USA > Massachusetts > Hampden County > Wilbraham > Wilbraham annual report 1924-1931 > Part 16
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North Wilbraham
9,896
520
Stony Hill
255
29
10,151
549
Rural School Deposits
1,925
12,076
RECEIPTS
Appropriation Dog Fund
$ 1,000.00 545.79
$ 1,545.79
52
EXPENDITURES
Robert Brooks, rebinding books
53.90
Cutler Co., Pulp Plaster .90
C. E. Stacy, repairs
26.25
Town Water Dept. water rental
16.00
J. T. Abbott, wall paper and paint
35.90
C. W. Vinton, painting and papering
56.93
G. W. Robbins & Sons, lumber
24.29
H. F. Swetland, book stacks & repairs 54.42
1.39
H. E. Huie, Insurance
140.58
Wm. Lincoln & Co., Insurance
47.25
James Jaffrey, shovel
1.25
Theodore Mesiaszck, carting
2.50
Gaylord Bros., repair material
8.40
Library Book House, books
181.19
Thompson Electric Co., wiring
116.75
M. L. Edgerton, magazines
32.25
John Ventura, care of yard
73.50
James Jaffrey, care of heater
68.00
The Cutler Co., coal
363.72
Central Mass. Elec. Co., current
34.62
The Cutler Co., fertilizer
3.95
Mrs. J. T. Abbott, services librarian
100.00
Mrs. Chas. Hitchcock, Stony Hill Branch 5.00
$ 1,448.94
Used less than appropriation $ 96.85 Gross Expenditures as above $ 1,448.94
Less Int. Henry Cutler Legacy $ 45.50
Chloe Bliss Stebbins 4.55
T. M. Walker & Co., glass
53
66 Int. Abner E. Bell Fund
1.80
Books Sold
7.80
$ 59.65
Net Expenditures - $ 1,389.29
Besides the foregoing, the Librarian has received from fines during the year $27.85 and sale junk 90¢- Total $28.75 which was paid out as follows: Wall paper and paint and labor $ 9.90
Cleaning 4.00
Electric Bulbs and other supplies
7.17
Express
1.87
Books
5.81
$ 28.75
MORTON L. DAY TRUST FUND
On hand Jan. 1, 1928
$ 700.34
Interest credited since
31.86
$ 732.20
Paid out for Christian Herald
13.00
On hand January 1, 1929
$ 719.20
See Auditor's Report for statement of HENRY CUTLER LEGACY ABNER BELL FUND
Grateful acknowledgement is made of books donated by Miss Elizabeth Whiting and others.
Respectfully submitted,
MRS. F. W. GREEN, DR. A. L. DAMON, H. W. CUTLER,
Trustees.
54
School Committees' Report
To the Citizens of Wilbraham :-
Your School Committee respectfully submits the fol- lowing report for the year 1928.
FINANCIAL STATEMENT FOR 1928
Appropriation for school support
$58,950.00
Interest, Warriner Fund
29.18
Interest, School Lot Fund
33.72
Total available for school support
$59,012.90
Total expenditures, itemized statement follows $59,332.51
Less-
Car ticket sold $256.47
Refunds on tuitions paid 164.00
Materials sold 7.78 428.25
Net expenditures 58,904.26
Less than total available $ 108.64
COST OF SCHOOLS TO THE TOWN IN 1928
For Support
Net expenditures above $58,904.26
55
Credits
General School Fund Law, Part I
$4,355.50
Superintendent's salary
578.13
Vocational Education
1,703.25
Tuition of Lyman School boys
41.58
Tuition of State Wards
560.01
Interest, Warriner Fund
29.18
Interest, School Lot Fund
33.72
Tuition, Monson
24.00
7,325.37
Amount paid from local taxation for school support $51,578.89
ITEMIZED STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURES
School Committee
Evanore O. Beebe
$ 50.00
H. W. Cutler
50.00
Thomas S. Bower
8.33
Mrs. Mary S. Merrick
41.67
$ 150.00
Superintendence of Schools and Enforcement of Law
F. A. Wheeler, salary 1,386.70
F. A. Wheeler, travelling and other expenses 238.38
Mrs. Jennie T. Abbott, labor cer- tificates and care of tickets 61.75
The F. A. Bassette Co., letterheads
8.45
Emily O. Cormier, superintendents clerk 432.21
W. A. Neilson Co., authorization slips 5.28
Frank Pátnaude, attendance officer 65.50
56
Mrs. Fannie R. Pease, labor certi- ficates 14.55
A. B. Sanderson, taking school census
30.00
$ 2,242.82
Supervisors' Salaries
Mrs. Ethel C. Morse
460.00
Mrs. Helen B. Tower 511.10
$ 971.10
Teachers' Salaries
Mrs. Bertha H. Amo
1,200.00
Mildred E. Connelly
720.00
Mrs. Mary Dalton
5.75
Edith S. Feustel
1,170.00
Katherine A. Hart
1,070.00
Marion L. Holland
1,200.00
Marion E. Kelley
1,270.00
Mrs. Elizabeth C. Kelly
1,300.00
Esther I. Lindell
75.00
Mrs. Mary G. Logan
1,200,00
Susie R. McCorrison
1,200.00
Loretta K. McDonald
1,170.00
Hazel Marsden
1,040.00
Ruth M. Mason
1,110.00
Mrs. Eleanor B. Parsons
520.00
Mrs. Fannie R. Pease
750.00
Mrs. Minnie M. Sanderson
1,200.00
Mrs. Martina M. Squire
690.00
Pearl C. Supernaw
1,070.00
Ferne E. Terwilliger
1,170.00
Mrs. Mabel .E Welch
1,200.00
$20,330.75
57
Textbooks
American Book Company
126.73
The Arlo Publishing Company
35.15
The Bobbs-Merrill Company
14.84
Ginn and Company
183.07
Houghton-Mifflin Company
25.83
Keystone View Company
16.07
Laidlaw Brothers
22.92
Lyons and Carnhan
12.70
The Macmillan Company
11.02
Charles E. Merrill Company
12.93
Newson and Company
69.39
The A. N. Palmer Company
24.50
Rand, McNally & Company
17.73
Benj. H. Sanborn & Co.
18.28
Charles Scribner's Sons
50.40
Silver, Burdett & Company
19.89
J. B. Taylor
3.91
The John C. Winston Co.
28.71
World Book Company
4.15
$ 698.22
Supplies
Mrs. Bertha H. Amo, Palmer
certificates
7.00
Edward E. Babb & Co., supplies 24.14
Milton-Bradley Company, supplies 345.44
Brown-Robertson Co., Day miniatures
6.00
Carlisle Hardware Co., hooks, knives, etc.
9.91
The Carter's Ink Co., register ink
3.00
Forbes & Wallace, ribbon, needles, thread, etc. 8.75
A. L. Fredette, cards 18.25
58
Holden Patent Book Cover Co., book
covers 17.45
Mrs. Elizabeth C. Kelly, Palmer awards 7.33
Mrs. Mary G. Logan, Palmer awards 1.50
Hazel Marsden, paper, Palmer awards 1.57
Mass. Child Labor Committee, pamphlets 2.40
Morgan, Crossman & Co., stamp and pad .60
Newson and Company, seat work 4.09
The A. N. Palmer Company, pads
.93
Frank Patnaude, carting supplies
1.00
Public School Publishing Company, tests 9.71
Geo. W. Robbins & Sons Co., lumber and materials 22.52
Sackett's Typewriter Exch., multi- graphing
3.27
Shaw-Walker Company, cards
4.15
R. L. Studor, lettering certificates
8.25
Ferne E. Terwilliger, materials
5.10
Thacker Craig Paper Co., supplies
105.04
Mrs. Helen B. Tower, materials
16.25
T. M. Walker Co., enamel
12.60
Fred L. Ward, courses of study
10.00
F. A. Wheeler, expressage on supplies
.91
Irving L. White, paper
101.37
World Book Co., tests
15.95
Wright & Potter Printing Co., account blanks 6.09
$ 780.57
59
Janitors
C. A. Brewer, mowing grass
5.50
Mrs. E. M. Brown
28.00
Jerry Donohue
150.00
Myron Hitchcock
20.00
Louis J. Johnson
26.80
Mrs. Robert McClelland
210.00
Frank Patnaude
1,352.00
Mrs. M. M. Sanderson
48.00
Harriet Swetland
360.00
Herbert F. Swetland, cleaning & cutting grass
11.85
C. W. Vinton
97.00
$ 2,309.15
Fuel
J. W. Baldwin, coal 16.48
Cutler Grain and Coal Co., coal
41.01
B. B. Green, wood
327.88
Household Fuel Corp, coal
278.01
Wm. H. McGuire, coal
1,067.18
$ 1,730.56
Miscellaneous Operating Expenses
Edward E. Babb & Co., Kaustine
7.94
Carlisle Hardware Co., Dustbane, axe, mop- wringer 61.80
H. W. Carter Paper Co., towels and
toilet paper 130.10
Central Mass. Electric Co., lights and power 157.76
The Cutler Co., cement
.90
Division of the Blind, brooms 7.62
60
James B. Logan, soap and cleaner
8.15
Mass. State Prison, brushes 19.13
Orient Spray Co., floor spray
20.67
City of Springfield, water
45.80
Standard Oil Co. of N. Y., floor dressing 10.10
Frank A. Towne, coal hod
1.04
Wadsworth, Howland & Co., Inc. Savogran
6.80
$ 477.81
Repairs
Alfred H. Bosworth, trucking 4.35
Carlisle Hardware Co., wheelbarrow,
paint, etc. 19.48
Commissioner of Public Safety, boiler inspection
5.00
The Cutler Co., cement
4.50
John R. Fairbairn, Master, chain mats
6.28
J. Raymond Ford Co., lamps
2.10
Forbes & Wallace, burlap
2.50
W. J. Foss Co., hose
1.37
Hampden Lumber Co., doors
19.00
Charles H. Hardie, shades
4.00
George G. Herter, repairing flag pole
3.00
Kenny Bros. & Wolkins, chair desks
48.40
E. D. McNamara, spring, hinges, etc.
1.85
Meekins, Packard & Wheat, cloth
3.00
Morrissey Brothers Co., locks, nails, drills, etc.
22.85
The Oliver & Howland Co., cups for bubblers 3.40
Frank Patnaude, delivering chairs, tables, etc. 2.75
-
61
Reformatory for Women, flags 10.84 George W. Robbins & Sons Co., materials 16.96
A. B. Sanderson, closing up Glendale, repairs
8.80
Arthur Smith, repairing switch
3.54
Charles S. Stacy, repairs on heaters
87.86
H. F. Swetland, general repairs
257.60
Wm. N. Wallace, coal bin
3.86
Wyckoff & Lloyd Co., investigating leakage
10.00
$ 553.29
Libraries
Frank Patnaude, carting library
books 1.00
$ 1.00
Health
Mrs. George A. Clark, services
7.00
Dr. A. L. Damon, school physician
406.25
Dentists & Surgeons Supply Co., supplies
4.00
A. L. Fredette, cards
13.50
Mrs. Helen Kochanek, interpreter
1.50
Signe L. Polson, nurse, supplies
852.04
Sweet Drug Co., supplies
19.81
$ 1,304.10
62
Elementary School Transportation
Santi Belli, caring for children at Plains 93.00
Gideon Dickinson, transporting children
930.00
A. B. Sanderson, transporting children
320.00
Town of East Longmeadow
1.20
$ 1,344.20
High and Vocational School Transportation
Gilbert Allyn
24.78
Josephine Allyn
10.20
John Baldwin
4.02
Wilfred Bennett
1.64
Barbara Berry
22.96
Eleanor Brindley
1.64
Louis Cloutier
23.20
Georgia Curns
17.96
James Curns
17.22
Gideon Dickinson
2,378.40
Ruth Eldridge
22.80
Daniel C. Ellenwood
72.00
Kathryn Frost
1.64
Homer Goodrich
20.80
Homer Howard
22.20
Howard Johnson
3.28
Paul Kittridge
1.64
John Lynch
1.64
Rose McCelland
2.79
Annie Nietupski
65.80
Bert Nietupski
63.68
Kasmir Nietupski
35.08
63
Mary Nietupski
25.10
Alton Nordin
111.04
Clifford Rogers
1.64
Springfield Street Railway Co.
4,264.00
Town of Monson
48.00
Isabel Wright
28.38
$ 7,293.53
High School Tuition
Town of Monson
75.00
Town of Palmer
90.00
City of Springfield
13,930.50
$14,095.50
Elementary School Tuition
Town of East Longmeadow
2.00
Town of Ludlow
50.00
$ 52.00
Continuation School Tuition
Town of Ludlow
79.36
City of Springfield
71.92
$ 151.28
Vocational School Tuition
City of Springfield
4,299.50
$ 4,299.50
64
Miscellaneous Auxiliary Expenses
Wm. F. Logan, insurance 522.56
522.56
New Equipment
Town of Longmeadow, office equipment 8.00 Kenny Bros. & Wolkins, rattan couch 16.57
$
24.57
Total of school orders drawn
$59,332.51
APPROPRIATIONS NEEDED FOR 1929
General Expenses :
School Committee, salaries $ 150.00
Expenses
20.00
Superintendent's Salary
1,710.00
Other Expenses
960.00
Expenses of Instruction :
Supervisor's Salaries
975.00
Teachers' Salaries
19,200.00
Textbooks
700.00
Supplies
800.00
Expenses of Operation :
Janitors
2,300.00
Fuel
1,700.00
Miscellaneous Operating Expenses 450.00
Maintenance :
Repairs 2,000.00
65
Auxiliary Agencies :
Libraries
10.00
Health
1,300.00
Transportation
9,000.00
Tuition
20,000.00
Miscellaneous
100.00
$61,375.00
ESTIMATE OF CREDITS ON ACCOUNT OF EDUCATION FOR 1929
General School Fund Law,
Part II
$ 7,519.11
General School Fund Law, Part I
4,055.50
Superintendent's Salary
835.99
Continuation school tuition reim- bursement
151.28
Tuition, state wards and Lyman
School boys
500.00
Vocational school tuition reim-
bursement
1,785.75
$14,847.63
Respectfully submitted,
EVANORE O. BEEBE H. W. CUTLER MARY S. MERRICK
School Committee of Wilbraham
66
Report of Superintendent of Schools
To the School Committee of Wilbraham:
Herewith is submitted my report as superintendent of schools for the year ending December 31, 1928:
CLOSING THE GLENDALE SCHOOL
By vote of the school board the Glendale school has been discontinued temporarily and the pupils from the Glendale neighborhood are being transported to North Wilbraham. Several considerations brought about this decision. The membership at Glendale, had the school been kept open, promised to be only seven or eight. Miss Mildred Connelly, who for six years had successfully and acceptably taught in the primary room at North Wilbra- tam, resigned at the close of the school year in June to take a year of study at the Fitchburg Normal School. This left a vacancy at North Wilbraham which Mrs. Minnie M. Sanderson, teacher at the Glendale school, was by temperament, training, and experience well fitted to fill. It was found to be possible to arrange for the transportation of the pupils under the supervision of a teacher from the time they left their homes in the morn- ing until they returned in the afternoon. The closing of the school would mean a considerable saving to the town. And, lastly it was believed that the education of the Glendale children, especially in the upper grades,
67
could be more effectively promoted in the North Wilbra- ham school, where the classes are larger and each tea- cher has fewer grades, than in the one-teacher Glendale school.
ONE TEACHER LESS AT THE PINES
For several years there has been a falling off in the enrolment at The Pines school. The peak was reached in 1925 when the December membership was 283. It dropped to 241 in 1926, 239 in 1927, and 227 for the present year. This loss in enrolment, whatever its cause, has made it possible to get along with one less teacher and to close the portable building again. There are now eight teachers, including the special class teacher, at The Pines, while last year there were nine. This change means a saving in the school budget.
HEALTH WORK IN THE SCHOOLS
For the last few years the school report has usually referred to the health work in the schools. This is a relatively recent and a constantly expanding phase of school activity, and so needs to receive frequent discus- sion. In this report attention is called to several projects that have already found a place in the schools and to others that are worthy of consideration. The compulsory vaccination law is fully complied with. Diphtheria im- munization treatment is the rule rather than the excep- tion. All children are given an annual physical examina- tion. The sight and hearing examinations prescribed by law are given. The brief report of Dr. Damon printed below is evidence of the large amount of work done by him in the schools.
68
REPORT OF THE SCHOOL PHYSICIAN
To the Superintendent of Schools, School Committee, and Parents of Wilbraham:
I have examined 445, vaccinated 58, Schick tested 59, and immunized 82 children during the year 1928. There were more children immunized this year, which is en- couraging, and I would like to have every new pupil take the immunization for his safeguard against diphtheria.
Respectfully submitted,
A. L. DAMON, M. D.
School Physician
MAY-DAY-CHILD HEALTH DAY OBSERVANCES
"May-Day-Child Health Day" was observed again last May at The Pines, at Wilbraham Street, and at North Wilbraham. In this the Stony Hill school united with the School at Wilbraham Street, and the Glendale and East Wilbraham schools with the North Wilbraham school. The program of observance included the inspec- tion of the children's teeth by a dentist from Springfield, pre-school clinics, the awarding of weight, posture, and teeth tags, and other public exercises. The tags, each bearing an appropriate maxim, were furnished by the State Department of Health. Weight tags were given to those children whom the scales showed to be within ten per cent of the standards found in Dr. Thomas D. Wood's height and weight tables. Posture tags were awarded to those who on examination by the school nurse were adjudged to meet the requirements of a good pos- ture. Teeth tags were awarded to those who presented
69
a card signd by a dentist stating that the holder of the card was not in need of dental treatment. The awards are sumarized in the following table.
Table to Show Tags Awarded, Children Examined at Pre-School Clinic, Children Vaccinated, and Visitors Present at May-Day-Child Health Day Exercises.
The Pines School
Wil'ham North Street Wil'ham
School
School
Total
Weight Tags awarded
199
61
101
361
Posture Tags awarded
177
91
102
370
Teeth Tags awarded,
24
59
27
110
Children examined at pre- school clinics
42
6
7
55
Children vaccinated at pre-
school clinics
38
6
6
50
Visitors present
28
50
75
153
Weight tags were awarded to 85 per cent, posture tags to 87 per cent, and teeth tags to less than 26 per cent of the children. Attention is called to the percent- age of children to whom teeth tags were awarded. Every child, if his parent is interested to see to it, can be taken to a dentist for the necessary work and secure his teeth card. In some towns last year there were whole build- ings in which every child had his tag. There was some misunderstanding about the matter last year, and the showing of the Wilbraham schools was not good. I hope that this year the percentage of children with teeth tags will be substantially increased. Is it too much to expect that fifty per cent of our children,-every other child-, will earn them?
70
PLAYGROUND EQUIPMENT
The Parent Teacher Associations of the town have been discussing the need of playground equipment and have made a start toward providing this from their own funds. The influence of playground equipment should be two fold, physical and moral. It invites to exercise and should teach fair play and consideration. Some years ago Miss Somers, at that time assistant state supervisor of physical education, pointed out that the schools of Wilbraham were poorly equipped to carry out the state course of study in physical education. The providing of playground equipment will, to some extent, remove the ground for Miss Somer's criticism. The town may well co-operate with the Associations in this project.
HOT LUNCHES
The need of provision for serving hot lunches to those children who spend the noon hour at school has been discussed at Parent-Teacher meetings. The schools of Wilbraham are semi-consolidated. All pupils from the Glendale and Mountain districts and pupils in grades 7 and 8 from East Wilbraham attend at North Wilbraham. All pupils from the Edward F. Powers school and pupils in grades 6, 7, and 8 from Stony Hill attend at Wilbraham Street. Pupils from the Plains section attend at The Pines or at North Wilbraham. Many other children who have considerable distances to walk in bad weather carry their lunches. During the winter months there are approximately ten pupils at the Stony Hill school, thirty- five at The Pines, fifty-two at Wilbraham Street, ten at East Wilbraham, and thirty at North Wilbraham who bring their lunches, a total of one hundred thirty-seven children.
71
There is no doubt that the health of these children, and, as a result, the quality of their school work, would be helped if they could be provided with hot lunches, unless the preparing and serving of the lunches should fall upon the teachers and keep them so busy during the noon hour as to deprive them of time for their own lunches and for a short rest period before resuming the teaching of the afternoon session. If hot lunches are to be served, there should be provided a place in which to serve them and a person to prepare and serve them. Certainly at North Wilbraham and Wilbraham Street the classrooms and corridors are not suitable places.
If the serving of hot lunches should be undertaken, it should be clearly understood by the parents that hot lunches are not free lunches. "The school committee may prepare and sell lunches - - - at such prices as it deems reasonable." But it cannot legally provide lunches to be given to the pupils from the appropriation for support of schools. It would be wise, also, to canvass the patrons of the school in which it is proposed to start the venture to find out how general the demand is and how many parents would be disposed to pay for lunches for their children.
A TUBERCULOSIS SURVEY
During the month of January the Hampden County Tuberculosis Association and the Westfield State Sana- torium, co-operating, are carrying through a valuable health project. All children from whose parents consent can be secured are to be examined by specialists from the Sanatorium for symptoms of tuberculosis and for condi- tions favorable for the development of tuberculosis which can be remedied. The examination is to include the Von Pierquet test, and an X-Ray for all "reactors" and "sus- pects." The examination and X-ray will be followed up
72
by other measures in the case of any child whose con- dition requires it. The work being done in Wilbraham is part of a state wide undertaking intended to include a similar examination of every public school child in the state within a period of ten years. It brings to the ser- vice of the school children without cost to their parents the knowledge and skill of experts, which if secured from one in private practice, would have to be well paid for. Between 1902 and 1927 the annual death rate from Tuber- culosis in Massachusetts was reduced from 170 to 65 per thousand, but tuberculosis still causes more deaths to persons between the ages of fifteen and forty-five than any other disease. It is by such measures as the survey now being made in the Wilbraham schools that a further reduction in the death rate from tuberculosis will be brought about.
SCHOOL FINANCES
In 1928 the town of Wilbraham expended a gross amount of $59,332.51 for support of schools. Of this, $51,578,89 was raised by local taxation and $7,753.62 came from other sources. The town is taxed heavily for schools and its citizens may well ask how its expenditures compare with those of other cities and towns throughout the Commonwealth. Expenditures much above or much below the average for the state would call for explana- tion. Expenditures at about the average for the state would seem to show that what has been found necessary through the state as a whole holds true for Wilbraham. The last available annual report of the Department of Education is drawn on for the following comparisons. The figures are for the school year ending June 30, 1927.
The average expenditure per pupil for all public ele- mentary and high school pupils of the state during that
73
year was $92.77; the average for Wilbraham was $90.97. Expenditures are classified under two main headings, high and elementary. For the state the average expendi- ture per pupil in the elementary schools was $78.72; for Wilbraham it was $73.26. The average expenditure per high school pupil in the state was $132.79; in Wilbraham $214.62. The figures for Springfield are of interest be- cause Wilbraham pupils attend high school in Springfield and are constantly being compared with the pupils of the Springfield schools. Springfield's average expenditure per pupil for both elementary and high schools was $121.83, for the elementary schools $99.97, and for the high schools $176.61.
From the above figures it appears that for the school year ending June 30, 1927, Wilbraham spent $1.80 per pupil less than the state average. In its elementry schools it spent $5.46 per pupil less, and for high school educa- tion $81.83 per pupil more, than the state average. In comparision with Springfield it spent $26.71 less per pupil in its elementary schools and $38.01 more per high school pupil. The comparison with Springfield is more striking if it is put on a per teacher basis. 1926-7 Wilbraham employed eighteen classroom teachers. The average number of pupils per teacher was twenty-six. On that basis Springfield was spending $694.46 more per class- room than Wilbraham. If Wilbraham had spent on its elementary schools at the same rate as Springfield, it would have expended $12,500.28 more than it did. Wil- braham cannot afford to maintain its elementary schools on that basis. Springfield can, and the expenditures are justified by the benefits which they bring to the school children of that city.
So far as high school is concerned the town is blessed and cursed by its location. It is so near Springfield that its pupils may secure all the advantages of the splendid high school system of that city. It is so far out and its
74
pupils are so scattered that its high school transportation costs are heavy. The town does not pay more for tuition than Springfield expends for support. The heavy expen- ditures are due to the combined tuition and transporta- tion charges. This heavy expense for high school edu- cation is not to be avoided. Under present conditions the town must permit its high school pupils to attend in Springfield and must pay for their tuition and transporta- tion. It cannot afford to support its elementary schools nearly as adequately as Springfield, but is forced to pay much more heavily than Springfield does for high school education.
In this connection attention is called to the change in the character and proportion of the town's high school population. Ten years ago there was not a child of Polish parentage in high school from the town of Wilbraham. This year there are thirty-nine. The Polish people are to be commended for the zeal they are showing for the higher education of their children. They do well to take advantage of the opportunities for secondary education offered without charge to any child residing in town. But this new group accounts for the steady growth in the number of high and trade school pupils during the last few years. The following table shows this change in detail and, in a way, explains the necessity for annual increases in the appropriation for school support.
75
Elementary and High School Membership
Total Member- mentary
Ele-
Per High and Per Trade Schools
Year
ship
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