USA > Massachusetts > Hampden County > Wilbraham > Wilbraham annual report 1924-1931 > Part 8
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28
Closing the Edward F. Powers School.
The opening of a third room at Wilbraham Street has made it possible for the lower grade children who last year made up the Edward F. Powers school to be cared for at Wilbraham Street. The closing of the Edward F. Powers School and the transportation of the pupils seemed entirely practicable if the parents were well dis-
62
posed toward the project. The fact that upper grade chil- dren from the district were already in attendance at Wil- braham Street and that most of them, if the Edward F. Powers School were closed, would be transported, made the project seem more desirable. A canvass of the neigh- borhood showed that there was no serious objection to closing the school. Accordingly, it was closed and the children are being taken to Wilbraham Street. During the first two or three weeks of the term there was some diffi- culty in arranging a transportation program that pleased everyone, but of late I have heard no complaints, and so conclude that the parents whose children are affected by the change are reasonable satisfied.
The Glendale and the Mountain School.
The advisability of closing the Glendale and Moun- tain schools was considered last year by the school com- mittee, but the citizens of the Mountain district, espe- cially, were anxious that their school be kept open. Some assurance having been received that the number of child- ren of that district was likely to increase, the project was dropped. If these schools should be closed, their pupils would be transported by auto bus to North Wilbraham. The chief argument advanced for closing them is their
At small membership, and their high per capita cost. present each has a membership of eight. One bus could easily carry all the children of both schools, and, unless the enrolment at North Wilbraham increases considerably beyond what it is now, they could be conveniently cared for there. The town has spent considerable money during the past few years in improving the Glendale schoolhouse. Especially, four years ago, it expended $750 there installing chemical toilets. The building is in excellent condition, but the supply of children has failed.
68
In 1921-1922 the average membership was twenty-two; now the total membership is eight. It is costing $150 a year per child for teacher's salary in that school as com- pared with $30 per child in some of our larger schools. A substantial saving in money would come by closing these two schools. In my opinion the educational needs of the children would be as well provided for. But it is doubtful whether it would be a wise policy to close a school that has been maintained for many years, if the community in which the school is placed is pretty unani- mously opposed to having it closed.
The Plains School Children.
Provision for the school children at Mountain- view Park in a way that shall be economical to the town, furnish satisfactory educational opportunities, safeguard the lives of the children, and please the parents is diffi- cult to make. Wilbraham is a town large in area with several centers of population and with the various sec- tions of the town set off from each other to some extent by natural barriers. As a result the earlier organiza- tion of small schools has been perpetuated It would be very difficult to bring about a plan of consolidation. It is harder in the town of Wilbraham to get and keep a corps of trained teachers, to establish morale, and hold the children up to definite standards of achievement than in towns differently situated where the consolidation of schools has been a natural development: The setting up of another one teacher school in the Plains district would not make for efficiency. It would be expensive and contrary to sound school policy.
Every effort should be made to satisfy the people of that neighborhood with the present plan of caring for their children. The arrangement whereby a man is paid
69
for guarding the children while they are crossing the street to take and to leave the trolley is a move in the right direction. Other things might be done. I sug- gest three which may be outside the province of the school department. A waiting station could be provided, a sign erected reading "School Children Cross Here", and a cross walk marked out in the road. All these measures might aid in warning automobilists to look out for the children, and in sheltering the children from exposure.
A Special Class.
State law provides that the school committee shall annually ascertain the number of children in the schools three of more years retarded according to standards set up by the Department of Education, and shall establish a special class for these children if ten or more are found. For reasons which I need not go into here, the school department of Wilbraham has been slow in meeting the requirements of the annual enumeration. However, such an enumeration was made during the school year ending June, 1926, and showed the town to have twenty such children. Law now requires the establishment of a spe- cial class. Various factors may enter in to explain the cause of the retardation of the children, but the advan- tages that there would be for many of them from being placed in a special class cannot be questioned. They are usually out of step with their classmates and find it diffi- cult to profit by class instruction. In a special class of small membership, with a course of study and equipment adapted to their needs, their progress is bound to be more satisfactory.
Perhaps I should add that the examinations to deter- mine the number of retarded children are not conducted
70
by the local school authorities, but by persons acting under the direction of the state authorities. Further, a letter received from the State Department under date of December 27th calls attention to our failure to comply with the law by establishing a special class. Provision for this class should be made in the budget estimate for 1927. The special class for Wilbraham should be esta- blished at The Pines school. It will probably mean that the unoccupied portable building must be refurnished and that another teacher, if possible, one with special train- ing for this type of teaching, must be secured.
Vocational School Tuition.
Vocational school tuition is not payable out of the annual budget for support of schools, and the school department is not responsible for this tuition unless the town has placed at its disposal an appropriation with which to pay the tuition. Many towns do that. It seems the logical thing to do. The superintendent of schools must approve of the enrolment of town pupils in the transportation of these pupils. The bills for their
Vocational school. The school committee must pay the tuition are sent to the superintendent to be checked up before being sent on to the board of selectmen. I sug- gest the advisability of including in the estimate for school purposes an item for Vocational school tuition. The enrolment in the Vocational school is somewhat un- certain. Of late years the number of boys from Wilbra- ham going to that school has increased. This year it totals 16. The larger the number in the Vocational scool, the smaller the number of boys in the high schools. The more that is paid for Vocational school tuition, the less is paid for high school tuition. A closer estimate can be made if the appropriation covers both items.
71
A Lot for a Junior High School.
Over and over again educational papers call attention to the wisdom and economy that come from buying loca- tions for schoolhouses in anticipation of future needs. If the town of Wilbraham continues to grow in population, additional school facilities are sure to be needed. With the present trend in school organization and the increas- ing ease with which pupils are transported, it is very probable that the next schoolhouse erected in Wilbraham will be for a junior high school. I urge the considera- tion of a lot for such a school. Land that is desirable and vacant today may be built on five years hence. However, it must be conceded that changing conditions in town make a sure decision on the best site for a junior high school difficult to reach.
Legislation and Town Grants.
The school board was much interested in the efforts to secure amendments to the school laws restoring grants from the state treasury on account of education which the town had lost because of the increased valuation given it by the state triennial valuation made in 1925. To help on the project several trips to Boston were made by mem- of the committee and the superintendent. Former Representative Warren, also, appeared before legislative committees and spoke in its behalf. As originally drawn and as reported out of the Committee on Education, the bill amending Part II of the General School Fund Law would have restored to Wilbraham its right to participate. In the Ways and Means Committee, however, the bill was changed, making the basis of the distribution the pro- portionate amount of state tax paid by each town instead of the valuation per pupil. On the new basis all towns
72
paying over fifty cents out of every thousand dollars of state tax raised are shut out from participation. Wil- braham pays fifty-three cents. It has lost its right to participate by three cents.
In two other partciulars Wilbraham has benefited. The law has been amended so that the town again receives $580 annually on account of the employment of a super- intendent of schools. Also, the supplementary rein- bursement on the salaries of teachers which would have been lost in 1927 under the old law has been continued by the amended law. This amounts to nearly one thousand dollars annually.
Respectfully submitted,
FREDERIC A. WHEELER
Report of School Physician
Superintendent of Schools, School Committee, and Parents of Wilbraham:
I wish gratefully to acknowledge the hearty coopera- tion of parents and teachers, also the very efficient assistance of Miss Polson, Miss Cormier, and Mrs. Clark for the year 1926. The protection of the children against diphtheria by immunization has been carried on since its beginning some years ago, with a very marked reduc- tion in number of cases of diphtheria among the children. I sincerely wish that a greater number of parents would take advantage of this protection for the school children as provided by the town. I have Schick tested this year fifty-one pupils who were inmunized in fall of 1925, in- munized forty-eight new pupils, vaccinated seventy-eight and examined four hundred and eighty-nine pupils.
Respectfully submitted, A. L. DAMON, M. D.
74
TABLES OF STATISTICS
School Calendar, 1927
Winter Term: Monday, January 3, to Friday, Febru- ary 25.
Spring Term: Monday, March 7, to Friday, April 29.
Summer Term: Monday, May 9, to Wednesday, June 29.
Fall Term: Tuesday, September 6, to Friday, Decem- ber 23.
Holidays:
Tuesday, February 22, Washington's Birthday.
Tuesday, April 19, Patriots' Day.
Monday, May 30, Memorial Day.
Wednesday, October 12, Columbus Day.
Wednesday noon, November 23, to Monday, November 28, Thanksgiving Day recess.
Membership by Schools and Grades, December, 1926
Name of School
Number of Grade
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8 Totals
Stony Hill
4
4
5
5
18
The Pines
90
43
19
15
11
26
24
13
241
Wilbraham St.
12
6
13
6
5
11
13
14
80
Mountain
1
2
5
8
E. Wilbraham,
4
5
6
4
4
5
28
Glendale
1
2
2
1
2
8
N. Wilbraham
9
15
9
6
8
7
13
16
83
Totals
120
74 54
38
29
51
57
43
466
75
School Census, October 1, 1926
Boys
Girls
Total
Persons 5 to 7 years old,
67
64
131
Persons 7 to 14 years old,
276
300
576
Persons 14 to 16 years old,
68
45
113
Totals,
411
409
820
School Membership and Attendance, 1925-26
Name of School
Aggregate
Attendance
Average
Attendance
Total
Membership
Average
Membership
Per Cent. of
Attendance
Cases of
Tardiness
Cases of
Dismissal
Stony Hill
4,126.
22.75
32
25.70
88.4
13
4
The Pines:
Mrs. Amo
5,640.5
30.73
49
32.06
95.85
30
51
Miss Feustel
4,760.
25.94
31
28.04
92.51
78
44
Miss McDonald
4,045.
22.05
25
23.43
94.
38
7
Mrs. Welch
6,959.
37.92
44
39.67
95.59
48
11
Mrs. Squire
6,924.
37.73
40
39.50
95.51
16
1
Miss Shea
6,922.5
37.83
42
40.15
94.1
29
0
Miss Cronin
6,111.5
33.45
39
35.84
93.05
9
2
Miss Holland
5,411.5
29.59
37
34.97
92.52
16 0
Edw. F. Powers
2,457.
13.84
16
14.55
95.08
9
5
Wilbraham St .:
Mrs. Pease
6,285.5
35.51
42
39.73
89.
82
12
Miss Irwin
4,542.
25.27
30
27.93
90.4
45
0
Mountain
1,896.5
10.45
15
11.50
90.87
6
6
East Wilbraham
3,464.
19.73
33
21.66
91.
10
2
Glendale
1,853.
10.43
15
11.19
92.8
22
45
No. Wilbraham:
Mrs. Parsons
3,621.5
20.22
26
21.93
91.
11
12
Mrs. Logan
3,681.
20.59
23
22.31
92.1
19
15
Miss Connelly
5,706.
32.05
40
33.19
96.
36
14
84,406.5 466.08 579 504.34 92.76 517 231
76
CORPS OF TEACHERS, JANUARY 1, 1927
Number One, Stony Hill
Ruth M. Mason, 116 Florence St., Springfield.
Number Two, The Pines Elizabeth F. Cronin, Prin., 88 Prospect St., Springfield, Grade 1 Mrs. Bertha H. Amo, 143 White St., Springfield, Grades 7 and 8 Susie R. McCorrison, 151 Sherman St., Springfield, Grade 6 Loretta K. McDonald, 24 Munroe St., Springfield, Grades 4 and 5 Mrs. Mabel E. Welch, 216 Jasper St., Springfield, Grades 2 and 3 Edith S. Feustel, North Wilbraham, Grade 2
Mrs. Martina M. Squire, 16 Rupert St., Springfield, Grade 1A Marion L. Holland, 218 Pearl St., Springfield, Grade 1B.
Number Four, Wilbraham Street
Mrs. Fannie R. Pease, Prin., R. F. D. No. 2, Ludlow, Grades 7 and 8 Helen B. Stacy, Wilbraham, Grades 4, 5, and 6
Katherine A. Hart, 37 Hancock St., Springfield
Number Five, Mountain
Pearl C. Supernaw, 28 Highland Ave., Ludlow
Number Six, East Wilbraham
Mrs. Nellie J. Hinchcliffe, 169 Lebanon St., Springfield
Number Seven, Glendale Mrs. Minnie M. Sanderson, North Wilbraham.
Number Eight, North Wilbraham
Mrs. Eleanor R. Parsons, Prin., Hampden, Grades 7 and 8 Mrs. Mary G. Logan, North Wilbraham, Grades 4, 5 and 6 Mildred E. Connelly, 135 Wellington St., Springfield, Grades 1, 3, 3
Supervisor of Music
Mrs. Ethel C. Morse ,79 Leete St., Springfield
77
Supervisor of Drawing Mrs. Helen B. Tower, 23 Haskins St., Springfield
Superintendent of Schools
Frederic A. Wheeler, East Longmeadow
Superintendent's Clerk
Emily O. Cormier, East Longmeadow
School Physician
Dr. A. L. Damon, North Wilbraham
School Nurse
Signe L. Polson, 36 Summit St., Springfield.
NUMBER OF PUPILS IN THE HIGH SCHOOL DECEMBER, 1926
Buckingham Junior High School,
1
Central Street Junior High School,
2
Myrtle Street Junior High School,
18
State Street Junior High School,
11
Central High School,
7
High School of Commerce,
18
Technical High School,
9
Ludlow High School,
1
Monson High School,
1
Palmer High School,
1
Total,
69
Vocational School,
16
1
Grand Total,
85
78
HONOR ROLL
On Honor Roll or No Mark Lower Than B in Springfield High Schools One or More Times During 1926
Dora Barcome
Muriel Mead
Adelina Casino
Annie Nietupski
Ruth Clausius
Rodney Piper
Bertha Farnham
Robert Rice
Hazel MacDowell
Stella Soja
Jean MacDowell
Wendell Stacy
Awarded Final Certificates by the A. N. Palmer Co., 1926, For Excellence in Penmanship
Anna Boduch
Katherine, Kochanek
Jennie Costello
Hazel MacDowell
Mary Cyran
Anna Opalinska
Mary Czupta
Julia Ziemba
Perfect Attendance, 1925-1926
Michael Dobek
Mary Gumula
Valida Lapine
Mary Rice
Frances Herter
GRAMMAR SCHOOL GRADUATES, JUNE, 1926
Anthony A. Barcome
Chauncey Lucia
Dora C. Barcome
Hazel M. MacDowell
Mary A. Bliss
Celia V. McGuiggan
Anna Z. Boduch
Bert Nietupski
Mitchell Brosch
Alton N. Nordin
Ruth M. Clausius
Jane M. Costello
Anna M. Opalinska Marjorie B. Piper
79
Edith M. Ellinwood Mary S. Gumula Pauline E. Herter Helen M. Kochanek Mary D. Koslovski Pauline E. Lavigne
M. Louise Porteri Robert L. Rice Stanley W. Sepiol Catherine Sherwin Stella M. Soja James P. Szezebak
Town Warrant
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS
Hampden. ss.
To FRED C. PHELPS. Constable of the Town of Wilbraham in the County of Hampden, Greeting
In the name of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts you are hereby directed to notify and warn the inhabitants of the town of Wilbraham qualified to vote in town affairs to meet in Grace Church Parish House in said Town on Monday the Seventh day of February next, at ten o'clock a. m. to bring in their votes for town officers and act on the following articles. Vis :
Article 1. To choose a moderator to preside in said meeting.
Article 2. To choose a Town Clerk, a Town Treas- urer, one Selectman for three years who shall be Overseer of the Poor, one Assessor for three years, one Assessor for one year, five Constables, one Auditor for the ensuing year, one School Committee for three years, Collector of Taxes for the ensuing year, one Library Trustee for three years, one Tree Warden for the ensuing year, one Cemetery Com- missioner for three years, all on one ballot.
Also all other Town Officers.
81
Article 3. To hear and act on reports of the Select- men, Overseers of the Poor, Treasurer, School Committee, and other officers.
Article 4. To fix the compensation of the Collector of Taxes for the ensuing year.
Article 5. To determine the manner of repairing the Highways and Bridges for the ensuing year.
Article 6. To raise such sums of money as may be deemed necessary for defraying the expenses of the Town for the ensuing year and appropriate the same and vote how the same shall be raised.
Article ?. To see if the town will vote to authorize the Treasurer with the approval of the Selectmen, to bor- row money in anticipation of the revenue of the current financial year.
Article 8. To see if the town will instruct the Select- men to prosecute any person selling or transporting intoxi- cating liquors in this Town contrary to the laws of the Commonwealth or take any action in regard to the same, or raise any money for the same.
Article 9. To see what disposition the Town will make of the Dog Tax of 1926.
Article 10. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate money to continue the permanent Highway work on the road leading from Wilbraham Center to the Hampden line providing the State and County furnish a like amount.
82
Article 11. To see if the Town will resurface the road from the intercection of Springfield and Faculty Streets to the Stony Hill Road, provided the State and County fur- nish a like amount.
Article 12. To see if the Town will instruct the Selectmen to take the necessary steps for a reduction in Electric Light rates also Trolley fares.
Article 13. To see if the Town will appoint a Com- mittee to revise the By-Laws of the Town.
Article 14. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate the necessary sum to purchase new Fire Equip- ment.
Article 15. To see if the Town will raise and appro- priate money for an Electric Light near the residence of Mrs. Mary M. Flanagan.
Article 16. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate ($300.00) three hundred dollars, for the use of the Wilbraham Post of the American Legion in carrying out the following program :
A. The proper observance of Memorial Day.
B. The care of the Memorial lots at North Wilbra- ham, Wilbraham, and Glendale.
Article 17. To see if the Town will instruct the Assessors to publish a valuation and tax list and raise and appropriate money for the same.
Article 18. To see if the Town will raise and appro- priate the sum of One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) to be
83
expended by the Trustees for County Aid to Agriculture for the County of Hampden in accordance with the pro- visions of Chapter 273 of the Acts of 1918, the same to be applied for the purpose of teaching and demonstrating better practice in Agriculture and Home Making.
Article 19. To see if the Town will vote to compen- sate the individual members of the George W. Kingdom Fire Company at the rate of ninety cents (90c) per hour for actual time devoted to attendance at fires. This shall include time spent on the way to the fire, time spent in returning from fire and also in refilling the chemical tanks after arriving back at fire station. This shall be in addi- tion to the compensation now received. To see if the Town will raise and appropriate money for same.
And you are directed to serve this warrant by posting attested copies thereof : one at the Post Office at Wilbra- ham, one at the Post Office at North Wilbraham and one and one at Glendale Church, seven days at least before the time for holding said meeting. Hereof fail not and make due return of this warrant with your doings thereon to the Town Clerk on or before the time for holding said meeting.
Given under our hands this twenty second day of Jan- uary 1927.
FRED W. GREEN
ERNEST L. THOMPSON
W. H. McGUIRE
Selectmen of Wilbraham
ANNUAL REPORTS
OF THE
TOWN OFFICERS
OF THE
Town of Wilbraham
AND OF THE
Receipts and Expenditures for the Year Ending December 31, 1927
PALMER REGISTER, INC. -
ANNUAL REPORTS
OF THE
TOWN OFFICERS
OF THE
Town of Wilbraham
AND OF THE
Receipts and Expenditures for the Year Ending December 31, 1927
PALMER REGISTER, INC.
3
Town Officers-1927
Clerk Mrs. JENNIE T. ABBOTT
Treasurer GEORGE M. GREEN
Selectmen and Overseers of the Poor
ERNEST L. THOMPSON, Chairman FRED W. GREEN W. H. McGUIRE, Jr.
Assessors
FRED W. GREEN, Chairman HENRY I. EDSON OREN GILBERT
School Committee
Miss EVANORE O. BEEBE, Chairman H. W. CUTLER THOMAS S. BOWER
Trustees of Town Library
H. W. CUTLER A. L. DAMON
Mrs. FRED W. GREEN
Collector of Taxes
CHARLES W. VINTON
4
Constables
LEWIS BRYANT FRED C. PHELPS JOHN A. ASHE, Jr. CLIFFORD A. BRADWAY DANIEL C. ELLINWOOD
Auditor J. M. PERRY
Inspector of Dairies FRED C. PHELPS
Inspector of Provisions JESSE L. RICE
Fence Viewers.
THOMAS POWERS
BENJ. B. GREEN
Tree Warden FRED C. PHELPS
Sealer of Weights and Measures CHARLES W. VINTON
Forest Fire Warden FRED C. PHELPS
Cemetery Commissioners
BENJ. B. GREEN LEE W. RICE
HENRY I. EDSON
Water Commissioners JULIUS H. WHIPPLE, Chairman JOHN F. BALDWIN GEORGE M. GREEN
Town Clerk's Report
STATISTICAL REPORT
Jan. 1, 1927-Dec. 31, 1927
Births
51
Marriages
14
Deaths
44
Resident Citizens Sporting Licenses
175
Resident Citizens Trapping Licenses
7
Minor's Trapping Licenses
6
Alien Sporting Licenses
1
Dog Licenses
260
Kennel Licenses
1
JENNIE T. ABBOTT
Town Clerk
6
REPORT OF TOWN MEETING Held Feb. 7, 1927
Article 1 Frederick A. Upham was elected Moderator of the meeting.
Art. 2 MINOR OFFICERS ELECTED
Pound Keeper Lee W. Rice
Measurers of Wood and Charcoal
Benjamin B. Green Robert M. Welch
Edgar C. Clark
Charles W. Vinton
Surveyors of Lumber
Benjamin B. Green Edgar C. Clark
Charles W. Vinton
Field Drivers
Richard J. Sackett Harold M. Brown
Albro J. Bryant
Weighers of Grain
Richard J. Sackett John Powers
Robert W. Ellis Dwight Bodurcha
Art. 3 Voted to accept the reports of the Selectmen, Overseers of the Poor, Treasurer, School Commitee and other officers as printed.
Art. 4 Voted to fix the compensation of the Collector of Taxes for the ensuing year at $500.00
Art. 5 Voted that the Highways and Bridges be re- paired under the supervision of a Superintendent of Streets and under the direction of the Selectmen.
Art. 6 Voted to raise and appropriate the following sums of money for defraying the expenses of the town . for the ensuing year :
Charities
$6,500.00
Highways and Bridges
9,000.00
Contingent Account
1,800.00
Insurance and bonding officers
500.00
County Tuberculosis Hospital
600.00
Interest
1,500.00
Interest on School house bonds
1,680.00
Printing Town Reports
290.00
Street lights
4,650.00
Land damages
150.00
Gypsy moth
350.00
Town Officers
2,500.00
Tree Warden
200.00
Forest Warden
250.00
Fire Department
1,450.00
Cemeteries
350.00
School House Bonds
3,000.00
Contagious Disease
500.00
Tractor Repairs
800.00
Fire Hydrants
1,080.00
Police
500.00
Library
800.00
Schools including Vocational School tuition
57,540.00
Payment of Water Bonds
4,000.00
Interest on Water Bonds
4,000.00
Maintainance of Water System
2,000.00
City of Springfield, minimum charge for water
1,000.00
1
8
Art. 7 Voted that the Treasurer with the approval of the Selectmen be authorized to borrow money in anti- cipation of the revenue of the current financial year beginning January 1, 1927 and to issue a note or notes therefor payable within one year, and debt or debts in- curred under this vote to be paid from the resources of said financial year.
Art. 8 Voted to instruct the Selectmen to prosecute any persons selling or transporting intoxicating liquors in this town contrary to the laws of the Commonwealth.
Art. 9 Voted that the Dog Tax of 1926 be given to the Library.
Art. 10 Voted to raise and appropriate $3000 to con- tinue the permanent Highway work on the road leading from Wilbraham to the Hampden line providing the State and County furnish a like amount.
Art. 11 Voted to raise and appropriate $2000 to re- surface Springfield Street from Stony Hill Road east, provided the State and County furnish a like amount.
Voted that the Town Treasurer with the approval of the Selectmen be authorized to borrow money in anticipa- tion of reimbursement by the State and County for the Highway work designated in articles 10 and 11, and to issue a note or notes therefor payable within one year, and debt or debts incurred under this vote to be paid from the resources of the current financial year.
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.