USA > Michigan > Wayne County > Detroit > Johnston's Detroit City Directory and Advertising Gazetteer of Michigan, 1861 > Part 5
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44
HOW THE NATIONAL REPUBLICAN PARTY ORIGINATED.
Until 1860 in the Election of Abraham Lincoln, although the United States were ac- knowledgedly A REPUBLICAN CONFEDERACY-as they ever will continue to be-yet, para- doxical as it would seem, there was no Republican Party-no not even in a State, for State Election Issues. There was, to be sure, the party par excellence of the Nation-the Great Democratic Party-and this Party would, as the name itself denotes, maintain itself per- petually in the ascendant, but that Sam's commands had to be attended to in allowing the Whigs into power in the proportion of about the revolving cycle of every third Presidential term. Now, a "Rose will smell as sweet by any other name !" The origin of the Republican Party however, as a matter of history, occurred in Michigan, and as a matter of history it may 88 well be correctly chronicled in this Directory. It Requires that men shall be impartial to make faithful Historiographers !
1
We ourself had not been a citizen of the United States in the fall of 1854, although in October 1850, had declared intentions. Business having led us into the Sanctum of Joseph Warren, one of the then Editors of the Detroit Tribune. We were canvassed to vote for the Whigs at the approaching Election, by the Hon. O. M. Hyde. We could have voted in the Election of State Officers, but declined doing so until fully investod with the privileges of a Federal Citizen-and so we stated to friend Hyde, who thereupon inquired of us how it was that foreign born citizens invariably entered the ranks of the Democracy. and gave that party their votes ? Necessarily we were under obligation to explain and proceeded : "There is something, said we, after all, in a name ! Immigrants to the United States of America leave their respective conutries, averse to their monarchical & aristocratical governments, and on looking around on their arrival to determine how they shall exercise the franchise they find the Democratic Party has in its nomenclature a Republican significance, and they there- fore vote in and with that Party-if you Whigs sink the unmeaning name by which your party is distinguished, and call yourselves " REPUBLICAN," the people of the several European Nationalities will divide their votes between the parties, and you will by this fusion have a chance of a majority and probably permanent stability. The Irish born people will especial- ly do this, for they would recall O'CONNELL's familiar character of the Whigs of Britain, whom he designated as " The Base, Bloody and Brutal Whigs." A fusion of parties did take place, necessitated by important questions not now necessary to particularise. Having called in to assist in its management some old school Democrats, as Kinsley S. Bingham, who in fact incubated the party into its wide-spread proportions, (like the turkey hon story he used to talk about during the late Campaign)-the Michigan State Republican Party took form, and became consolidated, by the election of Bingham as Governor, to which office he was re-elected, and he has been no unimportant instrumentality in nursing the party into puberty as a great nation- al success, which in the teeth of the slave power, and other nameless influences enables the nation to claim a Republican President at its head. The party has all the elements of wis- dom, enlightenment and liberality, to enable it to retain its strength as an established nation- al party power. We do not say this because we are ourself a Republican, for we believe it will conduce to the political health of the commonwealth that the Democratic party of the nation instead of being a Northern protective outpost of slave owning interests-fostering negro labor to the prejudice of the white immigrant population in States where colored labor should not be encouraged- shall return to first principles founded on broad national justice as known to be maintained by the Fathers and founders of our national freedom-and found purified from unholy affiliations with institutions antagonistic to our Republican and Demo- cratic Liberties, on issues other than slavery, on national and international expediency-the party now in opposition will of course have its alternations to Federal Power-and both political parties, which of course constitute the nation, will live happily in pleasant fraternal political conflict for the right to govern, when slavery shall be found existing, properly hedged in and protected by the Federal power in not more than the few States which bound the Gulf of Mexico.
-
1
.
We have never yet been helped to a slice of ofice by UNCLE SAM or any of his State Sons, and we think it but just that we apply for a caveat to the new patent office commissioner for our successful invention-which in its national use involves so many funny complications, but which on fair trial by " HONEST ABE" will be pronounced by every body an article of indispensible utility from MAINE to OREGON. State and City Rights sold on reasonable terms !
JAMES DALE JOHNSTON.
[ These Notices continued on page 888.]
1
17
AND ADVERTISING GAZETTEER.
.
CAN
CIRCUNS
Departmental Society and Local Statistics.
LIST OF PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES SINCE 1789.
1. George Washington, Va., inaugurated April 30, 1789, President 8 years. Jobn Adams, Mass., Vice President same period. 2. John Adams, Mass., inaugurated March 4, 1797, President 4 years. Thom- as Jefferson, Va., Vice President same period.
8. Thomas Jefferson, Va., inaugurated March 4, 1801, President 8 years. Aaron Burr, N. Y., Vice President 4 years. Geo. Clinton, N. Y., 1805, Vice President 4 years.
4. James Madison, Va., inaugurated March 4, President 8 years. George Clin- ton, N. Y., Vice President 4 years. El- bridge Gerry, Mass., 1818, Vice President 4 years.
5. James Monroe, Va., inaugurated March 4, 1817, President 8 years. Daniel D. Tompkins, N. Y., Vice President same period.
6. John Quincy Adams, Mass., inaugu- rated March 4, 1825, President 4 years. John C. Calhoun, S. C., Vice President, same peried.
7. Andrew Jackson, Tenn., inaugurated March 4, 1829, President 8 years. John C. Calhoun, S. C., Vice President 4 years. Martin Van Buren, N. Y., 1835, Vice Presi- dent 4 years.
8. Martin Van Buren, N. Y., inaugurat- ed March 4, 1837, President 4 years. Rich- ard M. Johnson, Ky., Vice President same period.
9. William H. Harrison, Ohio, inaugura-
| ted March 4, 1841, President 1 month ; died April 4, 1841. John Tyler, Va., Vico President same period.
10. Jobn Tyler, Va., acting President 8 years and 11 months.
11. James K. Polk, Tenn., inaugurated March 4, 1845, President 4 years. George M. Dallas, Pn., Vice President same period.
12. Zachary Taylor, La, inaugurated March 4, 1849, President 1 year and 4 months ; died July 9, 1850. Millard Fill- more, Vice President 1 year and 4 months.
18. Millard Fillmore acting President 2 years and 8 months.
14. Franklin Pierce, N. H., inaugurated March 4. 1858. Wm. R. King, Ala., Vico President 1 month and 14 days; died April 18, 1858.
15. James Buchanan, Pa, inaugurated March 4, 1857, John C. Breckenridge, Ky., Vice President.
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT.
The eighteenth Presidential term of forr years began on the 4th of March, 1857, and will expire on the 3d of March, 1861. .
James Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, Presi- dont, salary $25,000; John C. Brecken- ridge, of Kentucky, Vice President, salary $8,000; Lewis Cass, of Michigan, Secreta- ry of State, salary 88,000; Howell Cobb, of Georgia, Secretary of the Treasury, sala- ry 88,000; John B. Floyd, of Virginia,
.
18
JOHNSTON'S DETROIT CITY DIRECTORY,
Secretary of War, salary $8,000; Isaac Toucey, Connecticut, Secretary of the Na- vy, $8,000; Jacob Thompson, of Missis- sippi, Secretary of the Interior, salary $8,- 000; Joseph Holt, of Kentucky, Postmas- ter General, salary $8,000; Jeremiah S. Black, of Pennsylvania, Attorney General, salary $8,000.
The Cabinet.
The Cabinet consists of seven members ; viz: the Secretary of State, Secretary of the Treasury, Secretary of War, Secretary of the Navy, Secretary of the Interior, and the Attorney General and Postmaster Gene- ral, who are the special advisers of the President.
United States Congress.
The Congress of the United States con- sists of a Senate and house of Representa- tives, and must assemble at least once a year, on the first Monday in December, unless otherwise directed by law.
The Senate is composed of two members from each State. They are chosen by the Legislatures of the several States for the term of six years, one - third being elected biennially. The Vice President of the United States is President of the Senate, having the casting vote when the votes of the Senators are equally divided. In case of his absence or death, a President pro tempore is chosen by the Senators from their own body. The Senate at present consists of sixty - six members.
The House of Representatives is compos- ed of members from the several States, elected by the people for the term of two years, and apportioned to the population in the following manner. After each de- cennial census, the Secretaay of the Interi- or is to add to the whole number of free persons-including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding the In- dians not taxed-three - fifths of all other persons. This aggregate is to be divided by 233, and the quotient, rejecting frac- tions, is to be the ratio of appointment to the several States. The representative population of each State, ascertained in the game mauner and divided by the above named ratio, will give a quotient which is the appointment for that State. Any loss by fractions is to be made up by assigning to as many States having the largest frac- tions, as may be necessary to make the wbele number of representatives 988, one
additional member each. And if, after the apportionment, new States are admitted, representatives are assigned to such States on the above basis in addition to the limit- ed number of 233, but such excess is to continue only till the next apportionment under the succeeding census. Besides the representatives from the States there is a delegate from each territory, who has a right to speak but not to vote. The com- pensation of the members is $3,000 per annum, and that of the Speaker $6,000, and $8 for every twenty miles travel in going and returning. The House of Re- presentatives is composed at present of 237 members, besides seven additional from the organized territories.
United States Courts.
TES SUPREME COURT .-- Chief Justice, Roger B. Taney, of Maryland, salary $6,- 500. Associate Justices, John McLane, Ohio; James M. Wayne, Georgia ; John Catron, Tennessee; Peter V. Daniel, Vir- ginia; Samuel Nelson, New York; Robert C. Grier, Pennsylvania; John A. Camp- bell, Alabama ; Nathan Clifford, Maine; salary $6,000. This court is held in Wash- ington, and has but one session annually, commencing on the first Monday in De- cember.
CIRCUIT COURTS .- The United States are divided into ten judicial circuits, in each of which a Circuit Court is held at least twice a year for each State within the circuit, by a Justice of the Supreme Court, and the District Judge of the State or district in which the court sits.
DISTRICT COURTS .- The United States are also divided into fifty-one districts, in which the District Courts are held by forty-two district judges. And in each of the territories there is also a judge and two associate judges, appointed by the Execu- tive of the United States.
International Relations.
The pay of Envoys Extraordinary, the Minister Plenipotentiary, and so of Char- ges, Secretaries of Legation, and of Minis- ters Resident, varies with the country to which they are commissioned. The Unit- ed States are represented by Ministers Plenipotentiary at the courts of Great Brit- ain, France, Spain, Russia, Prussia, Mexi- co, Brazil, Chili, Peru, and China ; and by Charges d'Affairs or Ministers Resident, at the courts of most of the other foreign pow-
-
-
.
.
19
AND ADVERTISING GAZETTEER.
ers with which this country is connected by commercial intercourse. There were also, in November, 1858, 206 Consuls ard Commercial agents from the United States residing in foreign countries ; and 28 Min- isters and Charges, and 497 Consuls and Commercial agents from foreign countries in the United States.
National, Naval and Military Strength, (reclusive of all State Militia or Volunteer and In- dependently organised Military Companies. THE ARMY .- The authorized strength of the United States army is 18,165, officers and men; the actual strength, is 14,980. This force is divided into 19 regiments, garisoning 68 permanent forta, and 70 military posts in different parts of the country. The whole territory of the United States is divided into six great departments, in which there are 25 arse- nals and armories, besides the camps and forts above mentioned.
THE NAVY .- The navy of the United States has (1859) captains-active list 81, reserved list 20; commanders-active list 116, reserved list 17; lieutenants-active list 840, reserved list 36; surgeons of vorious grades, 147; pursers 64; midship- men and other officers down to assistant engineers, 529. Ten ships of the line, 10 frigates, 21 sloops of war; 8 brigs, 25 screw steamers and tenders, 8 side-wheel steamers, 8 store-vessels, 5 permanent and receiving ships, a naval asylum, a naval academy, and 8 navy-yards.
The foregoing Exhibit of our National strength, is no correct index of the Mili- tary power of the United States-the po- pulation of which now numbers probably thirty-six millions. Our people are all marksmen. Even our very wives and daughters shoot true to a hair. The na- tional spirit of our beloved Republic, if once aroused by internecine animosity, or the pragmatical meddling of monarchical governments with our Federal privileges would sweep an invading enemy to Tophet with the besom of destruction. In fact, every youth, adult, and old man of years, is a soldier in America-with hearts full of manly, Revolutionary fighting-pride, sub- dued into intelligent unobtrusive courage. Such is the ring of true metal-the off- spring of Education and honorable train- ing. We have heretofore suggested, that a Michigan State " Army List" should be published annually, under the patronage
of the Adjutant-General and State Authe- rities. Such a work would, no doubt, pay an enterprising, military gentleman, who could prepare the work at leisure hours. In fact, so entirely secure do we feel, in our peaceful, industrial and social rela- tions, that a necessity seems to exist to wake up a laudable military spirit through- out the Union, which we are happy in be- lieving is irrefragibly founded on the jus- tice of our Constitutional State relations.
GOVERNORS OF MICHIGAN.
NAME
Appointment Death, or oth-
or Election.
er Termina-
tion of Office.
William Hull.
1800
March 9, 1818 July 81, 1881 Appointed Secretary of War.
Lewis Cace ....
Stephen T. Mason.
Ang.
1, 1881 Ang.
6, 1831
As Secretary of Territory, soting Governor.
George B. Porter ..
ANg.
1881 July
₹, 1885 Died in office.
Stevens T. Mason.
July
7, 1885|Sept.
8, 1885 Acting Governor while Secretary of State.
John 8. Horner ..
Bept.
& 1885 Oct.
- 1835 State organized.
Stevens T. Mason.
Oct.
- 1885 Jan.
- 1840 Retired on the election of Wm. Woodbridge.
William Woodbridge
Jan.
- 1840 Feb.
8. Wright Gordon.
Feb. .
John S. Barry.
Nov.
..
Alphens Felch
William L. Greenly.
Epaphroditus Bansom
Nov.
- 1847 NOY.
- 1849
John 8. Barry .....
Nov.
- 1849 Nov.
- 1861
Robert McClelland
Nov.
- 1861 Nov.
- 1854 Resigned, being appointed Bec'y. of Interior.
Andrew Parsons ..
-
March 7, 1858 March 7, 1868 Lieut. Governor Alled casualty.
Kinaley 8. Bingham
Nov.
- 1854 Nov.
- 1860
Kinsley 8. Bingham. Nov.
- 1856 Nov.
- 1858
....
Moses Wisper ....
LYOY.
- 1868
Detroit Municipal Government.
Lin of Mayors of Detroit.
John R. Williams ... 1824 Zina Pitcher ......... 1 ?? John K. Williams .... 1826|Jobn B. Williams .... 1844 Henry I, Hunt. ...... 1826/John R. Williams .... 1865
Dates of
Dates of
Resignation
GENERAL REMARKS.
While a Territory and as a State.
-
Nov.
- 1845 March 8, 1847 Resigned, being elected U. S. Senator.
March 4, 1847 Nov.
- 1845 Re-elected,
- 1842 Nov.
- 1841 Resigned, being elected to Congress.
- 1841 Nov.
- 1849 Lient. Governor acted as Governor.
- 1847 Lieut. Gaveraor acted as Governor.
-
.
.
-
.
20
JOHNSTON'S DETROIT CITY DIRECTORY,
John Fiddle. . 1827|Jobn R. Williams .... 1840
.John B ddie. .... .. 1828 .J-mes A Van Dyke .. 1847 Junathan Krarsley ... 1829 Frederick Buhl . ... .. 1848 John R Williams .... 1880 Charles Howard ...... 1849 Mar-hall Chapin. .... 1831 John Ladne. .. 1850
Levi l'ont.
.1882 Zachariah Chandler .. 1$51
Marshall C'hapin. ... 1888 John II. Jarmon .... 1852 Chas. O Trowbridge.1'84 John H Harmon .... 1858 Levi Conk .. .. 1885 Oliver M. Hyde .... .. 1854
Levi Conk .. .. 1836 Henry Ledyard .... .. 1855
Henry Howard .. .. 1887 Oliver M. Hydo ... .. 1856
Anonstns 8 Porter .. 1883 O iver M. Hyde .... .. 1857
DeGarma Jones ...... 1839 .John l'atto ..... .1868
Zina Pitcher. ........ 1840 Jobn Patton ... .1859
Zins Pitcher .. -1841 Christian H. Buhl .... 1860 Douglas Houghton ... 1849 -
Government of the State of Michigan. Goornment Offices and Legislation Capitol at Lunging, in Ingham County.
Governor-Moses Wisner. Lieut. Governor-Edmund B. Fairfield. Secretary of State-Nelson G. Isbell. Deputy Sec'ry. of State-Edwin A. Thomp- Ron.
Auditor General-Daniel L. Caso. Deputy Auditor General-Ezra Jones. Treasurer of State-John Mckinney. Deputy Treasurer of State-Theodore Hun- ter.
Superintendent Public Instruction-John M. Gregory.
Deputy Superintendant Public Instruc- tion-Cortland B. Stebbins.
Commissioner State Lands-James W. Sanborn.
Deputy Commissioner Stato Lands-Wil- liam Sanborn.
Attorney General-Jacob M. Howard. Adjutant and Quarter Muster General- Fred. W. Curtenius.
Stato Delegates to Congres Zachariah Chandler, Detroit. Kinsley S. Bingham, Kensington.
REPRESENTATIVES.
Ist Dist. Wm. A. Howard, Detroit Wayne County.
2d Dist. Henry Waldron, Hillsdale Co. 8d Dint. Frs. W. Kellogg, Kent Co. 4th Dist. DeWitt C. Leach, Gencsec Co.
The State Legislature.
The Legislature and Executive Capital is at Lansing, in Ingham county, for which see "Lansing" in " Succinct Gazetteer." Duration of Legislature and Executive term, two years after election.
Duration of Legislative Session, forty day&
Justices of the Supreme Court. Chief Justice-George Martin. Associate Justice-Isaac P. Christiancy. .6 -James V. Campbell.
=
-Randolph Manning.
Judges of the Circuit Courts.
1st District Edward H. C. Wilson.
.6
Nathaniel Bacon.
3d Benjamin F. H. Witherell.
4th
Edwin Lawrence.
5th
Benjamin F. Graves.
6th
Sanford M. Green.
7th
Josiah Turner.
8th
Louis S. Lovell.
9th
Flavius J. Littlejohn.
10th
Wilber F. Woodworth.
Upper Peninsula, Daniel Goodwin.
State Board of Public Instruction. John R. Kellogg, George Willard, Wit- ter J. Baxter.
Regents of the State University,
1st District, Benjamin L. Baxter. 2d J. Eastman Johnson.
3d
Levi Bishop.
4th
Donald Mcintyre.
5th
.6
E. Lakin Brown.
6th
Henry Whiting.
7th
Luke H. Parsons.
8th - Oliver L. Spaulding.
Trustees of State Asylum for Deaf, Dumb and Blind. Asylum at City of Flint
James A. Walker, Benjamin Pierson, J. P. Leroy.
Rev. B. M. Fay, Principal of Asylum.
1
Trustees of State Asylum for the Insane Asylum at Oly .f Kulamasoo.
Jeremiah P. Woodbury, Henry Mon- tague, Luther H. Trask, Zina Pitcher, Chas. Coggeshall, Daniel L. Pratt.
Board of Control of State House of Correction.
James Turner, Hulbert B. Shank, Geo. W. Lec.
State Railroad Commissioners.
Harmon Chamberlin, Chas. A. Trow- bridge, Geo. W. Lee, Charles Tripp, Wil- der D. Foster, Charles Upson.
-
-
-
21
AND ADVERTISING GAZETTEER ..
State Prison Agent. State Prison at Jackson.
William L. Seaton.
State Prison Inspectors. Amos Root, Luther H. Trask, Nelson W. Clark.
Stato Librarian.
J. Eugene Tenney.
Superintendent St. Marys Falls Ship Canal.
Samuel P. Mead.
State Agricultural Society.
Chas, Dickey, President. R. F. Johstone, Secretary.
DETROIT CITY GOVERNMENT. FOR 1880.
Mayor, Christian H. Buhl. Recorder, Henry A. Morrow.
President of the Council, Nathaniel P. Jacobs.
City Clerk, Rollin C. Smith. City Controller, James M. Edmunds. Treasurer, Daniel P. Bushnell. City Attorney, Wm. J. Speed. Overseer of Poor, Luther B. Willard. Surveyor, Thomas Campau. City Marshal, John B. Stadler. Deputy Marshal, F. F. Eglington. Street Commissioner, East District, Wm. Long.
Street Commissioner, West District, Fras. W. Noble.
Clerk of Market, Robt. C. Wright. City Assessor, W. W. Wilcox. Assistant Assessor, Henry M. Whittlesey. City Sexton, A. T. Ray.
City Physicians, Ira M. Allen, 1st District ; Louis Davenport, 2d District ; Edward Lauderdale, 8d District; Wm. J. Cran- age, 4th District.
Common Council.
President of the Council, Nathaniel P. Jacobs, 4th District
BOARD OF ALDERMEN.
First Ward-Nathaniel P. Jacobs and George Foote. Second Ward-William Hale and Ed- ward LeFavour.
Third Ward-Theodore Williams and John J. Bagley.
Fourth Ward-Anthony Barlage and Fras. B. Phelps.
Fifth Ward-William Gibbings and J. S. Farrand.
Sixth Ward-Mark Flanigan and Ste- phen B. Morre.
Seventh Ward-John Marx and Frank- lin M. Wing.
Eighth Ward-Nelson Truckey and P. M. Phelps. Ninth Ward-Jas. W. Sutton and H. T. Backus.
Tenth Ward-H. H. Swinscoe, Geo. W. . Olewine.
STANDING COMMITTEES.
Ways and Means, Foote, Backus, Bagley. Streets, Swinscoe, LeFavour, Truckey. Claims and Accounts, Farrand, Backus, Williams.
Sewers, Morse, Sutton, Phillips.
Alms House, Gibbings, Morse, Barlage. Gas Lights, Trucky, Olewine, Phelps. Markets, Flanigan, Wing, Barlage. Taxes, Backus, Olewine, Hale.
Fire Department, Sutton, Flanigan, Wing.
Hydraulics, Wing, Morse, Truckey. Public Buildings, Bagley, LeFavour, Phelps.
Parks, LeFavour, Bagley, Phillips. Printing, Olewine, Farrand, Williams. Health, Phelps, Foote, Swinscoe. Ponds, Marx, Gibbings, Barlage. Licenses, Williams, Marx, Farrand. Street Openings, Olewine, Sutton, Flani- gan.
Detroit Board of Education. President of the Board, D. Bethune Duf- field.
Secretary, Wm. A. Moore. Treasurer, Daniel P. Bushnell.
BOARD OF INSPECTORS.
First Ward-D. B. Duffield, John Hos- mer.
Second Ward-H. C. Kibbce, J. C. Warner.
Third Ward-Wm. A. Moore, William Warner. Fourth Ward-Edmund Hall, Aloys Wuerth.
Fifth Ward-Edward Shepard, Henry M. Cheever.
-
22
JOHNSTON'S DETROIT CITY DIRECTORY, 1
Sixth Ward-Henry E. Baker, William Bond. Seventh Ward-Wm. D. Wilkins, Lu- cretius H. Cobb.
Eighth Ward-John O'Connell, James Leddy. Ninth Ward-Levi Dolson, Sydney C. Case. Tenth Ward-J. N. Elbert, Leverett B. Walker.
The Mayor and Recorder, are members of the Board ex-officio.
Standing Committees of the Board for 1860. On Teachers and School Books.
L. H. Cobb, William Warner, Henry E. Baker, John O'Connell, Edmund Hall, L. B. Walker.
ON SCHOOLS.
William D. Wilkins, H. M. Cheever, William A. Moore, John Hosmer, James Leddy, A. Wuerth.
ON SCHOOL HOUSES, Eastern District. J. C. Warner, E. Hall, J. N. Elbert. ON SCHOOL HOUSES, Wastern District. H. C. Kibbee, S. C. Case, L. Dolson.
AUDITING, OR WAYS AND MEANS.
E. Shepard, and W. S. Bond.
The established value of school property vested in the Board of Education at this date, 1860, is ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS.
The income of the Board for the 1859, was . $33,599,25
The expenditure amount to . $31,042,82
The present debt of the Board is . $9,400,00
The following, presents a summary of the corps of instructors employed by the Board, and their salaries.
1 Principal, High School, at a salary of $1,000.
1 Assistant, $500.
4 Principals of Union Schools, 83,600.
4 Heads of Junior Departments, at $750 each, $3,000.
4 Senior Assistants in Union School, $400 each, $1,600.
1 male teacher, colored school, $400.
46 Primary Teachers and assistants in Union Schoola, at $800 each, $18,800.
2 Primary Teachers, at $259 each, $5,00 1 Teacher of Music, $300.
This last is by no means the least impor- tant instructor, as it is time to recognize music as an essential element of education, and every teacher should be competently instructed. Instead, therefore, of paying a music teacher the trifling salary of $300. there ought to be at least four music teach- ers appointed, one for each Union School District. Music and calesthenics are essen- tial elements of popular education. The children, both male and female, should be instructed to carry themselves erect. The "backboard" exercise should be practiced at their recesses, which should invariably be superintended by the teachers, who should appoint monitorial disciplinarians. By this training, the children would over- come the injurious decrepitudes, incurvi- tures and excurvitures, which close applica- tion to their studies superinduce. This kind of exercise develops and invigorates the mind, as well as the muscular system ; gives buoyancy and independent ease of carriage to the body ; and the rudiments of military movements are acquired, as mere healthful, playful exercise, by every pupil, under the teachers own eye, during the periods of the day devoted to "recess' or relaxation from school study, but which periods are now generally occupied in play- ing at marbles, tricking, gambling, curs- ing and scheming other idle pursuits after school hours. A model school for instruc- tion of monitors from the several depart- ments, in order to systematise and ramify the operations of a plan, such as suggest- ed, would be a paying investment by the Board, and such physical training should be practiced in every public school in the United States, everywhere-everywhere ! throughout the world at large.
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.