USA > North Dakota > Early history of North Dakota: essential outlines of American history > Part 79
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"Two parties are essential to good government, for only through contention can the right most certainly prevail. When the great majority rule and the minority have sunk into 'innocuous desuetude' through lack of interest or the overwhelming power of corrupt methods, good government cannot long survive. No matter how pure the purposes of the central organization may be, when there is no longer opposition in the branches disease and corruption may creep in, and can only be prevented from gaining the supremacy by keeping alive the opposition.
"One of the great parties should live to correct the errors of the other. There is no democrat so good, so pure, so able, that there is not a republican who is his equal, and if the party fails to nominate him, the party will surely suffer; or if it fails to do right by the people, the people will set it right in the next contest either by the nomination of a better man or his defeat at the polls.
"Corruption in politics cannot survive where both parties are equally intent on proving that they are faithful, and worthy to be trusted with the affairs of govern- ment, and it ought to be a source of pride to a man, that he is a democrat or a republican or a populist, as the case may be, and he ought to be able to give a reason for the faith that is in him. It is related of John Randolph, that as he called the name of a bitter personal enemy, who had been placed on his party ticket, (they voted viva voce then in his state), the gentleman named rushed to him and extended his hand. Randolph refused it and said: 'You are not my friend.' "Then why did you vote for me?' 'I voted for my party and for its principles,' Randolph replied.
"No such sentiment has found a resting-place in democratic hearts in North Dakota, I assert, and I am sure that Capt. Dan Maratta, chairman of the demo- cratic state committee, will bear me out in the assertion, that there has never been a corrupt deal in the politics of the state, territory, county or city at Bismarck, that democrats were not among the leading factors in it. In the local politics, it was never possible to post up a democratic ticket and fight for it on principle, with any hope of carrying even a majority of those who claimed to be democrats. At the polls, they were strikers for ring methods and ring candidates, hireling workers for the spoils of office. Sometimes the ticket was labeled republican, sometimes democratic and sometimes independent, but the ring ticket always had the same names on it, the same supporters at the polls, and usually accomplished the same results. Republicans tried to organize the republican party and hold it together for purer and better politics. Maratta and Gray and a few others tried
633
EARLY HISTORY OF NORTH DAKOTA
to secure organization of the democratic party with the same object in view, but it could not be done. And why? Because the parties throughout the territory were not organized with a view to contentions for principles. Men were doing just what the Herald advised them to do, viz .: voting for their personal interests instead of for the public good.
"And when it came to legislative affairs, as the democrats had no principles to sustain, no party purposes to accomplish, the democratic contingent became simply a recruiting camp for votes for corrupt deals, though they were not all corrupt. The majority of them had their glasses out, and they were turned here and there in search of some personal advantage, and whenever the band wagon came along, and it did not make any difference to them whether it was labeled democratic or republican so it was a sure enough band wagon, they bade good bye to their princi- ples. tumbled their candidates into the mud and scrambled on, happy in the thought that they had accomplished something for themselves.
"It ought to be a reproach to a man to vote on an opposition ticket except to correct some great wrong. It ought to be cause for defeat when one on a repub- lican or democratic ticket seeks for the endorsement of the opposition. In the old states, where party pride is at par, one would be removed from a ticket, should he seek thus to advance himself above his fellows. He simply becomes a neutral, and is a load rather than a help to the ticket. The motives of those who scratch, are also closely scrutinized, and personal interests are never recognized as a good reason for betraying the party.
"The motives of the democratic electors generally are as pure as those of any other class, but until there is organization and pride in organization, and an honest contention for party principles the democratic party can not be a factor for good in this state. In the present campaign they have given up all the ground they have ever gained. They have gone out of business. They have made it impossible for a single democrat in North Dakota to vote for Grover Cleveland, or for the prin- ciples which are supposed to be dear to every democratic heart. They have robbed Judge O'Brien, of the strength and enthusiasm of democratic associates on a state and national ticket, and have left him to contend alone, and are out on a sneak for a United States senatorship, which they can never gain, unless republicans forget their duty to the nation in their contention for personal interests. The United States Senate has five republican majority. The democratic gerrymander in New York sustained elects a democrat in place of Hiscock. Wisconsin is now reaching its third gerrymander, the other two having been knocked out by the courts, in order to defeat Sawyer, and the loss of a republican senator in North Dakota, will give the Senate to the democrats. Misguided indeed must be the republican heart which will sacrifice republican principles and republican supremacy for purely personal interests. Don't do it. Stand by your party, and by its principles, and do your reforming within party lines."
In the present day there may be need of a third party to prevent or take advantage of party demoralization ; and if that party stands on the broad princi- ples of the proposed American Creed, it will stand for God and country and for the United States flag ; and every man in it, if he be a true American, will be ready to salute its folds with the spoken vow first suggested by Colonel George F. Balch in 1891, for use in the public schools of New York, adopted by the American Flag Vol. I-41
634
EARLY HISTORY OF NORTH DAKOTA
Association, by the Grand Army of the Republic and all patriotic bodies, exacted in the Army and Navy and fervently uttered by the millions in the public schools.
"I pledge allegiance to my Flag, and to the Republic for which it stands; One Nation, indivisible ; With Liberty and Justice for all."
CONCLUSION
This work represents research of nearly thirty years. The limit of time and space has been reached. From a mass of rare and precious historic material, the chief gems have been selected and offered in concise form. To the remainder, still rich in future value, I must bid adieu.
February 27, 1919.
THE AUTHOR.
INDEX
Adams, I. C., first church organizer, VIII Adams, Rev. Moses N. Indian agent and missionary, 247, 248, 284, 327
Administration, U. S. opposed to Division of Dakota, 374
Admission to Union, four new states, 375 Agard, Louis, pioneer and interpreter, 235
Agricultural experiment farm at Mandan, 436
Ah-Kee-pah's rebuke, Minnesota massacre, 199
Albright, Samuel L., Sioux Falls, pioneer and editor, 211-215
Allen, Alvaren, Minnesota Stage Co. and Red River mail, 352
Allen, James M., Sioux Falls, pioneer, 217- 222, 279, 280
Allin, Roger, Gov., state financial troubles, 428
Alsop Bros. and steamer "Alsop", 155
Amendments to Constitution-twenty (20), 415
American Board of Foreign Missions-ac- tivities among the Sioux, 247
American Flag- story of, 25-57
American Fur Company, 156, 158, 162-3, 167- 8, 170, 172, 178-9, 181, 186, 195
American traders, claims against the Sioux, 192-195
Amidon, Beulah, Saka-Ka-wca statue, 75
Amidon, father and son, Sioux massacre vic- tims, 207, 216, 217, 222
Amidon, Judge Charles F., comment on codes of Dakota, 448
Anderson, Capt. Joseph, frontier freighter, 202
"Anson Northup" steamer first on Red River, 154
Apportionment for legislature, 403
Apple Creek and battle of, 236-291-293-294- 295
Archambault Louis, pioneer Missouri River, 235 Arikara Villages, 60, 61, 76, 160, 163, 167, 177
Armstrong, Moses K., pioneer, surveyor, legislator, delegate to congress, 227, 228-9, 238, 263, 279, 280-2, 287, 382
Ashley, Gen. William H., Indian trader, 89, 158, 159, 163, 164, 165
Ashley's Fort, Mouth of Yellowstone, 165 Assiniboine, Red River traffic, 22
"Assiniboine," steamer, upper Missouri, 173, 177, 291
Astor, John Jacob, fur trader, 90, 91
Atkinson, Edward G., postmaster Fort Pierre, 1855, 223
Atkinson, Gen. Henry, Indian treaties of 1825, 164, 165, 166
Audubon, John James, ornithologist, guest at Fort Union, 171, 181
Authors of compiled Dakota codes, 449, 452 Ayllon, Lucas Vasquez de, explorer, kidnaps Indian guests, 135
Bacon, Lieutenant John A., protects Sioux Falls settlers (Sioux massacre, 1862), 217 Bad Lands, refuge and hunting grounds, 85, 86, 254, 255, 256, 303, 309
Baer, John M., Member Congress, 446, 608, 609
Ball, John, surveyor, 227, 228
Bangs, T. R., attorney, 432
Banks, list of, 1915, 550-553
Banning, Richard, frontiersman, 233
Barber, Amherst W., surveyor, 228, 229, 246
Barnard, Rev. Alonzo, missionary,-first Da- kota printing press, 211, 617, 625
Barnes County organized, 527
Barnes, George S., early settler, manager N. P. elevator company, 365
Barry, D. F., Indian photographs, 420
Bass, Max, immigration agent, 350 BATTLES:
The First Encounter, 1620 (Illustration) 4 Virginia uprising, 1622-1644, 190, 191
Pequot war, 1642, 191
Hackensack uprising, 1642, 191
King Philip's war, 1675, 5
Swamp fight (illustration), 4
Border wars, 1629-1714, 8
Tuscarora war, 1710-1715, II
Uprising in the Carolinas, 1715, 12
Braddock's defeat, 1755, 13
Fort William Henry massacre, 1757, 191
Cherokee war, 1759-1761, 13
Wyoming massacre, 1778, 192
An old battlefield, 1790, 83 Surrender of Vincennes, 1779, 100
Tippecanoe, 1811, 100
War of 1812, 117
Lake Erie, 1813, 121
New Orleans, 1815, 57, 127
Seven Oaks, 1816, 96
Arikara attack on the traders, 1823, 159
Seminole or Creek war, 1817, 1835, 1842, 106, III
Massacre Lt. Grattan and his men (1855), 211, 212
Blue Water or Ash Hollow, 1855, 214 Spirit Lake massacre, 1857, 244
Minnesota massacre, 1862, 190, 208
635
636
INDEX
Birch Coulee, 1862, 202, 206
Massacre of miners on gold-laden mac- kinaw, 1863, 292
Big Mound, Buffalo and Stony Lake, 290
Bad Lands or Little Missouri, 308
Killdeer Mountain, 296, 300, 301
White Stone Hills, 294
Red Butte (Fisk expedition), 304 Apple Creek, 299
Massacre, Fort Phil Kearney (Colonel Fet- terman's command), 1866, 306, 311
Custer's last fight, Little Big Horn, 312
Big Meadow, 1876 (Oscar Ward's story), 518
Wounded Knee, 1890, 255
Death of Sitting Bull, 1890, 254
Battleship North Dakota and silver, 436
Beadle, William H. H., surveyor, educator, school land protector, 228, 628, 629
Beardsley, George G., surveyor, 228, 334, 365 Beever, Lt. Fred J. H., death at battle Apple Creek, 291, 293, 299, 300
Belcourt, Rev. George Anthony, 152
Belknap, Maj. Gen. W. W., Secretary of War, 314
Bennett, Granville G., biographic notes, 383
Benton, Miss Jessie, 210
Benton, Thomas H., U. S. Senator, 210
Berthold, Bartholomew, 188
Berthold, Fort, 188
Berthold Indian agency, 314
Bigfire, Peter, Indian preacher, 243, 246
Big Meadow, battle of, 518, 519
Big Foot, ghost-dance exponent, 252, 253, 255
Big Sioux County (now Minnehaha, S. D.) organized, 215
Big Sioux Indian settlement, 246
Bijou Hills, 221
Bird Woman (Sa-ka-ka-wea), 70, 71, 74, 75 Bismarck, first Legislature, 372
Bismarck, the Capital, VIII, 63, 150, 167, 228, 293, 299, 312, 316. 32.1, 333, 335, 370, 371.
373, 374, 375, 378, 388, 404, 418, 507, 540, 615
Bismarck, Ladies Historical Society, 541 Bismarck Land Office, 227
Bismarck post-office (Mrs. Slaughter), 505, 508
Bismarck Townsite (formerly Edwinton), 332, 335, 336, 337
Bismarck Tribune, VIII, 313, 316, 317, 325, 483
Blue Sky Law, 436
Black Hills, gold discovery, given to Asso- ciated press, 313, 314
Blanding, J. W., surveyor, 228
Blakely, Captain Russell (Red River mail and transportation), 149, 351, 354. 355
Boller, Henry, trader and author, 188
Bonds issued under Gov. White, contest on, 429
Bootlegging declared a crime, 473
Boswell, Mrs. W. C., first church organiza- tion, viii, 236
Bottineau, Charles, voyageur, interpreter, farmer, 149, 232, 234, 235, 236
Bottineau, Jean B., lawyer, 236. 322, 326
Bottineau, Marie (now Mrs. Baldwin) law- yer, 236 Bottineau, Pierre, 235, 236
Bramble, Downer T., Yankton postmaster, trader, 223, 226, 279, 285
Bridger, James, frontiersman, 235, 308
Briggs, F. A., Gov., administration and death, 429
British flag, origin and history, 23, 47, 78, 80, 89, III, 123, 126, 127
British traders, 62, 71, 78, 80,/88, 89, 143, 151, 152, 160, 165, 229
Brookings, Wilmot W., founding Sioux Falls, 215, 222, 275, 280 Brown, Maj. Joseph R., trader, soldier, 37, 202, 203, 265
Brown, Samuel J., Indian captive, agent, interpreter, 37, 192
Brownson, Harry, knew Sa-ka-ka-wea, 74 Bruce, E. A. Justice, sketch of, 464
Budge's "Tavern," 501
Budge, William, pioneer, 315, 356, 361, 501, 518, 519
Buell, C. J., single taxer, unsupported, 412 Buffalo Bill (William F. Cody), 34, 254, 521 "Buffalo Republic" and buffalo hunting, 20, 32, 37, 172, 230, 238, 513, 515
Buffalo herds crossing, blockade Missouri river, 37
Buffalo, the last great hunt, 38
Burke, A. H., administration as governor (died at Roswell, N. M., Nov. 17, 1918), 425
Burke, John, Governor (U. S. Treasurer), administration, 432
Burbank station (now Moorhead), 232
Burleigh County, pioneers, VIII, 54I
Burleigh, Walter A., M. C., 170, 288, 382
Burlington (Red River) Townsite, 352
Burnham, Captain J. W., story of Sully's campaign, '1864, 297, 299
Camo Greene, "at or near Bismarck," 335. 3.38
Camp Hancock (Bismarck), 552
Canfield, Thomas H., N. P. R. R. and town- site promoter, 331, 332, 333, 335
Capital Commission created, 370. 371
Capital Dakota Territory located, 281
Capitol reconstruction, 43I
Carland, Major John, 240
Carland, John E., judge, 240
Carnahan, John M., telegrapher, 316, 325
Car-tour with Dakota products, 375
Casey and Carrington, extensive farming, 339, 340
Casey, Lyman R., U. S. Senator, 441
Cash and land offered for capital location, 371
Cavileer, Charles, first permanent white set- tler, 229, 257, 258, 356, 503, 515
Cavileer, Mrs., story, aristocracy of the plains, 150, 15I
Canada invaded, Indian refugees kidnapped, 520
Catholic church, mission and schools estah- lished, 97, 607-14
Catholic church founded, chap. xxxIx, 612
Catholic mission, Devils Lake, 611
Cattle investors, Roosevelt and others, 538, 539
Ceded Indian lands in unorganized territory, 224
Chain of American posts, 7, 102, 167, 210 Chain of French posts, 8, 9, 99
637
INDEX
Chippewa Indians, 21, 152, 231
Christianson, A. M., Justice, sketch of, 464 Church organization for prohibition, 471, 472
Clarkson, Bishop, Robert, 411, 412
Cochrane, John M., Justice, sketch of, 462 Codes of states compared, 448
Codification of North Dakota laws, authors of, 449, 452
Cody, Kelly, Elder, buffalo hunters, 521, 523 Cody, William F. (Buffalo Bill), 34, 254, 523
Cold storage experiment at Medora, 539
Columbia Fur Company, 146, 147, 163, 167, 170, 366
Commission of 14 to adjust state property and debts, 409, 410
Colter, John, a race for life, 168
Compilation of laws, history of, 449, 452
Congress, control over territories, 369
Congress delays action on two states, 372 "Conquest of the Missouri," J. M. Hanson's book, 37
Constitutional convention for North Dakota, 387-395
Constitutional convention, officers and action, 392, 395
Constitution, North Dakota, authorship of, 398
Constitution of U. S., an essential condition, 388
Constitution, ratified ; proclaimed a state by Pres. Harrison, Nov. 2, 1889, 415
Contest for Division before Congress, 16 years, 370
Corliss, G. C. H., first Supreme Court Jus- tice, 400
Corliss, Justice, sketch of, 460
Corporations, under new state, 403
Cost of institutions, resisted by South Da- kota, 373
Counsel defending Yankton's suit, 371
County names, their origin, 496, 500
County list, with 455 post offices in 1889, 384, 386
Court, first term in Dakota Territory, 212
Court, supreme, regulations for, 454, 456
Creed of the Americans (Roosevelt), 631
Creswell, Rev. R. L., story of missionary work, 218
Curtis, William E., writer and buffalo-hunter, 39
Custer, Gen. George A., VIII, 313, last fight, 317-324
Dakota, in the land of, 209
the first newspaper, 21I
Fort Pierre established as military post, 213 christened, 216 proclaimed a territory, 221 first Post Office, 222 pioneers of, 224-237 created a territory, 263, 266 territory organized. 275
capital located at Yankton, 281
capitol commission, and change to Bis- marck, 370, 371, 372, 374 bonds and indebtedness. '22
citizenship, qualification for, 277 in Congress, 279, 382
post offices, 1889, by counties, 384 first land surveys, 227
first homestead entries, 228, 229 judicial districts, 277
Indian agents and traders, 1872, 284 Dalrymple, Oliver, farms, 333, 527
Daniels, Jared W., Indian agent and church organizer, 246, 327
Davit, Patrick, Fargo pioneer, 334
Debts, bonded, of N. and S. Dakota, 422
Defeat of Spencer's lottery scheme from
Louisiana, by Governor Miller, 424, 425
Deming, Capt. Edward W., noted artist, 260 Delegates to Congress from Dakota Terri- tory, 384
Delegates to Constitutional Convention, 387- 393
Devine, J. M. Lt. Gov., succeeds Briggs, 429 Dixon, Dr. Joseph E., expedition to the American Indians, 260
De Smet, Father Peter J., missionary, 250- 257
Dickey, Samuel A., trader, first postmaster Bismarck, 312
Devils Lake, 20, 21, 36, 106, 152, 154, 231 Dickinson, 296, 300, 30I
Dickson, Robert, 79
Distillery, Fort Union, 179
Division and admission, 369, 370, 373, 387
Division of state assets, by commission, 408, 411
Discussions on new systems, 402, 412
Douglas, H. F., first church organization, VIII
Douglas, Thomas, Earl of Selkirk, 93, 94, 95, 96, 105
Draft of Constitution revised, printed, 414
Draper, Mrs. Charles E. V., VIII
Dubuque, settlers at Sioux Falls, 216
Duties of legislature, 424
Durant, Blakely, original "Old Shady," 500, 512
Eagle Help, first Indian to read and write Sioux language, 242
Eagle, Tames Holding, inspects Sa-Ka-Ka Wea statue, 75
Farliest settled location, 369
Eastman John, native preacher and artist, 249
Edge, William, first Red River valley school- teacher, 549
Eddy, E. B., pioneer banker, 548
Edgerton, Judge A. J., decides Commission illegal, 371
Edgerton's decision reversed, 372
Edmunds, . Newton, pioneer Dakotan and Governor, 275, 287
Edwards, Major Alanson W., editor, super- intendent Census (picture), 398
Edwinton (now Bismarck), 332, 335
Election, U. S. Senators, 422, 423
Elevators and sites, compulsory, 609
Elk Point, settlement of, 220
Ellsworth, Col., witnesses to his murder, 1861, 508
Elm River, N. K. Hubbard's sure tip, 365 Elmer, Rev. Oscar H., pioneer preacher, 618 Emmons, Capt. James A., pioneer merchant, 294, 314, 522
Emmons, Mrs. Nina, first Bismarck bride, 522, 541, 542
638
INDEX
Enabling act for new state, 387
Engerud, Edward, Justice, sketch of, 463
Executive department, how exercised, 422
Fargo, N. P. R. R. crossing, Red River founded, VIII, 228, 233, 312, 327, 332, 339, 371
Fargo named, 334
Farmers' Non-partisan League, 603
"Far West" steamer, carries wounded of Custer's command, VIII, 316, 320, 324, 325, 326
Field, D. D., Jurist, P. C. Shannon's eulogy, 447
Finch, Mickie, a frontier incident, 169
First farming in Dakota, 41
suggestion of North Dakota for name of state, 41
child, born to slave parent, 42
child born to white parents, 42
family names in Turtle Mountains, 47
U. S. volunteer infantry (Confederate prisoners of war), 188
public school-house, 219 cabin home, at Yankton, 225
Dakota post offices, 222
surveys of public land, 227
land office and land entries, 228
white settlement (Pembina), 229
flour mill (Walhalla), 233
settlement near Fargo, 233 farms in Red River valley, 234
stage, Red River valley, 352
newspaper established, 483, 485
Regiment North Dakota Infantry, 577, 600 protestant church organized, 615
Fisher, John W., church organization, VIII, 615 Fisk, C. J., Justice, sketch of, 462
Fisk, Capt. James L., Idaho expedition, 304, 306
Flandrau, Judge, Charles E., et al., organized Dakota Land Co., 215, 265
Flag of U. S. hoisted at Fort Mandan, 64 Flood calamity, along Missouri river, 376 Fontenelle, Lucien, fur trader, 163 to 174 Forbes, Wm. H., Indian agent, 284
Fort Abercrombie, established, battle of, 201, 218, 219, 258, 338, 352
Abraham Lincoln, 237, 312, 325, 337
Atkinson (later Berthold), 188
Berthold, located, battle of, 84, 88, 189, 235, 248
Buford, 172, 178, 303, 312, 314, 321, 325, 329
Clark, early trading post, 74, 162, 168, 174, 178, 183, 186, 187, 235, 236, 238
Daer (Selkirk's at Pembina), 96
Douglas (Selkirk settlement), 95, 96, 97, 145
Garry (Winnipeg), 149, 151, 211, 229,-292, 352, 353, 354
Mandan (Lewis and Clark's), 64, 70, 71 Mortimer (Buford), 179
Orleans (Grand River), occupants massa- cred, 156
Panbian (Pembina), 31
Pembina, 31, 40, 42 to 46, 49, 50, 51, 107, 329, 366
Pierre, 155, 167, 168, 171, 173, 209, 213, 214, 220, 223, 237 Ransom, 543
Rice, 223, 295, 304, 305, 312, 313, 314, 329, 337
Seward (Jamestown), 528
Stevenson, 188, 189, 303, 312
Sully, 213, 248, 295
Totten, 238, 239, 240, 313, 366 Union (now Mondak), 167, 171 to 174, 177 to 180, 180 to 187, 292
Wadsworth, in the buffalo country, 36, 246, 247, 304, 306
William (Buford), 178, 179, 180
Yates (Standing Rock Agency), 150, 254 Fox, Livingston and Co., traders, 168-179, 185, 186
Frazier, Governor Lynn J., sketch of life, 605
Freeman, Lieut., killed by Indians, 297
"Freighter" steamer transferred from Min- nesota to Red river, 155
Frost. Todd & Company, 218, 225, 264
Fur trade, 15, 156, 167, 168, 170 to 178, 193, 264
Galpin, Major, Charles E., early trader, 213, 216, 218, 222, 237, 238, 289
Georgetown, Hudson Bay trading Post, Red River, 232, 234, 352, 353, 365
Gerard, Frederick F., early trader, 236, 238, 292, 316, 318
Ghent, treaty of, 130
Gifford, Oscar S., biographic notes, 384, 565 Gold in the grass-roots, 313
Gold in murdered miner's mackinaw, 202
Goose river, where Charlo balked-buffalo herds, 29, 154
Gore, Mahlon, editor, first Dakota homestead entryman, 220, 228, 288
Governor compelled to audit accounts, 426 Grading and inspection of wheat, political issue, 604
Grand Army pledge in public schools, 634
Grand Forks, VIII, 26, 29, 30, 33, 43, 44, 49, 155, 228, 238, 315, 340, 354, 365, 366 .
Grand Forks County, 524
Grand Forks University and school of mines, 566
Grand Jury system abolished, 424
Grandin farms, 333
Grant, Orville, controlled Indian traderships, 507
Great Northern Railroad, history of, 340 to 355 Great Sioux reservation, 313, 327
Griffin, Ed., early settler, Red River valley, 233, 358, 359
Griggs, Captain Alex, founder of Grand Forks, 155, 354, 355, 357, 360, 390
Gronna, A. J., Senator, sketch of, 443
Hackett, Edmond, townsite contestant, Bis- marck, 336
Haggart, Hon. John E., Fargo pioneer, 334 Haight, Aug., tells of murder of Col. Ells- worth, Alexandria, 508
Half-blood element, buffalo, etc., 513 to 515 Hall, Rev. C. L., missionary Berthold In- dians, 248
Hall, J. B., pioneer publisher, 487
Hall, Thomas, secretary of state, 452
Hamilton, John G., Indian agent, lawyer, compiler of codes and history, 248, 392, 393, 450, 452
639
INDEX
Hannafin, Dennis, pioneer, 337, 483 Hanson, Major Joseph R., 263
Hanson, Joseph Mills, historic and poetic writer, 37 Hanna, Gov. L. B., administration, 434-435 Hansbrough, H. C., Senator, sketch of, 442 Harrison, Ben., Senator, long fight for Da- kota, 372
Harrison, President, helped Dakota Division and concord, 374
Harney's expedition, 213, 214
Harvey, Premeau & Company, traders, 167, 172, 178
Helgesen, H. T., sketch of, 444
by Hendrickson, murder case, sentence Judge Pollock, 477
Henry, Alexander, trader, 18 to 31, 40 to 52, 148, 154, 234
Henry, Andrew, trader (Ashley & Henry), 158, 163, 164
Hill, James J. (Great Northern Railroad builder), 18, 40, 155, 229, 278, 240 to 355 Historical Society, ladies, 541
Holes, James, pioneer farmer, 334
Homestead Law and land entries, 228, 264 Hudson's Bay Company, 8, 17, 18, 30, 40, 44, 46, 49, 70, 81, 89, 93 to 98, 103, 145, 149, 152, 153, 155, 159, 173, 352, 354
Hunting and trapping, 26, 27, 28, 32 to 39, 147, 158, 174, 238
Immigration, board of, defeated, 429 Illegal acquirement of U. S. land, 536 Indians murder missionary women, Joseph, 625
St.
Indian women's clubs, 86
Immel, Michael, Robert Jones, and five other trappers, killed by Indians, 158
Iron Heart, Sioux chief, 1862, 238
Indians, first encounter with Pilgrims, 1620, 4 Logan and Lord Dunsmore, 5
Virginia uprising, 1622-1644, 190, 19I
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