USA > New Hampshire > A gazetteer of the state of New-Hampshire by John Farmer and Jacob B. Moore ; embellished with an accurate map of the state, and several other engravings by Abel Bowen > Part 23
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patience and all the social virtues. Hon. MATTHEW THORNTON,one' of the signers of the Declaration of American Independence, resided many years in this town .- He died while on a visit at Newburyport, June 24, 1803, at the age of 89. He was a member of the first con- gress, and many years a judge of the superior court of N. H. a rep- resentative, senator and counsellor, and sustained other important offi- ces. For a memoir of him, see Historical Collections for 1822,page' 87-91. Pop. 1162.
MERRYMEETING bay, an arm of the Winnepisiogee lake, extends about 1800 rods into the town of Alton, and is 27 miles from the nav- igable waters of the Pascataqua. See Alton:
MERRYMEETING pond. See New-Durham.
MIDDLETON, post-town,in Straf- ford co. lat. 43º 29/, is bounded N. by Brookfield, E. by Wakefield, S. by Milton, and W. by New-Dur- ham, comprising 9,840 acres. It is a very level township, having 'no high ground except a part of Moose mountain, which separates it from Brookfield. There are no rivers nor ponds ; the soil is rocky .; the growth of wood ; chiefly hemlock and spruce, with some maple and beech. There are 3 schools, and a meeting house. Rev. Nehemiah Ordway, graduated at Harvard col- lege in 1764, was settled here in 1778, remained a few years, and was dismissed. Elder William Buzzell, a free-will baptist, is the only preacher. Middleton was in- corporated March 4, 1778. The first settlers were from Lee and Rochester. Pop. 482.
MILFORD, a post-town in Hills- borough county, in lat. 42º 59', is bounded N. by Mont-Vernon and Lyndeborough, E. by Amherst, S.
by Hollis and Brookline, W. by Mason and Wilton, containing 15,- 402 acres. It is 2 1-2 miles from Amherst, 31 from Concord, and 47 from Boston. Milford lies on both sides of Souhegan river, which runs through the town from W. to E. forming a rich meadow, or inter- val, from 1-4 to 1-2 a mile wide. The banks of this river are annual- ly overflowed, by which means, the soil, which is black and deep, is much enriched. The forest trees are, on the river, elm, walnut, but- ternut, &c .; on the highlands, white, red and black oak, chesnut, white and yellow pine, maple, hemlock, &c. This town has excellent wat- er privileges. There is a valuable factory in the village, containing 844 spindles. There are fine or- chards, and fruit of an excellent quality and flavor is produced .--- Sixty two bushels of apples have been gathered from one tree the same season. The village, pleas- antly situated on both sides of the river, contains two meeting-houses, one ou each side, one school-house 2 factory buildings, 51 dwelling houses, 3 stores, post-office, &c .-- Milford was formerly known as the S. W. parish of Amherst. It was incorporated Jan. 11, 1794, and in- cludes what was anciently called, the Mile Slip and Duxbury school farm: Eighty families were detach- ed from Amherst and several from Hollis,when it was incorporated .- The first settlers were John Burns, William Peabody, Benjamin Hop- kins, Caleb Jones,Nathan Hutchin- son, Andrew Bradford and others, whose descendants are numerous and respectable. Capt. Josiah Crosby and William Wallace were among the early settlers. The former, a revolutionary officer, died Oct. 15, 1793, aged 63 ; the latter in 1791, aged 73. There are two re-
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ligious societies. The congregation- alchurchwasembodied in 1788,con- sisting of 19 members. Rev. Hum- phrey Moore was ordained Oct. 13, 1802. The baptist church, consist- ing of 28 members, was constituted Sept. 5, 1809. It now contains a- bout 100 members. The baptist society have a very neat and· hand- some meeting house, erected in 1816. Pop. 1243.
MILTON, post-town, Strafford co. in lat. 43º 26', is bounded N. W. by Middleton and Wakefield, E. by Salmon Fall river, separating it from Maine, S. W. by Farmington, and contains about 25,000 acres .- The Salmon Fall river washes its whole E. boundary, a distance of 13 miles; and a branch of the same river crosses from the S. part of Wakefield, and unites near the centre of the E. boundary. Tene- riffe, a bold and rocky mountain, extends along the E. part of Milton, near which lies Milton pond,of con- siderable size, connecting with the Salmon Fall river. This town was formerly a part of Rochester, from which it was detached, and incor- porated June 11, 1802. There is a meeting-house here, but no settled minister. Pop. 1232.
MILLSFIELD, Coos county, is an uninhabited township, in lat. 44° 43', 7 miles W. of Umbagog lake, and about 35 N. from the White mountains. It is bounded N. by Dixville, E. by Errol, S. by Dummer, W. by Ervin's location and ungranted lands. Clear stream waters its N. extremity, and Phil- lip's river with several small streams the other parts. Here are several ponds, the largest is about 300 rods long, 140 wide. Millsfield was granted March 1, 1774, to George Boyd and 81 others ; and was na- med after Sir Thomas Mills, a
grantee. It contains an area of 23,- |200 acres.
MOHAWK river, in Coos county, has its source among the mountains of Dixville, and in its W. course through Colebrook, receives some considerable branches from Stew- artstown, among which is Beaver brook. It passes into the Connec- ticut below the centre of Cole- brook.
MONADNOCK mountain, usually called the Grand Monadnock, is situated in the towns of Jaffrey and Dublin, in Cheshire county, about 22 miles E. from Connecticut river, and 10 N. of the southern bounda- ry of this state. The direction of the ridge is N. E. and S. W. The mountain is about 5 miles long from N. to S. and 3 miles from E. to W. Its base, according to Judge Win- throp's observations made in 1780,is 1395 feet,and its summit 3254 feet above the level of the sea. Ac- cording to Professor Dana, who vis- ited the mountain in 1816, its base is 1452.5, and its summit is 3450 above the level of the sea. The mountain is composed of talc, mi- ca, slate, distinctly stratified. Gar- net, schorl, feldspar and quartz oc- cur in various parts. On the E. side, plumbago is found in large quantities. Crucibles and pencils bave been manufactured from it, but for the latter, it proves not ve- ry good. The summit, when scen at a distance of 4 or 5 miles, appears rounded and destitute of those high cliffs and mural precipices belonging to granitic mountains. The prospect from the pinnacle is very extensive ; thirty ponds of fresh water, some of which are so large as to contain isl- lands of 8 or 10 acres, may be seen from it, in the immediate vicinity. Near the base of themountain,is the "Monadnock Mineral Spring." See Jaffrey.
R2
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MONT-VERNON, a pleasant ele- vated township in Hillsborough county, in lat. 42°,53', is bounded N. by New-Boston, E. by Amherst, S. by Amherst and Milford and W. by Lyndeborough, containing 7,975 acres. It is three miles,N. W. from Amherst, 28 from Concord and 50 from Boston. There is but one stream of any note, and this is but small : it rises near the north part of Mont-Vernon, and runs through' Amherst near the E. extremity of the plain and empties into Souhe- gan river in the S. part of Amherst. That part of this stream near the mouth was called by the Indians Quohquinapassakessanannagnog .- The soil here does not materially differ from that of the circumjacent towns. The forest trees are maple, beech, birch, white and red oak. The situation is elevated, and to- wards the E. and . S. E. there is a considerable prospect. There is a pleasant village situated near the highest point of elevation, having a congregational meeting house, 22 dwelling houses, three stores, &c. The 2d N. H. turnpike passes through this village. There is a social library. This town was originally a part of Amherst, from which it was detached and incorpo- rated Dec. 15,1803. Its settlement commenced soon after that of Am- herst. Isaac Smith, aged 91, and Jonathan Lampson, aged 90, two of the early inhabitants, died here in 1807 and 1815. A congregational church was formed in 1780. Rev. John Bruce, who graduated at Dart- mouth College in 1781,was ordain- ed Nov. 23, 1785; died March 12, 1809, aged 52. . Rev. Stephen Chapin, who graduated at Harvard college in 1804, was installed Nov. 15, 1809. Having espoused bap- tist sentiments, he was dismissed in Nov. 1818. Rev. Ebenezer" miles from E. to W., between Red
||Cheever, who graduated at Bow- doin college in 1817,ordained Dec. 8, 1819; was dismissed April 8,1823. Dr.DANIEL ADAMS, who commen. ced and conducted the Medical and Agricultural Register, and is author of a popular system of Arithmetic, school geography, and a number of useful school books, has his resi- dence in this place. Pop. 729.
MOOSEHILLOCK or MOOSHE- LOCK, is a noble and lofty emi- nence in the S. E. part of Cov- entry, and ranks among the highest mountains in New-England. The altitude of the N. peak above tide water, as estimated by Capt. Par- tridge from barometrical observa- tions, is 4636 feet-that of the S. peak is 4536 feet. Baker's river has its source on its eastern side.
MOOSE, the name of a mountain situated between Middleton and Brookfield, and also of the moun- tain in Hanover. : See Brookfield and Hanover.
MOOSE river has its rise on the N. side of the White Mountains near Durand, through which it pas- ses, and unites with the Ameristog- gin in Shelburne. , Its source is very near that of Israel's river, which passes W. into Connecti- cut.
MORIAH, an elevated peak of the White Mountains, situated- in the S. part of Shelburne.
MOULTONBOROUGH, post-town- ship, Strafford county, in lat. 43º 44/, is situated on the N. W. shore of Winnepisiogee lake, bounded N. by Sandwich and Tamworth, N. E. by Ossipee, S.E. by Tuftonborough, and W. by Centre-Harbor and Squam lake. This town is broken by mountains and, ponds. Red Hill, lying wholly within this town, commands notice from the E., S. and W .; and extends about 3"
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Hill river on the N., Great Squam]i. Moultonborough. The soil of this town is fruitful, though in some parts rocky. The E. winds falling over Ossipee mountain are fre- quently destructive and always vio- lent. The N. W. winds falling over Red Hill are also violent, and frequently do much damage. Moul- tonboroughi was granted by the Ma- sonian proprietors, Nov. 17, 1763, to Col. Jonathan Moulton and 61 others, principally from Hampton. Settlements commenced in 1764,by Ezekiel Moulton and a few others, and in the following year others joined them. The first house for public worship was erected in 1773, and was blown down by an E. wind in Dec. 1819. March 12, 1777, a congregational church was embod- ied, and in Oct. 1778, Rev. Samuel Perley was ordained, but continued only a few months. Rev. Jeremi- ah Shaw, from Hampton, who grad- uated at Harvard college in 1767, at the age of 20,was ordained Nov. 17, 1779. In 1816, his civil con- tract with the town was annulled ; yet he still preaches to his church, and people. He is one of the old- est clergymen in N.H.,andduring his ministry has solemnized more than 400 marriages. Many Indian im- plements and relics have been found indicating this to have been once their favorite residence. In 1820, on a small island in the Winnepis- iogee, was found a curious gun·bar- rel much worn by age and rust, di- vested of its stock, enclosed in the body of a pitch pine tree 16 inches in diameter .. Its butt rested on a flat rock, its muzzle elevated about 30°. In 1819,a small dirk 1 1-2 feet in length from the point to the end of the hilt, round blade, was found in a new field one foot under ground, bearing strong marks of antiquity. On the line of Tuftonborough, on on the W., Great Squam and Long pond on the S., terminating S. E. by a neck of fine land extending into the Winnepisiogee. Its sum- mit is covered with the uvœ ursi and low blueberry bush, which in autumn give the hill a reddish hue, from which circumstance its name was probably derived. A number of oval bluffs rise on its summit from each of which the prospect on either hand is extensive and de- lightful. The N. bluff is supposed to consist of a body of iron ore. Slight attempts have been made upon the mass, and the results indi- cate that an effectual attempt would develope a very rich and valuable bed of ore. Bog ore is found in a brook descending from this bluff. Ossipee mountain extends its base into this town, and is a command- ing elevation. On the S. part of this mountain, in Moultonborough, is a mineral chalybeate spring, the waters strongly impregnated with iron and sulphur, and efficacious in cutaneous eruptions. About a mile N. is a spring of pure cold water, 16 feet in diameter, through the centre of which the water, com taining a small portion of fine white sand, is constantly thrown up to the height of two feet-the spring fur- nishing water sufficient for mills. On the stream nearly a mile below is a beautiful waterfall of 70 feet perpendicular. Descending on the left of this fall,a cave is found, con- taining charcoal and other eviden- ces of il having been a hiding place for the Indians. Red Hill river originates in Sandwich, and passes through this town into the Winnepisiogee. Long pond is a beautiful sheet of water, and con- nects with the lake by a channel 60 rods in length. Squam and Winnepisiogee lakes lie partly in the shore of the lake, at the mouth
1
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of Melvin river, a gigantic skeleton was found about 15 years since buried in a sandy soil, apparently that of a man more than seven feet high-the jaw bones easily pass- ing over the face of a large man. A tumulus has been discovered on a piece of newly cleared land, of the length and appearance of a human grave, and handsomely rounded with small stones, not found in this part of the country ; which stones are too closely placed to be separ- ated by striking an ordinary blow with a crow-bar, and bear marks of being a composition. The Ossipee tribe of Indians once resided in this vicinity, and some years since a tree was standing in Moultonbor- ough, on which was carved in hie- roglyphics the history of their ex- peditions. Pop. 1279.
N.
NARMARCUNGAWACK, a branch of the Ameriscoggin, rises in the township of Success, and unites with the main stream in Pauls- burgh.
NASH AND SAWYER'S LOCA- TION, in the county of Coos, lat. 44º 13', is a tract of 2184 acres, granted May 20, 1773, to Timothy Nash and Benjamin Sawyer, for their labor and expense in explor- ing a route through the White Mountains. The pass through the notch, the only route by which the inhabitants beyond the mountains, can reach the eastern settlements, without a great circuit, was known to the Indians ; but to the people of New-Hampshire it was either unknown, or they had forgotten it. Nash made the discovery, and after- wards admitted Sawyer to a share of the benefits. They were both hunters, and the property was of little service to them. This tract is bounded N. by Bretton Woods,
E. by the White Mountains, S. by Chadbourne and Hart's Location, W. by lands ungranted. Pop. 22. NASH's stream, a branch of the Upper Amonoosuck, has its sourc- es in Stratford and the lands E., and unites with the river in the N. W. part of Piercy.
NASHUA river,a beautiful stream in the S. part of Hillsborough coun- ty, has its source in Worcester county, Mass. It is formed of two branches called the N. and S. bran- ches. The N. branch is formed of two streams,one from Ashburnham, the other from Wachuset pond .- The S. branch is composed of Still river, issuing from the E. side of Wachuset mountain, and a small stream from Quinepoxet pond in Holden. These branches are unit- ed in Lancaster, from which the main river proceeds in a N. E. course to Harvard, Shirley, Groton, and Pepperell in Mass. ; and from thence into N. H. through Hollis, and nearly the centre of Dunstable, where it falls into Merrimack riv- er.
NASHUA village, on the preced- ing river, in Dunstable, is 11 miles from Amherst, 36 from Boston, and 32 from Concord. It is a place of considerable business, being situa- ted near the Merrimack river, and on the great road from Amherst to Boston, and on the road mostly travelled by teams from Concord to Boston. Its location is pleasant, and it has a number of handsome buildings.
NELSON,post-township,in Chesh- ire county, in lat. 42º 59', is bound- ed N. by Stoddard, E. by Antrim and Hancock, S. by Dublin, W. by Roxbury and Sullivan, containing 22,875 acres, being 40 miles from Concord. This town is situated on the height of land between Con- necticut and Merrimack rivers.
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The surface is hilly, but good for | tile hills, productive vales, and grazing. The streams are small. In the S. part, a branch of Ashue- lot river rises, and from Long pond in this town and Hancock, issues a branch of Contoocook river. The best mill privileges are furnished by streams, issuing from ponds in this town, of which there are four, containing a surface of 1800 acres. There is a cotton factory, in which property to the amount of $10,000 is invested. The principal articles of produce are beef,pork,butter and cheese. The inhabitants are prin- cipally farmers of industrious hab- its. This town was originally called' Monadnock No. 6. It was granted by the Masonian proprietors ; and chartered Feb. 22, 1774, by the name of Packersfield, from Thomas Packer, who owned about one half of the township. In June, 1814, the name was altered to Nelson. The first settlements commenced in 1767, by Breed Batchelder, and in 1768, by Dr. Nathaniel Breed. The congregational church was formed Jan. 31, 1781, at which time Rev. Jacob Foster was installed. He was dismissed in 1791. Rev. Gad Newell, who graduated at Yale col- lege in 1786, was ordained Julie 11, 1774. The number of church members in 1822, was 152. Pop. 907.
some valuable meadows. The soil is favorable for all the various pro- ductions common to this section of the state, and there are many excellent farms under good culti- vation. In the S. part of New-Bos- ton, there is a considerable eleva- tion, called Jo English lill, on one side of which it is nearly perpen- dicular. Its height, taken from the road through the notch of the hill, is 572 feet. Beard's pond, in the N. E. part, and Jo English pond, in the S. part of this town and the N. part of Amherst, are the only ponds of note. The 2d N. H. turn- pike passes through the S. W. cor- ner of this town, near which are the Cristy mills. There is a social library, of 200 volumes, incorpo- rated June 16, 1801. The follow- ing natives of this town have re- ceived a collegiate education. Wil- liam Wilson, now a, judge of the supreme court of the state of Ohio, William Ferson, Nathaniel Peabo- dy, Rev. Thomas Cochran, Peter Cochran, Robert Coclıran,and Rev. Samuel Clark. There is a minis- terial fund, of which the annual interest is $344 35. New-Boston was granted by Massachusets, Jan. 14, 1736, to inhabitants of Boston, from which circumstance it receiv- ed its name. It was incorporated by N. H. Feb. 18, 1763. The first settlement commenced about the year 1733. The names of some of the earliest settlers were Coch- ran, Wilson, Caldwell. M'Neil, Fer. son and Smith. In Sept. 1756, the settlement contained 1 saw and 1
NEW-BOSTON, post-township, in Hillsborough county, in lat. 42º 58/. is bounded N. by Weare, E. by Goffstown and Bedford, S. by Am- herst and Lyndeborough, and W. by Lyndeborough and Francestown, containing an area of 26,536 acres. It is 9 miles from Amherst, 22 from grain mill, 31 dwelling-houses, in- habited by 27 men, 10 women, and 9 males and 10 females under the age of 14 years. The presbyteri- an church was formed about 1768. The first minister was Rev. Solo- Concord, and 57 from Boston. It is watered by several streams, the largest of which is the S. branch of Piscataquog river, having its source in Pleasant pond in Fran- eestown. This town consists of fer- mon Moor, a native of Newtown,
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Limavady, in Ireland, who received his education at Glasgow, in Scot- land, and studied theology with pro- fessor Leechman of that university. He was licensed to preach, July 26, 1762, and a few years after came to this country. In Feb. 1767, he arrived at New-Boston, and was or- dained Sept. 6, 1768; died May 28, 1803, aged 67. Rev. Ephraim P. Bradford, who graduated at Harvard college in 1803, was or- dained his successor, Feb. 26,1806. There are two baptist churches, over one of which, Rev. Isaiah Stone was ordained Jan. 8, 1806. Pop. 1686.
NEW-CASTLE, township, Rock- ingham county, lat. 43º 5', is a rough and rocky island, situated in Portsmouth Harbor, and formerly called Great Island. A handsome bridge, built in 1821, connects this town with Portsmouth. Here is an ancient church, but no preacher .- Rev. Samuel Moody preached here previous to the commencement of the 16th century. He was succeed- ed by Rev. John Emerson, ordain- ed in 1704 ; Rev. William Shurt- leff, in 1712 ; Rev. John Blunt, in 1732; Rev. David Robinson, in 174 -; Rev.Stephen Chase,in 1750 ; and Rev. Oliver Noble, in 1784. The church is at present va- cant. New-Castle was incorpora- ted in 1693, and contains 458 acres. This island was the seat of business, when ancient Strawberry Bank was the mere germe of the town of Portsmouth. Fishing is here pursued with success; and the soil among the rocks, being of good quality, is made to produce a- bundantly. Fort Constitution and the light-house stand on this island. The position of each is very advan- tageous. Hon. THEODORE AT- KINSON, for a number of years chief-justice of the province, secre-WThe first settlement was in 1768.
1tary and president of the council, was born at New-Castle Dec. 20, 1697 ; graduated at Harvard in 1718 ; died Sept. 22,1789, aged 82. NATHAN PRIEST, Esq. for many years a member of the legislature, died here in 1822. Pop. 932.
NEW-CHESTER, post-township in Grafton county, in lat. 43° 31', is bounded N. by Bristol, Danbury, and Alexandria, E. by New-Hamp- ton and Sanbornton, S. by Ando- ver, W. by Wilmot, being 10 miles in length, and containing 20,000 acres. It is 24 miles from Con- cord, 44 from Haverhill, 25 from Hanover and 86 from Boston. It is watered by Pemigewasset and Blackwater rivers, and several small streams. Eagle pond is the only one of note. Ragged moun- tain is a considerable elevation and but little inferior to Kearsarge. Viewed from the summit of the neighboring hills, this town appears very uneven, yet there are many fine tracts converted into produc- tive farms. The soil in some parts is rich and fertile-it is generally good. The forest trees are white pine, birch, beech, hemlock, ma- ple, &c. There is at the S. E. sec- tion of the town, a flourishing vil- lage, containing an elegant meeting- house, built in 1821, and 20 dwel- ling-houses, situated on a spacious street 1 mile in length. There are several charitable societies ; also a musical society, a social library of 100 volumes, incorporated Dec. 10, 1800. The number of deaths for 3 years ending Jan. 1, 1822, was 47. A Mr. Emerson lived to the age of 96. This town was granted Sept. 14, 1753, to 87 proprietors, who held their first meeting at Ches- ter, and as the greater part of the first inhabitants belonged to that place, it was called New-Chester.
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by Capt. Cutting Favor, who di-fi ed March 8, 1822, aged 85, and by Carr Huse, Esq. who was a civil magistrate 35 years, town clerk 33 years, and representative several years, and is now the oldest man in town. New-Chester was incorpo- rated Nov. 20, 1778. In Dec. 1820, six children of Mr. William Fol- lansbee were consumed in the flames of his house, while he and his wife were absent. There is a congregational society, incorpora- ted Dec. 11, 1816. Pop. 970.
NEW-DURHAM, post-town, Straf- ford county, lat. 43° 26/, is bound- ed N. W. by Wolfeborough and Alton, E. by Brookfield and Mid- dleton, S. E. by Farmington, S. W. and W. by Alton ; and contains 23,625 acres. The surface of this town is very uneven, a portion so rocky as to be unfit for cultivation. The soil is generally moist, and well adapted to grazing. There are 5 ponds in New-Durham, the largest of which is Merrymeeting pond, about 10 miles in circumfer- ence, from which a copious and perpetual stream runs S. and then N. W. into Merrymeeting bay in Alton. Ela's river flows from Cold- rain pond into Farmington, on which is a fine waterfall. The Cocheco also has its source here. Mount. Betty, Cropple-crown and Straw's mountains are the principal eminences. On the N. E. side of the latter is a remarkable cave, the entrance of which is about 3 feet wide and 10 feet high. The outer NEW-HAMPTON, post-township, is situated in the N. W. corner of Strafford county, lat. 43º 37'; bounded W. by Pemigewasset riv- er, N. by Holderness, E. by Centre- Harbor, S. by Meredith and San- bornton, and comprises an area of 19,422 acres. Pemigewasset river, which washes the W. boundary room is 20 feet square ; the inner apartments grow smaller, until at the distance of 50 feet they become too small to be investigated. The sides both of the galleries and the rooms are solid granite. They bear marks of having been once united, and were probably separated by some great convulsion of nature. lis the only stream of magnitude ;
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