A gazetteer of the state of New-Hampshire by John Farmer and Jacob B. Moore ; embellished with an accurate map of the state, and several other engravings by Abel Bowen, Part 25

Author: Farmer, John, 1789-1838. cn; Moore, Jacob Bailey, 1797-1853. cn
Publication date: 1823
Publisher: Concord : J. B. Moore
Number of Pages: 318


USA > New Hampshire > A gazetteer of the state of New-Hampshire by John Farmer and Jacob B. Moore ; embellished with an accurate map of the state, and several other engravings by Abel Bowen > Part 25


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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NORTHWOOD, post township, in Rockingham county, lat. 43º 12', is bounded N. E. by Strafford, S. E. by Nottingham, S. and S. W. by Deerfield, N. W. by Epsom and Pittsfield. It is 18 miles from Con- cord, 20 from Exeter, 24 from Ports- mouth,and contains 17,075 acres of land and water. There are 6 ponds in this town-Suncook pond, 750 rods long, 100 wide ; Jenness' pond, 300 rods long, 150 wide ; Long pond, about 300 rods long, 50 wide ; Har- vey's pond, of an elliptical form, 200 rods long, from 40 to 80 wide ; a part of Great Bow pond is also in this town, and a part of North riv- er pond ; Pleasant pond, and Little Bow pond, the latter having two outlets : the waters passing N. E. into Great Bow pond, the head of Isinglass river ; and N. W. into Long pond, the waters thence pas- sing through Suncook pond and riv- er into the Merrimack. The north branch of Lamprey river has its


mountain, a high ridge between this town and Deerfield. On the E. side of this ridge are found crystals and crystalline spars of various colors and sizes. Graphite exists in small quantities, but of good quality. This town has an elevated site, and com- inands a distant and varied pros- pect. The waters flowing from the farm of Jonathan Clarke, Esq. fall into three different rivers, the Sun- cook, Lamprey and Isinglass rivers. The soil of this town is generally moist, and well suited to grazing .-- The N. H. turnpike passes in a direct course from E. toW. 8 miles through this town. Northwood was originally a part of Nottingham and was settled March, 25, 1763, by Moses Godfrey, John Bachelder, Increase Bachelder, from North- Hampton. Solomon Bickford and family from Durham, followed in December. His son, Solomon, was the first child born in Northwood .- Feb. 6, 1773, the town was incorpo- rated. Rev. Edmund Pillsbury, the first minister, was ordained over the baptist church, Nov. 17, 1779, and continued to preach about 18 years. The congregational meet- ing-house was erected in 1781 ; and on the 29th May, 1799, Rev. Jo- siah Prentice was ordained. The baptist church was without a pastor from Mr. Pillsbury's secession until Dec. 30, 1805, when Rev. El- iphalet Merrill was ordained. On- ly one native of Northwood (Rev. John L. Blake, who graduated at Brown University in 1812) has re- ceived a collegiate education. The late Jonathan Clarke, Esq! was one of the first settlers, and a member of the legislature. Pop. 1260.


NOTCH. See White Mountains. NOTTINGHAM, post-town, Rock- ingham county, in lat. 43° 07' is 25 miles from Concord, 20 from


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Portsmouth, 55 from Boston, and is surprised and put to death. Gen. bounded N. E. by Barrington, S. E. by Lee and part of Epping, S. by Epping and Raymond, and W. by Deerfield and Northwood, compris- ing 25,800 acres, of which 300. are water. There are several ponds in this town, mostly of small size .- Little river and several other streams rise here ; and North river passes through the town. The soil of this town is in many parts good, though the surface is rough and broken. Several mountains extend along the W. part of the town, forming parts of the range called Blue Hills. Nottingham Square is a pleasant village on an elevated site, having a meeting-house, post- office, public houses, stores, &c. The N. H. turnpike road passes through the N. part of this town .- Bog iron ore is found here in great quantities ; and it is said inexhaus- tible masses of mountain ore exist in. the mountains. Crystals and crystalline spars are found here ; and also ochres in small quantities. Nottingham was incorporated May 10, 1722, and settled in 1727, by Capt. Joseph Cilley and others .- A congregational church was form- ed, and Rev. Stephen Emery settled in 1742, who continued but a few years. Rev. Benjamin Butler suc- ceeded in 1758, and was dismissed Aug. 1, 1770, at his own request. The church has since been vacant. NOTTINGHAM-WEST, a post- township, in Hillsborough county, in lat. 42º 44', is bounded N. by Litchfield and Londonderry, E. by Windham and Pelham,S. by Tyngs borough in Mass., and W. by Mer- rimack river, which separates it from Dunstable, containing 17,379 acres. It is 17 miles from Amherst, 39 from Boston, and 38 from Coll- cord. The land here is of easy cul- tivation. On the river are fine in- Rev. Mr. Butler was afterwards a civil magistrate until his death, 26th December, 1804. Elder Samuel B. Dyer was some time pastor of the freewill baptist society. During the last Indian war, in 1752, a Mr. Beard, Mrs. Folsom and Mrs. Simp- son, wife of Andrew Simpson, were killed by the Indians. They had left the garrison to attend to some business at their houses, situated at a short distance, where they werell tervals, of a deep rich soil, produ. ,


JOSEPH CILLEY, son of one of the early settlers, entered the army of the revolution at its commencement and commanded the 1st N. H. regi- ment. He was distinguished for bravery and patriotism during the whole contest. After the liberties of the country were secured, he was several times elected represen- tative, senator and counsellor ; and died in Aug. 1799, aged 65. Hon. THOS. BARTLETT was an active revolutionary patriot ; one of the committee of safety ; lt. col. under Stark at the capture of Burgoyne ; commanded a regiment at West -- Point in 1780, when the treachery of Arnold betrayed that post. After the close of the war, he was speak- er of the house, and a justice of the common pleas ; and died June 30, 1807, aged 59. Gen. HENRY BUT- LER, was an officer in the army of the revolution, major-general of mi- litia, justice of the peace and sena- tor in the legislature : he died July 20, 1813, aged 62. Descendants of these revolutionary worthies now live in town. Nottingham has been a very healthy town, and many in- dividuals have lived to a great age. The mountainous parts of the town were formerly the haunts of beasts of prey-the fox and wild cat only remain. Rattlesnakes still infest the mountains. Pop. 1126.


,


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cing in great exuberance and plen-|| by act of the general court, March ty. Distant from the river, the land is hilly and somewhat broken. The forest trees are oak and pine, with some walnut, birch, maple and hem- lock. There are two ponds, known by the name of Little Massabesick and Otternick ponds. The former is situated in the N. E. part, and contains about 200 acres. Otter- nick, in the W. part of the town, between the N. meeting-house and the river, contains about 80 acres. A small stream issues from the last which runs into the Merrimack. There are two libraries in this town. Nottingham-West was included in the grant of Dunstable, and was settled as early as 1710. Some of the carly names were Blodget, Winn, Lovewell, Colburn, Hill, Greeley, Cross, Cumings, Pollard, Marsh and Merrill. The first set- o. tlements were made on the banks of the river, where the Indians had cleared fields for cultivating corn. The first inhabitants lived in garrisons. While the men were abroad in the fields and forests, the women and children were lodged in these places of security. Few In- dians were found here when the settlement was effected, but they frequently made their visits to this place in time of peace; and once in a time of war, they took a man by the name of Cross, who was employed in collecting turpentine, and carried him to Canada, where he remained a prisoner till he was ransomed by his friends. Near the Indian cornfields, have been found cinders of a blacksmith's forge, which have led to the con- jecture that they employed a smith to manufacture their implements of war and agriculture. Notting- ham-West was incorporated July 5, 1746. An addition to its territo- ry from Londonderry, was made


6, 1778. A congregational church was formed Nov. 30, 1737, and on the same day, Rev. Nathaniel Merrill was ordained, whose re- lation to the church continued till his death in 1796, though his civil contract was dissolved in 1774. Rev. Jabez Pond Fisher succeeded Mr. Merrill; was ordained Feb. 24, 1796, and dismissed May, 1801. A presbyterian church was organi- zed in 1771. Rev. John Strick- land was ordained July 13, 1774, and after a few years was dismis- sed. A baptist church was formed in 1305, over which Rev. Daniel Merrill officiated from 18:4 to 1819. In 1816, the congregational church changed their form of government and united with the presbyterians. Pop. 1227.


OLIVERIAN river, in Grafton county, is formed of two branches, both having their sources in Coven- try-the E. branch from the W. side of Moosehillock mountain, and the N. branch from Owl head moun- tain. These branches unite near the E. line of Haverhill, and the main stream pursues nearly a W. course through the S. part of the town, and falls into Connecticut river above Bedel's bridge.


ORANGE, a township in Grafton county, in lat. 43º 39', is bounded N. E. by Groton, E. by Alexandria, S. W. by Grafton and W. by Ca- naan and Dame's Gore, containing by the survey of 1805, about 22,000 acres. In 1820, nearly one third of its territory was annexed to Al- exandria. It is 16 miles E. from Dartmouth college and 40 from Concord. In this town are found many mineral substances, such as lead ore, iron ore, &c. There is


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in the S. E. part a small pond, in [which, called Baker's upper pond, which is found a species of paint resembling spruce yellow. Chalk. intermixed with magnesia, is said to be procured from the same pond. In 1810, a valuable species of ochre was discovered. It is found in great abundance, deposited in veins, and of a quality superior to the im- ported. Large quantities of it are annually prepared for market. One man will dig and refine about 50 lbs. in a day. Clay of an excellent quality is also abundant. The sur- face of Orange is uneven. The soil in many parts productive. Car- digan mountain lies in the E. part of the town. On the W. side of this mountain was formerly a pest house where hundreds were inoculated for the small pox. Grafton turn- pike passes through the S. W. part to Orford. Orange was granted by the name of Cardigan, Feb. 6, 1769, to Isaac Fellows and others. Its settlement commenced in 1773-4. Silas Harris, Benjamin Shaw, Dav- id Eames, Col. Elisha Bayne and Capt. Joseph Kenney were the first inhabitants. Pop. 300.


ORFORD, a post-township in Grafton county, in lat. 43º 53', is bounded N. by Piermont, E. by Wentworth, S. by Lime, and W. by Fairlee, Vt. containing 27,000 acres. It lies on Connecticut river, over which is a bridge, connecting this town with Fairlee. Orford is 10 miles below Haverhill, 17 N. of Hanover, 60 from Concord and 120 from Boston. The soil is generally of a fertile character. The large in- terval farms, watered by the Con- necticut, are particularly distin- guished for their beauty and fertili- ty. There are two considerable elevations, called Mount Cuba and Mount Sunday, lying near the cen- tre of the town. There are 4 or 5 ponds of considerable size, one of |about 1 1-2 miles ; and the length of


lies within 3 or 4 miles of Connec- ticut river, and about the same dis- tance W. of the height of land, E. of the river. This pond discharges its waters into another pond, lying partly in Wentworth, and the waters of both empty into Baker's river, near the meeting house in Wentworth. Indian pond lies about 1 mile W. of Baker's upper pond, the waters of which pass to the Connecticut, only 2 or 3 miles dis- tant, offering much the cheapest and most feasible opening for connect- ing the waters of the Connecticut and Merrimack. Limestone, or the carbonate of lime, is found in great abundance. It is of the primitive kind, coarse grained, and forms a strong and hard cement, multiplying more in slaking and requiring a larger proportion of sand than any other heretofore used. It is found at the foot of a mountain about 400 or 500 feet above Connecticut river. The soap rock, or, as it is more generally called, cotton stone, is found here in great abundance. A light grey granite rock, much used for mill stones and for building, is found in various places. Galena, or lead ore, of a very fine texture, containing needles of crystallized quartz, or lead, has been recently found, in considerable quantities in sinking a well. Orford contains a pleasant village, situated on the main road. " It is built on a beau- tiful plain bordered by interval on the W. The hills on both sides of the river, near the centre of the ex- pansion, approach each other so as to form a kind of neck ; and with a similar approximation at the two ends, give the whole the appear- ance of a double amphitheatre, or of the numerical figure 8. The greatest breadth of each division is


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each between 2 and 3 miles." Theflin E. storms the winds break over houses stand principally on a single street, of 2 or 3 miles in extent. There are 2 congregational meeting houses, one in the village, the other near the centre of the town. The Orford social library was incorpor- ated June 16, 1797; and contains 200 volumes. Orford was granted Sept. 25, 1761, to Jonathan Moul- ton and others. In June, 1765, a Mr. Cross, with his family from Lebanon, first settled in this town. In Oct. the same year, Gen. Israel Morey, John Mann, Esq. and a Mr. Caswell, with their families, from Connecticut, began settlements. A congregational church was gather- ed Aug. 27, 1770, then consisting of 22 members. Rev. Oliver Noble, who graduated at Princeton college, was ordained Nov. 5, 1771; dis- missed Dec. 31, 1777. Rev. John Sawyer, who graduated at Dart- mouth college in 1785, was ordain- ed Oct. 22, 1787 ; dismissed Dec. 1795. Rev. Sylvester Dana, who graduated at Yale college in 1797, was ordained May 20, 1801 ; dis- missed April 30, 1822. Rev. James D. Farnsworth was ordained Jan. J, 1823. A new congregational church, called the W. church, was formed April 30, 1822, and Rev. Sylvester Dana was installed Feb. 19, 1823. There is also a metho- dist church, which has existed about 12 years. Pop. 1568.


the summits, frequently causing much injury to the farmns, &c. at its base. Ossipee lake is partly in this town and Effingham : it is a fine body of water of an oval form, covering about 7000 acres, having no island, and its waters clear and beautiful. Ossipee river flows from this lake, forming the bays E. of the lake, from whence it passes through Effinghanı into the Saco in Maine. Pine river passes through the E. part of Ossipee, and Bearcamp riv- er falls into the lake on the N. W. There are several ponds in Ossipee, the largest of which lies partly in Tuftonborough, and is about 400 rods long. Bear pond in the S. E. part, has no visible outlet. On the farm of Mr. Smith, near the W. shore of Ossipee lake, is a mound of earth 45 or 30 feet in diameter, of a circular form, and about 10 feet high, from which have beenr taken several entire skeletons, and also tomahawks, &c. exhibiting the strongest evidence that the tribe once so powerful in this vicinity had their principal residence here. (See description of this mound, &c. Hist. Coll. for 1823, p. 45.) Ossi- pee was incorporated Feb. 22, 1785 ; has 2 meeting.houses, sev- eral stores, mechanics, &c. There is a society of methodists here, but no settled minister. Pop. 1793.


OSSIPEE GORE, a township, was annexed to Effingham, Dec. 23, 1820.


OSSIPEE, post-township, Straf- ford county, in lat. 43º 42', is houn- ded N. by Tamworth, E. and N. E. OSSIPEE mountain. See Ussi- pee. by Effingham, S. E. by Wakefield, S. W. and W. by Wolfeborough, OYSTER river. See Durham. Tuftonborough, and Moultonbo- P. rouglı; N. W. by a corner of Sand- wich. Ossipee mountain, a rough PARKER'S island, in Connec- ticut river, at Hanover, contains 20 acres. and broken range, lies in the N. W. part of Ossipee, extending into the adjoining towns. It is 6 or 8 miles PASCATAQUA, the only large in length, and is so elevated, that river whose entire course is in


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New-Hampshire, is formed by the land some considerable mountains. junction of several small streams The town, however, is not very mountainous, and has some low lands. There are at present but 15 families. in a wide and deep bed; hollowed out partly by them, and partly by the tide. The names of these streams, beginning at the N. E., are PEABODY river has its source in the E. pass of the White Moun- tains, near the head springs of El- lis' river, a branch of the Saco ; and passes N. into the Ameriscog- gin. Salmon-Fall, Cocheco, Bellamy bank, Oyster, Lamprey,Squamscot, and Winnicut rivers. The five last unite their waters in a large and irregular bay between Durham and Greenland, more resembling a PEAKS, names of mountains. See Stratford. lake than a river. The waters of this bay meet those of Salmon-Fall and Cocheco rivers, coming from the N. W. at Hilton's point, a few miles below Dover. After this junction, they proceed in a direct line to the S. E .; and join the ocean 2 or 3 miles below Ports- mouth; embosoming several isl- ands, and forming one of the best harbors on the continent. Few riv- ers make a more magnificent ap- pearance than this ; yet the streams by which it is supplied are small. Salmon-Fall furnishes more than all the rest. This stream is called Newichawannock from the falls in Berwick till it receives the waters of the Cocheco ; but the name of Pascataqua ought to be applied to the whole of Salmon-Fall river.


PASCATAQUA harbor. See Ports- mouth.


PAULSBURGH,a township in Coos county,in lat. 44° 30/, is 139 miles from Concord, and about 22 from Lancaster ; bounded N. by Dum- mer and Cambridge, E. by Success, S. by Maynesborough, W. by Kil- kenny and Winslow's location. This tract was granted Dec. 31, 1771, to the grantees of Maynes- borough, Sir William Mayne and others, and contains 31,154 acres. The Upper Amonoosuck and Am- eriscoggin rivers pass through this town. There are several ponds,


PEELING, townsbip, in Graf- ton county, in lat. 44º, is bounded N. by Lincoln, E. by Thornton, S. by Thornton and Ellsworth, and W. by Warren, Coventry and Lan- daff, containing 33,359 acres. It is 20 miles from Plymouth, and 60 from Concord. Pemigewasset pas- ses through its E. section. The 3 branches of this river unite in the N. part of Peeling. There are sev- eral brooks and rivulets which sup- ply this place with a number of mill privileges. The ponds are Elbow pond, near the centre, Rus- sell's pond, in the E., and M'Lel- lan's pond in the S. E. part of this town. Hills and mountains, inter- spersed with valleys, give some va- riety to the surface. Cushman's mountain in the S. W., Black mountain in the N. W. and Blue mountain in the W. are the high- est elevations. Among these moun- tains, branches of the Wild Amon- oosuck and Baker's rivers and Moosehillock brook, have their sources. On the last stream, there is a beautiful cascade. There are here two springs, which have been termed medicinal. Peeling was granted to Eli Demeritt, Sept. 23, 1763. Its name was afterwards altered to Fairfield, and from that to Peeling again. It was settled about 1773, by John Riant and oth- ers. Lindsey, Osgood, Barron,


.


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Russell, and Bickford, were among the early settlers. There is a bap- tist society, to which Mr. Thomas Whipple has occasionally minis- tered. Pop. 224.


PELHAM, post-township, at the S. W. corner of Rockingham coun- ty, in lat. 42º 43', is bounded N. by Windham and Salem, E., S. E. and S. by the state of Massachu- setts, W. by Nottingham-West ; is distant 37 miles from Concord, 45 from Portsmouth and 32 from Boston, and contains 16,338 acres. Here are 3 ponds, called Gumpas, Island and North ponds. Island pond is the largest, containing 178 acres. 30 acres of Long pond are in Pelham, the remainder in the N. W. corner of Dracut. Beaver river passes through the town, a little E. of the meeting-house. On this river and the tributary streams, there is much valuable meadow ; adjoining which are pine lands of an excellent quality for grain, and especially rye. To the E. and W. is hilly land, good for grazing, or- chiarding and the growth of timber, particularly oak. This land is of a strong soil, and richly repays cul- tivation. Beside other mills, here is a woollen factory ; and 8 or 10 tons of nails are annually cut here. But the inhabitants depend princi- pally on agriculture for the means of support. Much timber and cord-wood are carried annually to the banks of the Merrimack, and thence conveyed to Newburyport, or to Boston through Middlesex canal. Pelham was included in Wheelwright's purchase and in Mason's patent. Although within about 30 miles of the capital of New- England, no settlements were here made during the first century after the landing at Plymouth. The first settlements were made in 1722, by John Butler, William Richardson


and others. William Richardson was grandfather of the Hon. judge Richardson ; was a native of Chelmsford, where he was born Sept. 19, 1701. The town was in- corporated July 5, 1746, about 5 years after the state line was es- tablished, by which a part was sep- arated from Dracut. The first house for public worship was built in 1747. Rev. James Hobbs was ordained Nov. 13, 1751, and at the same time a church was formed. Mr. Hobbs died June 20, 1765, aged 40 : he was a native of Hampton, and graduated at Harvard College, 1748. Rev. Amos Moody was or- dained Nov. 20, 1765, and dismis- sed by mutual agreement in 1792 : he was born in Newbury, Ms. Nov. 20, 1739, graduated at Harvard, 1759-died March 22, 1819. Some years previous to Mr. Moody's dis- mission, the town became divided into two societies ; another house for public worship was erected,and several candidates employed to preach. But after his dismission the town again united in one soci- ety. Rev. John H. Church was ordained Oct. 31, 1793. There is a social library in Pelham, incor- porated in 1797, with about 200 vols. Pop. 1040.


PEMBROKE, a post-town, Rock- ingham county, in lat. 43º 10', lies 60 miles N. W. from Boston, 6 S. E. from Concord. It is bounded W. by Merrimack river, N. W. by Soucook river, which separates it from Concord, N. E. and E. by Chichester and Epsom, S. E. by Suncook river, dividing the town fiom Allenstown; and contains 10,240 acres. This town is gener- ally well watered. The Sancook on the S. E. boundary, furnishes many valuable water privileges ; and on the Soucook, are situated 4 paper mills, the cotton factory of


T


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Maj. Stark, and several mills, to- gether with a flourishing village. The public roads are mostly laid out in right angles, dividing the territory into squares. The main street extends nearly on a parallel with Merrimack river in a straight course about 3 miles, and is very pleasant. On this are situated the academy, one of the meeting-hou- ses, and the principal village. Pem- broke has a variety of soils, most- ly very productive. On the rivers are small but valuable tracts of in- terval, and from these the land ri- ses in extensive and beautiful swells, yielding in abundance when properly cultivated. The public buildings are a town house, two meeting-houses, and the academy, founded by the liberal donation of the late Dr. Abel Blanchard. It is situated on the main street, and is one of the most flourishing insti- tutions of the kind in New-Hamp- shire. Pembroke is the ancient Suncook of the Indians. It was granted by this name in May, 1727, by the government of Massachu- setts, to Capt. John Lovewell, and his brave associates, in considera- tion of their services against the Indians. The whole number of grantees was 60; 46 of whom ac- companied Lovewell in his last march to Pequawkett-the remain- ing 13 were among the 62 who at- tended him in his first enterprizes against the Indians. The first sur- vey was made in 1728; and in the following year settlements were


commenced by several of the gran- tees. The settlements increased slowly, in consequence of the fre- quent alarms from the Indians, who committed many depredations up- on their property. James Carr, killed May 1,1748,(See Allenstown,) was the only inhabitant who lost his life by the Indians. The first


child born in Pembroke was Ephraim Moore. This town was interested in the long dispute main- tained by the proprietors of Bow against the grantees of lands in this vicinity. Nov. 1, 1759, the town was incorporated by its present name. As the original settlers were composed of persons of Scotch and English descent, foundations were early laid for presbyterian and congregational churches. The congregational church was organ- ized March 1, 1737; and Rev. Aaron Whittemore, of Concord, Ms. who graduated at Harvard college in 1734, was settled. He died Nov. 16,1767,aged 55. No re- cord exists of the organization of the presbyterian church ; but Rev. Daniel Mitchell, a native of Ireland, educated at Edinburgh, was ordained Dec. 3, 1760, and died Dec. 15, 1776, aged 69. Rev. Jacob Emery, a native of Ando- ver, Ms. who graduated at Har- vard college in 1761, succeeded Mr. Whittemore in the congrega- tional church, Aug. 3, 1768 ; and was dismissed March 23, 1775. Both churches were vacant from the death of Mr. Mitchell until the ordination of Rev. Zaccheus Colby, March 22, 1780-soon after which the two churches were united. Mr. Colby was a native of Newtown ; graduated at Dartmouth college, 1777 ; and was dismissed May 11, 1803. From this time to 1808, the church was vacant. March 2,1808, Rev. Abraham Burnham, a native of Dunbarton, graduated at Dart- mouth college in 1804, was ordain- ed over a newly organized church, of 54 members, which has since increased to more than 170. There are several religious, charitable and literary societies, which are annually extending their beneficial influence. Pop. 1256.




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