USA > New Hampshire > A gazetteer of the state of New-Hampshire by John Farmer and Jacob B. Moore ; embellished with an accurate map of the state, and several other engravings by Abel Bowen > Part 26
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PEMIGEWASSET river. Thisfla N. E. direction from the Grand stream and the Winnepisiogee con- stitute the Merrimack. It is form- ed of three principal branches hav- ing their sources in Peeling, Fran- conia, and the ungranted lands S. W. of the White Mountains. These branches unite in Peeling, from whence the main stream passes in a S. direction through Thornton, Campton, between Plymouth and Holderness ; Bridgewater, Bristol and New-Hampton ; New-Chester, Andover, and Sanbornton, and the S. W. part of Sanbornton and the N. part of Salisbury, where it unites with Winnepisiogee river, and the main stream becomes the Merri- mack. From Campton to the S., the towns that lie on the E. of Pemigewasset river, are Holder- ness New-Hampton and Sanborn- ton; on the W., Plymouth, Bridge- water, Bristol, New-Chester, Ando- ver and Salisbury.
PEQUAWKETT, written by Bel- knap, Pigwacket, and by Sullivan Pickwocket, but the true orthogra- phy is found to be Pe-quaw-kett ; an Indian name applied to a con- siderable tract of country, now in- cluding Conway, Fryeburg and some of the adjacent towns. It is also the name of a river flowing into the Saco, from two ponds in Eaton ; and of a mountain between Bartlett and Chatham, formerly called Kearsarge.
PETERBOROUGH, a post-town, in Hillsborough county, in lat. 42º 52/, is bounded N. by Hancock and Greenfield, E. by Greenfield and Temple, S. by Sharon, and W. by Jaffrey and Dublin, containing 23,- 780 acres. It lies midway between Amherst and Keene, being 20 miles from each. It is 75 miles from Portsmouth, 60 from Boston, 40 from Concord, and 510 from Wash- îngton city. Peterborough lies in
Monadnock, and is bounded on the E. by a chain of hills called Pack Monadnock. Contoocook river runs in a N. E. and N. direction through the centre of the town, af- fording several good privileges for mills and factories. The N. branch, from Dublin,originating partly from waters near the Monadnock and partly from Long, or Hunt's pond, lying in Nelson and Hancock, af- fords a never failing supply of wa- ter, and furnishes those noble falls, on which are situated several fac- tories, and particularly the long known mills and factories of Hon. Samuel Smith. There are exten- sive and valuable meadows on this branch above these falls; and the soil generally throughout the town is excellent. The forests in the vi- cinity of the S. branch of the Con- toocook, were composed of large and lofty pines ; the hills on the E. crowned with majestic oaks ; and the intermediate lands principally clothed with hard wood and other valuable timber. In the centre of the town is a high hill, on which is situated the meeting-house, at an elevation of 200 feet above the river. The chain of hills on the E. is distinguished by two princi- pal summits. Between these sum- mits is a depression of a quarter part of the mountain's height. About 60 rods W. of the ridge, or summit of this depression, on an embenchment of the mountain, is a pond of about 9 acres extent, very deep and replenished with fish, at an elevation of 200 feet above the site of the meeting-house. There is another pond near the foot of the southern summit of 33 acres, from which, during the dry season, there is no visible outlet, The southern summit terminates abrupt- ly at its southern extremity witha
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marks of a violent disruption, form- | ing what is termed the Notch in the mountain. The county road pas- ses through this aperture. The hill rises again in Sharon ; and the chain, with some depressions and variations, continues for several miles. There are rocks in several places, which afford indications of sulphur, and crumble on exposure to the sun and air. Iron ore of an excellent quality has been discov- ered, but, as yet, in small quanti- ties. Besides the common medi- cinal plants, the Cohush, Ginseng and Buck bean are found here. The surface of this town being much varied with hills, vales, mead- ows, great swells of land, brooks and rivulets, while the larger streams are broken by falls and rapid in their course-the air and waters are pure ; the inhabitants remarkably healthy. No sickness has ever been experienced to any considerable extent. The first settlers generally attained to more than 80 years of age-several to almost a century. The oldest persons who have died in town, were Mr. John Morrison in his '98th year, and Mrs. Cunningham in' her 99th year. The former died June 14, 1776, retaining the full possession of his faculties till within a short time of his death. He, with his parents and family, was in the City, and his age 10 years, at the famous siege of Lon- donderry, Ireland. The principal village embraces about half a mile in extent. Here are 3 cotton fac- tories, including Mr. Smith's ex- tensive establishment, his cotton factory, oil mill, fulling mill and paper manufactory. His mansion on the eastern side of the main stream, commands a pleasing view of the principal buildings. Two miles S. are situated a cotton fac-Hguished citizens. Men, who have
tory and a woollen factory. About the same distance N., is another cotton factory. Besides these, there are on the various streams, several grain and saw mills. The public buildings are a congregational and baptist meeting-house, and - six school houses .- There is a social library containing a handsome se- lection of books. There is a bi- ble society, established Oct. 2,1814. Peterborough was granted in 1738, by the government of Massachu- setts to Samuel Heywood and oth- ers. The first settlement took place in 1739, by William Robbe, Alexander Scott, Hugh Gregg, Wil- liam Scott, and Samuel Stinson. Some of them had brought their families into the settlement, but they were compelled to retire in 1744, on occasion of the war which then commenced, and did not ter- minate till 1748. On their return, a large accession of settlers from Lunenburg, Londonderry and other places joined them. In 1759, there were 45 families, and on the 17th Jan. the next year, the town was incorporated. The first settlers of Peterborough were Scotch pres- byterians, from Ireland, or their immediate descendants. Wholly unused to clearing and cultivating of wild lands, they endured great hardships. Their nearest gristmill was at Townsend, 25 miles distant -their road a line of marked trees. The first child baptized was Cath- erine, daughter of Hugh Gregg, the now aged and venerable moth- er of general Miller, governor of Arkansaw. The first male child born here, was John Ritchie ; he was born Feb. 22, 1751, and died in the service of his country at Cambridge, in 1776. This town has produced a large - number of |worthy, and several highly distin-
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adorned the bench, the bar and thefloosuck form a junction. Nash's pulpit, the legislature, the hall of congress and the chair of state, have been natives of this town. Of those who have been celebra- ted for their heroism, may be men- tioned Col. Andrew Todd, distin- guished in the wars of 1744 and 1755, and Capt. William Scott, noted for his military enterprize in the French war, and in the war which achieved our independence. Of these worthy men, and of Lieut. William Robbe, an account may be seen by referring to the Collec- tions, published by the authors of this work, vol. 1, p. 134-137. The first settled minister was Rev. John Morrison, born at Pathfoot, in Scot- land, May 22, 1743; graduated at Edinburgh, 1765 ; ordained at Pe- terborough, Nov. 26, 1766 ; resign- ed in March 1772 : died Dec. 10, 1782. Rev. David Annan succee- ded in 1778 ; dismissed, June 1792. He was born at Cupar of Fife in Scotland, April, 1754 ; died in Ire- land in 1801. Both of these were presbyterians. The congregation- al church was embodied Oct. 23, 1799, at which time, Rev. Elijah Dunbar, who graduated at Harvard college in 1794, was ordained. Pop. 1500.
PHILLIP'S river, a considerable branch of the Upper Amonoosuck, rises in Dixville and Columbia, and after passing through Ervin's loca- tion, Millsfield, Dummer and Wins- low's location, unites with the main stream in Piercy.
PIERCY, township, Coos county, lat. 44º 33', is situated on the Upper Amonoosuck river, about 3 miles from its mouth; bounded N. by Strat- ford and ungranted lands, E. and S. by Kilkenny, W. by Northumber- land-comprising about 20,000 a- cres. In the N. E. part of the town the N. and S. branches of the Amon-
streamn, flowing from Stratford, falls into this river in the N. part of the town. Piercy's pond lies on the E. side the town, the waters of which fall into the Upper Amon- oosuck in Paulsburg. The soil of Piercy is extremely broken and un- even, though in the valleys there are some tolerable farms. Mill mountain is in Piercy, and a part of Pilot mountain. There is also a singular ledge opposite Mill moun- tain,called the Devil's Sliding-place. On the S. it breaks abruptly into a precipice of nearly 300 feet, while on the N., cattle may be driven to the top. The settlement of this town commenced in 1788, by Caleb and Benjamin Smith; in the year following, several other families ar- rived, and their population is now 218. There are no settled minis- ters in this place. Pop. 218.
PIERMONT, a post-township, in Grafton county, in lat. 43º 58', is bounded N. by Haverhill, E. by Warren, S. by Orford, W. by Brad- ford, Vt. containing 23,000 acres. It is 70 miles from Concord andi 132 from Boston. The soil, espe- cially on the Connecticut, is good. The meadows or intervals, are ex- tensive, and in some instances highly cultivated. The plains, ad- joining the meadows, are compo- sed of sandy loam, and in some pla- ces inclined to marle, and are fa- vorable to the growth of wheat, corn and every kind of grain and of grass. Back from the river, the town is made up of swells of fine grazing and mowing land well wa- tered with brooks and springs. The forest trees on the river are white pine ; E. from the river, sugar ma- ple, birch, elm, bass and every spe- cies of timber found in the country. In the N. E. part of the town are Ithree considerable ponds, called
72
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Eastman's ponds. On a plain, be-][and the N. E. Icorner of Bedford, tween these ponds, and on Coos where it falls into Merrimack river. turnpike, 6 miles from Haverhill corner, is the seat of the late Col. Tarleton, formerly counsellor and sheriff of Grafton county. From these ponds, issues Eastman's brook, which passing in a S. E. di- rection, falls into Connecticut riv- er, forming a number of excellent- mill seats. Indian brook, on which mills are erected, is in the S. part. There is a small island in Connec- nicut river in the S. W. part of this town, called Barron's island. In the N. part is an extensive quar- ry of stones disposed in layers,con- venient for mill stones and various uses in building. The charter of Piermont was granted Nov. 6,1764, to John Temple and 59 others. The settlement commenced in 1770. The congregational church was gathered in 1771. Rev. John Richards was settled in 1776. He continued his labors till 1802, when his advanced age deprived the church and socie- ty of his usefulness. He died in Vermont in 1814. Rev. Jonathan Hovey was settled in 1810 for 5 years. Rev. Robert Blake, a gen- tleman from England, commenced his services here in 1819. There is a society of baptists ; and also one of methodists, over which the Rev. Dan Young formerly presi- ded. Pop. 1000.
PIGWACKET. . See Pequawkett. PILOT, a mountain. See Kil- kenny.
PINE river, is a small stream, issuing from a pond in Wakefield, and passing N. W. into Ossipee lake.
PISCATAQUOG river is formed of two principal branches, one from Francestown, the other from Hen- niker and Deering, which unite and form the main stream near the W. line of Goffstown. It pursues a S. easterly course through Goffstown
PISCATAQUOG village, on the river of the same name and near its mouth, in the N. E. part of Bed- ford, contains 20 dwelling houses, a neat and handsome meeting-house, a post office, 2 attorneys' offices, 3 stores, 1 tavern and a number of mechanics' shops. A handsome bridge is constructed over the Pis- cataquog in this village, 60 feet in length. Since the Union Canal commenced operation, the boating business to this place has been car- ried on with much success. Sever- al of the stores are so situated that by the assistance of a lock at the mouth of the river, the boats may be brought up under them, and their freight hoisted from the boats into the stores-by which the vicinity is supplied with the heavy articles of salt, lime, iron, fish, plaster, &c. at the Boston prices with the addi- tion of a small sum for freight .- On the S. side of the river below this village, is a public landing place, extending to the Merrimack, and from this place lumber of all descriptions from the circumjacent country, is conveyed down the riv- er to market by rafts and boats to Newburyport, and through the Mid- dlesex canal, to Charlestown and Boston. The rise and present flour- ishing appearance of this village is owing, in a great measure, to the enterprize and industry of William Parker and Isaac Riddle, esquires, who were the first to commence the mercantile business in this place. William Parker, Esq. who died in July, 1819, and Hon. James Parker, a senator in the legislature, in 1819, who died in 1822, resided in this village.
PISCASSICK, a small river, rises in the N. E. part of Brentwood, and
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passes through New-Market into the |}by Lebanon, E. by Grantham, S. by Lamprey river at Durham.
PITTSFIELD, post-town, Rock- ingham county, in lat. 43º 15', con- tains an area of 14,921 acres, 94 of1 which are water. It is bounded N. E. by Barnstead, S. E. by Strafford and Northwood, S. W. by Chiches ter and Epsom, and N. W. by Lou- don. Pittsfield has a very uneven and rocky surface, but its soil is generally fertile. Suncook river passes through this town from N. to S. furnishing numerous mill seats. Catamount mountain stretches a- cross the S. E. part of the town, from the summit of which the ocean is visible. Berry's pond is situated on this mountain, being about half a mile in length, and 50 rods wide- supplied by springs in the moun- tain. A stream issuing from it furnishes four mill seats. East of this is Wild-goose pond, 1 1-2 miles long, 1 wide. West of these ponds the magnetic-needle varies materi- ally. There are also three other ponds in Pittsfield-Shaw's, Eaton's and Bachelder's. This town was settled in 17-, by John Cram and others; and in 1789 the congr.church was formed, and Rev. Christopher Page settled. He was dismissed in 1795. Rev. Benjamin Sargent was settled over a baptist church in 1801, and died in 1818. There is a large society of free-will baptists, over which Elder Ebenezer Knowl- ton presides. There is also a soci- ety of friends. Pittsfield social library was incorporated in 1804- has about 100 volumes. The spotted fever raged here with much violence in 1813-14, during which 84 persons fell its victims. Number of deaths since the first settlement of the town, 483. Pop. 1170.
Cornish, and W. by Hartland, Vt. containing 23,221 acres. It is 12 miles from Dartmouth college, 55 from Concord, and 111 from Boston. The forest trees, on the river, are pine ; on the highlands, maple, beech, birch, elm. There is con- siderable valuable interval, on Con- necticut river, and in other parts are excellent meadows. There are two ponds. At the S. W. part of this town, in Connecticut river, is Hart's island, which contains 19 acres. Waterqueechy falls are in this town. A bridge was erected here in 1807. A small stream flow- ing from Croydon mountains, waters this town. Plainfield has a pleasant village, situated on a hand- some plain, through the centre of which the street passes N. and S. There are two meeting houses and two congregational churches. On a pleasant eminence in Meriden parish, is located " The Union Academy," incorporated June 16, 1813. It is endowed with a perma- nent fund, of $40,000, the liberal bequest of the late Hon. DANIEL KIMBALL,, the interest of which as directed by his last will, is to be applied as follows, viz .- $150 an- nually to the support of a Calvinist- ic preacher, and the remainder for the instruction of pious young men for the ministry. This seminary is in a flourishing condition. Plain- field was granted Aug. 14 1761, and was settled in 1764, by L. Nash and J. Russell. The name is de- rived from a place in Connecticut, where the proprietors held their first meeting. A congregational church was formed in 1765 and Rev. Abra- ham Carpenter was ordained the same year, and was afterwards dis- missed. Rev. Experience Ester- brooks was settled June 6, 1787;
PLAINFIELD, a post-town in Cheshire county, on Connecticut river, in lat. 43º 33', is bounded N. dismissed April 19, 1789. Rev.
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Siloam Short was ordained 1799; died Sept. 1803. Rev. David Dick- inson was ordained July 4, 1804; dismissed in Feb. 1819. Rev. Micaiah Porter was installed July 19, 1805. The second church,which is in Meriden parish, consists of members belonging to this town and Grantham. Rev. Dana Clayes was ordained July 4, 1821. There is a baptist society, of which the church was formed in 1792. Rev. Jona- than Cram was ordained in Aug. 1793. Pop. 1460.
PLAISTOW, a small township, Rockingham county, in lat. 42º 50/, is bounded N. W. by Hampstead, N. E. by Kingston and Newtown, S. E. and S. W. by Haverhill, Ms. W. by Atkinson-contains 6,839 acres, and is 36 miles from Concord, 30 from Portsmouth, and 35 from Boston. Plaistow was originally a part of Haverhill, and included in the purchase of the Indians, Nov. 15, 1642, and its settlement com- menced early, but the precise time cannot be ascertained. Among the first settlers were Capt. Charles Bartlett, Nicholas White, Esq. Dea. Benjamin Kimball and J. Harriman. Their posterity now inhabit the town. After it became annexed to New-Hampshire, a charter was granted, Feb. 28, 1749. The soil of this town is good, being a mix- ture of black loam, clay or gravel. The N. W. part of the town is rocky, and mineral substances have been discovered. Clay abounds near the centre-and a great number of springs water the fields and pas- tures. The principal stream is for- med near the centre of the town by the confluence of two smaller streams, one from Kingston, the other from Hampstead. The con- gregational church was gathered here Dec. 2, 1730, and Rev. James Cushing settled, who died May 13,H mountainous. There is a small,
1764. Rev. Gyles Merrill succeed- ed him March 6, 1765, and died April 27, 1801, aged 62. Both were graduates of Cambridge, and emin- ent men. The congregational so- ciety is in connexion with the N. par- ish in Haverhill. There are small societies of baptists and methodists, each of which have occasional preaching. Rev. Messrs. True Kimball, formerly of Newbury; Rev. Francis Welch, of Amesbury ; Rev. Asa Eaton, episcopal clergyman in Boston ; Rev. Samuel Gile, of Mil- ton ; Rev. Moses Welch, of Ames- bury, and Rev. Johnson Chase, of New-York, were natives of this town. Deac. J. Harriman, said to have been the first man in N. H. who embraced baptist sentiments, died here in 1820, aged 97. Pop. 563.
PLYMOUTH, a post town, and the half shire of Grafton county, in lat. 43º 44', is bounded E. by Holderness, from which it is sepa- rated by Pemigewasset river, W. by Rumney and part of Hebron, N. by Campton and S. by Bridgewater. It contains 16,256 acres. It is 75 miles N. W. from Portsmouth, 31 from Haverhill, and 40 from Con- cord. This town is well watered. Besides numerous smaller streams, there are two rivers, Pemigewasset and Baker's, both of which are of considerable importance. They take their rise in the height of land between the Connecticut and Mer- rimack, called the eastern ridge. Baker's river is 30 miles in length. The soil is tolerably good, and, in general, is well cultivated. The prevailing kinds of wood are beech, maple, birch, hemlock, and white pine. The land is divided into up- land and interval. The proportion of the former to the latter is about seven eighths. The upland is
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but pleasant village in this place, ||of Grafton county, and Dr. John containing 37 dwelling houses. The Rogers, an eminent physician, and somewhat distinguished for his po- etical powers, resided in this town. Pop. 1000. church, a neat building, with a steeple, stands on a hill at the N. E. corner of the town, and com- mands an extensive prospect. There is a social library containing 164 volumes. There is a musical so- ciety, incorporated in 1808, and a religious tract society, formed in 1819. Plymouth was granted July 15, 1763, to Joseph Blanchard, Esq. and others. The first settlement commenced in August, 1764, by Zacharialı Parker and James Ho- bart, who, before the succeeding winter, were joined by Jotham Cumings, Josiah Brown, Stephen Webster, Ephraim Weston, David Webster and James Blodgett, all of whom except Mr. Weston were from Hollis. The congregational church was gathered in 1765. Rev. Nathan Ward was ordained its pastor at Newburyport, July 10, 1765. He died in June, 1804, aged 83, having been dismissed April 22, 1794. Rev. Drury Fairbank was ordained Jan. 1, 1800; dismissed March 18, 1818. In August the same year, Rev. Jonathan Ward commenced his ministerial labors. A methodist church was formed in 1803. The intervals in this town were formerly the resort of Indians for hunting. At the mouth of Ba- ker's river, they had a settlement, where Indian graves, bones, &c. have been found ; also gun barrels, stone mortars, pestles and other utensils. Here, it is said, the In- dians were attacked by Capt. Baker and a party from Haverhill, Ms. who defeated them, killed a number and destroyed a large quantity of fur. From him, Baker's river de- rives its name. Dea. Noah John- son, one of Lovewell's men, died in Plymouth in the 100th year of his age .. David Webster, E'sq. sheriff country present a delightful assem-
PONDICHERRY, name of a mountain, &c. See Jefferson.
POPLIN, post-township, Rocking- ham county, in lat. 43º, is 24 miles from Portsmouth, 33 fron Concord, and 50 from Boston. It is bounded N. by Epping, E. by Brentwood, S. by a corner of Kingston, and by Hawke and Sandown, W. by Ches- ter and Raymond ; and contains 10,320 acres. There is a small pond in the N. part of the town cal- led Loon pond ; and the town is watered by Squamscot, or Exeter river, beside several small streams. The soil is generally of a good quality, and the surface of the town is not broken by highı hills. Spruce swamp is in the E. part of the town. The meeting-house is situated near the centre of the town. A methodist church has existed here for several years, over which Rev. Orlando Ifinds pre- sides. Poplin was incorporated June 22, 1764; the date of its first settlement is not ascertained. The inhabitants are principally indus- trious farmers. Pop. 453.
PORTSMOUTH, a post-township. in the county of Rockingham,is tlie principal town in the state, and the only sea-port which it contains. It is situated in lat. 43º 5'; long. 6º 23' E. from Washington ; and bounded N. W. by Newington, N. E. by Pascataqua river, which sep- arates it from Maine, S. E. and S. by Rye, W. by Greenland and Newington. Portsmouth is built on a beautiful peninsula, on the S. side of the river ; and, as seen from the towers of the steeples, the river, harbor, points, islands, and adjacent
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blage of objects. In the W. and street, and at high tides flowed over Rogers' field to the S. mill pond. The channel of this creek, in Pleas- ant street, has been filled up within fifty years. The N. mill-pond for- merly extended from Nathaniel Adams',S. E. through Vaughn street, to John Melcher's house ; and the S. mill-pond (or rather the marshes around it) extended through Jaffrey street to the Hay-market. From the peculiar advantages of its situa- tion, Portsmouth appears almost wholly to have escaped the ravages of the Indians. Secured on three sides by the Pascataqua, the ocean, and an inlet, it was accessible to the savages only by the isthmus which connects it with the main ; and across that a stockade fence was extended for defence. The N. parts of the town are some beau- tiful and productive gardens. This town originally included New-Cas- tle, Rye, Greenland and a part of Hampton (now North-Hampton.) It was settled under the auspices of Sir Ferdinando Gorges and Capt. John Mason, in 1623, and was in- corporated by charter in 1633. That part of it which lies round Church hill, extending N. towards Rindge's wharf, and W. towards the academy was originally called Strawberry- Bank. The first house of which we have any account, erected in what is now the compact part of the town, was built by Humphrey Chadbourne, and according to tra- dition, stood near the corner of Court and Pond streets. It was called the " Great house," and is settlements were also compact, and frequently referred to in our early the number of inhabitants, at an early date considerable. There are in Portsmouth seven churches, 2 for congregationalists, 1 for inde- pendents, 1 for episcopalians, 1 for universalists. 1 for baptists, 1 for methodists ; a court-house ; jail ; a branch of the U. S. bank ; 4 other banks ; a loan office ; several print- ing-offices, and several extensive book-stores ; 2 insurance offices ; an academy ; alms-house ; 2 markets ; a custom-house ; 280 stores ; 2 ex- tensive rope-walks; 3 distilleries, &c. A large brick market, 2 stories high, was erected in 1800, near the centre of the town, the upper story of which, called Jefferson-Hall, makes a commodious town-house. This market is constantly supplied with good provision. Back of Mer- chant's Row stands the Fish-mar- ket. In 1822, the wealthy and enterprising citizens of this town connected Portsmouth with Kittery in Maine, by two bridges, one 480 feet in length, supported by 20 fram- ed sections of piers ; the other 1750 histories. Within the memory of the present generation, a garrison house stood in Water street, at the head of Jacob Sheafe's wharf, an- other in Fore street on Moffatt's wharf, and a third at the ferry-ways. These were probably the principal houses on " the Bank." The first meeting-house stood on Pleasant street, near Doct. Goddard's house. After a short time, it was taken down; and another erected on the hill beyond the S. bridge. The S. mill was granted to John Pickering, on condition of his making a foot bridge over the mill-pond for per- sons to pass to and from meeting. On the erection of the present N. and S. meeting-houses, and a divis- ion of the parishes, the old meeting- house was made a school house. Except the garrison houses above mentioned, the earliest, settlements were probably on the South road. The creek, which flows across Water street (under Liberty bridge) formerly extended to Pleasant
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