USA > New York > Albany County > Albany > Bi-centennial history of Albany. History of the county of Albany, N. Y., from 1609 to 1886. With portraits, biographies and illustrations > Part 1
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Olin + F 18.7 A3 HE5 1886a
CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
1
3 1924 080 795 127
All books are subject to recall after two weeks 2 LIPPEKroch Library DATE DUEWEX
GAYLORD
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1865
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DUYEZRA
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Your andy fallunsell
To whose Memory this work is respectfully Medicated.
BI-CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF ALBANY.
HISTORY
OF THE
COUNTY OF ALBANY,
N. Y.,
FROM 1609 TO 1886.
WITH PORTRAITS, BIOGRAPHIES AND ILLUSTRATIONS.
HOWELL.
TENNEY.
ASSISTED BY
LOCAL WRITERS.
NEW YORK: W. W. MUNSELL & CO., PUBLISHERS, 1886.
i
PREFACE.
HIS volume is the work of many writers. It will therefore exhibit various characteristics of style, and each writer will be responsible only for what he wrote, and the Editor-in- Chief answers only for the outward form of expression, and not for the substance of the narrative.
The publishers have shown no little perseverance in overcoming obstacles in the progress of the work, and have spared no pains or expense to secure a valuable history for the subscribers and the public.
An exhaustive history of Albany and its many thousands of citizens would need twenty volumes of the size of this to include a full history of all the men, women and events that have contributed both directly and indirectly to its history and present prosperity.
A judicious selection of material has, therefore, been found necessary, and even some prun- ing to make publication possible.
The issue of the work has been delayed beyond our hopes and expectations simply on account of the immense labor in accumulating facts and reducing them to a connected narrative.
Not only was it necessary to embody here for the present generation the history of the past, but also to present a pen picture of what Albany and Schenectady Counties are at the present time for the benefit of future generations.
It has been the aim of the publishers to have given also biographies of some of the represent- ative men of all professions, and a representative exhibit of the various industries in the two counties.
It is the hope of all concerned in the book that a valuable contribution to the history of two of the oldest counties in the State is now offered to the public.
George R. Howell . Editor-in-chief.
4
PREFACE.
HE part we have performed in the preparation of this History of the County and City of Albany is indicated at the headings of the principal divisions and in the Table of Contents. The labor involved in this planning, writing and editing is far greater than we had anticipated, or than any but a careful historian can appreciate.
We have had valuable aid in special contributions from writers whose names are given; and many others have contributed facts and suggestions which have been gratefully received.
We have sought for " the truth of history" from every source in our reach, and patiently gathered what seemed best fitted to our purpose.
We could have made a smaller volume, but many facts and factors demanded recognition. More easily we could have made a larger one, but duty to our worthy publishers urged all possible condensation.
We think all will notice with approval the strictly topical presentation and discussion of our subjects. We have tried to make a book of facts, well selected and well arranged. We have sacrificed nothing to figures of speech or " words of learned length."
We commit this volume, with its excellencies and defects, to the friends who have encouraged us, and whom we have tried to please; and to no one with more confidence than to the honest and faithful student of history, who will most readily appreciate what is good and pardon what is faulty in it.
Editor.
INDEX .
HISTORY OF ALBANY COUNTY.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
I. OUTLINE HISTORY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (edited by Prof. Jonathan Tenney) I-II
Chapter I. Discovery of New York. Indians of the Five Nations. I
Chapter II. New York under the Dutch. English Governors to 1765 2
Chapter III. War with France and Commence- ment of the Revolution 4
Chapter IV. Revolutionary Events in New York. The State Government established .. 6
Chapter V. The War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain 7
Chapter VI. Internal Improvements. Constitu- tional Amendments, Schools, Statistics .. 9
11. HISTORY OF THE COUNTY OF ALBANY (by
Prof. Jonathan Tenney). 12-432
Topography I2
Sand Surface. 12
Geography: Hills, Islands, Ponds, Rivers, Hud- son River
Geology: Soil.
12 17 18
Mineralogy
Paleontology 19
Botany ..
21
Natural History: Quadrupeds, Birds, Fishes, Reptiles, Entomology .. 29
Meteorology: Tables of Rainfall and Tempera- ture. 32
Iroquois Indians: Indian Lands, the Indian Edu- cation and Christianity. Indian Treaties, Telegraph Business. . 322-324 Trade and other affairs, Indian Commissioners 34 Early Discovery: Verrazano, Henry Hudson and Agriculture in Albany County 326 Telephone and Messenger Service 325 his followers. .329 Farm Animals.
42 44
The United New Netherlands Company. 45 45
The Dutch West India Company.
The Dutch Governors 46 48
The First Settlement.
Rensselaerwyck and Beverwyck.
49
Stuyvesant and the English Conquest .
67
Organization, Divisions and Boundary of the County 69
Outline Sketches of the Towns of the County: Berne, Bethlehem, Coeymans, Cohoes, Guil- derland, Knox, New Scotland, Rensselaerville, Watervliet, Westerlo . 72
History of the Board of Supervisors, by L. B. Proctor 80-123
The Bench and Bar; or, Legal History: Robert Yates, John Lansing, Jr., Abraham Van Vechten, John V. IIenry, John V. N. Yates, Martin Van Buren, Benjamin F. Butler, Greene C. Bronson, Marcus T. Reynolds, Samuel Stevens, John C. Spencer, James Edward, Azor Taber, Amos Dean, Henry G. Wheaton, Nicholas Hill, Peter Cagger, Ira Harris, Rufus W. Peckham, Lewis Benedict and list of living lawyers, by L. B. Proctor. 123-154 Judges and other Court Officers. 154
Biographies of Lawyers, with portraits, by L. B.
Proctor
155-202
Medicine in Albany County: Chronological
List of County Medical Society, Officers of
the Society, hy Dr. F. C. Curtis. . .
. . 203-222
Introduction and Progress of Homoeopathy, by
Dr. H. M. Paine. .
222-230
Eclectic Medical Society
230
Female Physicians
230
Biographies of Physicians, with Portraits ... .231-241
Biographical Notes of some Physicians .. . . . . 241-247
History of Education: Dutch Colonial, English Colonial, Higher and Professional, After the
Revolutionary War, County Superintendents, Teachers' Institutes, Geological Survey, Re- gents of the University, General Notes. ... . 248-269
Table of Villages, Post Offices, Railway Sta- tions, Distances, Local Names, etc. 269
History of Population
.271 -276
Anti-Rentism, by Hon. A. J. Colvin. . . 277-285
The Manor and the Van Rensselaers: Attorneys, Legal Points, Sketches of the Patroons, Hen- drick Van Rensselaer Branch, Females .. ... . 286-292
Land Patents, Settlements, Leases, Titles and
Boundaries.
.293-295
The Beaver and the Fur Trade. .296-3CO
Slavery
.300-303
Homicides, by Elisha Mack .304-309
Travel and Transportation. 309-313
Railroads: Central, Hudson River, Albany and Vermont, Boston and Albany, West Shore, Susquehanna, Albany and Depots (see also P. 676). 313-317
Express Business: American, National, Western, Baggage 317-322
66 Horticulture, Floriculture and Rural Literature. 333
New York State Agricultural Society 335
66
Albany County Agricultural Society.
336
The Shakers
.337-340
Temperance Work. - 340-344
Secret Temperance Orders: Sons of Temper- ance, Temple of Honor, Good Templars. ... 344-346 The Old Stadt Huys, or City Hall. 346
Albany County Jails.
· 347-349
County Alms-House. .349-352
Penitentiary . 352
County Legislative Officers: Senators, Assembly- men; also Treasurers 353-356 Journalists and Journalism, with Biographies: Jesse Buel, Moses I. Cantine, William Cas- sidy, Edwin Crosswell, Sherman Crosswell, Ilugh J. Hastings, Charles R. Webster, Thur- low Weed, and other biographies with por- traits . . 356-374
Albany County Press: Past, Present, Outside of Albany 375-378 English Colonial Governors of New York. . 379-382
Colonial Military Affairs and Wars in Albany
County
382
King William's War
384
Queen Anne's War
386
King George's War
387
L'AGE
New Netherlands: the English Claim.
ii
INDEX.
PAGE
Old French and Indian Wars. 388
American Revolutionary Period: Militia of 1775 -76, Mayor and Common Council, Committee of Safety, Colonial, Provincial and Continental Assemblies, Continental Conventions. . 391-419
War of 1812. 419-422
The War with Mexico 422
War of the Rebellion ( sce also " Military Organization " on pp. 709-718). .423-428
West Point Cadets. 429
County Inspectors. 429
Board of Charities: Its Work in Albany County, by Mrs. E. L. Tenney 429-432
III. UNITED STATES BUILDINGS AND INSTITUTIONS
IN ALBANY COUNTY: U. S. Arsenal; Govern- ment Building ; Albany Post Office; U. S. Custom-House; U. S. Internal Revenue Office; Steamboat Inspectors; U. S. Circuit Court; U. S. District Court; U. S. Signal Service; United States Officers, Natives or Residents of Albany, by Prof Jonathan Tenney, Editor . 433-441
IV. STATE BUILDINGS AND OFFICERS IN ALBANY CO .: Constitutional Conventions; Constitutional Commission; Public State Officers; Governors' Mansions in Albany; State Legislatures; Old State Hall; Geological Hall; New State Hall; The Old Capitol; The New Capitol; Stone- work, by Prof. Jonathan Tenney, Editor. . . 441-457
V. HISTORY OF THE CITY OF ALBANY, Prof. Jonathan Tenney, Editor: Early History, Settlement, Made a City, Natural Features, Relations to the County, Situations, Names, Boundaries and Changes, Square Miles, Rela- tions to the River and the Sea .458-774
Municipal History and Charters. . 461-485
Navigation of the Hudson: Steamboats, Ferries, Bridges Across the Hudson. 485-496
Docks, Wharves and Basin of Albany, by Gen. S. V. Talcott. -503 Sewerage of Albany 503
Streets of Albany 504
Water Supply 512
Street Lighting 515
Public Parks. 517
Street Railways
519
Fire Department
V Erie Canal as related to Albany . .
Albany Insurance Companies. . .
Banks and Bankers; Savings Banks; with Biogra- phies of Bankers. .. 527-555
Manufacturing Interests of Albany, with Biogra- phies of Manufacturers. 555-609 Commercial Interests of Albany 609-651 Albany Hotels 651
Public Halls 654
Police Department 654
Mayors of Albany: Biographical Sketches . 657-666
Views in Albany about 1800. Illustrated 666
Old Houses and Landmarks. Illustrated 672
Churchyards and Cemeteries. 674
Mohawk and Hudson River Railroad. 676
City Buildings : Old City Hall; New City Hall; City Building. 677
Schools and other Literary Institutions : Union University ; Normal School ; Law School ; Dudley Observatory; Albany Academy; Al. bany Female Academy; Convent and Academy of the Sacred Heart; St. Agnes' School; Chris- tian Brothers' Academy; Alhany Business Col- lege; Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle; Industrial School; State Library; Albany Insti- tute; Young Men's Association; Dana Natural History Society; The Dickens Club; Public Ed- ucation ; Lancaster School ; Public Schools ; High School; Tables . 679-699
Printers and Printing. 699
Law Book Publishers 702
PAGE
Photography. 702
The Albany Stage, by Henry P. Phelps. 703
Dentistry . 707
Centennial Celebration, July 22, 1786 709
Military Organizations. Aided by Major McFar- lane, Sergeant Wolfe, and others. 709-718
Secret Orders: Free Masons; Odd Fellowship; Knights of Pythias. 718
Mutual Aid Societies 721
Political Clubs. 721
Labor and Laborers 722
Colored People of Albany 725
St. Andrew's Society 726
St. George's Benevolent Society 726
Public Bath 727
Christian Work : City Tract and Missionary So- ciety; Young Men's Christian Association; So- ciety of St. Vincent de Paul; Orphan Asylum; St. Vincent's Female Orphan Asylum; Orphans' Home of St. Peter's Church; House of Shelter; Home for the Friendless; Home for Aged Men; Children's Friend Society ; Child's Hospital; Women's Christian Temperance Society; Open Door Mission; Hospital for Incurables; Wo- men's Union Missionary Society; Woman's Ex- change; Women's Indian Association. 727
The Albany Woman's Suffrage Society, by Miss Kate Stoneman .. .735-737 Art and Artists, by Mrs. E. L. Tenney 737-739
Engraving.
739
Architecture. 739
Surveyors and Engineers 741
Music in Albany. 742
Social Clubs and Sporting Associations 745
Military Bands and Orchestra 748
Religious Institutions: Adventists ; Baptists ; Catholic; Christian; Congregational; Episco- pal; Evangelical; Hebrew; Liberal; Lutheran; Methodists; Presbyterian; Quakers; Reformed; Spiritualists; Unitarian; Universalist. Assisted by Revs. C. A. Walworth, G. W. Dean, W. W. Battershall, J. L. Reese, D. L. Schwartz, P. P. Harrover, E. F. Gee, II. M. King, Max Schlesenger, Hon. A. B. Pratt, M. McGowan, Esq., and others . 749-774
TOWNS AND VILLAGES OF ALBANY COUNTY, Rev. George R. Howell, Editor:
(See, also, Outline Sketches in Table of Contents)
· Berne, by Rev. Robert Doig 775-800
Bethlehem, by Jacob S. Markle 800-823
Coeymans, by Jacob S. Markle.
824-840
Cohoes, by Rev. Wm. M. Johnson .949-974
Guilderland .
.840-869
Knox .869-889
New Scotland, by Jacob S. Markle .889-911
Rensselaerville, by Norman W. Faulke 911-921
Westerlo, by Jacob S. Markle. . 921-928
Watervliet, by Jacob S. Markle . 929-949
West Troy, by V. J. Oothout.
.974-997
Green Island, by V. J. Oothout
.994-997
GENERAL INDEX TO HISTORY OF ALBANY COUNTY.
Agriculture. Sce County . ALBANY, CITY OF-
Architecture 739
Art and Artists
737
Basin, Docks and Wharves.
496
Banks and Banking
Board of Contract and Apportionment
527, 538
Equalization of Taxes. 116
483
Bonded Debt paid since 1851.
108
Bridges .
Budget, City and County 493
99, 102, 104, 106, 107, 108, 483
519
523
526
Assessors 485
iii
INDEX.
PAGE
Buildings, The City. 677, 678
and Builders
587
Cemeteries. See Churchyards. >
Audits of, Publication of 106
Banks 485
and Bankers 527
designated for Deposit 483
Savings 533
Basin, The Albany 499
Bath, Public.
727
Beaver and Fur Trade, The . 296-393
Bench and Bar of 123-203
Beverwyck and Rensselaerwyck. 49-66
Birds of. 29
100-102 Board of Canvassers. 82
Charities. 429-432
. 80-122
Supervisors
.80-123
Books of Records.
115, 122
Boundaries of.
292
Botany of .
21-28
Bounty Fund.
100
Budget
98, 99, 104, 108
82, 86, 106
Insurance Companies. 526
Lamps, Gas and Electric Lighting, Bureau of .. 512
Law School, The. 680
Manufacturing Interests of 555
Marshal, The
484
Mayors of, The. 83-126, 657-666
Court, The I26
Municipal History of .
461-485
Music in
742
Officers
477-480
Appointed by Mayor. 482
= Election of. 485
Fees and Salaries of .. 484
Pavements
509
Physicians of 483
484
Protective Patrol 527
Parks, Public 517
Receiver of Taxes 482
Salaries and Fees of Officers of 484
679
Sewerage of
503
Steamboat Inspectors
438
Steamboats 487
Street Commissioner 483
Department
511
Improvements.
512 515
Lighting
Railways.
519
504
484
Faxes. See Budget.
Board of Equalization of. 116
Table of Equalization of, 1872-73, 1883
103, 104, 106, 120
Receiver of 482
Rates of.
122
Treasurer's Report.
122
Town Boundaries, Alteration of.
84
Union of City and County Affairs
82
Valuation of, The Equalized.
122
Views in, about 1800, Some 666
Water Supply. 512
Weights and Measures, Inspector of. 484
Sealer of 108
ALBANY COUNTY-
Agriculture in 326
Agricultural Literature in. .
333
Society of.
336
Alms-House 349-352
Amendments, Constitutional 9
Anti-Rentism in. 277-285
Architecture in Albany 739
Art and Artists.
737
Assembly, Members of, from 354
PAGE
Assessors
485
Attorney-General. 442
Canal, The Erie ..
523
Chamberlain, The City 83, 478-482
Christian Work in ..
727
Churchyards and Cemeteries 674
Commercial Interests of. 609
Corporation, Executive Power of. 481 Counsel of the 482
Docks and Wharves.
496-499
Engineer and Surveyor, The.
. 483-512
Excise
Fecs, Official. See Salaries
Ferries, The
489
Fire Alarm Telegraph
521
" Department.
Prevention of
485
= Hall, The
114-116
= History of. 458-461
Inspectors of Weights and Measures. 484
Steamboats 438
Charities, Board of.
429-432
Claims against the.
86
Colonial Military Affairs and Wars in
383-390
Constitutional Conventions, in, State.
441
District Attorney 83, 84, 86, 117
123
Education, History of ..
248-270
Entomology of.
30
Express Business in.
317
Farm Animals in ..
329
Farming in
326
Fishes of.
30
Floriculture iu
333
Geography of
12
Geology of. .
17
Hills. . 12
History of, The Early
Board of Supervisors .80-122
Bench and Bar of 123-203
Homicides in
304
Horticulture in
333
Indians in
34
.. Lands in
36
Education and Civilization in
37
Indian Treaties, Trades, etc .... Affairs, Commissioner of 41
40
Industries of, Special Officers connected with. Islands of. 13
429
Jails
.99, 347
Judges, Salary of.
103
Land, Surface of. 12
Lands of, The Public. 82 Land Patents, Settlements, Leases, Titles, etc., 292-295 Legislative Officers from. 353
Manor and Van Rensselaers, The. .286-291
Medicine in, History of .. . 203-247
Members of Assembly from. 354
Meteorology of.
32, 33
Mineralogy of.
18
Natural History of 29
Newspapers Published. See Journalists, etc. Officers, Public. 442
Organization and Division of. . 69
Overseers of the Poor. See Poor.
Paleontology of, The 19
Penitentiary, The ..
352
Population, History of .
271-276
Ponds of . 14
Press, The County 375
Prominent Lawyers 128
Quadrupeds of.
Railroads of
29
313
Rainfall of . .
33
Redistribution of.
113
Buildings Sites of, The. 82
Coroners . 116, 119, 121
Early Courts of ..
Officers. See Officers.
Property, Private, taken for Public Use.
80
Schools and Literary Institutions
Streets of.
Superintendent of Poor-House
Journalists and Journalism in. 356-378
Theatres in
703
Finance
519
Charter, The General Provisions of.
484
iv
INDEX.
Registry Laws
98
Rivers of. .
14
Salaries of Officials. 84
School Commissioners 266
Senators, United States, from
353
Severe Punishments 125
Sheriff, The
Slavery in. 300
Soil. 18
Special Sessions 97
Superintendents in County Schools. 265
Supervisors, The Board of, History of. 80
66
Powers of Local Legislation of. 85
66
Proceedings of, 1861-84. 92-123
Salaries of . .
84, 85
Sessions of, 86, 98, 99, 102-104, 106, 108, 109, 112, 116, 117, 120
Standing Committees of. 103
66 Statutory and Legal History of 82
State of New York: Its Buildings, Public Offices, etc., in. 441
Supreme Court.
126
under the First State Constitu- tion .
130
Surrogates
155 117
" Receiver of
482
Teachers in, Early. 265
Telegraph Business in.
325
Telephone and Messenger Service 325
Temperature of.
33
Temperance Work in 340-346
Topography of. 12
Travel and Transportation in. .
Treasurer's Reports and Statements,
98, 99, 101, 105, 108, 113, 132, 355, 482
United States Officers, Public Buildings, and other Institutions in .. 433
War Loan Bonds of 107
Watchman of Clerk's Office. 115
Biographies of Physicians 241
Birds of the County
29
Board of Canvass
82
Charities 426
Contract and Appropriation 483
Finance
482
60 Equalization of Taxes. 116
Supervisors and the Penitentiary 83
Books of Record of County 115
Botany of the County 26
Boundaries 292
Buildings and Builders. 587
for the Insane.
97
County Sites of. 82
86
Bureau of Engineering and Surveying. 66 Lamps, Gas and Electric Lighting 512
512
Street Improvements. 512
Canal Commissioners. 443
Canvassers, Board of. 82
Capitol, The Old. 446
66 New
449
C Commissioners of.
450
Centennial Celebration of 1786, The. .
Census, U. S., of 1790-1880, in County .
276
Chamberlain, The City 83, 478
Aged Men, Home for 432, 732
Albany Orphan Asylum 431,729
Guardian Society and Home for the Friendless. 431, 731 .. City Hospital. 221,431
" Homoeopathic Hospital. 431
" House of Shelter .. 731
St. Vincent's Female Orphan. . . . . 432, 729
PAGE
Babies' Nursery
431
Bath, The Public
727
Buildings for the Insane 97
Children's Friend Society .
.431, 732
Child's Hospital
222, 431, 732
City Homoeopathic Hospital.
222
Female Orphan Asylum of St. Vincent. . . . 431, 432, 729 431 Friendless, Home for the
Guardian Society and Home for the Friendless. 431, 731 Home for the Aged, Little Sisters of the Poor Aged Men. .431, 432 432, 732
the Friendless and Guardian Society. 431
66 the Orphans of St. Peter's .. . 432, 729, 730
Hospital,
Albany City
. 221, 222, 431
222
Child's. . 222, 431, 732
Homeopathic and Dispensary . 105, 222, 229 66 for Incurables . 222, 734
St. Peter's
221, 222, 431
House of Shelter, The Albany 432, 731
Incurables, Hospital for. Insane, Buildings for
97
Juvenile Delinquents. 108
Little Sisters of the Poor
431,432
Albany Babies' Nursery 431
Open Door Mission.
432
Orphan Asylum, The Albany.
.431, 729
St. Vincent's Female.
432
Home of St. Peter's Church.
432, 729
St. Joseph's Industrial School.
Shelter, House of, The Albany 432, 731
St. Peter's Church, Orphan Home of. Hospital. 221, 222, 431
St. Vincent de Paul, The Society of.
728
309 St. Vincent's Female Orphan Asylum 432, 729
Charities, The Board of.
429
Charter, The General Provisions of. 484
Cholera Epidemic of 1832, The 214
Christian Work in Albany 727
CHURCHES-
Adventists. Baptists.
749
66 First. " African
749
Second
750
Calvary
750
66 Emanuel
750
State Street
750
Tabernacle 749
750
Street.
750
V Catholic (Roman) Assumption, Church of the. . 756,757 66 66 Holy Cross (German). 756
66
Immaculate Conception, Cath- edral of ..
754
Our Lady of Angels (German).
756 756
Our Lady Help of Christians. .. Sacred Heart of Jesus, Parish of
757
16 St. Ann's
756 754
16
St. Joseph's.
755
66 St. Patrick's
750 756 758 758
Congregational, First. 66 Second.
Evangelical.
762
German Associated, Church of ...
763
First German Lutheran. 763
St. John's.
763
St. Paul's
Episcopal.
758
All Saints, Cathedral of.
761
66 St. Paul's
760
St. Peter's
758
Trinity
760
Grace
762
C : IIoly Innocents
761
Hebrew
763
Alms- house
222
Public Bath 727 431
432, 730
749
750
Washington Avenue 66
St. John's.
St. Mary's
CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS- 66 Trinity 763 763
709
Shakers in 337 156
PAGE
Taxes . .
Members of, List of, 1818-84. 87-92
V
INDEX.
Hebrew, Anshe Emeth
763
66 Bethel.
763
Jacob.
763
Liberal.
763
" Albany Associated
764
Lutheran.
763
First German
763
66
66
Ferry Street.
768
Hudson Street. .
768
66
66
Open Door Mission.
431
Presbyterian.
768
66 First
769
Second
769
Third.
769
Fourth.
769
66
Fifth
769
Libraries, Early
260
Normal School.
. 266, 679
Private Education
258, 259
United .
770
West End
770
Quakers
770
Reformed
770
First
770
Second.
771
Third
771
Fourth
771
Holland
771
Spiritualists .. Universalists Unitarian .
772
Circuit Court United States.
439
Citizens' Association of Albany.
I2I
City Hall, The Rebuilding of. Officers.
477-479
Physicians.
483
Claims against the County 86
Clubs and Sporting Associations.
745
Cohoes Jail.
117
Colored People of.
725
Colonial Conferences
417
Dutch Period
2-248
66
English "
3-248
Commercial Interests of Albany.
609
Comptroller, The . 97,443
Congresses, State, Provincial and Continental. 418
Constitutional Commissions 442
Amendments 9
Contest over a Lawyer's Bill. 95
Contract and Apportionment Board. 483
Convention, The Provincial 418
Constitutional
418
Corporation Counsel, The. .481 -482 Coroner, The.
116, 119, 121
COURTS ---
Circuit .. 439
District, United States. 439
First after the Revolution .. 129
" at Albany under the Constitution. 130
Last Colonial at Albany. . 128
Mayor's.
I
Supreme, under first State Constitution. 130
County Bounty Fund. 100
Dentistry 707
Department, Fire, The.
519
Draft, Objections to the. 94
Discovery of New York. I
by Verrazano. 42
District Attorney of County, The. 86, 117
Dudley Observatory, The 682
Dutch Colonial Period. 248
" Governors, The. . 46
West India Company 45
Early Courts of Albany County 123
82
Early Teachers in Albany County
265
Education, History of . 248
EDUCATIONAL --
Albany Academy 683
685
Business College.
688 687 261
Dudley Observatory, The
682
Education, Higher and Professional.
260
Dutch and English Colonial. 248
High School.
697 688
Lancaster School
694
Law School
680
Sixth.
769
State Street.
770
694
Regents of the University
Sacred Heart, Academy of. 686
St. Agnes' School 687
St. Joseph's Industrial School.
432 266
School Commissioners ..
Schools after the Revolution 263
State Superintendence 268
Teachers' Institutes. 267
Elections 82, 117
Electors.
440
English Governors.
2
Engineer and Surveyor, The.
483
State. 443
Engraving
737
Entomology of the County
30
Excise .. .
100
Express Business in County 317
Farm Animals in County 329
Farming in County Ferries. 489
326
Finance, Board of.
482
Department.
519
Fire Alarm Telegraph.
521
Fires, The Prevention of. 485
First Settlement. 48
Fishes of the County
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