Bi-centennial history of Albany. History of the county of Albany, N. Y., from 1609 to 1886. With portraits, biographies and illustrations, Part 193

Author: Howell, George Rogers, 1833-1899; Tenney, Jonathan, 1817-1888
Publication date: 1886
Publisher: New York, W. W. Munsell & Co.
Number of Pages: 1452

USA > New York > Albany County > Albany > Bi-centennial history of Albany. History of the county of Albany, N. Y., from 1609 to 1886. With portraits, biographies and illustrations > Part 193

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The soil of this town is well adapted for the cul- tivation of all cereals, grass, potatoes and fruit. Hay is one of the principal crops. Extensive or- chards ofapple and plum trees are cultivated. Hops are becoming an important staple with many farmers, and a large area is planted throughout the town. The farmers are an intelligent class, and many of them adopt the progressive systems of rotation, manuring and the use of fertilizers. Much atten- tion is given to the improvement of neat cattle, and the careful crossing with improved breeds secures qualities that are very much desired. Many years ago Matthew Bullock, an Englishman, living in this town, introduced and imported some fine stock of short-horn breed, which for years proved to be of great benefit to the dairyman and farmer. Some of this original breed is yet in possession of his son. Mr. Joseph Hilton, an extensive farmer, has a fine herd of prize Devon cattle. Jersey cattle, noted for their butter qualities, are now largely supplanting other breeds.

Bee culture is becoming a business of much importance, requiring careful attention and close study. This industry is yet in its infancy ; old methods are giving place to improvements through practical experience and scientific knowledge. The following have extensive apiaries : Aaron Snyder, James Markle, Peter Livingston, Henry Martin.

Limestone is quite extensively quarried for build- ing purposes. Formerly the burning of lime was an industry of the township, but the increased cost of fuel brought the expenses above any profit and the business has been abandoned.

The acreage of forests is rapidly diminishing.

Let us consider what were some of the primary causes that induced many to emigrate from Holland and settle at Fort Orange and vicinity. The Di- rectors of the West India Company, located at Amsterdam, to encourage emigration, offered special inducements and allowed their members to buy and possess large tracts of land. Among those who took advantage of this offer was Killian Van Rensselaer, a director of this company, who se- cured for himself all the lands for twenty-four miles square on each side of the river at Fort Orange, about 1630. The patroon, in his anxiety to have this land settled, offered a special and liberal in- ducement, with free rental for a term of years to all who would occupy lands upon his patent. Up to 1664 the Dutch had control of the colony of New Netherlands, but now the English succeed and a change of government follows ; this did not interfere with the patroon's rights, yet at this time only 210 families had availed themselves of this

891

THE TOWNSHIP OF NEW SCOTLAND.

offer, and these were in proximity to Fort Orange. As the surrounding country was a heavy, dense forest, with roving bands of Indians, they remained near the settlement for protection, and where they could enjoy liberty of worship and other advantages. At this time (1660) an event of considerable im- portance takes place. Jan Hendrickse Van Baal, a servant of this West Ind a Company, purchases of four Mohawk chiefs, Canaghto, Schanwino, Canhowadadin and Sagodeimechta, a tract of land estimated to contain 69,000 acres, and defined as follows : "A certain parcel of land near Schenec- tady, lying and being by the kill or creek called by the Indian name, Towassontha, otherwise the Norman's Kill ; the said land stretching from the Sandy Hills northwest to an outlook of land which it also includes, containing in length and in breadth all the land as it lies in a square, together with the woodland, valley or meadow ground, hills and creeks, therein included."

The land was partly in Guilderland and Bethle- hem (now New Scotland), on both sides of the Norman's Kill, and was covered by the Van Rens- selaer patent.

This transaction was considered lawful, since Francis Lovelace, Governor-General under James, Duke of York, confirmed the Van Baal patent in 1672. Within a few years of this confirmation, Van Baal sold half of this patent to Jan Hendrickse Vroman, and, in 1686, Vroman and his wife, Geesie, sold the same to Omie de La Grange for one hundred beaver skins. In 1716 Omie de La Grange and Johannes Simonse Vedder purchased the remainder of the patent from the heirs for £250. Here, then, was the first settlements on the Norman's Kill by Isaac and Omie La Grange and Koenradt Koens, about 1700. Several of the set- tlers about New Scotland took leases from these families as early as 1716. As these lands were mostly of good quality and invited settlers, the patroon laid claim to them and began a lawsuit, which was decided by the arbitrator in his favor (the arbitrator having been bribed, as the Van Baal heirs asserted), and on the 6th day of July, 1776, after having had these lands in possession ninety years, Simon J. Vedder, Arie (Aurie) La Grange and Volkert Vedder, with sixty-three other families, gave up their possession to the patroon. This patent extended west as far as Samuel Taylor's, east of Salem. The de La Grange family was a Huguenot family, driven from France into Hol- land by persecution, and one of the first settlers in Albany was Jost de La Grange. *

The above is compiled from a sermon by Rev. James G. R. McClure, when pastor of New Scot- land Presbyterian church.

One of the first settlers in this town was Teunis Slingerland, from Holland. He located on the Onisquethau flats, and purchased a tract of land from the Indians, receiving a deed signed by three chiefs. This deed is said to be in existence, but cannot be obtained; so the writer cannot fix dates or vouch for the authenticity of the transaction. Tennis Slingerland married Engeltje, a daughter of Albert Andriessen Bradt. Slingerland built a dwelling and erected mills soon after getting pos- session, and descendants of this family occupy a part of this tract, which contains superior farming land. This family came about 1660 ; at the same time Storm and Jan Bradt and a family of Segers settled in the town. Many of their descendants are living in this and adjoining townships.

In 1685 a deed was given to Teunis Slingerland and Johannes Apple, his son-in-law, by the repre- sentatives of the three races or clans of the Ma- quaes (Wolf, Bear and Turtle), owners and native proprietors of all the land called O-nits-quat-haa. The following extracts from this deed are given:

Sa-go-a-di-och- qui-sax, To-ho-daa-we, Ro-jen- dre, Tap-in-dan-e-go, Ro-jon-jow, So-ha-ayn-tow- anne, being empowered by all the sachems of the three races of the Maquaes, and by On-i-gho-cen- da, one of the principal owners, for and in con- sideration of the following goods, to wit, one piece of shrift, three casks of rum, three kettles, three shirts, hundred and fifty hands white wam- pum, and one bag of powder, sell, transport, con- vey, &c., &c., to Teunis Slingerland and William Apple, his son-in-law, their heirs, &c., a certain tract of land lying on the north side of a certain creek called O-nits-quat-haa, to the westward of Albany, lying behind Norman's Creek, about six- teen miles into the woods, and marked on the east and west end by a Wolf, Bear and Turtle, &c.

Barent Pieterse* claimed that this land was in- cluded in his patent, bought of the sachems at Catskill, April, 1673, which the Maquaes denied, and declared they were the owners. Pieterse after a time gave up his claim, and the Slingerland deed was signed, 1685, by the following :

Mark. SAG-O-A-DI-OCH (Wolf) QUI-SAX, RO-JEN-DRA (Bear),

To-HO-DAA (Turtle) RAI-WE. (These marks are crude pictures of the animals named. )

Signed in presence of PIETER SCHUYLER, GARRET BAUCHRY, WILLIAM TELLER,

* This was Barent Pieterse Coeymans.

This tract is said to con- tain about 10,000 acres.

* Doc. History of New York.

892

HISTORY OF THE COUNTY OF ALBANY.

Recorded in Book of Deeds, No. 3, pp. 289 and 290, County Clerk's office.

1700 to 1750 .- During this period in the his- tory of our township a goodly number of immi- grants arrived and settled in different parts of this wilderness town. They represented several of the European states, and brought with them the cus- toms and peculiarities incident to their national education, and were a sturdy, industrious class, ready to meet the toil and privations that were be- fore them. They came with wife and children to secure a home and future inheritance for the enjoyment of their posterity.

These early settlers had much to contend with before the forests were cleared, and the fields and meadows tilled and shorn. This was when the Indian roved through these wild woods, and the sweet melody of nature's songs filled with music every hill and dell ; but, emulating the patience and self-denial of conscious manhood, they learned to overcome hardships and difficulties till time crowned their struggles with success. The history of many of these pioneers is full of romance and adventure, and could it be collected would form an interesting and exciting narrative. Their influ- ence did much to model and shape the future des- tinies of public affairs.

The following names represent some of the men who came at this time: Francis Moak, Jacob Hel- lenbeck, Andries Houck, David Delong, Jonathan Hoogtaling, Isaac Pryce, Adam and John Long, W. Van Atten Brates, John Mead, Hallers Thomp- sons, Albert and Jan Bradt, Conradt Hoogtaling, Wm. Van Allen, Albert Slingerland, Storm Bradt.

1750 to 1775 .- Up to this date the lands owned by the patroon were taken in possession by the settlers as squatters ; few of them held leases. Slow progress was made in clearing and cultivating the land, so many unfavorable conditions and dis- advantages to contend with that it required united efforts, with brave hearts and willing hands. The Slingerlands on the flats were in advance, and about this time erected the grist-mill near Clarks- ville. From 1750 to 1775 there was a large immi- gration of a sturdy, industrious class from Scot- land, Ireland, England and other European states, possessing an intelligence which inspired them with courage to promote the well-being of each other, and by their influence. give to the reformed religion an example worthy of Christianity. Ac- tuated by these high motives, the moral power thus exerted was soon felt in the material and moral progress and improvement of the colonists.

The names of many who represent the above are : Henrick Bouse, Johannes Seger, Derk Ter- wilger, Nicholas Sigsbee, Henrick Albright, John Wademan, Samuel Taylor, - Fuller, George Reid, George Swan, Ebenezer and John Wands, William and Charles McCulloch, David and Wil- liam Allen, McBrides, Pattersons, Moaks, Jack- sons, McCoughtrys, Ramsey, Kirklands, Bruce, Valks, Lenox, Congers, Anthony Waine, Wm. Pangburn, Samuel Erwin, Antone Slingerlant, Ingraham, Lampheres, and others.

1775 to 1800 .- Following this period, after the close of the Revolution, great progress and enlight- ened changes marked a new era in the order of events. Cessation of hostilities brought a change in the affairs of government, which guaranteed security to life and property; and during the next twenty years a new impulse was given the industries by a large in- flux of intelligent settlers from adjoining counties, who became the recognized public men of authority, and contributed to the civil, political and religious progress, the material prosperity and general wel- fare of the people. Some of these were Johannes Markle, Frederick Reinhart Fuller, Benjamin Van Zandt, Conrod Bowe, John Furbeck, Benjamin Winne, Mathias Young, Nicholas Van Schaack, M. and F. Van Wormer, Elias Mattise, John Mar- tin, John Stalker, Johnsons and De Reamers. Smiths, Mathias Winne, Richard Radliff. Many of their descendants are yet residents of the town, and with descendants of earlier settlers have occu- pied positions of trust and honor.

1833 .- Since New Scotland became a township and invested with legal powers of local govern- ment, many of her citizens, who were descendants of the early settlers, became prominent as leading men in politics, foremost in public affairs, pro- gressive in agriculture, and conspicuous in every enterprise that contributed to the general intelli- gence and moral elevation of the people. Besides those in the following list of officers, others are no less deserving of honorable mention for the service they have performed in civil, political, religious or educational interests during the past twenty-five years. Without being specific in detail as to per- sonal merit, the following are given : Samuel Pat- ton, Ephraim Hotaling, Edward Hotaling, Peter H. Flagler, Smith O'Brien, John S. Loucks, David D. L. McCullock, J. Martin Erwin, William J. Reid, John H. Hallenbeck, Henry H. Mead, Tunis Slingerland.

The first town meeting was held at the house of Edmund Raynsford, April 9, 1833, when the following were elected to their respective offices :

893

THE TOWNSHIP OF NEW SCOTLAND.

Supervisor, James Reid; Town Clerk, David Springstein ; Justices of the Peace, Garret Van Al- len, Frederic Markle, David G. Seger; Collector, Samul Moak; Assessors, Alex. McMillen, Anthony De Long, Robert Wands; Commissioners of High- ways, John Furbeck, Jr., Wilhelmus Young, John P. Rowe; Commissioners of Schools, Edmund Raynsford, Christian Houck, James Patterson ; In- spectors of Schools, Abram Fort, Samuel Dickson, David McCullock ; Overseers of Poor, Charles McCullock, William Murphy; Sealer and Inspec- tor, Thomas Lloyd ; Poundmaster, Richard L. De Forest ; Constables, Samuel Warren, James Winne, John Wagoner, David J. De Long. None of these men are living. Some of the above men had served in office in the Town of Bethlehem. Frederic Markle received his appointment and commission, as Justice, from Gov. Tompkins, in 1808, and held the office until 1844.

Samuel Dickson, M. D., was elected to Con- gress in 1855; John McEwen and Henry Fitch, who were born in this town, have served as Sheriffs; John R. Radley and Wm. J. Reid have served as Associate Justices ; David D. D. McCullock, a term as Commissioner of Schools, and the follow- ing as Members of Assembly : Edmund Rayns- ford, Aaron Van Schaack, David G. Seger, Freder- ick Mathias, John Reid, Harman Van Derzee, Henry Creble, Peter Slingerland, Hiram Becker.

Statement of the real and personal property of New Scotland, as assessed and equalized in 1883- Amount of taxes levied, with rate thereon: Acres, 35,679; real, $2, 534,636; personal, $101,300; to- tal, $2,635,936; amount collected, $21,636; rate, .82; Collector, John R. Wayne.

Delaware and Hudson Canal Company-Total valuation, $34,000; tax, $278.80.

New York, West Shore and Buffalo Railroad- Total valuation, $31,800; tax, $260.76.

Population-1835, 3,030; 1855, 3,327; 1860, 3,304; 1865, 3,311; 1870, 3,410; 1875, 3,264; 1880, 3,253.

Farm and agricultural products of New Scot- land, as per census of 1880:

Bushels.

Value.

Acres.

Wheat

2,046

$2,557

158

Rye

30,245

25,000

2,664

Corn

45,805

30,775

1,752

Oats.

111, 892

55,946

3,668

Buckwheat.

14,999

12,000

941

Barley

882

Potatoes

38,083

19,042

566

Apples

23,416

11,708

Number.

Value.

Milch Cows.

1,195

$47,800

Other Cattle.

774

10,300

Oxen

103

7,150

Horses

1,103

132,361

Sheep

2,880

11,520

Swine

1,906

15,200

Fowls

16,543

8,272

Hay, tons.

11,977

150,000

Butter, Ibs.

115,731

29,000

Honey, lbs

22,429

2,423

Eggs, dozen

84,331

12,040

Farms.

382

2,436,750

Stock

231,384

Tools and Implements.

125, 189

Building and Repairing Fences

10,586

Cash paid for Fertilizers

2,610

In 1864 the agricultural returns were: Wheat, bushels, 354; oats, 40,824; corn, 26,448; pota- toes, 31,917; apples, 41,567; cows, 1,349; but- ter, 140,678 pounds; horses, 1,069; sheep, 3,470.

Population in 1835-Males, 1,515; females, 1,515; voters, 640; aliens, 10; paupers, S. Acres improved land, 19,395; cattle, 2,495; horses, 1,242; sheep, 4,018; swine, 1,861. Since 1835 the township has increased by only 223 inhab- itants.

894

HISTORY OF THE COUNTY OF ALBANY.

LIST OF SUPERVISORS, JUSTICES OF THE PEACE AND TOWN CLERKS, FROM 1833 TO 1884.

Year.

Supervisors.

Justices of the Peace.

Town Clerks.

1833.

James Reid.

Garret W. Van Allen.

David McCullock. Thomas Lloyd.

1833.

Frederic Markle.

1833 . .

David G. Seger.

1834. .

James Wands, 2d.

Joseph Wayne. David McCullock, 1836.

1835 ..

Conradt Terwilger.

Peter V. W. Brooks.

66 66

Aaron Van Schaack.

John R. Bullock.

William Van Allen.

William Murphy.

Peter V. W. Brooks.

Robert Taylor. 66

Anthony De Long. Abram Van Dusen.

Conrad Mathias.

William Murphy.

John Houck, 1844.

John R. Radley.

Myndert R. Veeder.

Alexander Reid.

Robert Taylor. 66

John R. Reid, 2d. George Wands.

Jacob H. Delong. Simeon P. Simmons, 1851.

John McEwen. John Mathias. William Van Allen. Peter V. W. Brooks.

Robert Coughtry. Alanson Van Auken. 66

Thomas Bullock.

Thomas A. Reid.

Daniel Robertson.

James Slingerland.

John Van Huysen. Isaac Van Wie. James B. Wayne.

Samuel C. Rowe.

Michael W. Houghtaling.

66 66

William Mitchel.

Frederic R. Gardner. William R. Houghtaling.

William J. Reid.

George A. Reid.

David Callanan. Nicholas A. Delong.

Samuel Patton.

Frank Ingraham.

Nicholas B. Houck.

Alonzo B. Voorhees.

Edwin L. Wright. David P. Latta.

Tunis Slingerland.

Nicholas H. McCullock.

Henry H. Mead. Teunis Slingerland.

D. V. S. Raynsford.

Joseph Allen, 1879.

1876 .. 1880 .. 1881 .. 1882 .. 1884 ..

Henry H. Mead. Hiram Bicker. Charles Wood.

George B. Russel. David De Long. Jacob H. De Long.

The figures denote the year of election to office.

CHURCH HISTORY.

The great Reformation which Luther proclaimed spread with wonder over Europe, severing the chain of servile and subverted liberties, which brought light to the dark and superstitious minds so long held in abject bondage, and enkindled a spirit of hatred toward those who were converts to the new doctrines, or espoused the cause of christian independence. Liberty of conscience was interdicted; persecution followed, with barbaric cruelties; deprivations endured, and at last many were driven from their homes and country; pro- tection denied those who were followers of this gospel reform, and they became exiles in the more liberal states of Europe, or sought the shores of the New World, where freedom to worship God

according to the dictates of an enlightened con- science would not be denied them.

A country free from the dictation of priestly rule offered a home to the persecuted of France, and to those who sought refuge in Holland. Thus it is that those exiles who came here brought with them the sterling qualities which had been taught by self- denial and the higher principles of religion and christian civilization, which have left their impress upon the present posterity.

The independence which characterized the im- migrants to this town was deeply infused in their devout zeal for advancing the cause of human hap- piness, and to establish, not only freedom of re- ligious opinion, but freedom of speech and gov- ernment. Many of these were Huguenots, who had been driven by persecution to escape the loathsome

1837. 1839. . 1840 .. 1841 .. 1842 .. 1843. - 1845. 1846 .. 1846 .. 1847 .. 1849. 1850. . 1852 .. 1852 .. 1854 .. 1855 .. 1856 .. 1857 . . 1858. 1859 .. 1860 .. 1861 .. 1862 .. 1863. . 1864. . 1865 .. 1866 .. 1868 .. 1869. .

James Slingerland. Henry Crounce. James Slingerland. John R. Taylor. ¥

Silas Wright. 66

Nathan Crawford.

1870 .. 1871 .. 1873 .. 1874 .. 1875.

Robert Taylor.

Van Derzee Lagrange. Ephriam Hotaling. Abram Relyea. John Ryall. 66

Storm D. Bradt.

1834. .

Tunis Houghtaling.

895

THE TOWNSHIP OF NEW SCOTLAND.

prisons and cruelties which awaited them if they adhered to a religion not in accordance with the Catholic faith and Jesuitical dogmas. Others from Holland came with their souls full of love and truth, which had been taught them, and accepted the Bible as the revealed word of God, which of- fered unto men a standard of faith and worship to be found only in the confession of the gospel, which was best adapted for their intellectual and moral good. To them, in a great degree, we are indebted for the blessing of religious liberty and freedom of worship, for the first fruits of independ- ence and the establishment of christian princi- ples, which exalt us above other peoples.

Let us not forget that all these blessings were purchased for us at the cost of life and property, of banishment from their native land, of trial and privation, of persecution and bloodshed ; and how little do we know of their dark and anxious hours, of their losses and momentous struggles ; and shall we make no effort to hand down the fruits of their sacrifices and of their daring energy to our posterity, to pass the torch of religious liberty unquenched to those who stand next us in line ?

These men brought with them a deep, healthy, spiritual devotedness to the Christian religion, and by their teaching and example have left with us re- sults that are constantly growing more prominent and powerful. Our advancement in all essentials that contributed to the intelligence, prosperity and moral relations of society is largely the product of ideas taught by these men as they had faith to comprehend doctrines consistent with human in- tellect and revealed in scripture.

The religion of Christianity is a power in form- ing the character of any community or society, and the influence exerted is always a factor in the inter- est of mankind, and when recognized as an element in government it will endure through all time.

We now come to the history and organization of the several evangelical churches in the town, of which there are nine, viz. : five Reformed Protest- ant, three Methodist Episcopal and one Presby- terian.

Among the early settlers in the town were seve- ral families from Scotland and the North of Ire- land, who brought with them the orthodox faith and doctrines of Wyckliffe and Knox, which they were anxious to perpetuate and establish in their new home, as a legacy from their persecuted fathers, who had been taught in the school of Cal- vinism, and with rigid training had deeply im- planted in their hearts devout reverence for the

Bible and firm faith in the doctrines of their church.

Their only means for hearing the word preached or receiving the ordinances of their church, as marriages, baptisms and catechism examinations, was at Albany, a distance of ten miles, and many of them were obliged to walk or go on horseback. Mrs. Cullings was so devout an attendant that she frequently walked to Duanesburg to attend the Scotch Presbyterian Church.

About the year 1776 a Presbyterian missionary came to what is now New Scotland village, then in the township of Watervliet, and under two large oak trees, which stood near where the blacksmith shop now is, preached for these willing hearers the first sermon heard in the neighborhood, and laid the foundation for a church organization, which was effected in the year 1787 by the Presby- tery of Suffolk, afterward called the Presbytery of Long Island; this was a frontier mission church.

In 1789 this church was transferred to the Pres- bytery of New York.

The next year, 1790, the Presbytery of Albany was established by order of the Synod of New York and New Jersey. This new Presbytery held its first meeting in Albany on the 9th of Novem- ber, 1791.

At this meeting New Scotland petitioned for supplies, and Presbytery granted their request by naming three ministers who should each give a Sabbath. At the next session Mr. Condict sup- plied them one Sabbath in March and Mr. Linds- ley two Sabbaths in September. In 1792 Mr. Lindsley preached on cight Sabbaths for this peo- ple. From this time till March, 1795, they had no stated preacher; but now they were more suc- cessful and a call was extended to the Rev. Benja- min Judd, which he accepted, and was installed on the 2d of September, 1795. The Lord's Sup- per was celebrated for the first time on the second Sabbath of May, 1796, with 22 communicants. David Allen and Michael Bruce, elders.

The first board of trustees was constituted, Feb- ruary 28, 1791, by the election of Thomas Burn- side, Peter Cutchen, James Henderson, John Jack- son, John McCoughtry and John Vores.

In 1791 a building was erected and used for re- ligious purposes, and in 1795 the parsonage or glebe was occupied by the first pastor, Rev. Benja- min Judd, whose full amount of salary was $250.

Mr. Judd's pastorate was of short duration, for in less than a year he was dismissed by Presbytery for specific charges, and on the 13th of November, 1798, John Arnold, the second pastor, was in-

896

HISTORY OF THE COUNTY OF ALBANY.

stalled. He had formerly been minister of the Presbyterian congregation of Ballybay, in the County of Monoghan, Kingdom of Ireland. But in less than three years Presbytery was called upon to assert its authority here, as Mr. Arnold had transferred his ministerial calling, and serious charges were preferred against him; but he fled from the bounds of Presbytery and thus escaped trial.

The church was without a pastor until October 27, 1807, when Thomas Holiday was ordained and installed. He was a North of Ireland man, and came to this country when nineteen years old. He never attended college, but studied under a Dutch Reformed minister, and was transferred from the Classis of Paramus to Albany Presbytery. He continued as pastor of this church until the 29th of February, 1831. He was born in 1773, and died in 1840 ; was buried at Ridgeburg. He was a successful preacher of the times, but adopted the customs and usages then in vogue, which often- times by his example interfered with his high call- ing and destroyed his influence for good.

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Bi-centennial history of Albany. History of the county of Albany, N. Y., from 1609 to 1886. With portraits, biographies and illustrations, Part 193

Author: Howell, George Rogers, 1833-1899; Tenney, Jonathan, 1817-1888 Publication date: 1886 Publisher: New York, W. W. Munsell & Co. Number of Pages: 1452

Author: Howell, George Rogers, 1833-1899; Tenney, Jonathan, 1817-1888
Publication date: 1886
Publisher: New York, W. W. Munsell & Co.
Number of Pages: 1452