USA > New York > Chautauqua County > History of Chautauqua County, New York > Part 65
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*Mr. Fullagar married Mary Anne., danghter of John B. and Harriet L. ( Meloy) Rogers of Chenango Forks, N. Y. Children, Elizabeth K. (Mrs. D. W. Abell), Mary I. ( Mrs. E. R. Rice), Harriet F. (Mrs. T. T. Danforth), Guy K.
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and Elisha Arnold, living in the present town of Portland, had been elected supervisor in opposition to a prominent citizen of Westfield, and, after much agitation, a vote was obtained that the next town meeting should be held at the forks of the Erie road on lands of Martin Coney, lot 34, T. 5, a more cen- tral point. The spot designated was covered with stumps and fallen timber, but the voters had the assurance of Mr. Coney that a suitable building should be built in time for the meeting, and a tavern house of ample proportions was erected during the season and occupied by Mr. Coney. This building is still standing and is the residence of O. J. Green. The town election for 1828 was the occasion of a movement of the people of Westfield and vicinity for another dismemberment of Portland, and, an act was passed March 19, 1829, erecting Westfield.
Portland has an area of 20,749 45-100 acres, and, in 1892, a population of 2,423. It is bounded on the north by Lake Erie, on the east by Pomfret, on the south by Stockton and Chautauqua, and on the west by Westfield. The length of the eastern boundary is 7 miles, 15 rods ; the southern 6 miles, 240 rods ; the western 4 miles, 244 rods, and the northern, 8 miles and 62 rods. A bluff with an elevation of from 30 to 50 feet extends along the lake, a por- tion of which is precipitous and rocky. Two to three miles backfrom the lake the surface is level or gently undulating. The soil is a clay loam. South of this, extending across the town from southwest to northeast, is a strip of sandy or gravelly soil, about one mile wide slightly elevated from the loam of the lake belt, and from this the surface rises into a hilly ridge, a part of the water-shed between the waters of the St. Lawrence valley, and those of the Mississippi valley. The elevation of this ridge is from 1,000 to 1,200 feet above Lake Erie, nearly 2,000 feet above ocean tides. So gradual is the rise that the whole surface is capable of cultivation. The soil here is mostly a heavy clay-loam. The soil of the whole town is well adapted for agriculture ; the south part for dairying, and the north for grain and truit-growing. No town in the county stands in advance of it in the average valuation of the land, considering its adaptability for these purposes. It is well watered, though there are no large streams. The space between the top of the ridge and Lake Erie is so short that the accumulation of water is small, the distance nowhere being over six miles. In summer the streams dwindle to rivulets, and many disappear. Large springs of pure water are iaimerous. The town is washed on its entire northern border by Lake Erie. Most of the shore is a gravelly beach, but a portion is perpendicular rock from 50 to 60 feet in height. There are no lakes or ponds of water in the town. The climate is mild and salubrious. The mercury ranges from 98º above to 5° to 8º below zero. The lake breezes cool the atmosphere in summer and render it delight- ful. The climate is subject to sudden changes, with strong winds mostly from the south and west. Frosts seldom come so early in the fall as to prove
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HISTORY OF CHAUTAUQUA COUNTY, N. Y.
detrimental to maturing crops, and the earlier snows usually fall upon the green and growing grass. Snow seldom falls heavily.
The town has no special features or rugged aspects to attract the attention or charm the sight, no frightful gulfs, steep precipices or silver lakes, yet from the summit of the southern highlands the view of Lake Erie and the intermediate section is exceedingly beautiful. From this elevation in the west part may be seen Westfield, Barcelona, Broeton and Centerville ; and, from a point farther east, Fredonia and Dunkirk ; and, in favorable states of the atmosphere, the position, and a dim outline of Buffalo. The view of the lake dotted with vessels, with here and there a towering steamer, the Lake Shore and New York, and Chicago & St. Louis railroads for over 20 miles with trains of passengers and freight, the Western New York & Pennsylvania railroad winding its way among and over the hills, the busy scenes of an active population engaged in farm and vineyard life, the fine dwellings thickly studding the extended landscape, the marts of trade, and the churches, with'spires pointing heavenward, is a prospect at once beautiful and elevating. The view from the lake border south, with the hills as a background, is scarcely less fascinating.
No traces of human occupancy existed at the advent of the first settlers in 1804. Indians were often seen, but they were wandering bands in search of game, who made frequent encampments here. Evidences exist however of a prehistoric occupation by a race of people far more civilized than we have been disposed to consider were the North American Indians. An old fort and numerous roadways are yet to be traced. (See page 45.) The pioneers found the dense forests well tenanted with the bear, wildcat, deer, beaver, fox, rabbit, porcupine, woodchuck, raccoon, muskrat, skunk, and numerous smal- ler animals. Some of these formed the principal part of the diet of the earlier settlers, and in many instances was the only food they had for days and sometimes for weeks.
SETTLEMENT .- James Dunn, from Lycoming county, Pa., settled near Meadville in 18o3, and brought his family to Portland early in 1805, and was the first settler. His first land contract, made in 1804, was for 1, 1 50 acres at $2,50 per acre, and comprised lots 30-31-34-38 and part of lot 25, T. 5, as afterwards surveyed, the choicest land in town. He afterwards "booked " land bringing his estate to 2,002 acres. He had six children, and built his first shanty on lot 31. T. 5, near the present residence of E. B. Taylor. In 1806 he built a substantial log house further south on lot 30 on the road surveyed in 1805, where he opened a tavern in 1808. He sold his land to settlers, keeping only 100 acres for his home. He died October 23, 1838; his wife died October 23, 1850. The first deed in town was executed by Mr. Dun, and conveyed 46 acres, part of lot 25, T. 5, to Nathan Fay. ' Mr.
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Dunn was a soldier of the Revolution, an excellent citizen, and his wife a noble specimen of a pioneer's helpmate.
Other early settlers .- 1806. Nathan Fay, lot 25, T. 5: Elisha Fay also lot 25, T. 5 ; Peter Kane, lot 38, T. 5 ; Jolin Price, lot 38, T. 5; Benjamin Hutchins, lot 41, T. 5; David Eaton, lot 37, T. 5; Nathaniel Fay came this year and located in 1810 on lot 12, T. 5. 1807. James Parker, lot 37, T. 5 ; Joseph Correll, lot 29, T. 5; Nathan Crosby, lot 33, T. 5. 1808. Erastus Taylor, lot 34, T. 5. 1809. Roe Goldsmith, lot 7, T. 5, afterward lots 5 and 6, T. 5 ; Jeremiah Klumph, lot 19, T. 5, afterward lot 62, T. 4 ; Rufus Perry, lots 33, T. 5; Daniel B. Granger, lot 37, T. 5; Andrew Kelsey, lot 55, T. 4; David Joy, lot 33, T. 5 ; Peter Ingersoll, lot 41, T. 5; Parsons Taylor, lot 34, T. 5; Jared Taylor, lot 63, T. 4. 1810. Perry Hall, lot 62, T. 4, after- ward lot 32, T. 4 ; Daniel Barnes, lot 3, T. 5; Jeremiah Potter, lot 22, T. 5, afterward lot 33, T. 5; Absalom Harris, lot 33, T. 5. 1Str Wilder Emer- son, lot 55, T. 4 ; Jonathan Burch, lot 62, T. 4 ; Elijah Fay, lot 20, T. 5; Win. Berry, lot 25, T. 5; Hollis Fay, lot 13, T. 5, afterward lot 42, T. 5; Jolin Quigley, lot 30, T. 5 ; Calvin Barnes, lot 33, T. 5. 1812. Chester Bush- nell, lot 53, T. 4; Sanford Haines, lot 62, T. 4. 1813. Hiram Fish, lot 54, T. 4, afterward lot 53, T. 4. 1814. Lemuel Munson, lot 55, T. 4 ; Cephas Brainard, lot 29, T. 5 ; John R. Coney, lot 19, T. 5. 1815. Moses Sage, lot 13, T. 5; Heman Ely, lot 62, T. 4; Zimri Hill, lot 12, T. 5; Ahira Hall, lot 4, T. 5, afterward lot 3, T. 5. 1816. Solomon Coney, lot 21, T. 5 ; Rich- ard Williams lot 25, T. 5; Wmn. Dunham, lot 27, T. 5; Simon Burton, lot 27, T. 5; Isaac Baldwin, lot 36, T. 5; Zadoc Martin, lot 3, T. 5. 1817. Oliver Spafford, lot 22, T. 5; Jewett Prime, lot 16, T. 5. 1821. David Hurlbut, lot 18, T. 5; Wolcott Colt, lot 17, T. 5; Joshua Crosby, lot 14, T. 5. 1823. Isaac Howe, lot 10, T. 5. 1825. J. S. West, lot 17, T. 5.
38 families had become residents before the War of 1812, and of these the following were soldiers : David Eaton, John and William Ingersoll, Hiram Burch, Erastus and Jared Taylor, Elisha and Nathaniel Fay, Ezra and Moses Joy, Calvin Barnes, William Dunn, Andrew Kelsey, Hollis Fay, Sanford and Huram Haines and David B. Granger. 13 came in during the war, and at its close a business center was demanded. This had been dis- cussed and it seemed probable that one would be made on lot 25 T. 5. A postoffice was established here in 1814, and for some years it had been called Portland Center. Strong efforts were made to induce settlers to locate along the Erie and south roads, but the drift of settlement was farther north, and the center had to be located north of those thoroughfares. Those who mani- fested the greatest interest and energy in the location were Elisha Fay and Barzillia Barker, who were a mile from any road. A dismal blackash swamp occupied the site of Brocton, and an old settler writes that in 1822 "the houses were scattered all through the woods and we found our way by marked
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HISTORY OF CHAUTAUQUA COUNTY, N. Y.
trees, and where Portland Center now is was the thickest woods I ever saw." The road through these villages was surveyed in 1815. When the town was surveyed into lots in 1804, by order of the Holland Company a road six rods wide, called the Erie road, was donated to the settlers. This they called the "Ellicott road." It was nearly parallel with the present "south road." In 1817 the "Niagara & Chautauqua Turnpike Company " was chartered to build a turnpike from Buffalo through Erie and Chautauqua counties. It was never surveyed.
SUPERVISORS .- 1814 Thomas Prendergast ; 1815-16-17, David Eaton ; 1818-19-20-1-2-3-4-5-6, "Thomas B. Campbell ; 1827-8-9, Elisha Arnold ; 1830, Nathaniel Fay ; 1831-2, Elisha Arnold ; 1833-4-5, David Eaton ; 1836, Asa Andrews; 1837-8-9, Timothy Judson ; 1840, Asa Andrews; 1841-2-3, Timothy Judson ; 1844, Elisha Norton ; 1845, John R. Coney ; 1846-7, Timothy Judson ; 1848, Ebenezer Harris ; 1849, Timothy Jud- son ; 1850, Asa Blood ; 1851, Jolin R. Coney ; 1852-3-4, Timothy Jud- son ; 1855, Charles A. Marsh; 1856, Darwin G. Goodrich ; 1857, Ralph D. Fuller; 1858, Darwin G. Goodrich ; 1859, Horace C. Taylor; 1860, Gurdon Taylor; 1861-2, Horace C. Taylor; 1863-4, Albert Haywood; 1865-6, Joseph B. Fay; 1867-8, Albert Eaton; 1869, Joseph E. Harris ; 1870-1-2-3-4-5-6-7, Theodore S. Moss; 1878, Horace C. Taylor ; 1879, J. A. H. Skinner. 1880-1-2-3-4, Herman J. Dean ; 1885-6, Elisha H. Fay ; 1887-8, Theodore C. Moss; 1889-90, Brewer D. Phillips; 1891, Augustus Blood ; 1892, Brewer D. Phillips ; 1893, Oscar L. Porter ; 1894, Charles Furman.
The first mail route extended from Buffalo to Erie. It was established in 1805, but not operated until 1806. John Edwards was the first carrier, and carried the mail in his hat. The route through Portland was at first over " Paine's road," afterward over that surveyed in 1805 by James McMahan. Before 1821 the mail was carried on foot or on horseback, later in a covered wagon until the introduction of regular coaches, which were first run from Erie to Buffalo in 1829. The first stage coach driven through Portland on the north road was by Thomas Quigley in 1827. The first postoffice was " Portland " located at the first Center. Calvin Barnes was postmaster. His commission, now in the writer's possession, bears date December 13, 1814. The office was discontinued September 2, 1829. "North Portland " post- office, established September 3, 1828, was first kept by Moses Sage in the house now the residence of J. N. Porter half a mile east of Brocton. In 1830 it was removed to the Coney farm, in 1835 to Portland Center and changed to " Portland." Jolin R. Coney succeeded Mr. Sage as postmaster, and held the office until 1849. " Salem X Roads " postoffice was established February 16, 1835, with Daniel Howell postmaster. The office was in his tavern on Main and North Division streets, Brocton. September 7, 1857 the names of both office and village were changed to Brocton.
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PORTLAND.
SCHOOLS .- The first term of school was taught by Anna Eaton, in the spring of ISIo, in a farm building on Mr. Dunn's place. A log schoolhouse was built the same season, where Augustine Klmnph, who was the only teacher in this house, taught the next winter. This stood near the site of the old stone schoolhouse in district No. 3. No schools were established by law until 1814, but the people have always been proud of their schools. They. have ever been of a high order and it would be difficult to find another town of like population that has furnished so many first-class teachers. The Union School at Brocton (No. 6), is equal to any of its class. In 1892 it was made a member of the State University. In 1832 an academy was established as a private enterprise by Jacob Whitman. An academy build- ing (now a part of the residence of J. L. Hatch) was built in 1834, and the school was noted for its efficiency for some years, when it was discontinued. C. H. La Hatt and S. H. Shaw were among its early teachers.
The Portland Library Association was incorporated November 9, 1824, with forty-seven corporators. SIoo were expended in books under the superintendence of the first board of trustees, who were Cephas Brainard, Nathaniel Fay, Jesse Baldwin, Parsons Taylor, John R. Coney, Ebenezer Harris, David Eaton. This library was kept up for many years and answered well the purposes of its existence. On the introduction of school-district libraries it was discontinued. The influence of this old library was long felt in the awakened taste for good reading and in the eminent intelligence of the people.
James Parker built and operated the first tammery in town in 1807 on lot 37, T.5. Others were built by John Tower in 1820, lot 34, T. 5 ; Kinney in 1826 at Brocton ; J. C. Haight and Harvey Williams in 1836 at Brocton. This building is now occupied as a grape-basket factory by George Noble. Simon Burton built a small rude gristmill at the mouth of Slippery Rock creek in 1817. Seven gristmills have been built in town ; the only one now is the feed mill at Brocton. A carding machine was built at Portland Center in 1825, by Orrin Ford, owner of the Laona woolen factory. The first roll was carded that year by Jared Risley. It was afterward owned by G. R. Jewett and occupied by Vincent Dunn. But two cider mills were built in town ; the first by Calvin Barnes in 1854 ; the second by Dea. Elijah Fay in 1830. A book bindery was established at Portiand Center in 1844 by Vaslini Millet, and removed to Fredonia in 1848.
'The first store opened in the present town was kept by Thomas Khunph in 1817 on lot 37, T.5, and was in a small room in one corner of his father's log house. Very few goods were kept, and those of the " Yankee notion " kind. The second store was opened by A. & F. Silver in 1830 at the old Portland Center. The first store in Brocton was opened by Dr. Daniel Ingalls and Joseph Lockwood in 1830. From that time to the present nearly
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HISTORY OF CHAUTAUQUA COUNTY, N. Y.
100 persons have conducted merchandising, among them B. F. Post, Chaun- cey Hulburt, H. A. S. Thompson, Thompson & White, Thompson & Wells, C. S. Ogden, A. S. Moss, Hall & Southwick, R. S. Morrison, R. S. & O. Morrison, J. H. & W. L. Minton, Minton & Richardson, Morrison & Moss, T. S. Moss and Mark Haight, C. S. Ogden and J. A. Hunt, D. Baker, Baker & Furman, C. O. Furman, A. J. Mericle. Thomas Klumph was the pioneer merchant at Portland Center as well as of the town, opening a store in 1832. Since then some 56 persons have engaged in the business at that point, a few of whom are : Joseph Lockwood in 1833, Lockwood & Showerman 1835, Horace Lockwood, 1836, Harmon Smith, A. Abrams, S. C. Riley, 1845, S. C. Riley and A. Barton, 1846, Amos Barton & Bro. in 1850, Amos Barton in 1851, Curtis Wilbur 1849, R. D. Fuller 1850, P. Mericle and S. C. Riley, 1855, followed by A. Andrews, Caleb Griswold, F. Tower, P. Barber, Fuller & Townsend, Fuller & Barnhart, Fuller, Mericle & Barnhart, A. J. Mericle, Julius Dunham, T. Rolph & Dodge, T. Rolph, I. Shattuck, Dr. T. C. Wilson, (drugs), E. T. Harris and others.
Previous to 1824 settlers obtained medical aid from Westfield or Fredonia. Dr. Daniel Ingalls located that year at the Corners, now Brocton. Dr. Silas Pomeroy came in 1828, as did Dr. Aaron Wilbur, Dr. James Ball in 1832, Dr. Saunders 1837, Dr. Swartwood 1839, Dr. Barnes 1842, Dr. Marcum 1841, Dr. Daniel Henn 1838, Dr. W. G. Wolcott 1838, Dr. Austin 1843, Dr. James A. Hall 1844, Dr. Lemuel Clark 1845, Dr. Rose 1845, Dr. Thomas Cushing 1848, Dr. M. Simons 1849, Dr. H. C. Taylor 1849, Dr. McIntyre in the " fifties," Dr. Win. Skinner 1861, Dr. H. J. Dean 1857, Dr. N. H. Barnes 1861, Dr. T. C. Wilson 1869, Dr. B. S. Swetland* 1888, Dr. G. Ellis 1891.
Franz C. Lewis, son of Albert W. and Sarah J. Lewis, a native of Har- mony, was admitted to the bar at Buffalo in January, 1894, and located in Brocton in as a lawyer February, 1894.
RAILROADS .- Rarely is a small town furnished with better railroad facil- ities. It has three trunk lines, Lake Shore & Michigan Southern, New York, Chicago & St. Louis (Nickel Plate), and Western New York & Penn- sylvania. 30 passenger trains pass daily at present (August, 1893), on the Lake Shore road, 20 of them stopping at Brocton, its only station in town, and 40 freight trains, of which only four stop. The "Nickel Plate" has two stations-Brocton and Portland. Six passenger trains pass daily on this road, five stopping, and 20 freight trains, two only stopping. The W. N. Y. & P. railroad has two stations, Brocton and Prospect, where 14 of its 16 daily passenger trains stop, and all of its six freight trains.
*Benjamin S. Swetland, M. D., son of Sanford and Rhoda (Moore) Swetland, was born in Middlefield, Otsego county, March 15. 1554. He was educated for his profession at the Medical Department of the University of Buffalo, received his degree of M. D. at Buffalo, February 26, 1875, practised medicine in Stockton and Port- land, established himself in Brocton in April, 1558, and is a member of the Chantauqna County Medical Society. He married Eva C. Munson.
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PORTLAND.
The first attempt to market lumber .- In 1805 the entire area of Portland was covered with a heavy growth of timber, and the settlers for many years resorted to every means to dispose of the heavy burthen. The writer well remembers, as late as 1827, of seeing sonie of the finest cypress trees, that today would be worth $150 cach, cut down and committed to the flames. The best lumber was worth no more than $4.00 per M. As a matter of con- venience and to save a portion of this fine timber that in the process of clear- ing would otherwise be destroyed, sawmills were built on the small streams and large amounts were cut out. 27 sawmills have been built within the pres- ent town, nine of them previous to 1825. These last were built by William Dunham, in 1816 ; Moses Sage, 1816; Simon Burton, ISI7 ; Hollis and Elijah Fay, 1817 : Oliver Spafford (Ogdens), 1820; Daniel Vail, 1821 ; Ren- ben and Erastus Taylor, 1824 ; Nathaniel Fay, 1824 ; Oliver Elliott, 1819-20. The mill of Mr. Sage was built at Brocton, then without a name, near the main street, and Mr. Dunham's near the mouth of Dunham's creek, and lui- ber from this last mill was the first for which an outside market was sought. The sawmills in operation in 1893 are Burr's, Crandall's (steam) at Brocton, and Conner's at Portland. There have been 22 sawmills nsing waterpower and seven propelled by steam built in town from first to last.
In 1825 Charles Dunham, son of William, and Lorenzo Powell, proposed to test the practicability of running lumber by the lake to Buffalo, and in May they drew 10,000 feet from Dunham's mill to the mouth of Slippery- Rock creek and constructed a raft of ample proportions, binding it well with withes. They also proposed to combine pleasure with business and witness the execution of the three Thayers at Buffalo June 7. The raft cost them $65, and from the profits they expected to pay their expenses and have a con- siderable sum. On the 3d of June the raft was completed. It was to be kept near the shore and propelled by setting-poles. On the 4th the sun rose bright and the day seemed all they could desire. Mr. Powell went on board with a box well filled with provisions, and Mr. Dunham brought a large jug of whiskey. It did not occur to either that they would need more. The fastenings were cast off, and they were afloat, when a south wind came up, and they were blown out into the lake beyond the reach of their poles and were at the mercy of the winds and the waves. During the day they were driven several miles from land. Night came on, the wind changed, and blew with considerable force from the west, and then the northwest. The raft was almost continually submerged, and during the night it went to pieces, and most of the lumber was let loose upon the lake .. The two ends of the raft, however, being bound securely, remained intact, and Mr. Powell secured as best he could his box of provisions upon one end and awaited the closing event which he felt sure would soon come. Mr. Dunham was equally care- ful in regard to the jug of whiskey on the other end of the raft. Until dawn
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HISTORY OF CHAUTAUQUA COUNTY, N. Y.
they were within hailing distance, and each unusually heavy sea was the occasion of a resort to the jug by its custodian, while Mr. Powell was obliged to content himself with his brown bread and water. Thus they rode out the night, every moment expecting to be themselves participants in an execution quite different from the one they had started out to witness. Late the next day, however, they were blown upon the beach near Canadaway creek, possibly half a mile apart. The unfavorable ending of their venture and their damp condition by no means dampened their desire to witness the execution. The jug, being empty, was left on the beach, but the water-soaked provisions were transferred to capacions pockets and they wended their way through the forest to the stage road east of Fredonia where they boarded a Pennsyl- vania four-horse covered wagon for Buffalo, and witnessed the awful triple exeention. They returned home claiming that their experience was worth all it had cost them, and with a good deal of earnestness insisted that men of correct moral sentiment "should and would never " desire to witness the execution of a human being. The provisions they took from hoine were all they had until their return. After this, previous to 1841, several attempts were made to raft lumber to Buffalo, but no raft ever reached its destination. In 1841 a successful attempt was made to dispose of the lumber of the mills near the lake. In 1840 Cyrus and David Goodwin and Alvah Millett rebuilt the Oliver Spafford mill, and commenced cutting whitewood lumber on a large scale. In the winter of 1840-41, they built a canal boat at the mouth of the creek, in May loaded it with lumber mostly chair plank. It was poled for a short distance, taken in tow by a small steamer for Buffalo, and then went through the Erie canal to Albany. The trip was successful, and three or four others were made the same season, and two or three in 18.42.
It might be supposed that as the town is bounded on the north by so large a body of water that the settlers would engage quite early in building lake craft and in transportation. Such however was not the fact. The town has no harbors except a portion of the little bay at Van Buren, and no large craft can closely approach the shore with safety. Aside from the build- ing of the canal boat very little has been done in this direction, though in 1824 Joshua Crosby and Simon Burton built a boat at the barn of Mr. Crosby near Brocton, which was taken to Chautauqua lake on trucks. In this they made a trip to New Orleans. In 1837 Obed Crosby built a small sloop to bring lime stone from Canada. It was a small affair and made but one successful trip before the vessel was wrecked. As a rule all the citizens engaged in agricultural pursuits ; a few drifted away from their homes, engaged in navigation, and became rated as commanders of sailing craft on the lake.
The town has three postoffices, "Brocton," " Portland " and "Prospect." It has seven churches. It has five dry goods and grocery stores, two grocer-
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PORTLAND.
ies, two hardware stores, one clothing and furnishing store, two drug stores, a furniture store, two hotels, one boarding house, two restaurants, five black- smith shops, a wagon shop, two harness shops, one meat market, a gristmill, two feed stores, a coal yard, two sawmills, one planingmill and lumber yard, three wine houses, five manufactories of grape packing baskets, two weekly newspapers, the Mirror, owned and edited by John H. Cobb, and the Grape Belt, the special organ of the grape industry, owned and edited by Emerson P. Harris. It has also a state bank. The secret and social organizations, beneficiary and otherwise, with dates of organizations are : A lodge of A. O. U. W., 1877 ; a council of R. T. of T., 1877 ; a lodge of the K. of H., 1877 ; a lodge of E. A. U., 1879 ; a lodge of the K. of P., 1889 ; a tent K. O. T. M., 1891 ; a Hive L. O. T. M., 1892 ; a lodge of F. & A. Masons, 1893 ; a grange P. of H., 1874; James A. Hall Post G. A. R., 1882 ; a lodge of W. R. C., ISSS ; W. C. T. U. and the Y. W. C. T. U; a lodge of the Independent Order of Foresters, 1892.
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