USA > New York > Westchester County > History of Westchester county : New York, including Morrisania, Kings Bridge, and West Farms, which have been annexed to New York City, Vol. I > Part 124
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This story, indeed, would be incomplete, if men- tion were not made of the hundreds of excellent people who reluctantly left the county for foreign homes.
But to those who did remain is the eredit due that they settled themselves to their old employments, mueh impoverished, but with strong wills, and not a
1 Major Samnel Pell, who before the war had become engaged to his cousin, Mary Pell, seems, from letters of expostulation with him of his brother, Philip Pell, to have been very anxious, as the contest was closing, to abruptly leave the service. He had so distinguished himself, especially at the Battle of Saratoga, as to have received the liighest en- cominms, and his family was anxious lest he should be a loser by his impatienco. But at the dawn of peace he returned home and claimed his affianced, who indignantly spurued him with the declaration that she would not have oue come near her, who had the scent of a rebel. Neither of them ever married.
Will one wonder at the bitter feelings of an old inhabitant of East Chester, when he remembered that his mother, with bimself an infant in her arins, was compelled to escape in the dead of the night from her burning home- set on fire hy the enemy, in pursuit of her husband ? The very man who had informed them of Captain L.'s arrival home, how must he have been maddened in his turn when he remem- bered that he had been lashed, again and again, to force from him his money, and had spent uight after uight away from his home and family to avoid the violence and robbery of hostile neighbors ?
44
few with great hopes. Patriotie expressions, declara- tions of the difficulties of the situation, wise counsel- ings as to the public poliey, and as to the courses of action iu the several industries and interests, mingle in the letters of the day, with the usual detail of inei- dent, and ever and anon with passionate denunciation of the past follies of neighbors bringing so mueh trou- ble.
The farms of the County, with soil none the best to be sure, were in a while restored to their former yield- ing power, and signs of the old comfort and thrift began to appear. It was not long before it was real- ized that the former strength and prosperity were fast returning. The population, which had deereased some one thousand or twelve hundred, began to show marks of increase.
Perhaps uothing gave a stronger impulse to the im- provement in the condition of the county than the demand, at the beginning of this century, for the produets of the American soil in foreign markets, during the distraetiug aud devastating war on the European Continent. The priees which the farmer obtained were almost fabulous, and all the other in- dustries, of course, flourished under the good fortune. In connection with this, it must also be stated that the freedom of the seas was now open, unrivaled, to the new nation, whose fine harbors so distinctively seemed to point out the commercial eousequenee to which, under a wise poliey, she might attain. The Port of New York was especially marked for its ae- tivity, and the number of vessels which weekly started, freighted for foreign markets, seem, under all the eir- eumstauees, almost ineredible. Of course, from this prosperity of the eity, Westehester County, iu its turn, derived mueh advantage.
In noting the progress of the several towns, we are struck with the steadily inereasing traffie by land aud water, and with the multiplieation of the facilities for intereommunieation. Smaller roads are being eon- structed and ready aeeess afforded to the mills, to the villages and to the River aud the Sound. The old thoroughfares are being improved and uew lengths of road take the place of impracticable old ones. On the east side of the eounty, by aet of the Legislature of 1800, under a company of which Philip Pell, John P. Delancy, Cornelius Rosevelt, Peter J. Munroe and Gabriel Furman are the members mentioned in the bill, a turnpike road was constructed from East Chester to Byramn River, over which soon passed the eastward stage to Greenwich, Stamford, Danbury, New Haven and on to Boston, of course covering the various villages of the county which were on the route.
But still other matters attract our attention. The religious serviees have been resumed at all the old points and the church edifices have been repaired or rebuilt. Where titles were defective and action of the town was required, the steps thought proper were taken at town-meeting, or where au aet of the Legis-
.
474
HISTORY OF WESTCHESTER COUNTY.
lature was needed to protect a neighbor or his family from wrong, it was applied for and obtained. Take, as au instance, the Act passed June 19, 1812, for the heirs of a valued citizen and patriot, John G. Wright, in which it was provided that "letters patent issue for Charity Wright, his widow, and for his heirs for five hundred acres in the tract set apart for the use of the line of this State in the Army of the United States, which said John Wright was a Surgeon's mate in the General Hospital in the Northern De- partment."
We the Impressions of the County of Westchester pursuant to an Out of the Legislature of the State of New york, entitled " ambut for the encouragement of Schools"passed the ninth of aful 1995 do Certify to the Town of Eastchester that the apportionment of money by us allotted to the said Town by virtue of the Ret alorssaid, is Thirty Som potainos Twelve Shillings and Sun nere Witness our Hands and Deals the seventeenth day of time One thousand seven hundred and hunety five. James Willis
Richard Hatquela
Chili Bell- The Bonne
William yauthor Abraham Brown Affich Pillant John Robert Benjon Morgan Sefoten Carpenter george . Comb DynforHands Jun
Abel Smith. William Vail Shin Naumann William Adam.
wrongs more thoughtfully and ecrtainly redressed. The education of the children became more an object of attention under new incentives and ne- cessitics. The provisions of the act of the 9th of April, 1795, by which the sum of oue thousand one hundred aud ninety-two pounds was given annually for five years for school purposes to the County of Westchester, grew out of this feeling, and were responded to aceording to the conditions of the gift by the voters of each town, in the appropriation of a sum cqual to one-half of what was received, school commissioners being chosen for the distribution of the moneys. The above is a fac- sinuile of a paper on file in the office of the Town
Clerk of East Chester, in which is certified the amount of school money allotted to that towu. This was the first apportionment under the act.
Just as readily, in 1812, when an equal sum to that appropriated by the State was in a new Act asked of each town, the vote was readily given, and the proper officers named. During this period, through- out the county, school-houses were being restored or re-erected. Provision for the poor was also freely made yearly by the several towns and by the Board of Supervisors.
The machinery of the higher courts was set in In 1786 eighteen hundred pounds were appro- motion and erimes were promptly punished and | priated for the erectiou of court-houses and jails at White Plains and Bedford. After the burning of the public buildings at White Plains in the war, prisoners had been confined in the jails at New York, Westchester and Kingston, and in other places, temporarily, for safety, and the courts were held in the Presbyterian Church at Bedford and the church building at East Chester (not yet used for religious purposes).
This steady and quite regular increase is the more wonderful as remembered in connection with the known fact of heavy losses by the removal of some of the best people of the County to large farms and more productive localities in the northeru and central regions of the State. To the adjoining city there was, and ever since has been, a large aunual contribution of those preferring the haunts of trade. The names of Westchester County settlers ap- pear in large numbers in the City Direc- tory of the early years of this century, and in the Record Books of Deeds, Mortgages and Wills, at the county seats of Northern, Central and Western New York. In many cases the farmer soldiers of the Revolution, or those to whom they had sold out their "rights," were event- ually settling on the lands which had been laid out for and divided among the troops of the State of New York. Charles Ward, on the 16th of June, 1795, from Palatine Bridge, ou the Mohawk, writes: " Business goes on briskly this summer, and my crops like to be good, and I have the prospect of getting in a large crop of wheat." 1
At the height of this prosperity the course which England and France thought fit to take to weaken each other in 1806 had the most serious effect upon the United States, whose iuterest and desire was to avoid all complications and preserve peace. In this " afflicting crisis," the consequences of which were
1 Charles Ward, eldest son of Stephen Ward, and for several years "after peace " the town clerk of East Chester. In 1803 he represented Montgomery County in the New York Assembly.
475
GENERAL HISTORY FROM 1783 TO 1860.
felt throughout the land in the depreciation of values, particularly of the agricultural products, the Em- bargo Act, which prohibited any exportation of goods whatever, brought the people into the still more subdued position, strongly stated at the time as "one in which they shall sell nothing but what they sell to each other " and "all our surplus produce shall rot ou our hands."1 The reduction in the prices went on until it amounted to sixty per eent. Wheat, which had been selling per bushel at two dollars, scarce brought seventy-five eents. And not only were the citizens of the county affected by the diminished value of their goods, but also many of them by the stoppage of the returus from their ventures, in the ships and their cargocs, in which they had joined interest with the traders of the city.
The citizens of Westchester County were prepared without distinction of party to enter with their fellow- citizens of the State into the defense of their com- mon country in the War of 1812. There is abundant evidence that the factions spirit which appeared in New England made but little show in these parts. The questions discussed were rather as to the wisdom and the vigor which characterized the movements in asserting the national dignity than . as to the necessity of them. Time had been allowed, since the aggressive aet of 1806, to the most partial to realize the narrow and contemptuous feeling of the enemy, and new evidence was continually turning up, in the acts of impressment and uncalled-for interfereuee with our marine, that self-preservation was the neces- sity of the hour. The numbers of foremost citizens of our towns, who are remembered as in later years referring with pride to their military services in the . last war with Great Britain, show that by the best nembers of the community there was evineed at the time all that zeal, which anxiety for the reputation of the county could desire. In the positions of home defense, as well as of active duty at distant points, and in the invoked labors of placing " the city " iu a condition for resistance, the sons of Westchester were behind none of their countrymen.
A careful examination of the condition of the county during the war shows indications rather of prosperity than of embarrassment. The prices were encouraging to labor, and a number of the citizens of those times laid then the foundations of their future wealth. The erops seem to have been abundant. So, when peace was restored, there was a broad basis laid upon which a substantial prosperity might steadily be realized. As in the colonial period, so for many years after it, the population was made up of thrifty farmers, the colored race (not very valuable as help, certainly not as property), of a few tradespeople and mechanics, and of a sprinkling of men of wealth,
the influence of whose hereditary or acquired for- tunes was distinctly felt in all the neighborhoods in which they had settled. From the following paper may be obtained an impression of the financial strength of the county, and, what will be to many of interest, the names of leading persons in it in the various walks of life :
STATEMENT OF THE AMOUNT OF INTERNAL DUTIES IMPOSED BY THE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES (EXCEPT THOSE ON FURNITURE, WATCHES ANU STAMPS) PAID BY EACH PERSON IN THE THIRD COLLECTION DISTRICT OF NEW YORK DURING THE YEAR 1815.
Agate, Thomas $25.88
Blain, James $17.50
Baremore, Nathan'l & Son . 1.87
Acker, Abraham 19.50
Anderson, Israel. . 4.00
Anderson, Jeremialı 2.00
Armor, Catherine . 4.00
Archer, John (of E. C.) 38.54
Adams, Moses S. 1.00
Ambler, Charles 2.00
Adee, Daniel . 2.00
Arther, Jacob C. 21.88
Austin, Richard 21.88
Banks, Augustus 1.13
Carpenter, John .. 4.00
Carpenter, Joseph 4.00
Brooks, Joshua 2.00
Beekman, Stephen D. 4.00
Beekman, G. G. 11.00
Barker, Willianı 4.00
Burling, John
1.00
Bnrling, William 7.00
Burling, Samuel 1.00
Buckley, Gershum
4.00
Crooker, Moses 2,00
Coe, Ruben 18.50
Bush, Gilbert
1.00
Brown, Joseph
1.00
Brooks, Henry S. 4.00
Bates, John
2.00
Bates, Stephen
4.00
Cornell, Thomas. 9.10
Carpenter, Robert 2.00
Cornwell, Jonathan 2.00
Curry, Richard 2.00
Constant, St. John 2.00
Constant, Silas
2.00
Brundage, Joseph 2.00
Cooper, Elias
3.00
Brundage, Edward, Jr . 1.00
Coggshall, Gideon.
4.00
Bates, Neamiah S . 23.88
Crooker, Benjamin 19.50
Carvill, George, Jr 2.00
Cox, Ann.
1.00
Burling, Thomas H 4.00
Bonett, John, Jr. 4.00
Cook, Lymau 2.00
Clark, John G. 2.00
Coffin, Frederick J. 2.00
Carpenter, Levi .
1.00
Bailey, Gilbert 2.00
Brown, Neawuiah, Ju 4.00
Corwin, Elisha 505.46
Crane & Titus 77.81
Clark, Samnel 3.88
Cooper, John, Jr. 29.38
Church, James 3.77
Colyer & Harris 17.47
Covenhoven, Martha 17.50
Clark, John G. 21.88
Cook, Elizabeth 14.59
Clapp, Samuel . 21.88
Coe & Mosemau 21.88
Cooper, John (W. C.) . 21.88
Brown, Robert 1.00
Brown, John . 21.88
Curtns, Charles R. 22.50
Colyer, Muses W. 0.15
Brown, Caleb 11.59
Constant, Lewis 22.50
Baldwin, Ebenezer. 17.50
('rasto, D. G. 21.82
2.00
Bailey, Joseplı 1.00
Brown, Lewis 2.00
Brotherson, John . 5.00
Brown, Stephen (C. T.) 35.76
Baker, Peter . 2.00
Bailey, James. 8.00
Bailey, llachalialı 2.00
Brown, Stephen, Jr. (C. T.) 35.76
Beedle, William . 2.00
Brown, Thomas (C. T.) 2.00
Brown, Cornelius 23.38
4.00
Crawford, Elijah. 1.00
Callwun, Thomas Mc . 2.00
Cudner, Elisha 2.00
Carpenter, William 2.00
Bonett, John
4.00
Bush, William
2.00
Brown, David 1.00
Brown, Thomas (of Rye) . 9.00
Brown, Gilbert (W. P.) . . 5.00
Brown, Benjamin 2.00
Berrian, Abraham 1.00
Cornell, John . 1.00
Bathgate, James 4.00
Bates, Bassel J 4.00
Byard, Elizabethı 1.00
Brown, Aaron 1.25
Barker, Isaac 22.50
Baremore, James 22.50
Bailey, Horras 22.50
Bowne, Sidney B 14,59
Burket, John . 15.00
Burnet, Thomas 2.65
Barker, Henry 0.84
Bedle, James . 0.49
Akin, Daniel 27.18
Anderson, Joseph, Jr 3.18
Carpenter, Thomas 1.00
Carpeuter, Mary 1.00
Carpenter, Charles 4.00
Crumwell, John. 2.00
Cromwell, Joseph
2.00
Clapp, Allen . . 4.00
Canada, Robert 1.00
Browne, Hachaliah
Archer, John (of G. B.) 24.98
Garenier's speech in Congress, February, 1808, Historical Magazine, November, 1873.
Clark, Stephen 18 00
Brown, Henry 14.59
Carpenter, James
476
HISTORY OF WESTCHESTER COUNTY.
Ducher, Willlam $2.00
Delancy, John P. 1.00
Dusenberry, Charles (G. B.). 1.00
Gillespie, John B . 21.88 Haight, Joseph 22.50
Green & Carpenter 21.83 Hyatt, Nathaniel 14.59 Martin, Caleb. 4.00
Drake, Moses 24.50 Guion & Lyon . 21.88 Hyatt, John 1.54 Martine, Jolın 2.00
Davenport, Lawrence
2.00
Downing; William. 20-50
Graham, Andrew 21.88
Gould & Raymond 1.88
Graham, Henry 21.88
Iforton, John . 21.09
Mead, Allen 4.00
Mandeville, James 26.50
Morgan, Abijah. 1.00
Morgan, Moses 2.00
Marsh, John F 2.00
Morris, James
9.00
Morris Lewis.
23.00
Morris, Richard V
5.00
Morris, Governor 14.00
Miller, Jaunes 1.00
Merritt, Jotham
1.00
Jackson, Thomas
1.09
Merritt, Phebe
2.00
Johnston, William
21.88
Mead, Martin
2.00
Jones, Daniel .
22.50
Mott, Richard
2.00
John, Wm. S. St.
22.50
Morgan, Charles
1.00
Jolın, Gold St. 15.82
Jesop, Samuel. 2.10
Kemeys, William 2.00 McKeel Jesse. 1.00
Kerney Jno. W. 8.00
Knapp, Sylvanus 1.00
Keeler, Walter
1.00
Knapp, Samuel 2.00
Kirby, Thomas 21.88
Kipp, Gilbert 25.27
Kent, Jeremiah· 1.52
Hevland, Abijah 1.00 Lockwood, Richard II. 11.65
3.00
Leonard, Abraham. 3.98
Lawrence, Thomas, Jr. 22.47
Lawrence, Isaac & Joseph . 23.87
Lent, Absalom 21.88
Lynt, Jacob. 14.59
Lyon, W. S. & A 22.50
Livingston, Philip I. 1.00
Lyon, Jonathan 4.00 . Mortross, David G. 22.50
Lewis, Margaret 22.88 Marks, Michael . 21.88
Lyon, Samuel 1.00
Lewis, James . 4.00
Lockwood, Abraham
2.00
Lomsbury, Stephen 2.00
Lyon, James
Lee, Robert P'.
Lynch, Dominick 9.00
Lane, Abigal 2.00
Lee, Elijah . 2.00
Lockwood, Ezra 1.00
Lyon, Holley. 1.00
Legget, Thomas 9.00
Lawrence, Thomas P. . 4.00
Oppie, John
4.00
Owen, Jolın 23.88
Oakley, Isaac
4.00
Olmsted, David .
1.00
Odell, Jonathan .
23.75
Oakley, Charles .
21.88
Odell, Abraham & Son 21.88
Odell, Isaac . 1-1.59
Oakley, Angustus 21.88
Odell, William D 9.77
Odell, Daniel & Co 17.38
Paulding, John, Jr 76.05
I'reastly, Edward 4.00
l'urdy, Augustus 8.22
Purdy, Elias 1.00
Purdy, Joshua 2.00
Purdy, Benjamin 4.(M)
Gidney, Jolıh . 4.00
Ileister & Smith. 22.50
Harris & Wood 2.88
Miller, Richard 1.00
Pugsley, I. and Jeremialı . 337.90
Purdy, Thomas
4.00
Guion, Jantes
2.00
Hyatt, Josepb R 15.00
Haight, Jonathan $14.59
Morrill, Rivers $1.00
Hazen, Caleb . 15.00 Merritt, Daniel . 2.00
Martland, Benjamin 2.00
Green, Thomas 21.88 Hammond, Israel 13.88 Mead, Joshua . 1.00
Hunt, Stephen 17.77 Mead, Thomas 2.00
Hatfield, Abraham 9.74 Mead, Solomon 2.00
Delancy, Ollver
1.00
Drake. Janıes 2.00
Dusenberry, Charles (C. T.) 25.88
Dagget, Herman .
1.00
Dyckman, Elizabeth 11.00
Delevan, Daniel . 3.00
Dewey, James,
23.88
Glazier, Walker . 41.65
Jay, Mary . 12.00
Jasard .
Ingersel, Jolın 1.00
lowland, Joseph 3.00 Jones, Willianı 4.00
IIammond, Abraham 2.00
Hunt, Ward 1.00
Hart, Mary . 1,00
Hammond, William 2.00
Hunt, William 2.00
Ilevland, Solomon 1.00
Holley, Caleh .
1.00
Horton, Joseph
2.00
Hunt, Hester 2.00
Horton, Jonathan P 1.00
Howland, John (of Rye) . . 2.00
Ilart, Janes 1.00
Hawkins. John 1.00
Halsted, Philemon 1.00
Haight, Daniel . 2.00
Haight, John . 2.00
Fairbanks, David . 2.00
Foster, Marmaduke 2:07
Frances, Fowler.
1.00
Fleming, Peter 2.00
Ferris, Gideon 2.00
Fowler, Benjamin (of Yon- kers) . 24.41
Ferris, Elijalı 1.00
Franklin, Glorianna 2.00
Field, Charles 13.27
HIait, Jacob 1.00
Halsted, Jane 1.00
Hobby, David
4.00
Field, Benjamin 2.00
Homes, David
2.00
Hadley, Charles 2.00
Il ustes, Daniel
2.00
Frost, Isaac. 2.00
Flueling, Robert 5.00
Ferris, Steplien 31.15
Ferris, George 22.51
Harvy, Thomas M 4.00
Iloffinan, Willian 1.00
Ilavland, Ann 2.00
Ilavland, Benjamin 5.00
Hunt, Richard
17.59
Ilaight, Nicholas 2.00
Ifustice, Ahigal. 22.88
Haight, Moses . 1.00
Hammond, Abijalı 33.00
Ilallack, Robert . 2.00
Hunt, Isaac 1.00
Iloward, Ward 23.88
Hunt, Joseph
8.00
Ilaight, Caleb 2.00
Havland, Gilbert 1.00
Hloffinan, Stephen B. 1.00
Hustace, Joshua 1.00
Ilavland, John 17.15
Horton, Bates. 21.88
Hubbard, John 21.88
How, Irenus 22.50
Merritt, Wilmot . 2.00
Merritt, Caleb 4.00
Martine, James 2.00 Park, Roger 2.00
Given. Robert. 4.00
Gnion, Charles 1.00
Hoag, Isaac & Co 22.50
Merritt, Lot 2.00
Moseman, Willet 1.00 Pugsley, S. aud Jeremiah . 380.21
Mahie, Jolın
1.00
Martling. Samuel
0.87
Merry, Thomas H 1.00
McKeel, Jacob
2.00
Mead, Benjamin
1.00
Mesier, Peter A.
214.82
Miller, John
11.69
Miller, James. 43.00
Mandeville, Cornelius 11.31
Marshall, Joseph
3.92
Marshall, Ezra
12.90
Marshall, Moses
13.75
Merritt, Daniel 191.05
Martling, John .
26.75
Marks, Moses I .
21.88
Morrel, Susannah
17.50
Mead, Robert
22.50
Marshall & Haight 21.88
Nelsou, Absalom
4.00
Naslı, Joseph
2.00
Newman, Noah .
4.82
Odell, Jonathan D. 2.00
Odell, Jonathan . 1.00
Odell, Jackson
4.00
Flanderine, James 1.75
Foster, Robert K 7.06
Fowler, Benjamin 17.50
· Frost, Niles . 21.88
Ferris, John G. . 21.88 Feak, John . 21.88
Fowler, Philemon 14.59
Faile, George 39.30
Faile & ITall 21.85
Ferris, Sands & Benjamin . 21.88 Fowler, Alexander 15.00
Frost, Joseph and Jacob. . 15.00
Frost, Ebenezer 22.50
Griffin, Jolın 3.00
Graham, Isaac G 1.00
Griffin, Henry
4.00
Gnion, John (of Rye)
23.88
Gilbert, Jacob 2.00
Gi, Ebenezer 2.00 Halsted, Hyatt 22.50
Lyon, Hyatt 15.00
Legget, Abrahamı 14.59
Lee, Edward 35.75
Mott, Samuel C . 22.58
Martin, Abraham
4.00
McGowen, Mary 1.00
Merritt, Jonathan 2.00
Merritt, Robert . 2.00
Lamontagne. Jacob De. 4.00
Lawrence, Joel 2.00
Lockwood, Ebenezer, Jr . 21.88
Lockwood, Solomon 14.59
Lawrence, Sambel . 21.88
Lawrence, Isaac 14.59
Huut, Lot 2.00 1.00
Horton, Elijah 4 00 1.(%)
Ilarvy, James
9.00)
Fowler, Moses 5.24 Forbes, Abraham G 2.29
Horton, Azariah 1.00
Hevland, William
2.00
Hopkins, James. 2.00
Fountain, Tiler 2.00
Fountain, James 1.00
Field, Robert 1.00
Haskill, Samuel S.
HIalsted, Ezekiel 2.00
Hatfield, Joseph
2.00
Hatfield, Gilbert 2.00
Edgar, William
2.00
Enis, George
6.16
Field, Oliver. 771.20
Diven, James 17.50
Dean, Benjamin 21.88
Dusenberry, John 14.59
Downey. Anos.
24.10
Dyckman, Benjamin 17.50
Griffin, Daniel 20.55
Green, Caleh 13.46
Davis, Abraliam .
8.00
Downing, Richard.
1.00
Donald, Alexander Mc 2.00
Dick, James + 26.77
Denton, Samnel 2:50
Dingee, Samuel 23.55
Dewey & Birdsall
11.88
Dyckman, William N 17.50
Dyckman, Jacob G:
21.88
Green, John 14.50
Handford, Andrew 13.66
Ilopkins, Ezra 22.26
Haiglit, Samuel 17.24
II orton, Wright
11.42
Morgan, Benjamin
4.00
Dusenberry, John H. 1.00
Douell. Floro Mc . 2.00
Glover, David T. 17.50
Guion, John (of N. R.) . 21.88
Guion, Abraham. 0.42
Jay, John
14.00
Jones, Zopher. 26.83
Jarvis, Jesse 2.00
Montross, Nathaniel 2.00
Merrit, James 17.60
Miller, Hetty
1.00
Odell, Isaac.
2.00
Odell, Jacob
2.00
Ferris, Thomas
1.00
Ilevland, Benjamin
3.00
Gnion, Jonathan . $1.00
Guion, Johu (of Yonkers) . 21.86
Dayton, Martha 4.00
477
GENERAL HISTORY FROM 1783 TO 1860.
l'nrdy, Roger . $2.00
Smith, Jolın. $23.88
l'urdy, Nathaniel 1.00
Smith, Thomas. 23.88
Underhill, Daniel . . . . 15.00
Underhill & Weeks . 14.57
Ward, Jonathan. 4.00
Pinc, Samuel . 2.00
l'ark, Jesse . 1.00
Park, Jesse, Jr 1.00
Purdy, Ann 1.00
Purdy, William 2.00
Purdy, Neamiah 1.00
Purmer, John 1.00
Purdy, Thomas 4.00
Pears, Daniel 4.00
l'ost, James 1.00
Post, Isaac 1.00
Sutton, Winford.
1.00
Verplank, Philip 6.00
Van Cortlandt, Philip 6.00
Voght, John C. 16.59
Valentine, Gershum B 21.88
Willsea, Daniel
17.50
Slater, Wm.
1.00
Valentine, Jarvis
21.88
White, John
14.59
l'ell, Caleb 1.00
Shnte, Elisha 1.00
Smith, David 17.50
Shavanah, Patrick 21.88
Purdy, Elijah 1.00
Pelton, Daniel 22.88
Pell, David 1 1.00
Purdy, Ebenezer 1.00
Peck, Jerod. 23.88
Pugsley, Hannah 1.00
Smith, Renben 50.74
Schofield, Richard.
2.78
Sherwood, Gilbert.
5.80
Willet, Samuel .
2.00
Weed, Derius.
24.69
Williams, John.
1.40
Williamson, William, Jr.
4.98
Wrigbt, Natbaniel. 4.00
Young, Samuel .
2.00
White, Henry. 8.00
Yerks, John F.
21.82
Warner, William 1 00
Yale, Oliver 37,88
Warner, John. 1.00
Yale, Mark 22.50
The emancipation of the slave in Westehester County was undoubtedly less a blessing to him than to his owner. Whatever may be the experience now in the more genial climate of the South, as to the ele- vation. happiness and inerease of the eolored race, after the recovery of its freedom, the result here was most disastrous. It was not, however, to the disadvan- tage of the master, for certain is it that the Westches- ter agriculturalist found himself called to more intel- ligent and remunerative tillage when relieved of the scarcely profitable help of his bondman. Such is the universal testimony.
What a right must have presented itself as over our three great thoroughfares, not only the farmers of the county, but often, as when the river and sound were icc-bound, those of the regions beyond passed into the city with their heavy loads of produee. There were hours of the day when the roads, it is said, were fairly blocked by the heavy traffic upon them, and eye witnesses deelare that at night even the floors of the bar and sitting-rooms of the taverns were spread over with the sleepers tarrying to rest themselves and their teams for a few hours ou the way.
The activity thus apparent was accompanied with such improvements in the several neighborhoods as readily to attract the attention of travelers. The eare taken of the highways and of the various public buildings may be seen in the town and church records. A reference to some of the private accounts shows in the repair of houses and estates a careful and yet lib- eral expenditure.
It is proper here to say that about this time the
Seyman, Drake 2.00
Underhill, James (N. C.). . 2.00 Sherwood, Jonathan. 2.00
Underhill, James (of Somers) 17.25 Underhill, Robert . 2.00
Underhill, John B. & Cu. . $21.88
Wells, Lemuel $15.00
Ward, Isaac. 1.00
Provoost, Wm. S 2.00
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