USA > New York > Westchester County > History of Westchester county : New York, including Morrisania, Kings Bridge, and West Farms, which have been annexed to New York City, Vol. I > Part 129
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This concludes the three years' volunteers raised in Westchester County as organizations, of which the records are accessible, in an official form, up to the raising of the regiment whose rolls are next in order.
The Sixth Heavy Artillery was originally raised at Yonkers for the One Hundred and Thirty-fifth New York Infantry, and mustered into the service from tlie 2d day of September, 1862, for three years. It then consisted of cight companies, but, in December of the same year two more were added, and the whole was mustered in as the Sixth Heavy Artillery at Fort McHenry, Baltimore, Md.
Company A contains the following names :
From Peekskill: Privates, Gabriel S. Adams, Charles E. Orne, J. H.
Wright, C. P. Crueger, W. N. Lent, D. R. Goethins, W. T. Travis, J. C. Halstead, John Smith, W. H. Dntcher, C. E. Snedicor, T. Garrison, D. A. Lent, W. M. Austin, Aug. Acker, Lewis Blakely, J. Bartlett, Val. Ben- inghoff, Daniel Conklin, John Cook, G. A. Cruger, T. A. Conklin, Har- vey Conklin, Patrick Curtis, Patrick Conly, Emmanuel Dadson, Willett Denike, Howard Diven, D. II. and W. B. Dykmans, Martin Dallaway, John Dobson, Levi Ellis, W. Fitzgerald, Hiram Fisher, Abram J. Fields, H. M. Gillette, David Giles, James Griffin, W. A. Giraud, Isaac W. How- land, Stephen Hyatt, Jackson Head, Alonzo Hadden, W. Halstead, John Henry, Jr., Peter Haines, Joseph Hanlig, Michael Kelly, W. Kurte, Samnel E., Richard and Jerome Lent, J. H. Lantz, Abraham E., Thomas and William E. Lonnsbury, James and Henry Lindsey, Patrick and John Lynch, Ferdinand Lent, W. J. Malone, Joseph McClain, Aaron Mackey, James Moriarty, Jefferson McCoy, H. W. Owens, William A. and Obediah Robertson, A. H. Rooke, Alex. Soper, L. Shonlder, S. S. Starr, C. W. Smith, Bruce Scribner, Richard Tamer, John Turbush, G. W. Tompkins, John Van Tassel, John Wessels, John W. Williams, Nathan Wright, David H. Williams, Samnel Williams, Fred. Young, Cornelins Zelyph, J. O. Ryder, W. H. Townsend.
From Yonkers, J. H. Boyce, J. B. Black, Frank Birdsall, Charles E. Bennenta, Walter R. Boyce and Willett Frost.
Company B contains the following :
From Greenburgh : Privates, B. Armstrong, U. T. Archer, A. Sylvester, Joseph Archer, David Brown, J. W. Brown, Oscar Brown, W. H. Brown, J. H. Brewer, John Conlan, Theodore Coles, H. R. Gilbert, G. W. Lint, O. D. King, W. H. Lnsh, Samuel H. Lynt, Orlando Melrose, M. McCnl- lagh, James Mosher, William O'Brien, W. Storms, Thomas Secord, Sim- eon Lee, J. S. Secord, W. P. Tompkins, J. H. Van Tassel, Theodore Yerks and William Lakin.
From White Plains : Privates, W. A. Ackerman, W. P. Andrew, Allen Ames, Fremer Brickles, Michael Butler, John Banta, D. P. Barnes, W. H. Baldwin, A. M. Bogart, W. Benedict, J. H. Carpenter, Victor MI. Collins, Michael Dempsey, H. R. Finch, II. Fowler, John Gedney, D. O. Greenongh, J. T. Hatfield, Con. Hollyer, S. H. Hopkins, W. H. Horton, William Jephson, Devins Lloyd, Robert Moore, M. Moroney, M. Metzler, Felix McLeod, N. F. Norris, N. S. Northrop, Martin O'Rourke, Patrick O'Donnell, S. C. Purdy, Eugene Purdy, Charles Pruck, Richard and Martin Ronrk, Mervin Sniffen, N. P. Sniffen, J. G. Terrell, J. A. Tomp- kins, Alexander Vosburgh, Jerome Weeks, Morris Welsh and F. W. Hagner. (See also Co. I.)
From Scarsdale : Privates, J. M. Boulton, Asa Carpenter, Patrick Conley, Andrew Champion, James Deboe, A. L. Dobbs, Elbert Fuller, Patrick Gorman, S. V. Lake, Lawrence Lowe, Robert Ogden, Jacob Steoffen, Eli Tifford, Charles Wrede, David A. Weed.
From Harrison : Privates, Patrick Burns, Joseph W. Haviland. Company C' was raised at West Farms, as follows:
Captain, Benjamin B. Valentine, and First Lientenant, James Smith, from that place, with Second Lieutenant, George C. Kibbe, from Yonkers ; Sergeants, James D. Turnbull, George Borland, James C. Cogswell and Andrew Wood, from West Farms ; Corporals, William Rasperry, John Williamson, Joseph Hueston, Eugene Maginnis, from same place.
Privates, Samuel Archer, J. N. Buckridge, W. Blake, Thomas Conner, W. Corsa, William Carroll, J. F. and William Carson, T. Cromwell, Jas. Connaughton, Gilbert Cromwell, Chas. Day, W. R. Eaken, G. Edmeston, J. B. Eakens, Il. B. Ferguson, W. B. Frazier, Alex. Gowdy, Richard Graham, Bernard Glenson, James Grayson, Michael Graham, Job Har- greaves, John Ilannon, F. Hitchcock, Abram IIinchcliffe, Jeremiah llanson, Stephen A. Harris, John Julian, W. Kelley, Matthew Kerrigan, David Kinlock, John Lounsberry, James Lummel, Paul Lounsberry, James McGill, W. McCord, Aaron Miller, Andrew McIntyre, Glass McNair, John Moody, John Murphy, William Mitchell, W. II. Maxwell, Charles Messer, Michael Murray, Andrew Moore, Michael Moran, Chas. Moran, Richard Mitchell, Patrick McCord, Thomas Nichols, James Ormeston, Samuel B. Pierce, Robert Parsons, W. K. Raymond, James R. Raymond, S. G. Ridgway, James Sloan, David H. Scofield, Jas. Sherry, H. W. St. John, James Schneider, C. H. Stanley, J. W. Taylor, W. Tot- man, James Thompson, John Valentine, George Wallen, W. Wright, Patrick Weldon, Robert Walsh, William Wesley, John Weeks, James T. Wilson, Henry Webb, Matthew Kelley, all from West Farms.
Company D shows the following list of names :
From Bedford: Privates, D. I. Darby, Benjamin Ballard, W. G. Hal- lett, David Osborn, Isaac Adams, Elisha, Enoch and William A. Avery, W. F. Banks, Uriah Blennis, Frederick Bullman, William H. and Wil- liam A. Clark, John Craft, John Crook, E. C. Devoe, James Elmore, H. F. Finch, Charles Fisher, N. Gaming, George Harrison, G. W. Holley,. Tim. Hinchy, Daniel Hoolam, Ed. Jackson, Alex. Johnson, John Kalt, David Kniffin, Oscar Lent, J. Il. Lounsberry, Lewis Matchett, Stephen
495
THE CIVIL WAR, 1860-65.
Matthews, William McGlyun, David, Frank, James and William J. Miller, David Mosher, David Munlton, John Powers, Jolin Rogers, Henry Schoyfler, Dauiel Springsteel, Charles Waterbury, W. . A. Water- bury, George W. Zar.
From North Salem : Sammel S. Austin, Andrew Quick, H. B. Slauson, James B. Payue, Halstead Baker, Charles H. Bates, M. F. Brundage, J. N. Cree, J. E. F. Ferguson, Mortimer Higgins, David Knapp, Marsden Light, Stephen D. Merritt, Ezra Miller, George Reynolds, Cornelius Smith, Alva Tompkins, Jolin C Wood.
From Poundridge': Alpheus Birdsall, Charles Il. Brush and Alanson Diekson.
Company E contains the following names :
From Port Chester : Sergeants, Charles Mackintosh, G. W. P. Bouton, Cephas Peck and James Reynolds ; Corporals, Thomas M. Smith, John L. Little, Thomas Conlin, Frank Kelley and James Taylor, Jr. ; Musi- cian, John Townsend ; Privates, William Ashby, Peter and Jereminh Butterfield, J. A. and Edward Billington, G. S. Burger, W. E. Briggs, Thomas Colvin, Owen Duffy, Ilenry C. Fox, Thomas Golden, Lnke Gaff- ney, Thomas T. Halpin, John Hughes, John Miller, Joseph H. Morrell, Michael Madigan, Barney McDonald, William Reynolds, Walter and George E. Rood, Jolın Riley, John St. John.
From Harrison : Sergeant, Theodore M. Swift ; Corporal, Henry C. Weeks ; Privntes, Thomas L. Ackerman, Philander Blauvelt, Joseph Brooks, Stepheu Burger, Samuel B. Farrington, Allen MI. Foster, Mat- thias llouff, Nehemiah llarris, Henry M. Hees, William Hicks, John llaines, David King, T. W. Johnson, Harvey R. King, Henry Lowrey, W. Il. Mosier, Alphonso D. Peck, W. H. Romer, Jacob Schiele, Stephen Waterbury, Jolın M. Weeks, George Wood, Robert Farrington.
From New Rochelle : Corporal, John Flandreau ; Privates, Dennis Buckley, Martin Burns, R. W. Deveau, Joshua Fields, Fred. Hatfield, William Mercer, W. Pagan, W. Schwab, James Secor, Charles Thatcher.
From Scarsdale: Musician, George W. Downing ; Private, Benjamin Odell.
From Westchester : Privates, John Costlow, William Geary, W. W. Hollen, W. Leonard, Christopher Mulligan, Michael McCaw, Henry Reinmuller, Richard Sullivan.
From North Castle : Elisha Ferris, G. W. Knapp, Jacob W. Lewis, D. R. Merritt, C. S. Palmer, Edward Tucker, Cornelius Van Scoy, Wil- liam Williams, William Glennon.
From Yorktown : Elias Fountain.
Company Fcontains the following names :
From Yonkers: Sergeants, Thomas R. Price, Patrick Kelly, Abel Waters and Lemuel R. Kniffin ; Corporals, J. J. Brady, James T. Earle, J. E. Beasley, Benjamin Price, Judson Abbott and Edgar C. Nodine ; Privates, Nat. Archer, James Burke, William Bragg, James Boyne, Michael Bennet, F. E. Barnes, James Brown, Daniel Casey, Patrick Collins, Andrew Conlan, James Carroll, John Coghlan, Joseph Cain, John Darlington, Michael Donohue, Johu Foley, S. B. Forman, Patrick Gorman, J. D. Gilbert, Francis Goodwin, John Henry, Jacob D Haines, James Hart, Hugh HInrst, William Hamilton, Demetrius Hallett, Timo- thy Kelly, William Kailey, Thomas Knin, T. W. Lonnsbury, William Lindsay, Solon Lapham, Thomas Lsuny, J. T. Morris, I. T. Meblahon, Philip McGraw, Michael Norris, John ('Donnell, Michael O'Rourke, William Pope, Thomas Rynn, James Pilson, Thomas Reiff, James Reid, Geo. Rein, T. A. Smith, J. E. Sherwood, R. Sherwood, William Thomp- son, Win. Vail, Geo. Voltz, Stephen Van Wart, Cornelius Vandervlandt, Richard and James Welsh, William Watson, Aaron Whitlock.
From Peekskill : Sergeant, George Hlanlock ; Corporals, Thomas Tuttle and Jacob Giles ; Privates, Robert Brown, Dennis Bradley, Jacob Boyce, Andrew Corry, Jolin Conover, W. D. Cannon, Michael Fagau, William Il. and Gilbert Gilleo, T. J. Head, Robert llamilton, William Harl, Aulick Joyce, Barney Key, Abraham Lent, John Laforge, James Laf- ferty, T. McLaughIan, Stephen McGovern, Jeremiah Miller, Barnett MeCaun, James Maguire, George W. Mott, Jesse B. Miller, J. W. l'owell, W. H. M. F. Seward, W. S. Shrimpton, Fred. Stockholm, Elijah Travis.
Company H contains the following names, all from the village of Mor- risania, then a part of the county :
Captain, llenry B. Ilall ; First Lieutenant, David Hazel ; Second Lieu- tenant, Gouverneur Morris, Jr.
Sergeants, James E. Jacobs, John E. Myers, George Denerlein ; Pri- vates, Christian Auchter, Jos. 11. Brown, John Baur, Peter Bergenger, Joseph Behrens, E. H. Blauvelt, Jacob Bock, J. J. Callahan, W. Camp- bell, W. B. Conlon, George Cramer, John Campbell, Frank Dicks, Jo- seph Dawson, Phil. Deahl, T MI. Dean, Henry Donohoe, l'hilip Fox, John J. Folks, Richard Freischbier, Wni. Green, Mortimer and William Gress- beck, Andrew Gonrty, James Gilhooly, John Graff, Michael Golden, llenry llerbst, Fred. llerron, Burkhard and .Joseph Ilaas, J. A. Hloyt,
Morgan llogan, R. Il. Ilerrington, Morris Iloag, George Hutton, Fred. Kolbe, C. R. Kellner, Peter Koos, Jacob Kraus, George Kassel, Garrett Keany, John Klotz, James Lyons, James Lawrence, E. S. Myers, Henry Miller, l'at. Meagher, John Malone, John Murphy, Thos. Murray, Gott- lieb Metzger, John Metzger, John McNally, Francis Myers, Paul Miller, George K. Mills, Pat. Nolan, Charles II. Nichols, James O'Brieu, Charles II. Platt, Wesley Philips, Daniel C. O'Neil, Henry Quackenbush, Timo- thy Redden, John Steiner, Charles and Thomas MI. Stevens, John A. and Charles Shintler, George Smith, Andrew Staekinger, Wmn. Schwartz, Frank Steiner, A. Sanguinetti, William Tanner, Joseph Trenimell, Edward Warner, William Walsh, Edward Wilkinson, John S. Wallaco, Anthony Webber, Fred. Wessel, George Van Winkle, Conrad Zaff, Wil- linm Groshon.
Company I contains the following names :
Captain Clark Peck, First Lieutenant Charles C. Hyatt, and Second Lieutenant J. H. Ashton, from Ossining ; with First Sergeant Leonard Crouk, from the same place.
From Ossining, besides the above : Privates Benjamin Ackerly, George W. Briggs, C. II. Chapuian, J. M. Clare, Stephen C. Chadeayue, Martin Cavanagh, Charles Dingue, James II. Doty, Thos. Donohne, Jos. Din- gne, Wm. Garrett, Alonzo Geroe, Aaron L. Griffin, Peter Ganong, Peter Ilughes, Jonathan Knight, Wm. Knight, George W. Knapp, Daniel Luther, Abmı. M. Miller, Thos. Tatlee, J. L. Vau Wort, James Wilson and James Young.
From New Castle : Abel Adams, Abram Harrison, Harrison Adams, J. MI. Birdsall, James Brundage, Wni. Brindley, George Daniels, George Emuier, Charles Fisher, Henry Feeks, L. H. Hutchings, Edward Mel- rose, Engene Marshall, James Magiu, George, William and Warren Onthouse, W. E. Reynolds, Christian Raper, C. R. Reynolds, John Scully, Hiram Smalley, Alexander, William H. and James Yerks.
From Yorktown : Michael Barnes, J. M. Craft, Auson Edwards, John S. Johnson, Clifton R. Nichols, Joseph Rhodes, Jesse K. Sarles, Jackson Young.
From Cortlandt : Privates, John Braekin, William Connor, Charles Hartman, Robert Hitchcock, Elvin Ilowes, Henry C. Pnrdy, Daniel Ryan.
From North Castle : Privates, W. II. Dayton, Lewis M. White.
From Mount Pleasant : Privates, John W. Farrington, Ab'm B. Ilam- mond, Henry E. Higgins, Benjamin F. Melrose, James O. Yerks and Theo. Young.
From Bedford : Privates, James Feeks, David Miller, Charles A. Miller Alfred C. Miller, William Taylor, Hiram, James E. and Jonas A. Wor- den.
Company K contains the following names :
First Lieutenant, Frederic Shonuard, from Yonkers.
From Harrison : Private, Peter Busket.
From White Plains : Privates, Martin Bennett, Patrick Connolly, llenry Earle, Jos. Flanigan, Adam Fowler, F. W. Hagner (see Co. B) Robert E Higg ns, William Lyons, Henry Luens, Thomas Moore, John Moulte, John ConI in, F. C. Pur ly, John M : Callongh.
From Scarsdale : Privates, Asa Carpenter, Elbert Fuller, Otliniel Mer- ritt.
From West Farms : Privates, John Claude, Edward Cromwell; Peter Dodge, Simon Kurkabittich, John F. Mullin, Martin Moran, Jolin Schappler, Jolin Roan, Orlando Vreeland, William Phelps, Charles and Frederick Sageman, Joseph Davis, George Philips.
From Greenburgh : Privates, Edward Fulun, John Golden, George Lloyd, Michael McCulloch, Joseph O'Malley, Francis Talaor, W. B. Adams.
Company L was chiefly recruited in Putnam County, but it has the following names from Westchester County :
From Yorktown : Sergeant, William Emmerson ; Corporal, John Ham- ilton ; Privates, Jordan Ackerman, James Barnes, John D. Crawford, Ilerman G. and Samnel M. Grey, Thomas Higgins, John Ritz, John W. Weeks.
From Yonkers: Privates, James McCann, John Soth.
From Cortlandt : Private Abraham Florence, and from Greenburgh, Privates James Britliffe, William Denke.
Company M is the last from the county, and has the following names: Captain Joseph T. Tompkins, from Morrisania ; First Lieutenant, Justus T. Crosby, from North Salem.
From Mount Pleasant : First Sergeant J. Il. Goodell, and Privates Henry Brown, James 11. Devliu, Patrick Galloon, Cina Giusippa, Thos. Mullen, Richard Seeley, Antonio Superno.
From Yonkers : sergeants W. Elmendorf and David C. Munson, with Privates Peter Brooks, Chas. Baker, Lewis Baur, Alonzo Bird, W. Kline, Abram ('ornell, Charles Cape, Thomas Connor, Michael Delaney, Michael
496
HISTORY OF WESTCHESTER COUNTY.
Dorr, John Gleason, Dennis Harrington, Francis Helminger, Thomas Hampson, George Hendrickson, Daniel Losee, H. R. Mason, W. Mc- Causeland, John G. MIclean, Wm O'Neil, Fred. Raisler, Seymour H. Reynolds, John Smith, Pati Victor, Oscar Weeks, Charles L. De Witt.
From North Salem : Privates, Daniel Crane, James Dailey, George Ful- ler, Lewis Higgins, Henry Hawley,
From North Castle : Corporal, Frederick Kratz; Privates, David Mar- shal, Hudson and George Reynolds.
From Bedford : Sergeant, Edward T. Palmer ; Privates, John Banker, George A. Felt, Joshua Fowler, Jobn A. Keeler, John A. Lockwood, Abram Philips, John Rich.
From Poundridge : Corporals, Theodorick Barrclaugh, Andrew Sco- field ; Privates, James Allstream, Theodore Birdsall, George Dixon, Charles Hamilton, Thos. E. Halford, Joseph M. Halford, Isaac W. Miller, John Platt, Nathaniel W. Sylvester.
From Lewisborough : Privates, William Bennett, Frank Gruba.
From Ossining : Privates Joseph E. Browu, Miles O'See, Harvey G. Ross.
From White Plains : Private Jobn Cooley.
The last organization with which the county ap- pears to have been identified is the Sixteenth (Sprague Light) Cavalry, which was mustered into the service from June to October, 1863. The companies of this regiment in which the county furnished men, officially accredited thereto, were K, L and M, in which the following names appear :
Company K .- Privates Charles II. Ackermau, Philip Apel, Henry Apel- hans, John Baker, John Baureis, Anthony Chicbester, Robert Clark, Gustavus Dahlgren, Ernest Diezelski, Gustavus Francis, Lorenzo Hacket, Frederic Haller, John Hoffman, William Moore, Theodore Pickery, Henry Raymond, James T. Scanlan, William Shields, Walter Smith, Henry R. Thompson, George Thompson, Jobn Walsh and Henry Zollin- ger, all of Mount Pleasant, chiefly recruited by Captain Ronald Mc- Nichol.
John Armstrong, Edwin D. Barlow, Franz Carl Digel, Thomas Dunn. Pat. Haviland, Milton A. Ilewen, and George Weaver, of Youkers.
Theodore Bennett, Patrick Byrne, William II. Collyer, John Harkins, John Kurzook, Dennis Murley, John Murphy, John Quicker, Frank Verder and Joshua R. Williams, of Greenburgb.
Company L .- James Kirwin, William Marshall, Daniel C. Bannatine, James Murray, John Schwartz, Nicholas Seray, Archibald Van Orden, of Greenburgh.
John Breadle, John M. Bloom, Patrick Brennan, Michael Collins, Henry Davenport, Andrew J. Fleming, John Fitzpatrick, John Hunt, Charles Hart. Charles Lewis, of White Plains.
Company M .- William Norris, Richard A. Adams, Richard Bell, of Greenburgh, appear as sergeants, while Corporal Edward II. Lynch hails from the same place,
Privates Michael Buckley, Charles B. Brown, Patrick Byrnes, Johu Barrett, William Biederbeck, William Collyer, James Carroll, John Ca- rey, Henry Connor, Thomas Clark, J. H. Connors, Thomas Cusick, Charles Coyle, James Clark, Martin Dooley, William Davidson, Michael Driscoll, Patrick Donnelly, Henry Davis, Charles Damain, James W. Elliott, John Gilligan, W. Il. Gibbs, William Gregory, Richard Hore, Conrad Hauser, Thomas Hill, Isidor Hansle, Armand Jouanne, Thomas Kearns, Charles Keenan, Peter Ledgwidge, Patrick Larkin, Charles P. Lange, Patrick Lyons, Henry Lehmuhle, John McGrath, James Mooney, John Miles, John Miller, Robert Milligan, Charles Mader, John O'Con- nell, Martin Peterson, Francis Quinn, James Rogers, Hugh MI. Robert- son, Martin Rauan, Charles Radetzky, David Shannon, George Smith, Francis Smith, W. II. Smith, Charles II. Von Tine, Lanrence Williams, Thomas White, Dick Williams, Albert Wilson, Joshna Williams and August Yobiges, of Greenburglı.
This closes the history of the three years' volunteers in Westchester County, as far as the original enlist- ments are concerned, the names being taken from the original muster-rolls, but not including subsequent enlistments, which do not appear in the publication issued by the State adjutant-general. It is a matter of regret that this has never been done, as in some other States; but, the population of New York being
so large and the men sent from the State so numerous, this has been hitherto deemed impracticable.
The doings of the men who went from the county to the field, their sufferings and losses, will be best told under a later head.1
HOME AFFAIRS, TO THE ELECTION OF GOVERNOR SEYMOUR .- A history of the county during the war, which did not take notice of the bitter political divi- sions within its limits, would be a farce ; but it is im- portant, in stating the facts that appear, to bear in mind the pre-existing prejudices which had made them possible.
The prime cause of the divisions was the near neighborhood of the city of New York, on which the county depended for mental and moral aliment, and whose opinions and passions it reflected. As in the Revolution, Westchester County became a sort of debatable ground, where both partics raged. The reproachful terms of "Whig," "Tory," "Cowboy" and "Skinner" were changed to " Abolitionist," "Copperhead," " Nigger-Worshipper" and "Traitor." Families were divided, churches rent into factions, and actual fighting was only saved the county, during the draft riots of 1863, by the fact that the rioters did not get their courage to the fighting point till it was too late to do anything.
The most prominent factor in the feeling, as shown in the comments of the Eastern State Journal, already quoted, was intense dislike of the Republicans, rather than active sympathy with the Secessionists. At the time of Mr. Lincoln's election the majority of the voters of the county honestly believed, with the Eastern State Journal, that all Republicans were designing knaves, who earnestly wished to break up the Union.
Up to the death of the old Whig party, the distinc- tion between that and the Democracy had been broad, simple and easily understood. The one party was centralizing, the other decentralizing. The dis- turbing element of slavery had altered all this; the old line of demarcation had vanished ; but extreme partisans, on both sides, kept on talking and thinking about abstractions that had ceased to have any real existence. Under the operation of the Fugitive Slave Law, the Democrats had become advocates of " Federal Coercion," in favor of slavery, in Kansas; while the Republicans preached the most extreme doctrines of " State-rights," in the "personal liberty laws," by which the Northern States resisted or evaded the
) To complete the history of the three years' volunteers who ac" tually went from Westchester County would involve the names of all men who enlisted after the formation and mustering of each company. I contemplated gathering these in as far as possible, but soon found that a complete list would be' impracticable, while an incomplete one might give just offense to men whose names would be unavoidably left out, from lack of information. Ihave, therefore, preferred to insert only those names found in the official muster-rolls, published by the State, which contains ninety or ninety-five per cent. of the actual enlistments. After the draft began, in 1863, the records are no guide, as men were credited to any place where bonnties could be obtained-the higher the better. -F. W.]
497
THE CIVIL WAR, 1860-63.
operation of the United States marshals, whenever it was sought to enforce the act. Individuals of the party, like Wendell Philips, openly denounced the Union as "a covenant with death, and a league with liell." Furthermore, a spirit of sectional pride, roused by the arrogant bearing of Southern members of Congress and by the assault of Brooks of South Caro- lina, ou Charles Sumner, was gradually becoming inore and more prominent. The young men of the party, not unjustly denominated " sectional," in the North, were getting ready to fight, just as the Southern youths were preparing, in their own States, for the coming conflict. The Democrats, who, under Thomas Jefferson, had been distrustful of the Constitution, and insisting on amendments in the direction of personal liberty, had, in 1860, become the most ardent of " Constitution-worshippers," insisting on the absolute perfection of the instrument and on the right of Southern States to the fullest protection, under its provisions, for their slaves, in the free States. In the legal aspect of the ease, they had the advantage of the Supreme Court on their side. The Republicans, on the other hand, treated the " constitutional" argu- ments as not practical, and constantly shifted the ground to that of the right or wrong of slavery. They cultivated habits, which did not leave them, during the war, of decrying their opponents as "dough-faees;" "trucklers to the South ;" " men devoid of proper spirit," and, after the war had begun, even as "traitors." The Democrats retorted, with equal conviction, charges that the Republicans were not " true Union men ;" that they were uot " for the Union, under all circumstances, with or without slavery."
It was the grain of truth at the bottom of all these recriminations that rendered them so exasperating, causing party feeling to run higher in the county than in any other part of the Union, save the city of New York, Southern Indiana or New Jersey.
It has been often said that "the war between the North and South would never have taken place had the people of the two sections known each other bet- ter." It is cqually true that the party divisions that rent Westchester County would never have risen to such proportions and bitterness had the members of both parties tried to sce, in the minds of the others, the real convictions which underlay the apparently radical differences in politics. The literature of the time, carefully perused, now that the film of passion has cleared from the mental sight, will show that there was not an actual "Secessionist" to be found in the county. Even the Democrats disapproved of secession, though they held to Buchanan's doctrine that the Union "rested on public opinion," and " could never be cemented by the blood of its cit- izens." Their real hatred of the Republicans was owing to a fcar of centralization and military despot- ism, which after-facts showed to be unjustified by the designs of Mr. Lincolu's adminstration.
The Eastern State Journal, from which we continue to quote, as being published at White Plains, the county-seat, and as the official county paper, will show the state of feeling of eight thousand voters of the county better than anything else.
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