USA > New York > Monroe County > History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve; embracing the counties of Monroe, Ontario, Livingston, Yates, Steuben, most of Wayne and Allegany, and parts of Orleans, Genesee, and Wyoming. To which is added, a Supplement, or Extension of the pioneer history of Monroe county > Part 29
USA > New York > Allegany County > History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve; embracing the counties of Monroe, Ontario, Livingston, Yates, Steuben, most of Wayne and Allegany, and parts of Orleans, Genesee, and Wyoming > Part 29
USA > New York > Livingston County > History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve; embracing the counties of Monroe, Ontario, Livingston, Yates, Steuben, most of Wayne and Allegany, and parts of Orleans, Genesee, and Wyoming. To which is added, a Supplement, or Extension of the pioneer history of Monroe county > Part 29
USA > New York > Yates County > History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve; embracing the counties of Monroe, Ontario, Livingston, Yates, Steuben, most of Wayne and Allegany, and parts of Orleans, Genesee, and Wyoming. To which is added, a Supplement, or Extension of the pioneer history of Monroe county > Part 29
USA > New York > Ontario County > History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve; embracing the counties of Monroe, Ontario, Livingston, Yates, Steuben, most of Wayne and Allegany, and parts of Orleans, Genesee, and Wyoming. To which is added, a Supplement, or Extension of the pioneer history of Monroe county > Part 29
USA > New York > Wyoming County > History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve; embracing the counties of Monroe, Ontario, Livingston, Yates, Steuben, most of Wayne and Allegany, and parts of Orleans, Genesee, and Wyoming. To which is added, a Supplement, or Extension of the pioneer history of Monroe county > Part 29
USA > New York > Steuben County > History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve; embracing the counties of Monroe, Ontario, Livingston, Yates, Steuben, most of Wayne and Allegany, and parts of Orleans, Genesee, and Wyoming. To which is added, a Supplement, or Extension of the pioneer history of Monroe county > Part 29
USA > New York > Genesee County > History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve; embracing the counties of Monroe, Ontario, Livingston, Yates, Steuben, most of Wayne and Allegany, and parts of Orleans, Genesee, and Wyoming. To which is added, a Supplement, or Extension of the pioneer history of Monroe county > Part 29
USA > New York > Wayne County > History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve; embracing the counties of Monroe, Ontario, Livingston, Yates, Steuben, most of Wayne and Allegany, and parts of Orleans, Genesee, and Wyoming. To which is added, a Supplement, or Extension of the pioneer history of Monroe county > Part 29
USA > New York > Orleans County > History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve; embracing the counties of Monroe, Ontario, Livingston, Yates, Steuben, most of Wayne and Allegany, and parts of Orleans, Genesee, and Wyoming. To which is added, a Supplement, or Extension of the pioneer history of Monroe county > Part 29
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* Mr. Dolson lived near Elmira. In one of Mr. Williamson's backwoods excursions in 1792, he had an attack of fever at Mr. Dolson's house, where he was nursed until he recovered. He presented the family with twenty guineas, and a farm wherever they might choose it upon the purchase.
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was his agent, until he finally returned to Scotland, in 1803, or '4, when he left all his affairs in America, with his friend Col. Benja- min Walker, of Utica. The successor of Col. Walker in the care of the Williamson estate, was John HI. Woods Esq., of Geneva, with whom it now remains.
Aaron Burr was identified, as has already been observed, with some of the earliest movements in the direction of the Genesee country. Soon after Mr. Williamson's arrival, he made his acquain- tance, and retained him as counsel in his business ; and the farther relation of strong personal friendship soon succeeded. In 1995, Mr. Burr made a visit to this region, continuing his journey as far west as Niagara Falls. He was accompanied by his daughter The- odosia, and her then, or afterwards, husband, Mr. Allston. The party were on horseback.# Upon this occasion. Mr. Williamson had interviews with him, if he was not in fact, his travelling com- panion in a part of the trip; and when Mr. Williamson became a member of the legislature in '96, and in succeeding years, business and social relations, made them frequent companions in Albany. In whatever project Mr. Burr had at the south, Mr. Williamson was blended, and would have taken a conspicuous part in it, if it had not been so summarily arrested.
After Mr. Williamson left this country, he resided at the home of his family in Balgray, and in London. He died in '1808. The only record of the event, that the author has been able to obtain, is the following extract of a letter from Col. Walker, to " Mr. Wm. Ellis,
NOTE .- Col. Benjamin Walker, was an early and prominent citizen of Utica. In the early part of the Revolution he had been in the staff of Gen. Washington, and was afterwards the aid of Baron Steuben. He is connected with a good anecdote of the Baron : - Reviewing some raw troops, he ordered them with his imperfect English pronunciation, to fall back, which they mistook for "advance," and came rushing di- rectly upon him. Irritated, and fearing they would understand him no better in his reprimands, he ordered Col. Walker to d-n them in English.
In 1792 he was surveyor of the port of New York, and was employed by Messrs. Pulteney and Hornby to settle with an agent in this country, who had invested some money for them in lands, (other than the Genesee purchase,) which led to bis carly acquaintance with Mr. Williamson. His correspondence with Mr. Williamson after ho returned to Europe, would indicate superior talents ; and there could be gleaned from them mummy interesting early reminiscences of events in this country. Col. Walker died in Utiea, in 1818. An only daughter married D'Villiers, a French gentleman, who was in this region in '94, or '5. She died in France. The only representative of the family in this country, is an adopted daughter, Mrs. Bours of Geneva.
* In this western visit Mr. Burr parted from his travelling companions at Avon, and went down and visited the falls of the Genesee, taking their height, and a landscape view of them. He shared the log cabin of Mr. Shaeffer, over night, on his return, and the old gentleman well remembers his praises of the new country, and his "pleasant, sociable turn."
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Nicholson street, Edingburg :"-" An extract sent me from an English newspaper, announces the death of my friend, Col. Will- iamson, as having happened on his passage from Havanna to England; an event which will be most sincerely lamented by a numerous acquaintance in this country, who esteemed and loved him."
There is now no descendants of Mr. Williamson in this country. He lost a son and a daughter in Bath ; and a son and daughter went soon after him to Scotland. The daughter survives. Charles A. Williamson, the son, married a Miss Clark of New York, and resi- ded in Geneva. Enticed by the discovery of gold in California - although he would seem to have had enough of wealth to satisfy a reasonable ambition - he took the overland route in the summer of 1818, died of cholera at Fort Laramie; and about the same period his wife died in Scotland.
Sir William Pulteney died in May, 1805, leaving an only heir, his daughter, Henrietta Laura Pulteney, Countess of Bath. She died in July, 1808. DO For historical, and legal deduction of title to lands, other than what is contained in the body of the work, see Appendix No. 11.
ROBERT TROUP.
The successor of Mr. Williamson, in the general agency of the London Association, was Col. Robert Troup. He was a native of New Jersey ; in the war of the Revolution, he was the aid of Gen
NOTE .- There are contradictory accounts of Mr. Williamson's position at the period of his death. One is, that he had been appointed by the British government, Govern- or of one of the West India Islands; and another is, that his adventurous and enter- prising spirit, had connected him with some of the earliest movements in relation to South American Independence, in which he was to have borne a conspicuous part ; and in pursuance of which, he was at sea, at the period of his death.
NOTE .- In a letter from James Wa Isworth to Col. Troup, dated in September, 1805, he says : - " I have just hear 1 of the death of Sir William Pultney. My mind is strong- ly impressed with the di asters that may befal this section of the State, from the event. Sir William was a man of business ; he was capable of deciding for himself, what was and what was not proper. What may be the character of his successor we know not." In another letter from the same to the same, it is assumed that the successor in the management of the estate, is Sir James Pulteney. MIr. W. says : - I once dined with Sir James at Sir William's; he is devoted to the army, and a great favorite of the Duke of York ; and I think I have been informed, quite regardless of property ; but of his honorable views, and perfect soundness of mind, I have no reason to doubt."
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Gates ; his father was an officer of the navy in the preceding French war. Previous to the Revolution, Col. Troup had been a student at law in the office of Thomas Smith, of Havestraw, New Jersey, and subsequently in the office of Gov. Jay. After obtaining license, he opened an office in the city of Albany, and soon after returned to New York, where he practiced law until 1801. He was a few years a Judge of the U. S. District Court. In 1801 he was appoin- ted a general agent of the Pulteney estate. Residing in New York and Albany, he frequently visited this region, until 1814, when he became a permanent resident of Geneva. Under his auspices a large portion of the original purchase of the London Associates, (such as had not been settled during Mr. Williamson's administra- tion.) was sold and settled. Liberal in his views, publie spirited, and possessed of much practical knowledge, he was a valuable helper in speeding on the prosperity of the Genesee country. Al- though the " Mill Tract," west of the Genesee river, was settled under the immediate auspices of Mr. Wadsworth, Col. Troup as the general agent, had much to do in all that relates to its pioneer history ; and for over thirty years, his name was conspicuously blended with the history of all this local region. He was one of the early prometers of the Erie Canal, and wielding a ready and able pen. he did much to forward that great measure in its early projection and progress. Ile was the intimate friend of Alexander Hamilton, and in fact few enjoyed more of the intimate acquaint- ance and friendship, of the most of prominent men of the Revolution, and early statesmen of New York. He died in New York in 1832, aged 74 years. He had two sons, one of whom died in Charleston, and the other in N. York. A daughter of his is Mrs. James L. Brinkerhoof, of N. York; and another unmarried daughter resides in New York.
Before Col. Troup's removal to Geneva, the immediate duties of the agency devolved successively upon John Johnstone. John Hes- lop and Robert Scott. Heslop was first a clerk of Mr. Wads- worth, and entered the Geneva office a short time before the close of Mr. Williamson's agency. He died on a visit to his native country, England. Mrs. Greshom, of Brooklyn, is a daughter of his.
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JOSEPH FELLOWS.
Joseph Fellows is a native of Warwickshire, England ; from which place his father emigrated in 1795 to Luzerne county, Penn., 17 miles from Wilkesbarre. At the age of fourteen, soon after the arrival of the family in this country, he entered the office of Isaac I. Kip, Esq., as a student at law ; was admitted to practice, but soon after entered the office of Col. Troup. He came to Geneva in 1810, as a sub-agent in the Pultney land office ; the details of the agency principally devolved upon him, until the death of Colonel Troup, when he became his successor in the general agency, which position he still retains. Mr. Fellows is a bachelor ; a sister of his was the wife of Dr. Eli Hill, the carly physician of Conesus and Genesco. Dr. Hill removed to Berrien, Michigan, where he died in 1838. His three sons, Edward, Joseph and Henry, are residents of Buffalo. Mrs. Hill survives, and resides at Geneva, with her brother.
The purchasers of the Pultney lands, have found in Mr. Fellows an agent disposed to conduet the business with strict integrity, and in the same spirit of liberality and indulgence that had actuated his predecessors. "I went to him," said a farmer upon the Lake shore, in Wayne county, to the author, "and told him my house was old and uncomfortable, and I could build if he would give me an exten- sion of payment. He granted inc even more than I asked." " My payments were due," said another, "sickness had been added to unpropitious seasons ; he made a liberal deduction of interest, and gave me an extension of payment, which enabled me finally to pos- sess an unincumbered farm."
The clerks in the Geneva office, in successsion, have been Thos. Goundry, George Goundry, William Van Wort, David H. Vanee. The present elerks are Wm. Young and John Wride.
When Mr. Williamson left Bath, James Reese removed there from Geneva, and took the temporary charge of the Land Office. Resigning the post in 1803, he was succeeded by Samuel L. Haight.
Gen. Hlaight was a student at law, with the late Gen. Matthews. at Newtown ; entering his office in 1796. In 1801 he was admitted 18
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to practice in the Supreme Court, and in the following year opened an office in Bath. Assuming the duties of the Land Office soon after, he continued to discharge them until 1814. He was sub- sequently the law partner of General Matthews at Bath, and re- mained so until Gen. M. removed to Rochester in 1821. He now resides at Cuba, Allegany county. Besides holding important civil stations, in 1819 he received the appointment of Major General of the 25th military division, then comprising the counties of Steuben, Allegany, Cattaraugus and Chautauque .*
The subsequent agents in the Bath office have been, Dugald Cameron, and William M'Kay ; the latter of whom is the present agent. He is the son of John S. M'Kay, who emigrated to Geneva in 1800, and died in Pittsford, in 1819.
JOHN GREIG.
Mr. Greig was a native of Moffat, in Dumfrieshire, Scotland. His father was a lawyer by profession, the factor or agent of the Earl of Hopeton; and besides, a landholder, ranking among the better class of Scotch farmers. After having acquired in his native parish, and in a High School in Edinburg, a substantial education, while undetermined as to his pursuits in life, Mr. Johnstone. who, it will have been seen, had been in this region, connected with Mr. Williamson, revisited his native country, and meeting Mr. Greig, induced him to be his companion on his return to the new world. They arrived at New York, in the winter of 1799 and 1800, after a tedious passage of eleven weeks. Mr. Greig, after spending some time in New York and Albany, came to Canandaigua, in April, 1800. He became a student at law, in the office of Nathaniel W. Howell, and in 1804 was admitted to practice. In 1806, on the occurrence of the death of his friend, John Johnstone, he succeeded him in the agency of the Hornby and Colquhoun estate ; in which he has continued up to the present period.
In an early period of his professional career, he became the part- ner of Judge Howell ; the partnership continued until 1820. Ming- ling with his professional duties, the arduous ones consequent upon
* In 1819 all that territory contained but 3,100 men, subject to military duty,
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the sale and settlement of large tracts of wild lands, professional eminence could hardly be expected : yet in early days, when there were "giants in the land"- when the bar of western New York had in its front rank, a class of men, whose places can now harldy be said to be filled - they found in the young foreigner a professional cotemporary, possessed of sound legal acquirements : and especially recommending himself to their esteem, by a high sense of honor, and a courtesy, which ruled his conduct at the bar, as well as in the business and social relations of life.
As a patroon of new settlements - which his agency of a foreign and absent principal. made him - in that position, in which so im- portant an influence is wielded over the destinies of a new coun- try-his best eulogy is found in the frequent expressions of gratitude, which a gatherer of historical reminiscences may hear, from the lips of surviving Pioneers, for indulgence and kindness received at his hands ..
Mr. Greig succeeded Mr. Gorham, in the Presidency of the On- tario Bank, soon after 1820, which place he continues to fill. He became one of the Regents of the University in 1825, and is now the Vice Chancellor of the Board. In 1841, '2, he was the Repre- sentative in Congress, from Ontario and Livingston ; and is now one of the managers of the Western House of Refuge.
He is now 72 years of age ; his general health and constitution not seriously impaired ; his mental faculties retaining much of the vigor of middle age ; having the general supervision of his estate, and discharging the public duties which his several offices impose.
One of the largest estates of western New York, is the fruit of his youthful ad vent to a region he has seen converted from a wil- derness, to one of fruitful fields and unsurpassed prosperity ; - of a long life of professional and business enterprise and judicious man- agement. Leaving his young countrymen and school fellows to inherit estates ; with a self-reliance, which can only give substantial success in life, he boldly and manfully struck out into a new field of enterprise - a then fresh and new world - and became the founder of one. Liberal in its management and disposition, with a sensible estimate of what constitutes the legitimate value and use of wealth ; he is the promoter of public enterprises, the liberal patron of public, and the dispenser of private charities ; in all of which he finds a willing co-operator in his excellent wife, who is a worthy descend-
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ant of one who occupied a front rank among the earliest Pio- neers of the Genesee country. She was the daughter of Captain Israel Chapin, the grand-daughter of Gen. Israel Chapin ; was mar- ried to Mr. Greig in 1806.
CHAPTER III.
- INDIAN DIFFICULTIES - BRITISHI INTERFERENCE - INDIAN COUNCILS - GEN. ISRAEL CHIAPIN.
IN preceding pages, the reader has observed some indications of unsettled relations between the Indians, and the early adventurers of our own race, in the Genesee country ; and the mischievous influence of those to whom they had been allies in the Revolution. All this will be farther exhibited in connection with the early settle- ment of Sodus. In this chapter it is proposed to treat the subject generally, avoiding as far as possible a repetition of what has been and will be, in the other connections, but incidental.
The reader of American general history, need hardly be told, that what was called a treaty of peace with Great Britain, in 1783, war rather an armistice - a cessation of hostilities - and that but little of real peace, or amicable relations, was immediately conse- quent upon it. On the one hand, a proud arrogant nation, worsted in a contest with a few feeble colonies, its invading armies defeated and routed, grudgingly and reluctantly yielded to a stern necessity, and allowed only enough of concession to be wrung from her, to secure the grounding of arms. And on the other hand, success, victory, had been won by a last, and almost desperate effort, - the wearied colonies gladly embracing an opportunity to rest. Thus conditioned, the terms of peace were illy defined, and left open questions, to irritate and furnish grounds for a renewal of hostilities.
.
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British armies re-crossed the ocean, and British navies left our coasts, but British resentment was still rife. In the palace at Windsor, England's King was mourning with almost the weakness of childhood, or dotage, over his lost colonies; yielding to the sacrifice with a bad grace, and in the absence of any kingly digni- ty. Rich jewels had dropped from his crown, and he refused to be reconciled to their loss ; and his ministers, with more of philosophy, but little less of chagrin and discomfiture, in peace negotiations, seem almost to have made mental reservations, that contemplated a renewal of the contest. The homely adage, "like master like man," was never better illustrated, than it was in the persons and official acts of those who came out as government officers and agents, to look to the little that was saved to England, after the wreck of the Revolution. But one spirit, and one feeling pervaded in the home and colonial governments. It was that the treaty had been an act of present necessity, that had not contemplated an ultimate sacrifice of such magnitude as was the final loss of the American colonies. The statesmen of England, were not unmind- ful that the site of an Empire lay spread out around our western lakes and rivers, and in all of what is now western New York, over which the Indians held absolute and undisputed sovereignty. Those Indians were their allies, ready to take the tomahawk from its belt, and the knife from its sheath at their bidding.
The first, and principal hope and reliance of England, touching the reversion of her lost empire, was that the experiment of free government would be a failure. Astonished that resistance to their rule had been attempted by a few feeble colonies, and more aston- ished that it had been successful - almost prepared to believe in the decrees of fate, or the enactment of miracles - they were yet unprepared to believe that discordant materials could be so blended together as to insure a permanent separation ; that here in the backwoods of America, statesmen would be created by exigency, with a firmness, an intuitive wisdom, to mould together a perma- nent confederacy, that would be the wonder of the old world ; a political phenomena - and thus secure all that had been so dearly won. After the close of the Revolution, every movement upon this side of the water, was watched with intense anxiety. Unpro- pitious as were the first few years of the experiment, the events in creased their confidence. The difficulties growing out of disputed
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boundaries between the States; the Shay rebellion in Massachu- setts ; the internal commotions in Pennsylvania; and finally the discordant views of those who came together to form a Union, and a permanent government ; all helped to increase their hopes, that divided and distracted, the colonies would either fall back into their embraces, or be an casy conquest when they chose to renew the war.
In the final success in the formation of a confederacy of States, - the Union - the interested croakers lost some confidence in their predictions, but they still hoped for the worst. If they admitted for a moment that there might be a confederacy of eastern States, they thought they saw enough of the elements of trouble in geo- graphical divisions, in conflicting interests of soils and climate ; in a curse they had entailed upon the colonies in the form of African slavery, to insure the failure of the experiment to embrace the whole in one political fabric.
Disappointed in their earliest hopes, they fell back upon another reliance ; that by means of a continued alliance with the Six Na- tions, and with the western Indians, they should be enabled to re- tain all of what had been French Canada ; western New York, the vallies of the western lakes and the Mississippi. With this end in view, by means of pretences so flimsy, that they never rose to the dignity of being sufficiently defined to be understood, they disre- garded the plainest stipulations of the treaty of 1783, withheld the posts upon Lake Ontario and the western lakes, and steadily pur- sued the policy of commercial outrages and annoyances, dogged and irritating diplomacy, and bringing to bear upon the Indians an influence that was intended to embarrass all our negotiations with them, and ultimately to make them allies in a renewed contest for dominion over them and their territory. "
The settlement of the Genesee country, commenced under the untoward circumstances of a continued British occupancy ; the native owners of the soil, but illy reconciled to the treaties of ces- sions, and thus in a condition to be easily incited to mischief; while off upon the borders of the western lakes, were numerous nations and tribes ready to join them, to redress their fancied wrongs, at the instigation of the malign influences that lingered among them. For six years after feeble settlements were scattered in backwood's localities, the British retained Fort Oswego and Niagara, and the
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western posts ; no American commerce was allowed on Lake Onta- rio, or if allowed, it was a mere sufferance, attended with all the annoyance and insolence of an armed police at the two important points, Oswego and Niagara.
In the person of Lord Dorchester, the Gov. General of Canada, was an implacable enemy of the disenthralled colonies, an embodi- ment and fit representative of the spirit that ruled his home gov- ernment, and his deputy, General Simcoe, the Lieutenant Governor of the Upper Province, located at Niagara, was well fitted to take the lead in that then retreat of mischief makers and irreconciled refugees. Sir John Johnstone, after his retreat from the Mohawk, had continued to reside at Montreal, and after the war, retained a large share of the influence he had inherited, over the Six Nation's. He may well be supposed to have had no very kind feelings toward his old neighbors. He was in fact the ready helper in the persevering attempts that were made to keep the Indians irreconciled and trouble- some. The position of Joseph Brant was equivocal ; keen scrutiny and watchfulness, failed to determine what were his real inclina- tions. Even his partial biographer, has left his conduct in the crisis we are considering, an enigma. At times he would seem to have been for peace; in his correspondence with Messrs. Kirkland, Phelps, Thomas Morris, General Chapin, and with the Secretary of War, General Knox, there were professions of peaceful inclina- tions ; while at the same period, he would be heard of in war coun- cils of the western Indians, stirring up with a potent influence, side by side with his British allies, their worst passions; or organizing
NOTE .- As late as the summer of 1795, even after the Jay treaty and Wayne's treaty of Grenville, Col. Simcoe was irreconciled, and to all appearances looking forward to a renewal of the contest between Great Britain and her lost colonies, or States as they had then become. The Duke Liancourt, was then his guest, at Niagara, who says of him :- "War seems to be the object of his leading passions ; " he is acquainted with the military history of all countries; no hillock catches his eve without exciting in his mind the idea of a fort, which might be constructed on the spot, and with the construction of this fort he associates the plan of operations for a campaign, especially of that which is to lead him to Philadelphia." At the Indian village of Tuscarora, near Lewiston, where the Duke accompanied him, he told the Indians that the "Yan- kees were brooding over some evil designs against them ; that they had no other object in view but to rob them of their lands; and that their good father, King George, was the true friend of their nation. He also repeated, that the maize thief, Timothy Pickering, was a rogue and a liar." When the Governor and the Duke were on their way to Tuscarora. they met an American family on their way to Canada. On learn- ing their destination, the Governor said to them : - "Aye, aye, you are tired of the Federal government ; you like not any longer to have so many kings ; you wish again for your old father, come along and I will give you lands."
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