USA > Ohio > Cuyahoga County > Cleveland > A history of Cleveland, Ohio, Volume I > Part 44
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General staff-Governor Harmon: captain, Frederick M. Fanning, corps of engineers, Cleveland, aide de camp; first lieutenant, Otto Miller, Troop A, Cleve- land, aide de camp ; second lieutenant, Robert L. Queisser, Fifth infantry, Cleve- land, aide de camp ; major, Daniel C. Stearns, Cleveland, inspector general Second brigade.
Corps of Engineers : Field staff-major, John R. McQuigg, commanding battal- ion; captain, Stephen A. Stedrousky, adjutant; second lieutenant, Geo. G. Moore, quartermaster and commander. Captains: Wm. E. Price, Company A; Fred P. Troyan, Company B; Fred M. Fanning, Company C; Julius A. Stern, Company D; Alfred Jenkins, surgeon. First lieutenants: Roland D. Smith, Company A; Chas. Aulenbacher, Company B; Fred Van Denberg, Company C; John E. Murray, Company D. Second lieutenants : Frank A. Gos- son, Company A; Adam R. Wachs, Company B; Geo. A. Esterbrook, Company C; Homer J. Bradshaw, Company D; Organized 1898.
Battery A, field artillery. Enrolled, fifty-seven. Captain, Walter E. Eddy; first lieutenant, Ouida 'A. Kulish ; second lieutenant, Frederick T. Mudge; captain, Herbert L. Davis, surgeon. Organized in 1870; has been under command of the following : captain, Louis Smithnight, 1870 to 1886; captain, Fred A. Gay, 1886 to 1889; captain, Henry M. Clewell, 1889 to 1891 ; first lieutenant, Theo. F. McConnell, January, 1891 to September, 1891 ; captain, Geo. T. McConnell, 1891 to 1899; captain, Julius A. Blasis, 1899 to 1908; captain, Walter E. Eddy, 1908 to date.
Battalion Ninth Ohio infantry, field and staff ; major, John C. Fulton; com- manding battalion; first lieutenant, 'Augustus D. Eubanks, adjutant; captain, Wm. R. Green, Company D; second lieutenant, Harry E. Davis, Company D.
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Fifth Infantry, Ohio National Guard-field staff: colonel, Charles X. Zimmerman, commanding regiment; major, Charles W. Johnson; major, John S. Windisch; captain, Chas. W. Mathivet, adjutant; captain, Benona F. Dueron, quartermaster ; captain, John C. Semon, I. S. A. P .; first lieutenant, Wm. M. Bar- rett, battalion adjutant ; first lieutenant, Montague W. Montcastle, battalion adju- tant ; second lieutenant, Frank B. Hollenbach, battalion quartermaster commander ; second lieutenant, Robt. F. Mackenzie, Jr., battalion quartermaster commander ; second lieutenant, Robt. L. Queisser, battalion quartermaster commander ; cap- tains : Chas. B. Chisholm, Company C, fifty men; Franke E. Locke, Company F, fifty-five men ; Hubert J. Turney, Company I, sixty-four men; Arthur S. Houts, Company K, sixty-one men; first lieutenants : Lloyd F. Beecher, Company C; Frank F. Schweda, Company F; Chas. H. Milton, Company I; Jacob J. Metzger, Company K; second lieutenants : Robert R. Roedeger, Company C; H. E. Linn, Company F; Aretas E. Biddinger, Company I; Paul J. LaMarche, Company K; captain, John C. Darby, surgeon ; first lieutenant, Wm. C. Gill, assistant surgeon.
Naval Brigade, Second Battalion Station, United States Steamship "Hawk," Cleveland. Lieutenant commander, Frank R. Semon, commanding; lieutenant, Clifford B. Haskins, naval officer; lieutenant, Edward W. Briggs, executive offi- cer ; lieutenant sr., Hamilton F. Biggar, surgeon; ensign, Thos. B. Bolton, signal and assistant naval officer. First division ; lieutenant sr., Harry L. Andrus ; ensign, Frank G. Warner. Second division : lieutenant sr., Frank N. Sealand.
Troop A., Ohio National Guard ; organized October 10, 1877, as "First Cleve- land Troop," with these officers: captain, Wm. H. Harris; first lieutenant, Ed. S. Meyer ; second lieutenant, Geo. A. Garretson. Commanders since-captains, Geo. A. Garretson, Chas. C. Bolton, Jacob B. Perkins, Russell E. Burdick, Frank E. Bunts, Wm. M. Scofield. Present officers, captain, Wm. M. Scofield; first lieutenant, Otto Miller ; second lieutenant, Dudley J. Hard; surgeon captain, Fred- erick C. Herrick. Services rendered, provided officers, commissioned and non- commissioned, for three troops of cavalry in war with Spain; street car strike in 1899; suppressing nightriders in 1908, in Adams county, Ohio, fifteen days; has been the escort of every Ohio president : Rutherford B. Hayes, James A. Garfield, William McKinley, Wm. H. Taft; also escort of President Theodore Roosevelt, at President Mckinley's funeral, at Secretary Hay's funeral, and at dedication of the Mckinley monument at Canton.
The Cleveland Grays (1909)-captain, F. M. Hawley ; first lieutenant, F. H. Caunter ; second lieutenant, G. B. Scrambling; adjutant, A. P. Shupe, quarter- master, F. H. Roninger ; surgeon, Dr. M. J. Parke; chaplain, Dr. A. B. Meldrum ; inspecter R. P., C. H. Burgess ; and seventy-seven members, beside veterans and life honorary members.
Cleveland has military officers unassigned : Brigadier General, Geo. A. Garret- son, Spanish war; Brigadier General Clarence R. Edwards, general staff, Wash- ington ; Lieutenant Colonel, Webb C. Hayes ; Mayor, Felix Rosenberg, Cuba ; Cap- tain, Jas. M. Shallenberger, Philippines.
The Old Cleveland Light Artillery association, with General James Barnett, president, still (1909) meets each February 22d, at the Forest City House, is
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formally saluted by their very old friends "The Cleveland Grays" ofttimes ac- companied by other military (Troop A this year) and General Barnett returns this time-honored compliment.
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
1 CLEVELAND COMPANIES AND OFFICERS THAT SERVED IN THE SPANISH WAR. By Col. J. F. Herrick.
Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry-Majors, Chas. F. Cramer, Arthur K. A. Liebich ; adjutant, Fred B. Dodge; assistant surgeon, John S. Windisch; quar- termaster, B. F. DuPeron; battalion adjutants, E. W. Dissette, W. F. Herring- shaw; captain, Jos. C. Beardsley, Company B; first lieutenant, Harry L. An- drus, Company B; second lieutenant, Wm. J. Lawson, Company B; captain, Daniel H. Pond, Company C; first lieutenant, Burton O. Squirer, Company C; second lieutenant, Jas. E. Wertman, Company C; captain, Chas. X. Zimmerman, Company F; first lieutenant, Hiland B. Wright, Company F; second lieutenant, Daniel Fovargne, Company F; captain, Edwin G. Lane, Company I; first lieu- tenant, Edward W. Briggs, Company I; second lieutenant, Wm. J. Graham, Company I; captain, Edward A. Noll, Company K; first lieutenant, Wm. J. De- Witt, Company K; second lieutenant, Ralph A. Tingle, Company K; captain, Walter S. Bauder, Company L; first lieutenant, Claude E. Monck, Company L; second lieutenant, M. Wm. Montcastle, Company L.
NINTH BATTALION OHIO NATIONAL GUARD .- Company D: Captain, John C. Fulton ; first lieutenants, Wm. H. Brooks, Emmanuel D. Bass ; second lieutenant, Alfred A. Moore.
TENTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY .- Major, Otto M. Schade ; assistant sur- geon, Jas. J. Erwin ; quartermaster, H. W. Morganthaler. Company A : captain, John R. McQuigg; first lieutenants, Henry P. Shupe, Allan E. Goodhue; sec- ond lieutenants, H. W. Morganthaler, A. E. Goodhue, Chas. B. Rodermont. Company B : captain, Edward N. Ogram; first lieutenant, John H. Caunter ; sec- ond lieutenant, David A. Keister. Company C: captain, Henry Frazee; first lieu- tenant, Fred M. Fanning; second lieutenant, Perry E. Hathaway. Company I : captains, Clifford W. Fuller; Geo. H. Gibson; first lieutenants, Geo. H. Gibson, Norris J. Shupe; second lieutenants, Norris J. Shupe, Robert T. Molyneaux, Company K : captain, Edward D. Shurmer ; first lieutenants, Clifford W. Fuller, Ralph T. Hatch; second lieutenants, Ralph T. Hatch, Wm. G. Meade.
FIRST BATTALION OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY .- Battery A : captain, George T. McConnell ; first lieutenant, Julius A. Blasis ; second lieutenants, Walter E. Eddy, Arthur L. Schwartz.
FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER CAVALRY .- Major, Webb C. Hayes ; adjutant, Arthur C. Rogers; surgeon, Frank E. Bunts; adjutant, Paul Howland. Troop A : captains, Russell E. Burdick, Carlyle L. Burridge; first lieutenants, Carlyle L. Burridge, Henry E. Doty ; second lieutenants, Henry E. Doty, Harvey Mans-
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HISTORY OF CLEVELAND
field. Troop B : captain, Henry W. Corning ; first lieutenant, Frank W. Wood; second lieutenants, Sheldon Cary, Jos. H. Millar. Troop C: captain, Wm. M. Scofield; first lieutenant, Jas. M. Shallenberger ; second lieutenant, George W. Van Camp.
DIVISION VI. RELIGIONS AND BENEVOLENCES.
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From an old cut "Old Trinity" erected 1828-9. corner St. Clair and Seneca streets
Trinity Cathedral on Superior street just east of the Arcade. Built. 1855. Demolished, 1904.
The New Trinity Cathedral
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CHAPTER XXXIX.
PROTESTANT CHURCHES.
By Rev. Dan. F. Bradley, D. D., Pastor Pilgrim Congregational Church.
It is interesting to note that the first description of the site of the city at the mouth of the Cuyahoga river, was by Rev. John Heckewelder, a Moravian missionary, who with his comrade Zeisberger built a small village at where Tin- ker's creek joins the river. Heckewelder closed his description by saying that "Cujahoga will hereafter be a place of great importance." They gave to their village the name of Pilger-ruh, or Pilgrim's Rest. This was in 1786. But the Moravians not long after abandoned the place and moved farther west. On the 22d of July, 1796, Moses Cleaveland and his first company of Connecticut settlers founded the town. In 1797 the second company came under the super- intendency of Rev. Seth Hart. He held the first religious service in the place- a funeral, reading the service of the Episcopal church; and soon after he sol- emnized a marriage. Rev. Joseph Badger of Connecticut visited Cleveland in 1801 and in 1802 preached the first sermons heard in the settlement, and went away with a very unfavorable impression of the religious aspirations of the people. He visited Newburg, then a rival to Cleveland in respect of population and commercial importance and reported "No apparent piety. They seemed to glory in their infidelity." Dr. Thomas Robbins another missionary from New England found the people of Cleveland in 1803 "loose in principles and con- duct" and "few of them had heard a sermon or hymn in eighteen months." In 1812 at the hanging of O'Mic, the Indian, for murder, a number of clergymen were present and one of them preached the sermon.
"The first settlers in Cleveland were not religious men; though from New England, they were not Puritans. The motive that brought them was not that of their fathers, to found a Christian commonwealth, but was to improve their fortunes in this new Connecticut. The distillery flourished before a school- house or a church was built. But this bad primacy could not long continue. Providence, together with heredity, was too powerful a force. The seeds of religion were in the soil of those men's lives, though showing such small fruitage in those earliest days. As other immigrants came, mostly from New England, bringing wives and children, always hostages to goodness, what result could come to pass other than such homes, such social customs, such schools, churches, and government as they had left behind?
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"Growth was small and slow, but the type remained. The germinal period continued through the first one-half of the century, before greater activity and more vigorous development began to show the future city. In 1830, with less than eleven hundred population, there were only three churches. In 1835, the first Catholic, and in 1839 the first Jewish church was organized. In 1846, or at the mid-period of the century, twelve thousand population had eighteen churches, including two Jewish and two Roman Catholic. In 1855 this number had increased to thirty-two, of all creeds; in 1860, to forty-two; in 1870, to sixty-one; in 1880, to one hundred and sixty-four; and in 1895, to two hundred and fifty or three hundred, including missions and miscellaneous religious organ- izations, existing and in operation at the present time." I
The Cleveland directory for 1909 gives the following list of churches and missions : Baptist, thirty; Catholic, sixty-two; Christian, thirteen; Christian Science, three; Congregational, thirty; Dutch Reformed Church of America, two; Evangelical, seventeen; Evangelical Association, eight; Evangelical Luth- eran, twenty-eight; Free Baptist, two; Free Methodist, one; Friends, three; Greek Catholic, two; Hebrew, seventeen; Holland Christian Reformed, two; Methodist Episcopal, forty-four; National Catholic, two; New Jerusalem, two; Presbyterian, twenty-five; Protestant Episcopal, twenty-five; Reformed Church of United States, thirteen; Reformed Episcopal, one; Seventh Day Adventists, two; Spiritualists, four; The Salvation Army, eight; Unitarian, one; United Brethren of Christ, six; United Presbyterian, five; Universalist, one; Volun- teers of America, one; Wesleyan Methodist, one; miscellaneous, twenty-four; total, three hundred and eighty-five.
Of this number, three hundred and four churches are Protestant, with a property aggregating over ten millions of dollars and a membership of com- municants numbering ninety-six thousand nine hundred, or a Protestant popu- lation exceeding three hundred thousand.
EPISCOPALIANS.
Of this mighty development, Trinity Episcopal church is the first local church in order of the beginnings. The 9th day of November, 1816, the parish was organized in the house of Phineas Shepherd. At this time the Episcopal church was almost unknown west of the Allegheny mountains. There was no diocesan organization nor even missionary society connected with that church within the state of Ohio.
In the following spring, the Rev. Roger Searle, from Connecticut, visited the infant Trinity parish, and reported thirteen families and eleven communi- cants. For nine years thereafter Mr. Searle made the parish the object of his watchful care, visiting it almost every year, and to his pioneer work its per- manent foundation must, perhaps, be largely attributed.
In September, 1819, Bishop Philander Chase made the first episcopal visita- tion to Trinity parish, confirming ten persons and celebrating the Holy Com- munion.
1 From an address by J. G. W. Cowles, at the Centennial Celebration, 1896.
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From an old cut
St. Paul's church in 1856, corner Euclid avenue and Sheriff street. Torn down in 1874.
St. John's Church, corner Church avenue and West 26th St.
Grace church, corner Erie (East 9th) and Huron streets. Dedicated March 24. 1SIS. Sunday-school room in rear erected 1558. Building torn down, 1905.
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HISTORY OF CLEVELAND
Trinity parish had thus far been located in the village of Cleveland, but on Easter Monday, 1820, it was resolved to remove it to Brooklyn, giving an occa- sional service to Cleveland and Euclid. Mr. Searle, reporting this fact to the convention of that year, describes Trinity's numbers as small, but its members as respectable.
Up to this time the services had been held in the old log courthouse, in the academy and in the Mason's hall, but in 1825 the parish had increased suffi- ciently to warrant the project of erecting a church building for its worship, and it was finally determined, after some rivalry between the two villages, to place the new edifice in Cleveland instead of in Brooklyn, and to move the parish back to its former location.
The money was raised by the Rev. Silas C. Freeman, who now succeeded Mr. Searle in his work, and who obtained liberal donations from Boston and western New York. The new church was duly built on the corner of St. Clair and Seneca streets, and was the first house of worship in Cleveland. Its archi- tecture was a mixture of styles, predominantly colonial. On the belfry were four wooden pinnacles; each one of which bore a weather cock of sheet iron; but the iron birds refusing to turn, these were subsequently removed. The ex- terior of the church was painted white, relieved by green blinds. This building was consecrated by Bishop Chase in August, 1829.
The Rev. Richard Bury succeeded to the rectorship in August, 1839. Under his ministration the number of members increased to such a degree that the establishment of a second parish was warranted, and in 1845 Mr. Bury organ- ized Grace church in the parlor of his rectory.
The Rev. Lloyd Windsor followed in the fall of 1846, and remained seven years. Before the close of his rectorate it was determined to sell the old prop- erty and build a larger church farther uptown. The lot upon which the old church stood was sold, but before the building could be disposed of it took fire and was entirely consumed.
The subscription for the new church was started with the gift of one thou- sand dollars from "T. A. W.," and Mr. Windsor laid the corner stone of the present building, which was completed in the beginning of the ministry of the following rector, the Rev. James A. Bolles, D. D., who succeeded Mr. Wind- sor in January, 1854. The new Trinity church was consecrated on Ascension Day, May 17, 1855.
Dr. Bolles remained five years and a half, and probably no other rectorship in the long history of Trinity parish has left a deeper or more lasting impres- sion than his. The church home, founded in 1856, is one monument of his zeal and devotion.
He was followed by the Rev. Thomas A. Starkey, the present bishop of northern New Jersey, with the Rev. William C. Cooley as assistant minister. The brick chapel was erected south of the church by the generosity of Mr. and Mrs. Samuel L. Mather.
The Rev. John Wesley Brown assumed the rectorship of Trinity on Quin- quagesima, 1876. In 1878 occurred the fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of the parish, an event which was celebrated with appropriate ceremonies and festivities. In this administration, besides the Chapel of the Ascension, St.
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James' and St. Peter's were made definite missions of Trinity. Trinity, indeed, is the mother or grandmother of all the Episcopal churches in Cleveland, St. Paul's, Collamer, being her eldest daughter.
The Rev. Y. P. Morgan took the place of Mr. Brown on Ascension Day, 1882. During his rectorship the following events occurred : The Rev. Dr. Bolles was elected to the office of rector emeritus; a site for a new church was bought on Euclid avenue and Perry street; Trinity Church Home was removed to more commodious quarters; the vested choir of men and boys was introduced; a chapter of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew was organized, and the early cele- bration on all Sundays and the daily celebration during Holy Week were made permanent institutions. Early in 1890 Trinity church was offered to the new bishop of the diocese, the Rt. Rev. Wm. A. Leonard, D. D., as his cathedral, and the rector was instituted as dean, and Dr. Bolles as senior canon.
Of the twenty Episcopal parishes thus growing out of Trinity are St. John's parish, organized 1836; Grace Church parish, organized in 1845; St. Paul's parish, organized in 1846; St. James' parish, organized in 1857; St. Mary's parish, organized in 1868; Christ Church parish, organized in 1909; All Saints' parish, organized in 1871; Grace (South) parish, organized in 1869; Good Shepherd parish, organized in 1873; Emmanuel parish, organized in 1876; St. Luke's parish, organized in 1891; Holy Spirit parish, organized in 1895; St. Alban's parish, organized in 1901; Incarnation parish, organized in 1901; St. Andrew's mission, organized in 1891; St. Matthew's mission, organized in 1892; The Atonement mission, organized in 1896; The Redeemer mission, organized in 1909; St. Philip the Apostle mission, organized in 1894; St. Agnes mis- sion, organized in 1909.
These parishes have a total of six thousand communicants. They are or- ganized under the diocese of Ohio, Rt. Rev. Wm. Andrew Leonard, D. D., bishop. Bishop Leonard celebrated, in 1909, the twentieth anniversary of his consecration to the episcopate.
From 1893 to 1906 the Very Rev. Charles D. Williams served as dean and rector of the cathedral, when he was called to be bishop of Michigan. Very Rev. Frank DuMoulin succeeded him in 1897.
THE PRESBYTERIANS.
Next in order of arrival are the Congregationalists and Presbyterians, who under the "plan of union" cooperated to establish churches and missions through- out the Western Reserve. The oldest Congregational church in the limits of the city is the Archwood church in the Brooklyn district, organized in 1819 as a Presbyterian church, while the oldest Presbyterian church in the vicinity is that at the village of Euclid, organized by the Connecticut Congregational Missionary society, in 1807. Under this plan of union, churches organized in this district by Congregational missionary societies were united in a presbytery and were therefore counted as Presbyterians. Thus the Euclid Presbyterian church was a member of the Hartford Presbytery, and the Doan's Corners church, which for years occupied the corner of One Hundred and Fifth street and Euclid ave- nue, now the Euclid Avenue Congregational church, was Presbyterian until
Old Stone Church, 1890
Courtesy Rev. A. C. Ludlow The old Euclid or Collamer Presbyterian Church. Built in 1816, torn down in 1892 to make way for present building, Euclid avenue, near East Collamer street. This is the oldest Presbyterian church in the county.
S
Courtesy Rev. A. B. Meldrum The Old Stone Church, the Mother of Cleveland Presbyterianism. Stood where present church stands on Public Square. Dedicated February 26, 1834. From a drawing made by Rev. T. Y. Gardner from memory.
Courtesy Rev. A. C. Ludlow
Second Presbyterian Church on Su- perior street, nearly opposite city hall. Built, 1850-1. Destroyed by fire. October 9, 1876.
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1862. The present First Congregational church on Franklin avenue and the Plymouth church were organized as Presbyterian churches, while the Old Stone church, organized in 1820, for so many years the mother of Presbyterian churches, was composed chiefly of Congregationalists, and organized by Congre- gational ministers. These facts explain the liberal character of Cleveland Pres- byterians as deriving their forms of faith, as well as their leading laymen and clergymen from the Congregational centers of New England. At all events, the early history of these two great bodies of churches is inextricably interwoven. Quoting from the record of Hon. L. F. Mellen :
The First Presbyterian church, known as the "Old Stone Church," was the outgrowth of a union Sunday school, established in 1820, with Elisha Taylor as superintendent. The First Presbyterian society was incorporated in 1827. In 1828 they worshiped in a hall on Superior street, where now stands the Ameri- can House. It was rented for five years to be used on Sunday, but during the week was a dancing hall. In 1833 the Old Stone church on the square was opened. Rev. John Keep, of Oberlin, supplied the pulpit for some time. The first settled pastor was Rev. Samuel C. Aiken. He came to Cleveland in 1834 at a time when there was much discussion in the church-"throwing many un- stable men off their balance, skepticism, infidelity, mormonism and universalism, was engrossing many minds." Dr. Aiken held on to the old conservative way, with practical wisdom.
The Second Presbyterian church was an offshoot of the Old Stone church and was organized in 1844 with fifty-three members. The first meetings were held in a building where now stands the county jail. In 1851 a fine edifice was built on Superior street, where stands the Crocker block, and was burned down in 1876. The only Presbyterian church in Cleveland that did not spring from the Old Stone church was the Miles Park church, which was founded in 1832 in what was then Newburg.
Perhaps the most famous Presbyterian clergyman in northern Ohio is Dr. Hiram C. Haydn who began his work with the Old Stone church in 1872, and after eight years became secretary of a Congregational missionary society then returned to the pastorate of the historic church in 1884, and continued to serve it for more than two decades after that. Of those who were associated with him in the pastorate, no less than three were Congregationally ordained men.
It was under the leadership of Dr. Haydn and of the Old Stone church and its pastors that the Presbyterian union was formed for the extension of Pres- byterianism in Cleveland, as a result of which a number of churches have been organized, and helped to secure buildings and self-support. The union is in vigorous condition and has an important fund left by Mr. T. P. Beckwith to aid in the construction of buildings for young churches. In this union there have labored effectively Messrs. Dan P. Eels, S. L. Severance, J. L. Severance, S. P. Fenn, and many other of the strong business men of Cleveland.
The Presbyterian churches have a membership of seventy-five hundred com- municants and enroll some of the most influential elements in the city. They have ten thousand children enrolled in Sunday schools and gave for missions in the year 1909 over seventy-five thousand dollars.
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In 1906 the Italian work that had been started and carried on by the Con- gregationalists in "Little Italy" was transferred to the Presbyterians and with the help of the Beckwith fund a church was built and dedicated.
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