History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc. Vol. 1, Part 1

Author: Goodspeed Publishing Co
Publication date: 1886
Publisher: Nashville, Tenn., The Goodspeed Publishing Company
Number of Pages: 1290


USA > Tennessee > Williamson County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc. Vol. 1 > Part 1
USA > Tennessee > Maury County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc. Vol. 1 > Part 1
USA > Tennessee > Rutherford County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc. Vol. 1 > Part 1
USA > Tennessee > Wilson County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc. Vol. 1 > Part 1
USA > Tennessee > Bedford County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc. Vol. 1 > Part 1
USA > Tennessee > Marshall County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc. Vol. 1 > Part 1
USA > Tennessee > History of Tennessee from the earliest time to the present , together with an historical and a biographical sketch of from twenty-five to thirty counties of east Tennessee, besides a valuable fund of notes, original observations, reminiscences, etc., etc. V. 1 > Part 1


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Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70



¥c 976.8 163m


1620303


REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION


1


IT


ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01713 0060


GC


Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016


https://archive.org/details/historyoftenness01good_2


HISTORY


OF


TENNESSEE


voc. 1


FROM THE EARLIEST TIME TO THE PRESENT; TOGETHER WITH AN HISTORICAL AND A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF MAURY, WILLIAMSON, RUTHERFORD, WILSON, BEDFORD AND MARSHALL COUNTIES; BESIDES A VALUABLE FUND OF NOTES, REMINISCENCES, OBSERVATIONS, ETC., ETC.


ILLUSTRATED.


NASHVILLE : THE GOODSPEED PUBLISHING CC 1886.


1


1620303


The State History, only, has been


Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1886, by


THE GOODSPEED PUBLISHING COMPANY. In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C.


PREFACE.


T HIS volume has been prepared in response to the prevailing and popular demand for the preservation of local history and biography. The method of preparation followed is the most successful and the most satisfactory yet de- vised-the most successful in the enormous number of volumes circulated, and the most satisfactory in the general preservation of personal biography and family record conjointly with local history. The number of volumes now being distributed appears fabulous. Within the last four years not less than 20,000 volumes of this class of works have been distributed in Kentucky, and the demand is not half satisfied. Careful estimates place the number circulated in Ohio at 50,000; Pennsylvania. 60.000; New York. 75.000; Indiana. 35, - 000; Illinois, 40,000; Iowa, 35,000, and every other Northern State at the same proportionate rate. The Southern States, with the exception of Ken- tucky, Virginia and Georgia, owing mainly to the disorganization succeeding the civil war, yet retain, ready for the publisher, their stores of history and biography. Within the next five years the vast and valuable fund of perishing event in all the Southern States will be rescued from decay, and be recorded and preserved-to be reviewed. studied and compared by future generations. The design of the present extensive historical and biographical research is more to gather and preserve in attractive form while fresh with the evidences of truth, the enormous fund of perishing occurrence, than to abstract from insuffi- cient contemporaneous data remote, doubtful or incorrect conclusions. The true perspective of the landscape of life can only be seen from the distance that lends enchantment to the view. It is asserted that no person is competent to write a philosophical history of his own time-that, owing to conflicting cir- cumstantial evidence that yet conceals the truth, he can not take that luminous. correct, comprehensive, logical and unprejudiced view of passing events. that will enable him to draw accurate and enduring conclusions. The duty, then. of a historian of his own time is to collect. classify and preserve the material for the final historian of the future. The present historian deals in fact. the future historian, in conclusion; the work of the former is statistical, of the latter, philosophical.


To him who has not attempted the collection of historical data. the obsta- cles to be surmounted are unknown. Doubtful traditions, conflicting state- ments, imperfect records, inaccurate private correspondence, the bias or un- truthfulness of informers, and the general obscurity which envelopes all events, combine to bewilder and mislead. On the contrary, the preparation of statis-


iv


PREFACE.


tical history by experienced, unprejudiced and competent workers in special- ties; the accomplishment by a union of labor of a vast result that would cost one person the best years of his life and transfer the collection of perishing event beyond the hope of research; the judicious selection of important matter from the general rubbish; and the careful and intelligent revision of all final manuscript by an editor-in-chief, yield a degree of celerity, system, accuracy, comprehensiveness and value unattainable by any other method. The pub- lishers of this volume, fully aware of their inability to furnish a perfect his- tory, an accomplishment vouchsafed only to the dreamer or the theorist, make no pretension of having prepared a work devoid of blemish. They feel as- sured that all thoughtful people, at present and in future, will recognize and appreciate the importance of their undertaking and the great public benefit that has been accomplished.


In the preparation of this volume the publishers have met with nothing but courtesy and assistance. They acknowledge their indebtedness for valuable favors to the Governor, the State Librarian, the Secretary of the State Historical ' Society and to more than a hundred of other prominent citizens of Nashville, Memphis, Knoxville, Chattanooga, Jackson, Clarksville and the smaller cities of the State. It is the design of the publishers to compile and issue, in con- nection with the State history, a brief yet comprehensive historical account of every county in the State, copies of which will be placed in the State Library. In the prosecution of this work they hope to meet with the same cordial as- sistance extended to them during the compilation of this volume.


THE PUBLISHERS.


NASHVILLE, September, 1886.


CONTENTS.


HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.


CHAPTER I.


PAGE.


"Great Grant " and "Path Deed ".


Holston Treaty, The ... 93


Incidents and Anecdotes .. 74 Killing of the Caverts, The


Massacre of Fort London ..


Massacres upon the Cumberland.


Nickajack Expedition, The.


Point Pleasant. Battle of ..


"Pocahontas of the West." The.


Rutherford's Campaign.


Shawanees, The ..


Shelby's Campaign against the Lower Towns. Sevier's Destructive Campaigns


Spanish Infinence.


Traditions of a Former Race. 53 Tennessee Soil, First Cession of.


Treaty of Hopewell, The ..


CHAPTER IV.


SETTLEMENT OF TENNESSEE 108


Brown's Settlement 124


Chisca, The Indian Village


Charleville's Trading Station


Carter's Valley, Settlement of ..


Daniel Boone ...


Donelsou's Journal. 184


Expedition of De Soto.


French and English Designs


Fort Assumption


Findley's Excursion ... 117


French Lick, First Appearance of. 123


Fort Loudon, Construction of.


Henderson's Treaty ..


Hnoting Parties, Sundry ..


" Long Hunters," The


LA Salle and Marquette. 131


Results of the Treaty of 1.63 ..


Regulators and the Scovilites, The ...


Stations on the Cumberland, The.


Snottswood's Expedition:


Traders, The French 115


Wood's Tour of Discovery.


Walker's Expedition ..... 115


Watauga Settlement, The 121 Washington District, Watauga Settlement. 125


Washington County, N. C. 120


CHAPTER V.


SETTLEMENT CONCLUDED .. 135


Affairs on the Cumberland 141


Brown's Disastrous Voyage .. 1.14,


Continental Land Warrants 139


( iinch-Cumberland Road, The. 142. 113


Catalogue of Land Grants 17.1


Chickasaw Bluit's. The ...


Land Companies, The ... 147 10 150


Military Reservations, The. 140


Perils ou the ''umberland


Provisions. How Obtained, Etc.


Settlers of West Tennessee ... 15110 1033


Territorial Government, The.


Transylvania .... 1.


West Tennessee. Settlement of


Western Purchase, The


CHAPTER VI.


ORGANIZATION


Cumberland Compret. The ..


European Charters, The .... 154 10 10.


Fastein Poundary, The


Government of the Notables. The.


Northern Boundary Question, The. ١٢٠ to ١٠٦ State of Franklin. The ....


Southern Boundary question, The Ti to In?


French Trading Stations ..


PAGE ..


GEOLOGY OF TENNESSEE


13


Area and Boundary of the State. 13


Ages, The Geologic ..... 15


Canadian Period, The


17


Coals, The ...


27


Carboniferous Age. The ..


Crab Orchard Section. The


31


Cretaceous Period, The ..


22


Cross Mountain Section, The.


33


Champlain Period. The ... 23


Coal of Raccoon District ...


30


Divisions, The Eight Natural.


15 34


Elevations, The Principal ...


40


Fossils, The Characteristic ... 36


Glacial Period, The 23


Hamilton Age, The 21 Iron Ore, The .. 31 Lower Helderberg Period, The .. 21 29


Lignitic Period, The ....


Marble Beds, The ..


Metals, The Principal. 37


Niagara Period, The


Primordial Period, The ....


10 23


Subcarboniferous Period, The ..


Soils, The Various


23


Temperature of the State, The 39


trenton i'eriod, The ...


Thirteen Tennessee Periods, The. 10


Western Iron Region, The. 35


CHAPTER II.


THE MoUND-BUILDERS 4


Age of the Mounds 56


Arguments of Judge Hay wood. 45


Classification of Earthworks 50


Contents of the Mounds, The .. 53


Carthage Cave, 'The. 5-1


Evidences of Prehistoric Occupation.


Fortifications, Etc .....


51


Location of the Earthworks 49


Mounds of Tennessee, The .... 51 to 57


Natchez, The.


48


Opinion of Bancroft, The.


12


Peruvians, The. 45


" Stone Fort." The Old. 55 47


Sun Worshipers, The ..


Tribal Resemblances.


View of Hildreth. 41


CHAPTER III.


THE INDIAN TRIBES .. 57


Avery Treaty, The ..


Battle of Chickasaw Old Field 69 Greene's Reservation .. 155


Beloved Town, The. ... 63


Battle of Long Island Flats. 73


Battle of Boyd Creek SO Nashborough


Boundary Established, A New


Battle of French Lick 59


Christian's Expediton


( bickamaugas, The ....


79


Chickasaw Treaty of 1786, The ..


Cold water Expedition, The ....


20


Cession Treaties, Numerous .95 to 108


Cherokees, The. 57


Campaign of Williamson ...... 75


Chickasaws, The.


Destruction of indian Towns


Expeditions of Serier .. .. S6,


Encounter of U'atoola and Hubbard


Expeditions of Rains ..... 91


English Supremacy and Intrigue ..


Expedition of Col. Grant ....


Earliest Indian Occupation 57


.. Watauga Association, The.


345


Recent Period, The


Eastern Iron Region, The ....


¥1


CONTENTS.


CHAPTER VII.


PAGE.


ORGANIZATION CONCLUDED 199


Administration ot Gov. Blount .. 200


Acts of the Convention of 1796 213 Acceptance of the Tennessee Cession 202


- Census of Tennessee, The First ... ¥11


Constitutional Provisions .... 224 to


928


Constitutional Convention of 1831, The


Cession Act of North Carolina, The. 199


Constitutional Convention of 1796, The 212


Cession Deed, The. 202


Constitutional Convention of 1870, The .... 297


General Assembly of the state, The First .. 219


Legislature of the Territory, The ........... 207 to 210 Pioneer Legislation 221


State Governor, The First 220


State Constitution. The First ... .... 214 10 218


Tennessee Admitted to the Union. 21S


Territorial Government Established, The 203


Territorial Officers, The 203


CHAPTER VIII.


GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT .. 229


Agricultural Methods, The Early 229


Census Reports, The. 552


Corn Crop, The ... 233


Cotton Gin, The Purchase of. 20


Cotton Culture 239


Fertilizers, The Use of .. 245


Farmers of Middle Tennessee. The. 232


Farmers of East Tennessee, The ... 230


Hay and the Grasses 212


Hemp, Flax, Sorghum, Etc.


Live Stock 215


Maple Sugar. 245


" Money Crops," The. 236


Methods of Agriculture Compared.


Poultry, Butter, Cheese Honey, Etc 249


Peanuts, The Growth of. 911


Potatoes, Sweet and Irish 935


Rye, Barley, Oats, Buck wheat, Etc ... 235


Tobacco Crop. The


Wheat Crop, The. 234


CHAPTER IX.


GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT CONCLUDED .. 253


Bureau of Agriculture, Ite ..


Coal Productions, The .. .265 to 207


Copper Ore, The Mining of. 270


Cotton Seed Oil .... 273


Cotton Goods. The Manufacture of. 273


Flour-Milling Industry, The .. 2,1


Gunpowder ..


275


Iron Industries, The. 260 to 264


Industrial Development .. 272


Leather, Boots and Shoes, Etc. 270


Lamber Productions and Traffic, The. 259


Marble Quarries, The ... 26; to 270


Paper, The Production of. 275


Timber of the state, The ... 253 to 259 Whisky Products, The Enormous .. .977, 278.


Woolen Goods, The Manufacture of .. 271


CHAPTER X.


STATE INSTITUTIONS .. 250


Ancient Order of United Workmen 320 Bureau of Agriculture, Mites, Etc. 308


Fast Tennessee Invane Assoluto. 293 Grand Anay of the Republic.


Institutions for the Hhud


Iosane Hospital at. Nashville, The 90! Jackson's Equestrian Statue 224 Halghts of Honor, Giraud Lodge 315


Knightsof Pythias, Grand Lodge


318


Knights and Ladies of Honor .. 316 Legion of Honor, Grand Council. 329


Masonic Grand Lodge, The. 349


(Ba Fellows Grand Lodge, The. 311


Royal Arcania, Grand Council 321


State Capitol Located, The 280


Rate Library, The ..


State House, Construction of the .. .....


State Penitentiary. The ...... 25.1 State Historical Society. The.


State Medical Society, The .. 302


State Board of Health, The ... 345


Tennessee Deaf and Dumb School, The .. 287 Tennessee Agricultural and Horticultural Society. 307


West Tennessee Insane Asylum. 294


CHAPTER XI.


STATE INSTITUTIONS CONCLUDED. 323


Counties, The Formation of 361, 362


Commercial Highways. 335 Funding of the Debt, The 328 to 350


Gubernatorial Election Heturus .. 256 Internal Improvement Systems, The 337 Presidential Election Returns. 355, 359


Population of the State, Aggregate. 201 Receipts and Expenditures, The Early ..


Railroads, The Sale of. .... 330


Receipts and Expenses, Catalogue of.


Repudiation, The Question of. 320


Railway Enterprises. .34010 348


Railway Commission. The. 348


State Indebtedness. The First 326


Steam-boat Navigation. 348


State Bonds, Total Issue of. 357


State Officers, Catalogue of ... 350 to 356


State Banks, The .. 331 to 335


State Debt Proper, The .. 327 to 329


CHAPTER XI.


BENCH AND BAR OF TENNESSEE. 363


Courts of the Watauga Settlement ... 363


Courts on the Cumberland 867


Circuit Courts, The .. 370


Colots of the Constintion of 170G.


Courts of the Constitution of 1>51 375


Courts of the Constitution of isto .. 378


Impeachment, Cases of .... 379


Profesional Character of Dist nguished Members of the Bench and Bar of Tea- ne see. 3.2 to 412


Territorial Courts. The .....


United States Conris, The.


Washington and sullivan County Courts. 361


CHAPTER XIIL


EDUCATIONAL HISTORY 413,


Colleges Chartered.


Cointy Academies. The ..


Constitutional Educational Provisions


Common School Convention, The. 428


Colored Education. 431


Common Schools, The


Cumberland College


Endowment Funds, The 315


Educational Systems Compared.


East Tennessee Colleze.


Educational Tax, The First


Educational Statistics


Graded Schools, The 4:0


Gigantic Problem of 1565, The ... 4.31


Provincial schocks. The. 413


Public Schools Established ..


Peabody Fund, The


State Colleges Founded.


School Lands, Disposal of the


Superintendents of Public Instruction.


School Offeers, Duties of.


State Normal School, The


Special school Fmmais ....


state Board of Elu ation. -117


School Funds, Creation of the.


Schools in Tennessee, The First ..


Tennessee Industriel college.


West. Tennessee College.


CHAPTER XIV.


THE FANTOLY WARS


British. Battles with the .. 1:1


Charleston. The Capture of


( reeks. The War with the ..


Entschapen. Handle of.


Backron's First Battle


Jackson, Activity of.


King'S Mountain, Battle of.


Mexican War, The.


PAGE.


Treasury of the State, The 32-1 Fruit Crops. The .. 3, 251 ·):


1


-


CONTENTS


vii .


PAGE.


New Orleans, The Movement upon. 167


New Orleans, Jackson's Victory at .. 468


Seminole War, The. 439


Tories of East Tennessee, The. 451


Talladega, Battle of. 463


Tohopeka, Battle of ... 465


Texas-Mexican War, The 472


Tennessee Troops Sent to Mexico ........ .474 to 476


War of IS12, The .. 461


Wahoo Swamp, Battle of 472


CHAPTER XV.


FEDERAL MILITARY HISTORY 477


Burnside's Occupation of East Tennessee .. 490


Bridge Burners Ordered Hanged. 4.8


Campbell's Station. Battle of .... 491


Confederate Movements. 486


Fishing Creek, Battle of. 4SS


Federal Troops Furnished, Total.


497


General Movements. 489


Greenville Union Convention, The. 481


Issue Joined, The. 43


Knoxville Union Convention, The ..


479


Knoxville, Siege of.


492


Longstreet es. Burnside 491


Loyalty of East Tennessee 477


495


Regimental Sketches ..... 497 to 5 2


Skirmishes, The Concluding .. 198


Union Leaders, The ..... 478


Union Regiments Organized. 48-1


CHAPTER XVI.


CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY 513


Army Bill, The ... 529


Aris, Condition and Quantity 515


Amt Societies. 539


Advance to Columbus, The. 513


Army Rolls ... .395 to 617


Belmont, Battle of. 545


Call to Arms, The ..


518


Confederate Government. The .. 535


Chickamauga, Battle of.


656


Confederate Mine, Danger to the.


5-47


Confederate Forces, Aggregate .... 546


Defensive Measures, Extent of ... .536 to 539


Election Returns of June 8 ...


532 to 534


Evacuation of Middle Tennessee. 550


February Convention, The. 514


Fishing Creck, Battle of. 517


Fort Henry, Fall of. 548


Franklin, Battle of ... 560


Fort Donelson. Fall of. 518


Georgia Campaign, The ... 559


Legislature Convened, The. 515


Militia, Reorganization of the ... 515


Military League. The ...


528 540


Memphis, Surrender of


553


Military Appointments.


530


Murfreesboro. Battle of ..


555


Missionary Ridge, Battle of ..


557


Neutrality Question, The ..


314


Nashville, Federal Occupation of ..


549


Nashville, Battle of 500


Ordinance of Secession, The ...


520 541


Ordnance, The Manufacture of.


Perryville, Battle of ... 554


Fosition of the General Assembly 516 Reserve Corps, The ..... 549


Rock Castle Hills, Battleof .. 5-14


Regimental Sketches .. 695 State Sovereignty and Secession .. 515


Shiloh, Battle of. 500 Secession Overwhelmingly Favored .. 51: Pennessce Admitted to the Confederacy 635 Forrest. Gen. N. P.


Troops, Call for and Refusal to Fornish. 517


CHAPTER XVU


TENNESSEE LITERATURE.


Brownlow


Bright 828


Brunner


Baskerville C25 Baldwin .. 625 Brown


Chattanooga Press, The.


Crockett 623


Carr 6:25


Cross .. 629


Fitzgerald


French.


Geological Authors. 623


Guild 624


Graves (Joseph C.). 024


Graves (Adelia.C.).


Gilchrist. 629


Harrison 624


613


Journalismi.


Ketchum


Knoxville Press, The. 629


Jaw. 628


Lindsley (Phillip)


Lindsley (J. Berrien). 624 010


Legal Authors


626


Murfree ..


626


Memphis Press, The


63;


MeAdoo.


McAnally


621 621


Martin ..


622


MeTveire .. 6:22


Medical Authors 622


Maury


Nelson 27 Nashville Press, The. 623 632 619


Putnam.


Pearson


Ramsey CIS 621


Redford


Ryan . 622


Rivers 622


Summers.


Tannehill 625


CHAPTER XVIII.


RELIGIOUS HISTORY ...


Arminianism. The Creed of .. 6.19


Buildings Frected, The first.


Baptist Church, 'The ..... 687 Church and State. Union of. 6-10


Camp-Meeting, The first ... 650


Creeds, Formation of the ... CSS Cumberland Presbyterian Church, The €59


Christian Church, The. 500


Catholic Church, The.


Colored Churches, The.


Episcopal Church, The


Irreligion Punished ..


Jerks, The ... 651 to $55 Jerks, The Cause of the. .655 to 6'7


Jewish Church, The ..


Lutheran Church. The ..


Methodist Church, The ..


Methodist Church South 676


Methodist Statistics ... 676 to


Methodist Book Concern, The .. 679 Preaching in Tennessee, The first. € 45


Presbyterian Church, The .. 6-0


Revival, The Great ... 619 to 651


Religious Intolerance 633 Separation of Church and State .. 016


Slavery Divides the Church


University of the South, The.


CHAPTER XIX.


BIOGRAPHICAL CHAPTER.


Blount. Gor. William ...


Bell, Hon. John.


Brown ow, Gor. William G.


Carroll, Gov. Williams


Crockett, Col. David


Grundy, Hon. Felix


Haywood, Judge John.


Houston, troy Sam.


Jackson, President Andrew.


720


Johnson, President Audrew


Pol':, President Jatues K


Robertson. Gen. JaDr ......


Sevier, Gov. John .....


White, Hoa. Hugh L


.. Zollicotter, Gen. Felix K.


PAGE.


Haywood


MeFerrin.


Morgan, The Killing of ..


Burnside in Fast Tennessee ..


Militia Transferred to the Confederacy


-----


Johnson, Hon. Cave. 737


vijf


CONTENTS.


MAURY COUNTY.


PAGE.


MAURY COUNTY 749


Boundary, etc ...


751


Court Houses, The First. 752


County Seat Located .. 766


Chartered, Various Companies


Churches.


Courts. The First ..


Early Settlers


749


Incorporation ...


768


Lawyers, List of ..


764


Newspapers ..


773


Senators and Representatives


759


Schools.


77S


Turnpikes, etc .. 753


Trials of Causes 760


784 War Record


WILLIAMSON COUNTY.


WILLIAMSON COUNTY. 787


Business of Franklin 802 to S01


Courts. The. 793


Educational Institutions. 805


Franklin ...


801


Geology. Drainage, etc ... 787


Members of General Assembly 791


Press, The,


Organization of the County 789


Paupers, The. 790


Religious Institutions. 806


Settientent, etc .. 758


Turnpikes, etc ...


799


War Record ,797 to 801


RUTHERFORD COUNTY.


THERFORD COUNTY 815


Agricultural Society, The. 818


County Organized 813


Courts, The $19 to $23


Churches 837


County Officers $18


County seat. S14


Drainage. Geology, etc 810


Industries, The Early 812 Chickamauga ..


Murfreesboro .. 326


Medical Society, The. 817


Public Buildings.


815


Press. The.


$31


Hallronds, Turnpikes, etc 16


Neerst societies 832


Settlement 811


School ..


835


Wara, The.


.$23 to 820


WILSON COUNTY.


WILSON COUNTY ... 310


Buildings ..


County Organized, The. 811 Courts, The. 646 to 850 Ducation 858 1


Geology ....... 840


Land Entries


853 to 855 Military Record. 850 to 852


Mining Interests. 543


853


Others 850


Religion . 860 settlement 841, 842


Villages, The smaller. 856, 857


BEDFORD COUNTY.


BEproRM COUNTY 861 County, Formation of the 864


Counts, The Various .557 10 :71 · Larcher


Highways.


Land Grants


Mills, Distilleries, Cotton Gins, etc ..


Military Matters ¿7i to 8.3 Newspapers ..


Other Towns ..


Public Buildings. 805, Sar


Surface Features


782 Statistics, Population, etc


Shelbyville .. 53


Schools.


MARSHALL COUNTY.


MARSHALL COUNTY


County Seat ...


Courts, The ..


Churches 000


County Officers.


Lewisburg. $96 to


Mounds, etc , The.


Natural Features


Schools


Societies


Statistics ..


SaS


Settlement


Villages. The Smalier


693, 890


War Record 593, 93C


BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX.


Bedford County 1128


Maury County


Marshall County 115++ --


Rutherford County Williamson County


Wilson County .. 1077


PORTRAITS MAPS AND VIEWS


Aboriginal Map ... .Frontispiece


Alexander, B. 1' between 1020. 1021


Blind Asyhin. 124 125


Bell, John -,


Blount, Williame. 41


Brownlow, W. G.


Chapel, University of the South


Crockett David.


137


Dorelson


Deaf and Durob Asylum


..


589


Grandy, Felix


Hodgson, Rev. Telfai. ...


652


1 .: 1


Insane Asybin, East Tena ..


Jackson's Statue.


Jackson, Andrew


Johnson, Audrew.


=


Johnson, Care


Murfreesboro ....


Missionary Ridge.


Nashville ..


Normal School


Partlow, T. . A.


Polk. James K .. 396.


Roberton. James.


Robison, W. D. 823.


Shiloh ...


Brate Capital.


.: .


Sevier, John.


3 20,


221


Sharks. J. W


Stockard, G. W


Thompson Hall, University of tho South ...


..


Tennessee University


University of the South 2


View on Livery River 14,


View on Falls creek


189


410.


Franklin


Fussell, J. H. ESS.


765


Insane Asylum, West Tenn.


PAGE.


759


HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.


CHAPTER I .*


GEOLOGY OF THE STATE-BOUNDARY AND AREA-DRAINAGE AND MEAN ELEVA- TION-GENERAL TOPOGRAPHICAL FEATURES-NATURAL GEOLOGICAL DIVIS- IONS -- CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF STRATA-TENNESSEE GEOLOGICAL PERIODS-LOCAL DETAILS-VARIETIES OF SOIL-THE COAL INTERESTS -- LOCAL STRATIFICATION -- ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF COALS-IRON DE- POSITS AND VARIETIES-PALEONTOLOGY-COPPER AND GALENITE-OTHER METALS-THE MARBLE BEDS -- HYGROMETRY AND TEMPERATURE-PRINCI- PAL ELEVATIONS OF THE STATE.


THE southern boundary of the State of Tennessee coincides mainly 1 with the thirty-fifth parallel of north latitude, while the northern boundary is a broken line lying between the parallels thirty-six degrees and twenty-nine minutes and thirty-six degrees and forty-one minutes north latitude. The mean breadth is slightly more than 109 miles, and the mean length about 385 miles, the general outline forming a long trapezoid. The State comprises an area of about 42.000 square miles. The general elevation above the sea, excepting the leading highest and lowest localities, is about 900 feet. The entire surface of the State, ex- cepting a small tract on the southeast, the waters of which find their way into Georgia, is drained by the tributaries of the Ohio and Missis- sippi Rivers, the most important being Tennessee, Cumberland, Forked Deer, Obion and Hatchie.


On the eastern boundary of the State, with numerous outliers and projections, are the Appalachian Mountains.{ consisting of high ranges more or less parallel, with isolated peaks and domes, all interspersed with numerous ravines, creeks and coves, and the entire region presenting the most picturesque and romantic scenery of the State. Westward of this mountainous system to just beyond the Tennessee River spreads a broad valley with most distinguishing features. The general surface is uniform, but is cut up with numerous long, high ridges extending northeast and southwest, surmounted with occasional mountainous elevations, and


*Adapted to this volume from the report of the State Geologist.


+Named by the Spaniards under De Suto, who derived the term from the Indians .- Am. Cyc.


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HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.


broken here and there by gaps, or is dotted with innumerable knobs. often mountainous. all of which are encircled with valleys, linear or cury -. ing. to correspond with the elevation. The general surface, excluding the extremes, is about 900 feet above the level of the sea. The entire valley with all its coves and extensions has an area of about 9,200 square miles. Westward of this valley lies the Cumberland Table-land, the eastern boundary of which is high and almost unbroken from Kentucky to Alabama, while the western boundary is very irregular, with less elevation and with numerous valley and stream indentations. Though the table-land contains many streams and small valleys, it is, in the main, of uniform surface, but broken with mountainous ridges and knobs, par- ticularly in the northeastern portion. The mean elevation is about 2.000 feet, and the extent is about 5,100 square miles. West of the table-land is the Central Basin, having the general outline of an ellipse, with a length (nearly north and south ) of about 121 miles, and a width of. from fifty-five to sixty miles. It comprises about 5.451 square miles, and has a mean elevation of from 500 to 600 feet. The surface is knobby or billowy, with numerous large and very fertile tracts. Outside of the basin, entirely encircling it, is the Highland Rim, an extremely hilly portion of the State. It is over 1,000 feet above the sea. The hills on each side of the western valley of the Tennessee are from 800 to 1.000 feet above the sea, while the elevation of the valley at Hamburgh is only 392 feet. The Mississippi slope of West Tennessee, though in the main level, is veined with peculiar stream valleys, is about eighty-four miles wide, stretches north and south across the State and terminates abruptly on the west with the bluff deposits which skirt the valley of the Mississippi. The bluffs reach the river at Memphis, at the lower part of Tipton County, at Randolph and at Fulton. The mean elevation is abont 450 feet, and the extent about 8, 850 square miles. The Missis- sippi Valley is low, swampy and level. Reelfoot Lake, lying in this valley, was formed during the volcanic convulsions of 1811-12, when Reelfoot Creek, which then emptied into the Mississippi, was dammed up and its water spread out over a tract of country from three-fourths to three miles wide and eighteen miles long, forming the present lake, which finally forced an outlet through Obion River. The elevation of the valley is about 215 feet at Memphis and 295 feet on the northern boundary of the State.




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