USA > Vermont > Vermont in quandary, 1763-1825 > Part 29
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Loyalist Blockhouse, 127; activities at, 128-129.
Loyalists, and a Vermont-Quebec trade, 143; treatment of in Lower Canada, 196-197; reasons for in Vermont, 69-72; lose property in Vermont, 74-75; attitude towards Haldimand Negotiations, 99; in Vermont, 127; problem of return to Vermont, 131-133; receive land- grants in Vermont, 133-134; re- ception in Vermont after 1783, 134; compensation of by British, 136; seek restoration of Vermont property, 136; opposition to, 167. Lumber trade, in Connecticut Val- ley, 1; description of timber avail- able in Vermont, 30; pre-revolu- tionary in Champlain Valley; Ver- mont-Lower Canada trade, source of supply, 243; and timber con- tractors, 244; mechanics of trade, 244-245; and smugglers, 244; Em- bargo, Non-Intercourse, 266-268; War of 1812, 271-274.
Lyon, Matthew, 207.
McBeath, George, Collector at St. Johns, 247-248, 250.
McGill, James, 269.
Mckay, Francis, Surveyor of Woods, 31-32.
McLane, David, and French-Ver- monter conspiracy, 232.
Manorial system of landowning in New York, 8.
Marsh, William, loyalist, 70; and policies of Haldimand, 131; treat- ment by Vermonters, 133; de- scribes attitude of Vermonters to- wards peace treaty, 135.
Mayo & Follett, commercial connec- tions of, 284-285.
Mercantilism, British, 3; French, 3. Merritt, William H., 28S.
Methodism, Vermont, and the Can- adas, 257.
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INDEX
Montgomery, General Richard, 54.
Montreal, fur trade of, 3; capitula- tion of to British, 5.
Montreal-Boston turnpike, 251.
Murray, Governor James, appoints a Surveyor of Woods, 31.
Navigation Acts, 139; relation to in- land colonies, 143; relation to canal projects, 152; repeal of, 288. Nepean, Evan, 161.
Neutrality Pact, Vermont-Lower Can- ada, of 1794, 212.
New Hampshire, attitude towards the Grants before 1777, 48; sec- tionalism in, 48-49; constitution of, 79-80; separatist movement in, 80-81.
New Hampshire Grants, settlement of, 6; population of, 18th century, 14; counties and county courts of under New York, 16; representa- tion in New York Assembly, 17, 18; and religious ferment, 20; timber resources of, 30; sectionalism in, 112.
New York, Royal Province of, and Royal Charter of 1664, 9; and Royal Charter of 1674, confirma- tory, 9; and suffrage, 16.
New York, State of, Provincial Con- gress of, 47; Ethan Allen and Pro- vincial Congress of, 52; Assembly of and land title dispute in Ver- mont, 176-177.
Nootka Sound Crisis, 157 et seq.
North, Lord, 121, 196.
Northern Inland Lock Navigation Company, 192-194.
Odelltown, smuggling at, 247.
Onion River Land Company, descrip- tion of, 29-30. See also Allen brothers.
Oswald, Richard, 125. Oswego Canal, 287.
Paine & Morris vs. Smead, 191.
Paine, Thomas, and Ira Allen, 239. Paris Peace Conference, 1763, 5.
Paris Peace Conference, 1783, 124- 125.
Peters, John, 71-72."
Peters, Samuel, loses lands in Ver- mont as loyalist, 75; and Swiss Policy, 157; attack on William Smith, 184; and separatist project, 1794, 211; election as Bishop of Vermont, 216; British refusal to consecrate as Bishop, 217; attitude of John Jay towards, 217; and Vermonter-French conspiracy, 233- 234; latter years of, 240. Phelps, Charles, 20, 21.
Phelps, Oliver, and Eastern Town- ships lands, 220.
Pickering, Timothy, and Ira Allen, 237.
Plattsburg, Battle of, 275.
Postal Service, Canada-Vermont, 32.
Potash and pearl ashes, 245-246.
Pratt, Julius W., thesis of with re- gard to causes of War of 1812, 260. Prescott, Governor of Lower Can- ada, 231, 232.
Prevost, General, 273.
Privy Council Decision of 1764, 10; colonial reaction to, 11.
Privy Council Decision of 1767, 13. "Proposals from Vermont," 212; and the British, 213.
Proprietors' Meetings, 7, 8.
Quebec, capitulation of to British, 5. Quebec Act of 1774, analysis of, 42- 43.
Quit-rent system, in New Hamp- shire Grants, 18; in New York, 18: in New Hampshire, 18.
Richelieu River, early efforts to in- crease navigability of, 30; difficul-
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INDEX
ties of navigating, 149-150; canal projects for, 150-151.
Riedesel, Baron de, ordered to ad- vance against Vermont, 120.
Roads, Canada-Vermont, 32-33.
Robinson, Moses, as a judge, 84; elected Governor of Vermont, 179. Robinson, Samuel, represents Yankee speculators in England, 12.
Rodgers, John, reason for opposing independence of Vermont, 67; role in formation of West Union, 101. Royal Proclamation of 1763, 5,-43. Rush-Bagot Agreement, 278-279. St. Johns, 147, 244, 273.
St. Lawrence Canals, 288.
Schuyler, Philip, commands troops in Champlain Valley, 52; and Cham- plain Canal project, 192-193.
Sedition Act of 1798, 207. Separatist project, 1794, 210-211.
Shays' Rebellion, 171.
Shaysites and Canadian lands, 204. Sheffield, Lord, 139.
Shelburne, Lord William, Secretary of State for the colonies, 12-13, 22; as Prime Minister, 121; in- structions to Haldimand, 122; as peace negotiator, 125; free trade ideas of, 140.
Sherwood, Justus, as a loyalist, 70; role in Haldimand Negotiations, 97 et seq .; confers with Ira Allen at Ile aux Noix, 103; alarmed by smuggling, 128; warns Levi, 149. Ship-building, 250.
Ship canal project, 150-152.
Simcoe, John Graves, accusations against William Smith, 114; and "grand plan." 157; analysis of Ver- mont sectionalism, 183; Lt. Gov- ernor of Upper Canada, 201: and separatist project. 211; ordered to advance to Manmce River, 206;
and western posts crisis, 206; atti- tude toward Ira Allen's French negotiations, 236.
Skene, Philip, settlement in Cham- plain Valley, 24-25; seized as loyal- ist, 39; quoted, 146; and "grand plan," 157.
Skenesborough, settlement of, 25.
Sleeper, Samuel, petitions Canadian Government for road-building aid, 33.
Smith, Adam, 139.
Smith, William, landholdings in New Hampshire Grants, 12; attitude towards Privy Council decisions, 13; advises use of force against New Hampshire Grantees, 37; op- poses proposals to compromise land title dispute, 38; losses of Vermont lands, 75; suggests Vermonters miglit be detached from revolution, 90; declares himself a loyalist, 92; wishes to save lands during Haldi- mand Negotiations, 92-94; insists Haldimand has no power to settle land title disputes, 107; prepares plan to save lands in Vermont under New York title, 108; and "betrayal" of Haldimand Negotia- tions, 114; fears French attack on Quebec, 118; warns that Parlia- ment has not acted on Vermont, 118; proposes encouragement of backcountry separatism, 122; favors Canadian trade with Vermont, 128; status of lands in Vermont after Revolution, 136; accused of hostil- ity to Verinont, 184; goes to Que- bec as advisor of Dorchester. 184, Canadian land policies of, 198-200; and backcountry New England, 204; reversal of Lower Canadian land policies of, 218; death of, 218.
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INDEX
Smith, Reverend John, speculation in Lower Canadian lands, 220.
Smuggling, under Embargo and Non- Intercourse Acts, 266-268; and Jef- ferson, 266; during War of 1812, 268-274; after War of 1812, 278. Smyth, George, and Haldimand Ne- gotiations, 97 et seq.
Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, and land-title dispute, 13; lands of not confiscated in Ver- mont, 161.
Southwest, one of three major sec- tions of Vermont, 1; drainage sys- tem of, 1; settlement of, 2.
Spaulding, Leonard, 20; jailed for opposition to Quebec Act, 43-44; role in Grants politics, 57-58; at- tends second Westminster Conven- tion, 60.
Speculator-proprietors, opposition to New York, 8.
Speculator-proprietorships, 7.
Stevens, Samuel. return to Vermont, 133.
Swiss Policy of Vermont, 156 et seq. Tichenor, Isaac, sketch of, 110; and dissolution of Second East Union, 113; as envoy to Continental Con- gress, 115; attends ratifying con- vention, 179; as a Federalist leader, 259; and John Henry, 263; and Olive Branch affair, 237-238.
Timber trade, free trade between Quebec and Vermont, 143; depres- sion in, 147-148; revival of, 243- 244; and Embargo and Non-Inter- course Acts, 267-268; and War of 1812, 273; regulation of rafts in 1815, 278; decline of timber sup- ply, 283; effect of Champlain Canal upon, 283.
Town system, in New England, 7; in New Hampshire Grants, 9.
Townshend, Micah, supports Haldi- mand Negotiations, 99; pro-loyal- ist activity of, 123; as Secretary of State, 1781-1789, 133; and Cana- dian lands, 202-203.
Trade, see Vermont-Lower Canada trade.
Treaty of Paris, 1763, 5.
Treaty of Paris, 1783, 125.
Tryon, Governor William, and ma- norial system, 8; landholdings in New Hampshire Grants, 11-12; and representation for New Hamp- shire Grants, 17; and land title dis- pute, 37; requests permission to send troops to the Grants, 38.
University of Vermont, and Ira Allen, 235.
Van Ness, Cornelius P., Governor of Vermont, and opening of Cham- plain Canal, 282-283.
Vendue Sales, 173, 188-189; and Ira Allen, 223.
Vermont, physical geography of, 1; three major sections of, 1; northern boundary of, 24; Constitution of. 63-64; loyalists in, 69-70; Assembly of banishes loyalists, 73; organiza- tion of State government of, 74; Assembly of establishes Courts of Confiscation, 74-75; Assembly of votes First East Union, 82; Assem- bly of permits return of loyalists, 99; Assembly of disposes of un- granted land, 99; loyalists elected to Assembly of, 104; Assembly of opposes Haldimand Negotiations. 117; attitude of Assembly toward commercial treaty with Quebec, 137; Assembly of reverses stand on Trade Treaty with Quebec, 138: Assembly of opposes trade treaty. 166-167; Assembly of sends agents to Congress in 1788, 177; Assem-
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INDEX
bly of and Woodbridge Charter Scandal, 178-179; Assembly of grants lands to Yorkers after 1787, 187; Assembly of levies land taxes, 188-189; confiscation of S. P. G. lands by Assembly of, 217; attitude of Assembly of towards Embargo, 263; Assembly of repcals Act of 1812 prohibiting trade with Lower Canada, 275; Council of Safety of, 68-69; preparations of Council of Safety of to invade Canada in 1778, 87-88; Governor's Council of sends Ira Allen to Quebec on trade matters, 137; Ratifying Convention of, 179-182; proposals to revise Constitution of, 185-186; Vermont Gazette and expansionism, 209; ex- pansionism of, 1794, 217-219; ex- pansionism of, 1790-1796, 206-210; expansionism of, 1809-1812, 260- 262; separatism in, 1780-1783, 90- 126; separatism in, 1788-1790, 145-164; separatism in, 1794, 210, et seq .; separatism in during cra of War of 1812, 264 et seq .; separatist project of, 1794-1795, 210; collapse of separatist project of, 214-217; separatist project of 1809, 262-264; and France, anti-British proposals, 224 et. seq .; culture of and Lower Canada, 255-257; religious influ- ences of on the Canadas, 256-257; and use of force in land-title dis -. pnte with New York, 37; settlement of land-title dispute with New York, 177; trade with Quebec prohibited in 1786, 142; opening of trade with Quebec in 1787, 142: slump in trade with Quebec, 147-148; cus- toms regulations of trade with Que- bec, 149; re-export of Vermont products from Quebec to Great Britain, 162-104: Jawbreakers and
Vermont-Canadian border, 254; counterfeiters and Vermont-Cana- dian border, 254; plight of inhabit- ants of Vermont-Canadian fron- tiers during War of 1812, 274; Canadian proposals to revise Ver- mont-Canadian boundary after 1812, 277; British plans with re- gard to Vermont-Canadian border, 1815, 279.
Vermont-Lower Canada trade, bal- ance of trade, 1800-1801, 246; smuggling, 247; East India goods, 248; threat to St. Lawrence trade, 248; smuggling in Eastern Town- ships, 248-249; petition for easing trade restraints, 249; from 1807- 1815, 266-268, 271-272; reactions to in Lower Canada, 269-174; dur- ing War of 1812, 272; provisioning of Canadian Army, 273; re-open- ing of, 1815, 278; Canadian atti- tude towards after War of 1812, 280; Parliamentary inquiry into, 280; regulation of after 1815, 281; effect of Champlain Canal upon, 283. See also Vermont.
War of 1812, causes of in Vermont, 260-262.
Warner, Seth, captures Crown Point, 52; defeated at Hubbardton, 69.
Warrants of survey in Lower Canada, 200-205, 220.
Washington, George, orders that no more supplies be sent to Vermont, 110; Haldimand Negotiations and, 113; and Jay's Treaty, 214.
Washington Societies, 264.
Wayne, Mad Anthony, 206.
Weare, Meseach, Governor of New Hampshire, 81.
Welland Canal, 287.
Wells, Samuel, in New York Assem-
bly, 18; Judge of Cumberland
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INDEX
County Inferior Court of Common Pleas, 20; becomes a loyalist, 71; supports Haldimand Negotiations, 99; advises opening a Vermont- Quebec trade, 128; and Charles- town Convention, 101; proposes to encourage backcountry separatism, 122; returns to Vermont, 133.
Wentworth, Governor Benning, and land speculation, 7; as Surveyor of Woods, 22.
Wentworth, Governor John, as Sur- veyor of Woods, 22; abandons New Hampshire Grantees, 47.
West Union, 101-102; dissolution of, 113.
Western Inland Lock Navigation Company, 192.
Westminster Conventions, 60-61. Westminster Riot, 45.
Wheelock, Eleazer, 80; separatism of, 100; accusations against, 112.
Whitelaw, James, quoted, 145; 189. William, John, and Ira Allen, 238. Williams, Reverend Samuel, and Haldimand Negotiations, 96. Willsboro, settlement of, 25. Windsor Convention, 63-64.
Wolfe's Cove, 32; and Vermont tim- ber trade, 244.
Young, Dr. Thomas, influence on Allens of, 26.
Yorkers, during Revolution in Ver- mont, 71; rebel against Vermont, 84; oppose Haldimand Negotia- tions, 112. See also New York, George Clinton, Allen brothers, William Smith, loyalists, Alexander Hamilton.
VITA
Born: Granville, Ohio, November 11, 1916; attended the public schools of Dedham, Massachusetts and Red Bank, New Jersey; graduated from Columbia College, 1938, with honors in history and the award of the Henry W. Evans Fellowship; granted an A.M., Columbia University, 1939; studied for the Degree of Doc- tor of Philosophy under Professors John A. Krout and J. Bartlet Brebner; appointed Lecturer in History, University Extension, Columbia University, 1942, Lecturer in History in Barnard Col- lege, Columbia University, 1943, and Assistant Professor of His- tory in Barnard College, 1948.
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