USA > Wisconsin > Columbia County > The history of Columbia county, Wisconsin, containing an account of its settlement > Part 96
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY.
one cow by the old method with tin pans. 10th-The apparatus takes up but little room. 11th-The price is reasonable and within the reach of every farmer. 12th-The cans being air-tight, may be kept in any cellar or other convenient place without injury to the milk from foul gas, odors, or from dirt or insects. 13th-The milk left after the removal of cream by the Vacuum process, is good for family use or feeding to young stock, because the sugar contained in it, and which is as valuable for food as the oily portion, remains unchanged in the short time required for getting the cream; whereas, by the ordinary process, chemical changes in the milk entirely destroy the sugar before the cream is removed. This saving alone will in a single season more than pay the cost of apparatus. 14th-Butter may be made from the cream while it is sweet, or after acidity begins, as the taste of the maker or the market for which it is made, requires. 15th-The butter made by the Vacuum process commands the highest market price. A company was organized in the winter of 1879-80 for the manufacture of these extractors, and is meeting with good success in its introduction.
FERRIES AND BRIDGES.
Peter Pauquette was the first to establish a ferry across the Wisconsin River, at or near the portage. It is not positively known in what year the " modern Samson " undertook the enterprise, but it could not have been at a much later date than that which witnessed the build- of Fort Winnebago (1828). Pauquette lived, with his wife and children, on the south side of the river, where he tilled a small portion of the land now owned by L. W. Borden. In this connection, mention may be made of the fact that Madame Pauquette's first husband was a man named Lupient. By him, she had one child-Theodore, who, sometime in the early part of the sixties, met with an accidental death, in Chicago, being run over by a railway train, while in the " Garden City," exhibiting his grandfather, the famous Joseph Crelie, as " the oldest man in the world." In due course of time, after the tragic death of Peter Pauquette, at the hands of a revengeful savage, Mme. Pauquette married, for her third husband, Antoine Pervonsal, a Frenchman, who conducted the ferry, " at the old stand," until he himself passed over the river Styx, leaving the daughter of Joseph Crelie, thrice a widow. At this date (about 1840), ac- cording to Solomon Leach, the ferry fleet comprised a large rafting skiff for foot passengers, and an ordinary flat-boat for teams. The latter was propelled by means of long poles, in the shallow parts of the river, and mammoth oars over the deeper currents.
A mile below the ferry, on the flat, lived a solitary trader, Silas Walsworth, a widower with one son-Jared. At times, when business was slack, the old gentleman was in the habit of strolling along the shores of the river, and watching the shifting currents of the stream. His course was usually westward ; as business grew duller, his walks grew longer, and soon his face became familiar at the ferry. Once he ventured over the stream, but did not remain long. The next day he came again, and as his visits increased, his gait became more buoyant. He bought a commutation ferry ticket, which was daily "punched in the presence of the passejaire," and when the unperforated territory of that ticket had narrowed down to half a dozen fares, the secret of the widower's movements got out. A quiet wedding soon followed, and then Silas Walsworth took charge of the ferry, having succeeded to its management in the same manner as had Pervon- sal, his predecessor. During the proprietorship of Mr. Walsworth, Oscar F. Wagoner ran it on shares. In 1847, William Armstrong purchased the ferry, and carried it on, under a charter of the Legislature, until the first bridge was built across the Wisconsin River in 1857. Mr. Armstrong soon improved upon the old method of " polling," by stretching a chain across the river, to which the boat was attached by pulleys. The ferry tolls, established by the County Commissioners, were 50 cents for wagon and team of two horses, 12} cents for foot passengers, and the same for four-legged animals, except sheep and swine, for which 2 cents per head was collected.
Soundings of the Wisconsin River were made as early as 1850, the object in view being the bridging of that stream for the accommodation of the rapidly increasing population. A small iron rod passed through the sand in the deepest place, near the point now spanned by the
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY.
bridge, struck clay and stone at twenty two and a half feet. The width of the stream, during low water, at the narrowest place, was thirty-four rods. An amount of water estimated at 3,325 cubic feet passed through the channel every second, at a rate of speed sufficient to give 134 horse-power.
In March, 1851, the Portage Bridge Company was incorporated by act of the Legislature, the incorporators being Jared Walsworth, Silas Wadsworth, Hugh McFarlane, Charles H. Moore, William Armstrong and such other persons as might be associated with them. The capital stock was $20,000, divided into shares of $10 each. Messrs. McFarlane, Moore and J. Walsworth were appointed Commissioners to raise subscriptions, and books were at once opened for that purpose. The corporators were empowered to construct and maintain a bridge across the Wisconsin River in Section 7, Township 12, Range 9 east, not less than twenty feet wide with, a draw of at least fifty feet over the most navigable channel, and to be provided with a double track for wagons and a single track for foot passengers ; to be commenced within two and finished within six years, the company to have power for a term of thirty years. They were further empowered to demand and collect tolls at the following rates : For vehicle and one horse, 15 cents, and each additional horse or ox, 5 cents ; single horse and rider, 10 cents ; foot passen- gers, 3 cents ; for animals, excepting hogs and sheep, in droves of fifty or less, 2 cents per head : all over fifty, 1 cent each ; hogs and sheep, I cent per head.
The company not having complied with the section requiring the commencement of the work within two years, the charter, of course, expired, and in March, 1855, a new charter was granted to Milo H. Pettibone, Hugh McFarlane, William Owen, Henry W. Tenney, Thomas Robertson, Charles H. Moore, Harrison S. Haskell, George H. Wall, Andrew Dunn, John Craw- ford and John A. Chandler, with similar powers given in 1851. The capital stock was $25,000, divided as before, and Messrs. McFarlane, Owen, Pettibone, Crawford and Tenney were com- missioned to receive subscriptions. A meeting of the corporators were held in Portage in April of the same year, at which the following officers were chosen to direct the work in the name of the company : President, M. H. Pettibone; Vice President, A. Dunn ; Secretary, H. W. Tenney ; Treasurer, W. Owen. Directors-H. S. Haskell, H. McFarlane and C. G. McCul- loch. The sum of $4,000 was subscribed, upon which, at a subsequent meeting, a 10 per cent assessment was levied.
No further action seems to have been taken until December following, when a meeting of citizens was held at the office of Register of Deeds. At this meeting, a committee of five was appointed to draft a bill amendatory of the act incorporating the Portage Bridge Company. The purport of the amendment was to allow the city of Portage and the town of Caledonia to issue fifteen-year 10 per cent bonds-the former in any reasonable amount the citizens might deem necessary, and the latter not to exceed $15,000-each being empowered to levy an annual tax to pay interest and principal. The bill was passed in March, 1856, and on the 18th of November, at a meeting of the Portage Company, a resolution was adopted setting forth that it was "deemed expedient to have a new organization of the company," with a view of placing control of the bridge question in the hands of the authorities of the city of Portage and the town of Caledonia, recommending the release of all subscriptions, and the resignation of the Directors. By this arrangement the city and town aforesaid became the Portage Bridge Com- pany. Negotiations were at once entered into with Hall & Leet, a Philadelphia bridge-building firm, and in May, 1857, a contract was closed between this firm and Bridge Commissioner Van- dercook, the work of driving piles through the ice having commenced in February previous.
An idea of the progress of the work of construction may be had from the following " local item " written in August, 1857 : " It is a massive piece of work, and is being carried on in a workmanlike manner. The large oak piles which compose the outwork of the piers are driven through the sand, and stand fast in a solid clay foundation. The inner spaces are filled with rock, 2,000 cubic yards of which have been used for the purpose. This insures a foundation against which floods and rafts may beat with impunity. Over 200,000 feet of lumber will be used in the framework. The whole length of the bridge will be 650 feet with a draw of 130 feet."
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY.
The bridge was so far completed by October, 1857, as to permit the crossing of teams. At that date "ye local " describes it as being "640 feet long, and eighteen feet wide inside. There were used in its construction 250,000 feet of lumber, and the entire structure cost $26,000." In February, 1858, $10,000 worth of the city's bridge bonds found sale in New York city at 76} cents. In November, 1866, the City Council levied a tax of 4 per cent with which to liquidate one-half of the bonded indebtedness on the bridge, and in March, 1867, the obligation, together with interest on the whole indebtedness, amounting in all to $18,049.50, was met.
The office of Bridge Commissioner at once became an important one, as is evident in the fact that in May, 1860, C. R. Gallett was chosen to fill the position by the Council on the sixty-ninth ballot, amid great excitement among the City Fathers and those who had been admitted to the council-room. From the date of the opening of the bridge (October 10, 1857) to December 31 of that year, the tolls amounted to $688. The receipts during the Commis- sionership of George Wall, from the date of his appointment in 1858 to April 9, 1859, were $1,672. Under the administration of John Bean, from May 7, 1859, to the same date in 1860, tolls to the amount of $1,818 were collected, and from the latter date to March 26, 1861, dur- ing Mr. Gallett's incumbency, they aggregated $2,163. From the date of the expiration of Mr. Gallett's term of office to March, 1868, (during the existence of the old bridge) the Com- missioners and the amounts of tolls received by each were as follows : Charles Schenck (four terms), 1862, $1,798; 1863, $1,792 ; 1864, $2,322; 1865, $2,440 ; Patrick Sheehan (four terms, including 1869), 1866, $2,704; 1867, $2,056; 1868, $1,935. The total cost of the old bridge was $41,146.13. The expenses were largely increased by the city being compelled to sell its bonds at a discount of from 25 to 30 per cent and redeem them at par when they fell due. Thus it will be seen that the expenses exceeded the receipts nearly $20,000. In April, 1867, the Council resolved to make an effort to take up $3,000 of the bridge bonds before they fell due if the holders could be induced to turn them in at par. Correspondence was opened with an Eastern Shylock holding this amount of the bonds, who replied that he would take $1.25! The redemption scheme was abandoned. The Mayor was then instructed by the Council to solicit proposals to buy the bridge, and in February, 1868, it was sold under the hammer to W. W. Corning for $2,000, the sale being subject to ratification by the people. The sale was revoked before the time for holding an election arrived, it having been ascertained that the bridge was in an unsound condition.
In March, 1868, the Legislature passed two bridge bills, the first authorizing the city of Portage and the town of Caledonia to jointly erect a free bridge ; and the second, if they should deem it inadvisable to construct such a bridge, authorizing the city of Portage to build another toll bridge. The latter measure provided for the same rates of toll allowed in the old charter, and authorized the city to assign its charter to an individual, or individuals, should any such wish to make the bridge a private enterprise. In the mean time, the City Council employed an experienced bridge-builder to inspect the old concern, and a report was made to the effect that an expenditure of $2,000 would keep it up for a couple of years longer. Before any definite action was taken, however, Messrs. Chapin & Wells, of Chicago, appeared upon the scene and submitted a proposition to remove the old bridge for $1,000, and place a new one-a Howe truss-upon the same piers, for $18,000, allowing the city the market value for any old materials which might be used. A contract was closed with the Chicago builders, and in May the work of tear- ing away the old structure was commenced. L. W. Borden established a ferry across the river, and maintained it while the new bridge was being built, the council voting $250 to aid him in keep- ing it up. The new bridge was completed in Angust, and has ever since answered the purpose for which it was intended. It is a massive structure, and an object of much curiosity to stran- gers. The bonds issued by the city to build it were redeemed, from time to time, as they became due, until the last cancellation was made.
The entire cost of building and maintaining both the old and new bridge, from the com- mencement of the work, in March, 1857, to March, 1871, was $119,624.02. The receipts of
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IIISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY.
tolls, since the completion of the latter, have been $19,392, as follows : Under the Commis- sionership of Patrick Sheehan, in 1869, $1,965; J. B. Gilman, from 1869 to 1873, 89.491; Charles Schenck, from 1873 to the date of his death (August, 1875), and Thomas Bennett, for the unexpired term, $3,015 ; Thomas Bennett, 1876-77, $2,611 ; August Dettlerner, 1878-79, $2,310.
In October, 1869, the bridge was "boarded up " and covered, and in July, 1870, during the prevalence of a tornado, seventy feet of the roof was carried away. In March following, a similar catastrophe occurred, a hundred-foot slice being gathered to the breast of old Boreas and borne from its moorings. Under the consolidating act of 1879, the following rates of toll were established : For every vehicle drawn by one or more horses, or other animal or animals, and for every horse and rider, 10 cents. For hogs and sheep, 1 cent each, and for other animals, 2 cents each, provided that when the number of animals exceed ten, only one-half rates shall be taken for the excess. For cows passing to and from pasture, from April 1 to December 1, in each year, $1 each. No toll shall be collected from persons going to or from church on Sun- days, or from funeral processions, or from officers of the city on official business. Persons paying 10 cents for crossing, as required in Section 2, shall be entitled to re-cross on the same day without further payment, and any person paying $5 in advance, shall be entitled to cross with one team for one year.
The Wisconsin Street Bridge .- Besides the draw-bridges built and maintained over the canal, by the railroad company, there is a first-class bridge at the junction of De Witt and Wis- consin streets, that deserves brief mention in these pages. In June, 1859, Mr. Jenne, Superin- tendent of the improvement, concluded an agreement with the city to place a safe temporary bridge across the canal, within three months' time, and within a year to complete a more sub- stantial structure. The latter was finished, according to agreement, in July, 1860. In 1879, it became necessary to rebuild, and the present iron bridge at that point was the result.
THE FIRE DEPARTMENT AND FIRE RECORD.
The frequency of destructive conflagrations in Portage, for ten years succeeding the burning of the old United States Hotel, in 1851, warned the citizens of the urgent necessity for protec- tion of their property against the ravages of the " fire fiend." The fearful consequences that might result from delay in taking precautionary steps were often depicted in the columns of the local press, but not until 1863 was the repeated warning heeded. On the 6th of June, of that year, the Council, under the provisions of the recently amended charter, organized a fire department, with the following officers: Chief Engineer, James Collins ; Assistant, L. T. Mead ; Treasurer, John Graham ; Secretary, S. S. Brannan ; Fire Wardens, S. E. Dana and Carl Haertel. The lack of implements appertaining to the business of fighting fire, seriously militated against the efficiency of the department, the first year of its existence. In the spring of 1864, the citizens clubbed together and purchased an old hand engine, then in nse in Milwau- kee. Oregon Company, No. 1, was then organized, with the following officers : Foreman, John Curry ; Assistant, John Schliessman ; Hose Captain, F. Burback ; Secretary, V. Hel- mann ; Treasurer, P. McGinn ; Marshal, John Coleman; Steward, M. Huber. Among the other members of the company, will be remembered J. O. Mullen, Peter Mahon, Patrick Shee- han, M. and N. Brand, Andrew Kiefer, Thomas Maloney, John White and Joseph Lynn. The engine was housed in a building located where Lewis' lumber-yard now is. The company proved itself a very useful institution, and flourished until about two years ago, when it was disbanded, owing to the organization of new companies.
In November, 1871, Hook and Ladder Company, No. 1, came into existence, through the efforts of certain citizens, whose names appear among the early officers and members. The first officers were: Foreman, William Hensel; First Assistant, Charles Prehn ; Second Assistant, Frank Tessman; Secretary, A. Kiefer ; Treasurer, Joseph Hubel. The present officers are : Foreman, William Hensel ; First Assistant, Antoine Bartl ; Second Assistant, Charles Haertel,
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY.
Jr. ; Secretary, A. Kiefer ; Treasurer, Louis Prehn ; Marshal, F. W. Schuabel ; Steward, H. Hermann. The company now consists of fifty-eight members.
In 1874, the city purchased a " Champion Fire Extinguisher," paying therefor $2,200, Excelsior Engine Company, No. 2, having previously been organized from among the citizens to man it. The first officers of the company were: Foreman, Alexander Thompson; First Ex- tinguisher Captain, Thack Pool ; Second, William Beattie; Secretary, Henry Williams; Treas- urer, Thack Pool ; Steward, William Beattie. The company flourished until the Silsby steamer was bought, when gratitude for the services of its valiant members seems to have turned to admira- tion for the new " machine." Two years ago, a fireman's tourney took place on the fair grounds. Two old houses were fired, and while every one was watching the "Silsby boys" get ready to make the attack upon one of the burning buildings, the Excelsior crowd put out the fire in the other, thus winning the silver cup that had been offered as a prize to the most efficient company. The citizens were greatly surprised, but, nevertheless, interest has waned in the Excelsior's " soda fountain," notwithstanding the fact that the feats performed by those who manipulate it have been little less than miracles.
Silsby Steamer Company, No. 3, was organized in October, 1877. A first-class engine was purchased for the very small sum of $5,500 (the regular price being $7,500), owing to competition on the part of the Ahrens managers. The first officers of the company were : Foreman, V. E. Brewer ; First Assistant, D. M. Neill ; Second Assistant, William Edwards ; Secretary, John Lewis ; Treasurer, D. M. Neill. The officers for 1878-79 were the same, with the exception of Secretary, C. P. Jæger succeeding Mr. Lewis in the latter year. The present officers are : Foreman, V. E. Brewer; First Assistant, A. A. Sherett ; Second Assistant. F. L. Jones ; Secretary, Frank Wilkie; Treasurer, C. P. Jæger. There are now thirty-eight members in the company.
The building in which the city's fire paraphernalia is housed is one of the landmarks of Portage. It stood formerly on the east side of the canal, and was occupied by Mr. Berry as a store on the lower floor, the upper portion being used for county offices. In 1866, the Lieder- kranz Society purchased and moved it to a lot near the present site of James Collins' residence. It became the property of the city in 1874, and was removed to its present site.
As has been shown, the fire department was organized in June, 1863. The next election of officers of which there is any record was held in March, 1865, with the following result : Chief Engineer, Peter Karsh ; Assistant, J. B. Cromwell ; Treasurer, John Graham ; Secretary, Andrew Kiefer ; Fire Wardens, Charles Haertel and W. W. Corning.
1866-Chief, Peter Karsh ; Assistant, L. T. Mead; Treasurer, John Graham ; Secretary, Andrew Kiefer ; Wardens, Charles Haertel and W. W. Corning.
1867-Chief, Peter Karsh ; Assistant, Patrick Sheehan ; Treasurer, John Graham ; Secre- tary, A. Keifer ; Wardens, C. Haertel and S. E. Dana.
1868-Chief, John Currie ; Assistant, Patrick Sheehan ; Treasurer, John Graham ; Sec- retary, A. Kiefer ; Wardens, C. Haertel and S. E. Dana.
1869-Chief. John Currie ; Assistant, F. Burback ; Treasurer, John Graham ; Secretary, A. Kiefer ; Wardens, Henry Bolting and S. S. Brannan.
1870-Chief, John Currie ; Assistant, Charles Haertel ; Treasurer, John Graham ; Secre- tary, A. Kiefer ; Wardens, Henry Bolting and S. S. Brannan.
1871 .- Chief,* S. S. Brannan ; Assistant, Charles Hærtel ; Treasurer, John Graham ; Sec- retary, A. Kiefer; Wardens, Henry Bolting and Cornelius Wheeler.
1872 .- Chief, Owen Hogan ; Assistant, Charles Hærtel ; Treasurer, John Graham; Sec- retary, A. Kiefer ; Wardens, John Dullighan and Henry Bolting.
1873 .- Chief, James Fyfe ; Assistant, Evan Arthur ; Treasurer, C. Wheeler ; Secretary, A. Kiefer ; Wardens, John Dullighan and Henry Bolting.
1874 .- Chief, James Fyfe ; Assistant, S. L. Plumb ; Treasurer, C. Wheeler ; Secretary, A. Kiefer ; Wardens, George Port and James Collins.
Resigned in April ; Owen Hogan appointed to fill vacancy.
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY.
1875 .- Chief, William Hensel ; Assistant, Patrick Sheehan ; Treasurer, F. Silverkrop ; Secretary, C. H. Tasker ; Wardens, N. H. Wood and John Graham.
1876 .- Chief, W. Hensel; Assistant, Patrick Sheehan ; Treasurer, F. Silverkrop ; Sec- retary, C. H. Tasker ; Wardens, Charles Prehn and P. Mohan.
1877 .- Chief, W. Hensel ; Assistant, Charles Prehn ; Treasurer, John Dullighan ; Secre- tary, C. H. Tasker ; Wardens, N. H. Wood and R. O. Loomis.
1878 .- Chief, W. Hensel ; Assistant, Alexander Thompson ; Treasurer, R. A. Sprecher; Secretary, C. H. Tasker ; Wardens, George Bohag and Louis Blakewall.
1879 .- Chief, Alexander Thompson ; Assistant, Jacob Best ; Treasurer, R. A. Sprecher ; Secretary, V. E. Brewer ; Wardens, A. Kiefer and John Bean.
1880 .- Chief, Alexander Thompson ; Assistant, J. Muller; Treasurer, A. Klenart; Sec- retary, V. E. Brewer.
The Fire Record .- Following is a list of the fires that have occurred in Portage since 1850, with dates, losses, insurance, etc. :
United States Hotel, February 2, 1851. The hotel was under the management of Lee & Mitchell, and was then considered one of the institutions of Portage. The loss was about $6,000; insured for $3,000. It was rebuilt at once, and opened with a grand ball January 8, 1852.
Fort Winnebago, March 31, 1856. The fire broke out in the north wing of the buildings formerly occupied as officers' barracks, destroying most of the old landmarks of early days. The buildings were mostly occupied by private families.
Charles Haertel's brewery barn, October 6, 1856. Two valuable horses were burned to death. Loss about $500; no insurance.
Barn belonging to William Miller, on the east side of the canal, July 25, 1857.
Motash's City Bathing Establishment, near Silver Lake, November 30, 1857.
Lee House saloon, December 20, 1857. Two of Col. Orton's performing lions, housed in the establishment at the time, were liberated at the time to save them. The ground being covered with snow, they were easily recaged by their trainer, Charles Tubbs, when the fire was extinguished. Loss, $750; uninsured.
Lee House barn, April 14, 1859. Loss, $1,500; insured for $1,000.
The newly finished residence of S. B. Linscott, April 21, 1859. Loss, $600 ; no insurance. Corne's meat market and adjoining buildings, December 18, 1859. Aggregate insurance of $1,500.
Lee House, December 21, 1859. Insurance, $4,000.
James Dunn's barn, December 24, 1859. Three cows burned to death. No insurance. Veeder House, April 5, 1860. Insured for $9,500; loss much greater.
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