USA > Arkansas > Faulkner County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 36
USA > Arkansas > Garland County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 36
USA > Arkansas > Grant County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 36
USA > Arkansas > Hot Spring County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 36
USA > Arkansas > Jefferson County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 36
USA > Arkansas > Lonoke County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 36
USA > Arkansas > Perry County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 36
USA > Arkansas > Pulaski County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 36
USA > Arkansas > Saline County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 36
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Hartwell T. and Joseph W. Wright are members of one of the substantial firms of the county, and men recognized as prominent planters. They are sons of Joseph J. Wright, who was a native of Alabama, and who, after marrying Elizabeth W. Tucker, of North Carolina, removed to Tennessee, where Hartwell was born, in Shelby County, Au- gust 20, 1835. From there they went to Missis- sippi, and in that locality Joseph W. first saw the light, December 4, 1838. In 1839 a desire to locate in Arkansas brought them to the place where the subjects of this sketch now reside, and here was opened up a farm of 400 acres and over. Joseph Wright, Sr., was born in 1809; he was a
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representative and successful physician, and after removing to Arkansas, opened an office in Pine Bluff, becoming one of the leading men in his pro- fession in this county, and at various times hold- ing offices of trust. He died December 23, 1854, having been a strong advocate of temperance. His wife was born June 18, 1811, and died August 5, 1865. Hartwell and Joseph are the only survivors of a family of eleven children. They were reared on the place where they now live, and in youth took great delight in hunting and fishing. Hart- well served a short time in the Confederate army, but being wounded at Point Pleasant, returned home. He married Miss Mary R. Toney, a native of Arkansas, who was born in Dallas County. She died May 24, 1883. leaving a large family: John W., Epps Virginia, Maggie, Lueius, Hartwell, Talbot, Breckenridge, and Joseph (deceased). Jo- seph Wright was first lieutenant of Company D, Eighteenth Arkansas Regiment, and served until the elose of the war, taking part in the battle of Jenkins' Ferry, Ark., and also at Fort Pillow, Tenn. Returning home he has since lived with his brother. He has held the office of deputy sheriff. These brothers are too well known to need any introduction to the residents of this see- tion. Earnest, active and progressive in the de- velopment of all worthy enterprises, they have aided materially in advancing and furthering needed improvement.
Capt. M. G. Sennett, recognized as one of the most extensive cotton planters in Jefferson County, was born in Kentucky, Madison County, October 26, 1839, and is a son of Penrose and Elizabeth (Greenwood) Sennett, natives of France, the father first settling in Pennsylvania and then moving to Madison County, Kentucky. The mother's par- ents located in Ohio on their arrival from France, and, later moved to Kentucky, where she met and was married to Penrose Sennett. The father was a noted physician during his life, and a graduate of Wood's Medical College at Philadelphia, Penn., practicing his profession up to the time of his death in 1861 at the age of fifty-two or fifty-three years. His wife died in 1864 in the State of Texas, and was about the same age at the time of
death as her husband. The parents were members of the Presbyterian Church, although the mother had been reared a Catholie and always adhered to that faith. The male members of the Sennett family were all soldiers of France, at one time or another of their lives, and Edward P., the father of Penrose, was a colonel in Napoleon's army and a resident of Lorraine Province. He was a political and religious refugee from his native country, who settled in the State of Pennsylvania. The Green- wood family were prominent manufacturers of France and also in the United States. The father of Mrs. Sennett died on the Scioto River in Ohio, where the family had settled on coming to this country. The elder Sennett and his wife were the parents of four children, of whom M. G. was the third and the only one now living. Those dead are William W. (who was a Confederate soldier, and killed at the battle of Elkhorn), Elizabeth (who was the wife of Edward C. Hawkins of Tip- ton County, Tennessee, and died shortly after her marriage), and Annie C. (who died in her twelfth year.) M. G. Sennett was educated in the schools of Lexington, Mo., and at the Batavia College, Batavia, Ohio. In the early part of 1861 he left school to enlist in the Confederate army, and be- eame a member of Company K, Col. Staple's regi- ment, in which body he remained for about ten months, and was then transferred east of the Missis- sippi River, where he was assigned to Company B, Third Missouri Infantry, under Col. Cockrell. He first entered as a private, and remained in that capacity until after the battle of Iuka, where he was severely wounded, but after his recovery he was promoted to the rank of third lieutenant, and as his merits were recognized again the rank of captain was conferred on him. He then went to Missouri on recruiting service, and soon afterward was captain of Company I, Ninth Confederate Cavalry. taking part in the battles of fuka, Corinth, Franklin Mills, Oxford, and a number of others. His later battles were at Grand Gulf, Bruensburg, Fort Gibson, Biapeer, Raymond, Jackson, Edwards Depot, Champion's Hill, Black River Bridge and Vicksburg, where he was paroled. At that time he was unable to secure any conveyance to return
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home and walked all the way from Demopolis, Ala., to Green County, Missouri. In the latter place he was able to procure horses and traveled through Pettis, Saline, Lafayette and Cooper Counties, organizing companies for the Confederate army. On entering the ranks again he took part in a number of skirmishes, and at Caney Bayou, in Chicot County, Arkansas, his company stormed and captured the stockades at the mouth of White River. He then joined Price's raid through Mis- sonri, and was at the battle of Pilot Knob when Maj. Bennett of his regiment was killed. After this they took the city of Sedalia, and then crossed the Missouri River, taking part in all the battles in that part of the country until the close of the war, when he surrendered at Shreveport, La. At the battle of Champion's Hill he was wounded, as also at Inka, and in several other engagements received wounds, which sometimes aggravate him, even at the present time. After the war he turned his attention to cotton planting on the banks of the Mississippi, but at the end of two years he came to his present location. On his arrival he was almost penniless, the war having robbed him of
almost everything, but he received $300 from his father's estate with which to commence in business. Misfortune still followed him. however, and the end of his business experience found him $600 debt to Memphis merchants. Capt. Sennett was then engaged as overseer and remained in that capacity for four years, after which time he bought an interest in the place now owned by him. He controls 3,100 acres in cotton and corn, and owns a splendid farm of 500 acres which has been greatly improved, and is some of the most fer- tile soil in Arkansas. On May 6, 1869, the Cap- tain was married to Miss Nannie C. Seythe, of Jefferson County, by whom he had eight children. Those living at present are: John F., Fannie Y., Nannie B. and William M. Those deceased are: Miles G., Bettie G., Susie P., Clifton B. Capt. Sennett is a member of the Royal Arca num, and in politics is a stanch Democrat. He embarked in mercantile life for several years, and, though fortune has buffeted him on many occa- sions, no man has ever had his confidence mis- placed or lost a cent by the Captain's ill-luck.
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SALINE COUNTY.
CHAPTER XVII.
SALINE COUNTY-ORIGINAL BOUNDARY-COUNTY SEAT-PUBLIC BUILDINGS-JJUDICIARY-EARLY COURT TRANSACTIONS -- CRIMINAL CALENDAR-BEGINNING OF SETTLEMENT-PIONEER REMINISCENCES- EARLY COMERS-LOCAL COLONIES-LIST OF OFFICERS-THE COUNTY IN THE CIVIL WAR- COMMERCIAL CENTERS -- JOURNALISTIC ENTERPRISES - SECRET SOCIAL ORGANIZA- TIONS-MORAL AND SPIRITUAL AFFAIRS - FINANCIAL REPRESENTATION-
LOCATION - DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS - NATURE OF SOIL, SURFACE, PRODUCTS, ETC .- RESOURCES-ADVANTAGES OFFERED-BIOGRAPHIICAL,
None
Can say, here uature ends, and art begins, But mixt like th' elements, and born like twins, So interweaved, so like, so much the same .- Denham.
ALINE COUNTY* was carved out of Pulaski County in 1835, and then included a large por- tion of what is now Grant, Perry and Garland Counties. The commissioners elected to select the site for the seat of justice were Rezin Davis, Green B. Hughes and David Dodd.
Benton had been started about two years previous, and owing to its central location, in the most thickly settled portion of the county, was chosen as the county seat. This same board of commissioners re- tained their office (except that Abi- jah Davis was appointed, some time in 1836, to take the place of David Dodd, resigned) until the July term of the county court. 1839, when, after reporting, they resigned. This report
*Kind acknowledgements are due Rev. Finis Leach, Thomas Pack, D. M. Cloud, Col. S. H. Whitthorne, Col. T. C. Mays and others, for valuable information contrib- uted in the compilation of this sketch.
shows that the receipts from the county and State revenue from November 2, 1835, to July, 1839, amounted to $6,045.37, and that the expenditures for the same period aggregated $5,422.42. The latter included the cost of land for public build- ings, surveying the county and township lines, and the building of the court house and county jail.
The first court house, a brick structure. 60x60 feet in size and two stories high, was erected in 1838, under the supervision of the board of com- missioners. Jacob Hoover was the contractor for the brick work. This building cost $3,574. Being poorly constructed it was condemned by the court in 1856, and the next year was torn down, the present house subsequently being erected on the same foundation.
There have been three county jails built in Sa- line County. The first a log structure, and of great durability, was erected in 1838, at a cost of $975. It was burned, in 1859, by a rather disreputable character named Thornton. The second jail was erected the next year and was a strong log and brick building; like the first, it was also destroyed
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HISTORY OF ARKANSAS.
by fire in 1877. The incendiary was the murderer, Tom Staner. The present jail is a good brick house two stories in height, 20x60 feet in dimen- sions, with cells below and the jailer's residence above. It was built in 1879.
The first court in the county was held at a school-house, about five miles west of Benton, in November, 1835. Very little business was tran- sacted other than the confirmation of officers. Whisky was sold ou the ground, and it is said that the court and all of the members became so influ- enced by this "intruder" that the records were lost.
The next court convened at the Baptist meeting house, near Duncan's. Jannary 25, 1836. The county officers elect were soon sworn in and their bonds accepted by this court, after which it ad- journed. There was no business of importance before this honorable body except orders for open- ing roads. On April 29, 1836, the court ordered that the county should be laid off into six muni- cipal townships.
The first probate business transacted in the county was during this same term, letters of ad- ministration being granted to Rebecca Collins, on the estate of W. Collins (deceased).
The first order to levy a tax was made at the April term in 1837. taxing one sixth of one per cent on property of white male citizens; and on all over twenty-one and under fifty years of age, a poll tax of fifty cents, providing such persons had no taxable property.
Notwithstanding the fact that a number of murders, homicides and serious crimes were com- mitted in the early and later times in Saline County, but few cases appear as matters of record. The first murder trial in Saline County was brought here on change of venue from Pulaski County. This was the case of John Wilson (rep- resentative) for the killing of Hon. J. J. Anthony, in the State Capitol at Little Rock, as previously mentioned. Wilson was acquitted.
The killing of George McDaniels by H. D. Cross, about 1840, brought about the first trial for murder committed in the county. Both parties were saloon keepers of Benton, and the crime was
the result of heated passion growing out of too much whisky. Cross was convicted of manslaughter, fined $1,000 and sentenced to one year's imprison- ment, but was pardoned by the Governor and did not serve his term. William Colvert, a sub- stantial citizen of Benton, was a witness for the State in Cross' trial. A deadly feud sprang up between them; both were popular, and their quar- rel, instead of remaining a personal matter, caused a division throughout the county. In the same year Colvert killed Cross, and was tried but ac- quitted on proof that his life had been repeatedly threatened by Cross. This tragedy left a feudal feeling for several years, but no murders resulted.
The most shocking crime perpetrated in this county was the murder of Mrs. McH. Staner and a neighbor lady, Mrs. H. T. B. Taylor, in 1877. This took place in what is now Jefferson Town- ship, about eighteen miles northwest of Benton.
The murderer, Tom Staner, was a nephew of McH. Staner, and was partly reared by the lat- ter. The deed was doue for money. Mr. Staner was away from home, and young Staner thinking that he knew where his uncle kept his money, selected that time to obtain it. Going to the house he killed Mrs. Staner, and proceeded to rifle his uncle's trunk, supposed to contain the money. While thus engaged Mrs. Taylor came in, and the fiend turned upon her and caused her immedi- ate death, The first person to discover the crime was a boy about sixteen years of age, who was working for Mr. Staner, and had left the field at the dinner hour. This boy, Samuel H. Brooks, was a half-brother of the murderer, and was in- cluded in the plot of the criminal.
Great excitement prevailed throughout the coun- try, and circumstances threw suspicion on Staner, who was arrested and incarcerated in the jail at Benton. While in confinement he wrote a letter to his brother describing some hidden money, which letter fell into the hands of the sheriff, and that officer, following the directions contained therein, found the money, and with it some of Mrs. Stan- er's jewelry. When confronted with this revela- tion Staner confessed to the commission of the deed.
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The wildest excitement prevailed, and the pris- oner was removed to Pulaski County jail for safe keeping. His trial followed shortly after. His confession, together with the evidence adduced, disclosed the most fiendish plots, and proved that the criminal had been thwarted in a desperate ca- reer of rapine and murder. Staner was con- victed and sentenced to be hung the same year, and was publicly executed in the court house yard in Benton, in November, 1877. The murderer's intention had been to kill his half-brother, Samuel H. Brooks, and Mrs. Staner, and secure what money he could there, and then to commit a nun- ber of similar crimes, and leave the country. After his sentence, and while in jail awaiting execution, be made a desperate effort to escape, burning a log out of the wall of the building in order to make an aperture, and even succeeded in getting on the outside, but the appearance of the jailer, J. F. Shoppach, at an opportune moment, and the firing of three effectual pistol shots, brought the escaping man to a halt. The jail burned, and the murderer was nursed and guarded in the court honse till the day of his execution, when he was carried to the scaffold, and hanged in the pres- ence of an immense concourse of people.
The victims of this brutal affair belonged to highly respected families, and the crime cast a gloom over the entire community. The ladies were killed with an ordinary fire poker.
Several instances of horse stealing have oc- cnrred from time to time, the most important of which is the Thornton-Garner case. The parties in this affair were Peter Garner, Field Garner, and William Thornton. The Garners were con- victed, and sentenced to five years' imprisonment each, and Thornton to a term of ten years in the penitentiary. Thornton burned the first jail. but was not tried for the offense. He died while serv- 1 ing his sentence for horse stealing.
Saloon licenses were freely granted, and in- temperance had full sway for a number of years, and it is stated that with the exception of the Staner murder case, and one or two others, whisky caused the greater amount of crimes. As early as 1872, the temperance people began to agitate the |
liquor question, and experienced various successes and failures, sometimes almost successful, and at other times discouraged. In 1878 the county voted on local option: every township was carried by the temperance people except Saline. In 1882 the citizens of Benton took advantage of the three- mile law, and since that time there have been no spirituous liquors legally sold in this county.
As in the case of other localities mentioned in the present volume, the territory which is now em- braced by Saline County was originally a part of Arkansas Territory, and later Pulaski County. Occasionally a hunting party or a solitary trapper passed through the dense forests of Saline River bottom, killing deer and other large game in cane- brakes, or taking fish from the limpid waters of the river. The natural inhabitants of the community remained undisturbed for many years.
The first man (white) to break the forests of Saline County, and signalize advancing civiliza- tion, was William Lockert, who came in the spring of 1815, with his family, settling four miles south- west of Benton, at the point where the military road crosses the Saline. For two years these per- sons were the only ones here. Some time during the year 1817, Abner Herald and his two stepsons, Isham and John Pelton (with their families), and James Buckan and family reached Mr. Lockert's, and later selected locations for homes, a little farther up the river. About the same time, or within the period between 1817 and 1821, Josiah Stover lo- cated a few miles west of Lockerts, and James Prudden, four miles south; Judge William Cald- well, William Duncan, Joseph and Harlan Clift selected farms west of the Saline River. About 1823 Ezra M. Owen and several others began a settlement at Collegeville. Owen planned a school, which he hoped to make the State University, and named the town or settlement Collegeville.
As Owen's settlement was near the geograph- ical center of the territory he laid off the town, and endeavored to secure the capital at that point. Being in a good farming section, Collegeville was rapidly settled. Robert and Valentine Brazil, and Samuel Williams, came to the county about 1820, and opened farms near Benton. In 1825 twelve
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HISTORY OF ARKANSAS.
families, removed to Collegeville from Lawrence County, Ark., and from that place cut a road through the woods to the Saline River where they made a settlement, now known as the "Lindsey Settlement," seven miles northwest of Benton. Among this brave pioneer band were Caleb Lind- sey, Sr., John Y. Lindsey, Abijalı Davis, Henry Louis Fletcher, George James, William Williams (Blind Billy), Burket Lindsey, and others whose names are not now remembered. This was one of the most important beginnings in the county as the men comprising it were a thrifty class of indi- viduals who were seeking permanent homes. Others entered soon after. A large number of families from Kentucky opened farms and made for themselves abiding places, naturally giving to the locality the name Kentucky Township. Many of their descendants still live here, comprising some of Saline County's most substantial citizens.
Prominent among those who came after 1830 might be mentioned Green B. Hughes, Rev. Andrew Hunter, David Dodd, Rev. Samuel Henderson and Rev. Aaron Bolt. From 1833 to 1837, William Scott, Thomas Pack, William Shoppach and A. R. Hockersmith settled in and around Benton, and during the summer of 1837 ninety families took up their abode in Saline Township. The leaders of this colony were Thomas Keese, Robert Calvert, Berryman McDaniel, George Cobb, John Green, Joab Pratt. Nathan Pumphrey and Jacob Leach. After this the county was settled more rapidly; churches and schools were formed and material progress and advancement were noticeable. Very few of the old landmarks of that day and genera- tion remain, a large percentage of the first settlers having passed to the "silent majority." Some have moved to other States. None of Lockerts or the original family of Caldwells are at present living in the county. Of those who came in 1817, Sibby (Pelton) Shoppach (consort of William Shoppach and the mother of the present sheriff of Saline County) is the only survivor. Harlan Clift and Mrs. Rutha A. Wills, both of whom located here in 1824, are still living. From 1815 to 1825 early customs and experiences were not very different from those of other sections. Settlers ground
their corn on hand-mills, requiring the labor of one member of the family for about half the time; all articles of clothing including shoes were made by hand; wild game of different kinds abounded, hunting and fishing were the principal sports and pastimes, as well as the most profitable means of subsistence, and the pioneer found Little Rock, a small trading post twenty-three miles away, the only place where any of the products of the farm or the chase could be exchanged for commodities, or where a " turn of corn " might be ground. Be- ing determined to overcome these inconveniences as far as possible, Samuel Williams, in 1825, erected a water-mill, the first on Williams' Creek, about ten miles northwest of Benton, and for a few years enjoyed a thriving business, or until the entire mill was washed away by a freshet. About 1830 Charles Caldwell built a water-mill five miles northwest of Benton, and in the same year Joseph Clift erected a horse-mill eight miles southwest of that town in what is now Fair Play Township: in 1838, James Harrill and Burket Lindsey con- structed a water-mill on Holly Creek. four miles southeast of Benton, in Shaw Township. Later a number of grist-mills and cotton-gins were erected. The county enjoyed a healthy growth for an inland section, till 1873, when the Iron Mountain Rail- road was built through it, this lending material aid and giving an impetus which still continued, proving of decided benefit to further improvement and de- velopment, and about that time the manufacture of pottery was begun, which soon became the lead- ing manufacturing industry of the county.
With every colony entering the wild and un- broken territory of Saline, there were Godly men, whose sole aim in life was to build up a common- wealth rich in religious and moral virtues, and these did their work well. The house of the first settler (William Lockert) was the place where the earliest preaching was heard; and there, too, are many groves sacred to the memory of the oldest citizens, who first heard in this region, from the lips of the pioneer preacher, the "Words of Life." Others there were different in thoughts and purposes, and whose aims seemed in decided contrast to the minds of the more spiritually minded; hence, like
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all frontier settlements, the virtues and vices of the new locality flourished together.
Religious meetings were about the only public gatherings of early days, and these were attended by every one. Some would take their guns with them, hiding them during services, and perhaps kill a deer 'or turkey on the way home. To be- come a skillful hand with the rifle was the highest ambition of the pioneer youth. "Log rollings " and "corn huskings " were common diversions, and a means of mutual benefit, and the scene of many athletic encounters between those who "banked" on their muscle; in those times, too, the "little brown jug " played its part."
The official list of Saline County comprises the following named individuals, all well remembered and esteemed, whose terms of service are annexed:
Judges of the county courts: T. S. Hutchin- son, 1835-36; H. Prudden, 1836-38; R. Brazil, 1838-40; W. M. Scott, 1840-42; A. R. Crisp, 1842-44; G. B. Hughes, 1844-46 ; Robert Cal- vert, 1846-50; W. M. Scott, 1850-52; W. E. Beavers, 1852-54; Joseph Scott, 1854-60; James | T. Poe, 1860-62; W. Scott, 1862-1868; J. A. Medlock, 1868 to July, 1868; T. A. Morris, from July, 1868, to February, 1869; then J. A. Med- lock again, till 1874; J. W. Adams, 1874-78; D. J. McDonald, 1878-82; Barton Howard. 1882 to November, 1883; then John L. Laymon, judge (vice B. Howard, deceased), till 1884: A. A. Craw- ford, 1884-90.
Clerks of the county courts : Samuel Cald- well, 1835-36; G. B. Hughes, 1836-38; S. S. Collins, 1838-40; G. B. Hughes, 1840-42; E. M. Owen, 1842-46; A. R. Hockersmith, 1846-52; J. W. Shoppach, 1852-62; L. Collins, 1862-64; A. R. Hockersmith, 1864-66; M. J. Henderson, 1866-68; J. A. Mills, 1868-72; J. P. Henderson, 1872-74; J. H. Shoppach, 1874-80; J. F. Shoe- maker, 1880-88; J. L. Parham, 1888-90.
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