Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.], Part 57

Author: Goodspeed, firm, publishers, Chicago. (1886-1891. Goodspeed publishing Company)
Publication date: 1889
Publisher: Chicago, St. Louis [etc.] The Goodspeed publishing co.
Number of Pages: 826


USA > Arkansas > Faulkner County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 57
USA > Arkansas > Garland County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 57
USA > Arkansas > Grant County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 57
USA > Arkansas > Hot Spring County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 57
USA > Arkansas > Jefferson County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 57
USA > Arkansas > Lonoke County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 57
USA > Arkansas > Perry County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 57
USA > Arkansas > Pulaski County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 57
USA > Arkansas > Saline County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring counties, Arkansas, comprising a condensed history of the statebiographies of distinguished citizens...[etc.] > Part 57


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75 | Part 76 | Part 77 | Part 78 | Part 79 | Part 80 | Part 81 | Part 82 | Part 83 | Part 84 | Part 85 | Part 86 | Part 87 | Part 88 | Part 89 | Part 90 | Part 91 | Part 92 | Part 93 | Part 94 | Part 95 | Part 96 | Part 97 | Part 98 | Part 99 | Part 100 | Part 101 | Part 102 | Part 103 | Part 104 | Part 105 | Part 106 | Part 107 | Part 108 | Part 109 | Part 110 | Part 111 | Part 112 | Part 113 | Part 114 | Part 115 | Part 116 | Part 117 | Part 118 | Part 119 | Part 120 | Part 121 | Part 122 | Part 123 | Part 124 | Part 125 | Part 126 | Part 127 | Part 128


Henry Clay Ward first saw the light of day in North Carolina in 1830. His paternal grandfather, Leonard Ward, was a native of Maryland and a soldier of the Revolutionary War, in which he took brave and active part, being one of the famous "minute men " spoken of in history. His father was Francis A. Ward, of North Carolina birth, who gave his attention to farming as an occupation. Coming to Hot Spring County in 1850, he settled at Rockport, where he was elected the first county judge of that county. In 1861 he moved to Social Hill, and there spent the remainder of his life, dying in 1879, at the age of seventy-eight years. His widow, the mother of Henry Clay Ward, still survives him. She was also a native of North Carolina, her name being Sarah Miller before marriage. She (as was her husband) is a


member of the Methodist Church, in which they always took an active part. They were the parents of seven children: John W. (deceased), H. C. (the subject of this article), Wiley A., M. D. (now of Cleveland County), Mary (deceased), Benjamin Franklin (deceased, a musician in the Third Ar- kansas Infantry), William J. (an architect, at Washington, D. C.) and Sallie (deceased, who was the wife of Thomas Daniel). Henry Clay Ward was reared upon the farm in a new country where he had no advantages for schooling, but he improved such opportunities as were presented to obtain an education, and by subsequent self-applica- tion has become a well informed man. His natural love of mechanics and his inventive genius have often served him in an excellent way. When the Civil War broke ont he took a contract to make drums for the Confederate army, and also fur- nished drums to the Federal army, the Ward drums being found throughout the lines of both forces. Indeed, he is yet called the "Arkansas drum- maker." Music with Mr. Ward is an intuitive passion, and he is an expert on the violin, having gained quite a reputation by playing the "Arkan- saw Traveler," which piece he practiced with its composer. After the close of the war he settled on his father's old farm at Social Hill, where he still resides, engaged in farming and distilling brandy and whisky. His still has a capacity of twenty gallons per day. He makes fine liquors, the most of it finding its way to physicians and those wanting a pure article for medicinal pur- poses, and " Ward's Best " has achieved a wide and favorable sale. In 1858 Mr. Ward was mar- ried to Miss Nancy E. Reasons, who was born in North Carolina in 1840. They are the parents of these children: Mary C. (now the wife of J. R. Alford, a merchant of Social Hill), Martha E. (wife of Henry Hardy, also of Social Hill), F. Ada (wife of P. A. Peyton, of Malvern), Maud (a teacher) and Sallie (who resides at home). Mrs. Ward and all of the children are members of the Methodist Church, South. Mr. Ward belongs to the A. F. & A. M., of which he is a Knight Templar, being one of the first initiated in Rock- port. He is a large-hearted man, and of a hos-


359


· HOT SPRING COUNTY.


pitable disposition, the doors of his house being ever thrown open for stranger or acquaintance, and the poor and afflicted do not hesitate to ask a favor of generous, maguanimous Henry Ward.


John Randolph Wisdom, the son of Brinsley B. and Bethaney (Herne) Wisdom, was born March 22, 1848, in Randolph County, Mo. His father's (Brinsley) birth occurred in Cumberland County, Ky., November 16, 1805, and there he resided until eighteen years of age, when he came to Mis- souri and engaged in farming. He served in the Federal army, and died December 3, 1888. Beth- aney (Herne) Wisdom was born in Boone County, Mo .. in June, 1807. and died in 1852. John R. spent his boyhood days in Randolph, Andrain and Boone Counties, Mo., being educated in the coun- try schools of various localities. In 1863 he enlist- ed in Company D, Thirty-ninth Missouri Regulars, serving until August, 1864. when he was honorably discharged. He then began contracting for lum- ber and in that and the livery stable business con- tinned for thirteen years. From 1881, to Febru- ary 6, 1886, he was engaged in steam boating and towing lumber on the Mississippi River. between Quincy and Louisiana, Mo. At the latter date he came to Gifford Township, Hot Spring County, Ark., and took charge of the large saw and plan- ing-mill at Wyandotte. owned by F. P. Herne. Sr .. W. H. Miller, John R. Wisdom and A. G. Ham- lin (a cousin to the venerable Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine). The mill employs 100 hands and turns out about 10,000,000 feet of lumber yearly, mak- ing shipments to all parts of the United States. Some 3.000 acres of timber land are owned by the company in Gifford Township. John R. Wisdom was married March 10, 1870, to Jennie V. Van Horn, daughter of Robert and Malinda Van Horn. Charles R., the only child born to them, is attend- ing college at Fayetteville, Ark. In 1880 Mr. Wisdom was elected to the Missouri legislature, from Marion County, serving two years. He was the only Republican elected in that county for a period of twenty years. He is a member of the Orders of Knights of Pythias and Maccabees, and an energetic citizen, thoroughly advocating needed reforms and improvements.


J. G. Woods is the present efficient editor of the Democratic Guard, which was established at Quitman, Cleburne County. Ark., in 1887, but moved to Malvern on February 1, 1889. It was established by Mr. Woods, who is a native of West Virginia, where he was born (in Lewisburg, Green- brier County) in the year 1835. In July, IS49, he started overland to California, but did not arrive until the following summer, having to spend the winter at Salt Lake City, on account of the Mount- ain Meadow Massacre. He remained in Califor- nia a short time, when he returned to Richmond, Va., there working on the National American, and also on the Richmond Despatch Daily, until 1857. when he came to Rockport, Hot Spring County. In 1861 he enlisted in Company F, of the Third Arkansas Infantry, under Col. A. G. Rusk, in which he served four years. Mr. Woods was in the battles of Gettysburg. Richmond, Suffolk cam- paign, Sharpsburg, and a number of others. He was slightly wounded by a piece of shell, but not seriously. After the war he returned to Hot Spring County, and in the spring of 1866 went to Texas, walking all of the way from Rockport to Fort Worth, Tex., where he engaged at cattle driving one year, and then joined the Texas Ran- gers to fight Indians, in which he served two years. In 1868 he married Miss Sallie E. Slocum, a native of West Virginia. He first settled near Fort Worth, on a farm, and in 1869 worked on the Fort Worth Chronicle, the first paper estab- lished at that place. In IS73, Mr. Woods moved to Cleburne, Tex., where he remained one year, engaged on the Cleburne Chronicle. He then went to Ennis, Tex., and established the Ennis Argus, which he conducted a year, and then sold out and went to Peoria, Tex., starting the Hill County Record. when he again sold out and bought the Bosque County Herald, and published that six years. At the end of that period, going to Collin County, Tex., he started the Plano Herald, in 1880, and was burned out the same year. He then became the business manager of the Tribune Publishing Company at Decatur, Tex., and at the same time was correspondent for the Galveston and Dallas News. While there he became interested


360


HISTORY OF ARKANSAS.


in farming and fruit raising. In 1889 he came to Hot Spring County, and established his present paper. Mr. Woods has a family of three children : Lee, John and Daisy. Mrs. Woods is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Wood's life has al- ways been one of activity and usefulness, and he


has ever taken an active interest in the community in which he lives. Careful and painstaking in the publication of his journal, he has gained a credit- able circulation and deserves the patronage ac- corded him. In a word, his paper is just what is needed here.


361


PULASKI COUNTY.


CHAPTER XIX.


HISTORY OF PULASKI COUNTY-LOCATION, TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY-SOIL DEPOSITS-NATURAL WEALTII -CENSUS RETURNS-AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES AND PROSPERITY-FRUIT CULTURE-ASSESSMENT AND FAXATION-RAILROAD FACILITIES-STATISTICS OF POPULATION-PERIOD OF PERMANENT HABI- TATION-FIRST SETTLERS NAMED-LAND ENTRIES-PIONEER RECOLLECTIONS-ERA OF CON- STRUCTION-CREATIVE ACT-COUNTY SEAT-MUNICIPAL DIVISIONS-PUBLIC EDIFICES- LIST OF COUNTY DIGNITARIES-JUDICIAL HISTORY-LEGAL PRACTITIONERS-MAT- TERS POLITIC-PULASKI'S CIVIL WAR RECORD-SKETCH OF LITTLE ROCK-ITS VARIED INTERESTS-UNITED STATES ARSENAL-NEWSPAPER PRESS-THE CODE DUELLO-OTHER BUSINESS CENTERS-EDUCATIONAL ADVANCEMENT- PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS-RELIGIOUS CONDITION-BIOGRAPHY.


He looked and saw the face of things quite chang'd. The brazen throat of war had ceas'd to roar; And all was turned .- Milton.


ULASKI COUNTY, Ark., is located in the geographi- cal center of the State, and is bounded north by Perry and Faulkner Counties, east by Lonoke, south by Jef- ferson and Saline and west by Saline and Perry. The base line of the government surveys of the lands of the State lies nearly six miles south of the State house at Lit tle Rock. and the county embraces por- tions of Townships 1, 2, 3 and 4 north and Townships 1 and 2 south, in Ranges 10 to 16, inclusive, west of the fifth principal meridian. It also lies in the northern half of the 35° of north latitude, and mostly in the eastern half of the 16° of longitude, west from Washington. Its area is 781 square miles, one-fourth of which is


estimated to be under cultivation. Some 25,000 acres belong to the United States, five per cent to the State of Arkansas and about ten per cent to the St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern, the Little Rock & Fort Smith, the Memphis & Little Rock Railroads, and the balance to individuals.


About three-fourths of the area of the county is hilly or mountainous. The Arkansas River, which is navigable throughout the year, having an average width of a quarter of a mile, traverses the county (via Little Rock) in a general northwest and southeast direction, dividing its area into two nearly equal parts. From the point where this river crosses the line between Ranges 14 and 15 west, to the mouth of the Palarm River, in Sec- tion 13, Township 3 north, Range 14 west, it forms a portion of the northern boundary of the county; and it also forms a portion of the western boundary. of that portion of the county lying in Township 2 south. At two or more points within the county


362


HISTORY OF ARKANSAS.


it has changed from its original bed. Originally, in its southward course, it nearly touched what is now the base-line, about a mile west of the line dividing Ranges 10 and 11 west: then turning eastward and southward it encompassed about three sections of land and returned to within a short distance of its departure to the east, and there turned again to the southward. At this point the new channel cuts across and shortens the river several miles. At another point in the west central part of Township 2 south, Range 10 west, and the east central part of Township 2 south, Range 11 west, the old bed of the river, extending to the westward, encireles about a section of land which is included in Pulaski County. Other changes have been made.


Palarm River, flowing from the north, crosses the northern line of Section 5, Township 3 north, Range 13 west, and runs thence south and south- west to the Arkansas River, into which it empties in Section 13, Township 3 north, Range 14 west, thus far forming a part of the northern boundary of the county. White Oak Creek, another tribu- tary of the Arkansas from the north, empties into it in Section 18, Township 2 north, Range 12 west. There are several other tributaries of the Arkansas within the county from the north. Kel- logg Creek rises in the northern part of Township 4 north, Range 11 west, and flows southerly and southeasterly, and together with other creeks it forms Bayou Meto, which flows to the eastward, and passes out near the line dividing Townships 2 and 3 north. Big Maumelle River rises mostly in the extreme western portion of the county, and flows eastwardly in Township 3 north, and emp- ties into the Arkansas near the northeast corner of Section 2, Township 2 north, Range 14 west. Little Maumelle River is formed by tributaries from the west in Township 2 north. and flowing eastwardly it empties into the Arkansas in Section 22, Township 2 north, Range 13 west. Fourche Bayou heads near Alexandria, and flows in a north- easterly direction toward Little Rock, passing south of the corporate limits and eastward to with- in a mile and a half of Arkansas River, then changes to a southwesterly, southerly and south-


easterly direction and empties into a bayou or cut- off of the Arkansas in Section 14, Township 1 south, Range 11 west. It has many small tributaries, and runs between Little Rock and the Fourche Mountains on the south. The foregoing are the most important streams of the county. The Arkansas and its tributaries form the principal drainage.


There are a few lakes in the lower lands of the county, the largest of which are Monoconut and Hill's, both lying east of Little Rock and near the eastern boundary of the county, in the valley of the Arkansas. In the hilly portions of the county there are many springs, the waters of which are clear and pure. There are also chalybeate and sul- phur springs here, but no health resorts have been established. At most places good well water can be obtained at a moderate depth, and the well and spring water is principally soft. Upon the whole the county is well supplied with excellent water for all purposes.


The valleys lie along the streams and their trib- utaries already described, the largest being along the Arkansas, and the greater portion of valley land in the southeastern part of the county. The hilly or mountainous portions lie on both sides of the Arkansas and between its tributaries, and are quite broken and uneven.


About half the county-that part south of the river-grows hard pine, and white oak obtains on the creeks and on both sides of the Arkansas River. The cypress is pretty well used up, but some can be found in brakes upon narrow strips of wet land, on the banks of lakes and sluggish bayous in the alluvial parts of the county. Here also can be found the hickory, ash and red gum trees in abundance. [Home Seeker's Guide to Arkansas. ] Other varieties, such as black and honey locust, persimmon. black gum, elm, syca- more, black walnut, all the varieties of oak, red cedar, etc., abound within these limits.


High water mark on the Arkansas at Little Rock reaches to a point two feet below the top of the masonry of the draw pier of the lower rail- road bridge, and the difference between the high | and low water marks at this point is thirty three


-


yours Truly to E. 18. English


365


PULASKI COUNTY.


feet. The high water mark is 256 feet above the sending off a few subordinate spurs: rather flat on the top. expanded at its widest part near the middle of the range to two miles, and diminishing in width both to the northeast and southwest. In this region. on the southwest quarter of Section 4, Township 1 south, Range 12 west, is an old dig- ging made in search of gold. The explorers seem to have penetrated the rock for about fifteen feet, and found only some crusts of oxide of iron. On the southwest quarter of Section 9, in the same township and range, are old Spanish diggings, where, as well as in Section 4. considerable search was made for gold. Gulf of Mexico; the point at the intersection of Main and Markham Streets, 282 feet; the intersec- tion of Main and Twenty fourth Streets, 377 feet; Capital Hill, 457 feet, and the reservoir of the water works. 502 feet above the Gulf. The hill at the old toll bridge on Palarm River is 250 feet above the bed of the stream, and "The Pinnacle," a mountain peak situated immediately south of the line dividing Townships 2 and 3 north, and about a mile west from the Arkansas River, was found to be. according to the late geologist, Prof. David Dale Owen, by the aneroid barometer measurement. 770 feet above the Arkansas River. He also de- clared it to be one of the highest points in Pulaski County. The city of Little Rock is crescented with mountains with the points and opening toward the southeast.


An extensive mineral belt of Arkansas extends through Pulaski County from its northern bound- ary in Range 11 west, in a southerly direction, pass- ing by Little Rock, and thence in a southwesterly direction until it leaves the county. The most important mineral locality, according to Prof. Owen, is situated on Kellogg's Creek, ten miles north of Little Rock, and known as the " Kellogg Lead Mines." Large quantities of lead were taken from these mines in a very early day. In this vicinity several shafts have been sunk, and a con- siderable quantity of copper pyrites found amongst the rubbish thrown therefrom, leading to the con- clusion that good veins of this ore might be reached. The analysis of two samples of lead from the Kellogg mines gave the following result: No. 1, a bright crystalline looking ore, gave, by reduction, 81.7 per cent of metallic lead. By cupellation this lead gave a silver bead weighing 1.06 per cent of the lead employed, which is equal to 339.2 ounces of silver in a ton of 2,000 pounds. No. 2, a porous, fine-grained ore, with particles of tale disseminated, gave 73.45 per cent of metallic lead; this, by cupellation, gave 0.7 per cent of silver, equal to 224 ounces in a ton of 2,000 pounds. The so-called "Fourche Cove" is, in fact, a ridge of from 200 to 360 feet in height, ranging northeast and southwest, and


There are several important localities of lim- onite iron ore in Pulaski County, one of the most important being in Section 11, Township 1 south, Range 12 west. Another fine locality of iron ore is near Fourche Creek, in Section 18, Township 1 south, Range 13 west. On these sections large blocks of fine pistolate iron ore, more than a man could lift, have been found on the surface. Iron ore, copper, manganese and roofing slate have been found in great abundance in various places on the "mineral belt," in the southwest part of the county. Tertiary limestone is found in the vicinity of Little Rock, and on the banks of Crooked and Fourche Creeks, and blue and gray limestones occur on Caney Creek. In sight of " The Pinnacle," on the Arkansas River, near the mouth of Big Maumelle, are the Natural Steps, formed by two prominent walls of hard sand- stone standing on edge, having between them about twenty feet of reddish, contorted, and fract- ured argillaceous shales, with segregations of iron ore, the southeast wall being flanked on the south- east by a similar mass of shale, at least 100 feet exposed. These masses of shale have crumbled away and formed steep, smooth banks, from which the "Natural Steps" project forth in bold relief. Seen from the river at a distance, they have a won- derfully artificial appearance, looking like steps laid by regular masonry, and form a remarkable feature in the landscape.


In the vicinity of Little Rock are mountains of granite, of the quality used in the construction of the Pulaski County court house. This stone has


×


366


HISTORY OF ARKANSAS.


a bluish color, and when finished to a smooth sur- face resembles marble. For beauty and durability it is unsurpassed by any building stone in the world.


Large tracts of level land exist over the area of the shales, from which the soil has been chiefly derived in this county. Where the reddish-colored ferruginous shales prevail, the land is productive and easily cultivated; but where the purely argil- laceous shales exist, the soil is still refractory, and inclined to be sprouty, and difficult to bring into good condition for cultivation; however, when subdued, it becomes fertile. The flat clay lands, in their wild state, support a luxuriant growth of "barren grass," excellent for stock. The timber is mostly post oak and gum. The soil of the hill land is mostly derived from the sandstone of the millstone grit series, and is easily cultivated, though not so productive as the bottom lands. The prin- cipal growth of timber on the highlands consists of white, red and black oaks, black hickory and black- jack oak [Owen's Geology ]. The soil of much of the Arkansas River bottom lands is exceedingly sandy, very productive and easily cultivated, and produces cotton and corn in great abundance.


The resources of Pulaski County are varied and numerous, but for the want of capital many of them have only been developed to a limited extent, and some of them practically not at all. Extensive forests of valuable timber are still standing, and the prospects are that this timber will not be shipped away in the log and as timber, but that the extensive manufactories recently established at Little Rock will use it, and convert it into manu- factured articles for sale both at home and abroad. As before stated, the county is provided with mountains of coal, iron, manganese and other min- erals, as well as with the finest building stone any- where to be found. But these sources of wealth as yet are only slightly made use of. The recent increase in shipping facilities, and the increasing demand for these natural products will ultimately secure their development. Cotton and corn have been the chief products of the soil.


In 1880, according to the United States census, Pulaski had 2,154 farms, and 75,941 acres of improved land, and the amounts of cereal and veg-


etable productions of the county for the year 1879 were as follows: Indian corn, 369,911 bushels; oats, 32,976 bushels; rye, 245 bushels; wheat, 5,623 bushels; orchard products, $23,237; hay, 844 tons; cotton, 20,439 bales; Irish potatoes, 15,512 bushels; sweet potatoes, 25.935 bushels; tobacco, 4,965 pounds. Compared with other counties Pulaski then ranked as the fifth within the State in the production of cotton. the fourth in the production of Irish potatoes, and the third in the production of sweet potatoes. Excepting corn the other cereals were not extensively grown. as shown by the figures. The cereal and vegetable productions of the present year, 1889, will be given in the next United States census reports, and will be very interesting to compare with the figures here given, as showing a substantial and profitable increase.


In 1880 there were within the county's bound- aries 2,103 horses, 2,078 mules and asses, 10,115 neat cattle, 1,961 sheep and 18,245 hogs. In 1888 there were, as shown by the tax books, 3,612 horses, 3,681 mules and asses, 14,131 neat cattle, 1,757 sheep, and 11,661 hogs. These figures show a large increase in the number of all animals ex- cepting sheep and hogs. The decrease in the number of sheep and hogs is accounted for, espe- cially with the latter, by the fact that the number listed by the assessor included only those on hand when assessed, but did not. like the census report, cover those slaughtered and sold during the year. The number to be enumerated by the census-takers of 1890 will undoubtedly show a very great in- crease over the numbers in 1880. Improved breeds of stock have been introduced, and some farmers have discovered that it is profitable to raise less cotton and more stock.


On account of the continued strength of the soil to raise fair crops without being refertilized, and the extensive ranges for cattle where they can live nearly all the year without being fed, the farmers have neglected to cultivate clover and the tame grasses to any considerable extent. Clover, timothy, alfalfa, redtop and other tame grasses have been successfully raised as an experiment. A more diversified system of farming is needed.


L


367


PULASKI COUNTY.


Clover, especially, and the tame grasses should be extensively raised for the purpose of fertilizing the soil. The grass supply is the foundation of successful agriculture. Without grass there can be no stock, and without stock, no possibility of maintaining the fertility of the soil. The alpha and the omega of agriculture is found in the terse sentence, "More grass, more stock; more stock more grass." A fair measure of the agricultural prosperity of any people is the amount of the area in permanent pasture, or employed for restorative purposes in rotation. Considering the mildness of the climate, the fertility of the soil, and the convenient supply of good water, the opportunities for raising stock in Pulaski County are unsur- passed, and in addition thereto the shipping facili- ties to distant markets are excellent; hence the raising of live stock must eventually become a great source of income to the people of the county. This county having the capital of the State, a city now of 30,000 inhabitants, constantly growing and destined always to continue in growth, has a home market, making it a desirable place for the small farmer, the grower of vegetables and small fruits.


The comparatively large amount of orchard products in the county, as shown by the census of 1880, proves that horticulture has not been neg- lected, though it has not been developed to any great extent. Nearly all the varieties of fruit com- mon to this latitude can be successfully raised here, and while the county may not be equal to the northwestern counties of the State in the production of larger fruits, it is unsurpassed in the yielding of the smaller, and on account of the excellent home market, and the great facilities for reaching the distant city markets, the propagation of the lat- ter is especially profitable. Horticulture is another valuable source of income to the people of Pulaski County, and is susceptible of being made much more so. The various fountains of revenue are numerous and may be classified as the agricultural, the raising of live stock, horticultural, the mineral, manufacturing, etc. Here are splendid oppor- tunities for the capitalist to develop the mineral and manufacturing resources, and for the man of




Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.