USA > Idaho > History of Washington, Idaho, and Montana : 1845-1889 > Part 40
USA > Montana > History of Washington, Idaho, and Montana : 1845-1889 > Part 40
USA > Washington > History of Washington, Idaho, and Montana : 1845-1889 > Part 40
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Klikitat county, which was established Dee. 20, 1859, has an area of 2,088 square miles. The county seat was first temporarily located on the land claim of Alfred Allen. First co. com., Alfred Allen, Richard Tartar, and Jacob Halstead; probate judge, Willis Jenkins; sheriff, James Clarke; auditor, Nelson Whitney; assesser, Edwin Grant; treasurer, William Mnr- phy; justice of the peace, John Nelson. Wash. Stat., 1859-60, 420-1. The boundary of this county was changed in Jan. 1861 by extending the west line north to the north-east corner of Skamania eo., and thence east to a point dne north of the mouth of Rock Creek, thence to the Columbia, and back throngh the middle of the river to the place of beginning. The county seat was then located 'upon the land of G. W. Phillips,' until fixed by a majority of the legal voters of said county at a general election. Nelson was then appointed probate judge, Jenkins treasurer, Phillips auditor, W. T. Waters sheriff, James H. Hermains, A. Waters, and A. Davis co. com., C. J. McFarland, S. Peasly, and W. T. Murphy justices of the peace. In Jan. 1867 the county seat was located at Rockland by legislative enactment, but subject to be changed by a majority of votes at the next election. A new set of officers were appointed to hold until others should be elected. Rockland remained the county seat until it was removed to Goldendale. This county contains the Yakima Indian reservation. It had a population in 1871 of 2,898, and taxable property to the amount of $732,737. New Tacoma N. P. Coast, Feb. 1, ISSO.
Skamania, which embraces the mountainous region of the Cascades, was established in 1854 by the first territorial legislature, can never be a populous county. Its area is 2,300 square miles, pop. 495, and tax- able property $143,793. Co. seat Lower Cascades. Clarke co., whose his- tory has been often referred to, has an area of 725 square miles, pop. 4,294, taxable property $924,100. County seat Vancouver. Cowlitz, set off from Lewis in 1854, has an area of 1,100 square miles, a pop. of 1,S10, and taxable property to the amount of $938,170. Co. seat Kalama. Wahkiakum co., established in 1854, has an area of 360 square miles, population 504, taxable property $158,606. County seat at Cathlamet. Pacific co., organized in 1851 by the Or. legislature, has an area of 550 square miles, pop. 1,315, taxable property $379,258. Co. seat Oysterville. Thurston co., established in 1852 by the Or. leg., has an area of 750 square miles, a pop. of 3,246, and taxable property amounting to $1,628,108. Co. seat Olympia. Lewis co., established in 1845 by the Or. leg., has an area of 1,800 square miles, pop. 2,095, taxable
359
WHATCOM COUNTY.
property $743,571 County seat Chehalis. Id. Chehalis co., established in 1854, has an area of 2,800 square miles, pop. 808, taxable property $304,801. County seat Montesano. Mason county, organized as Sawamish in 1854, has a present area of 900 square miles, pop. 560, taxable property $570,331. Co. seat Oakland. Pierce co. was organized by the Or. leg. in 1852. It has an area of 1,800 square miles, a pop. of 2,051, and taxable property to the amount of $1,669,444. Co. seat Steilacoom, later changed to New Tacoma. King co., established in 1852, has an area of 1,900 square miles, pop. 5,183, taxable property $1,997,679. Co. seat Scattle. Snohomish co. was established in 18G1. The first com., E. C. Ferguson, Henry McClurg, and John Hervey; sheriff, Jacob Summers; auditor, J. D. Fowler; probate judge, Charles Short; treasurer, John Harvey. The co. seat was located at Point Elliot, or Mukil- teo, until it should be changed by election of the voters of the county. Its present county seat is Snohomish City; area of the county 1,000 square miles, pop. 1,080, taxable property $390,354. Whatcom co. was first organized in March 1854 out of a portion of Island co. The next leg. located the co. seat at the land claim of R. V. Peabody until the com. should select a site. Wash. Stat., 1854, 475. Arca 3,840 square miles, pop. 2,331, taxable property $735,003. Co. seat Whatcom, on the Peabody claim.
The earliest settler in Whatcom co. was William Jarman, an Englishinan formerly in the service of the H. B. Co., who located himself on the Samish River in 1852. To Whatcom co. belong certain islands of the Haro or Fuca archipel- ago, one of which is Lummi Island, 9 miles long by 12 miles wide, the south end being a bold eminence rising 1,560 feet, and the north end level forest land. There is also an island, or delta, formed by the two mouths of the Nootsack River, on which is the reservation of the Nootsacks. Christian Tutts was the first permanent settler on Lummi. Samish Island is 3} miles long, lies east and west, and varies in width from 25 rods about the middle to 260 rods at the western, and a mile at its eastern end. It was set- tled first in 1870, by Daniel Dingwall, followed by a number of farmers. Bel- lingham Bay Mail, April 6, 1875. Fidalgo Island contains about 25,000 acres, and combines a remarkable variety of scenery, soil, and climate. The eastern portion, fronting on Swinomish Slough, is connected with the main island only by a narrow peninsula, and is occupied as the reservation of the Swinomish Indians, containing about 7,000 acres. The first white settlement was made on Fidalgo Bay, probably, by William Monks. The island has a number of bays offering attractions for settlement-Simelk, Fidalgo, Padilla, and Squaw bays. Mount Erie, 1,250 feet high, rises about 2 miles south-west of the head of Fidalgo Bay. Lake Erie, and several small lakes, add diver- sity to the landscape. Morse's Wash. Ter., MS., xvi. 25-6. Guemes Island, first settled in 1862 by J. F. Mathews, contains about 7,000 acres, most of which is occupied. There is a post-office and steamboat landing on Ship Harbor channel. There is a copper mine on this island, discovered by Hugh D. O. Bryant, born in Georgia, one of the Or. pioneers of 1843. He removed to Puget Sound in 1853, residing first at Olympia, but settling on Guemes Island in 1866. The copper mine is on his farm, and was located and tested in 1875. It is in the hands of a stock company at present. Cypress Island was settled in 1869, by J. M. Griswold. It is about five miles long and three miles wide, has a mountain 1,525 feet high, with lakes and diversified scen- ery. Only a small portion of the land is tillable. Secret Harbor, Strawberry Bay, and Eagle Harbor are the scttlements. Sheep-raising and fishing are the industries of the island. Sinclair Island, sometimes called Cottonwood, lies between Cypress and Lummi islands, containing an area of 1,050 acres, of which 1,000 are cultivable. It was settled by A. C. Kittles in 1868. Kit- tles went from Cal. to the Fraser mines, thence to Orcas and Fidalgo islands, and finally here. He keeps cattle and sheep. There were no white women on Sinclair or Cypress islands in 1885. The first settlement on Skagit River was made in 1859 by William H. Sortwell, formerly of Snohomish. On the Noot- sack the first resident was Patterson, who cut the first cattle-trail from where Renton now stands. There are many Swedes and Norwegians on the Skagit and Swinomish, who make excellent farmers.
360
COUNTIES AND TOWNS.
Island co. was established in Jan. 1853, just before the organization of the territory. Its first limits were very indefinite, and Whatcom county was taken off from it. Its present area is 250 square miles, embracing Camano and Whidbey islands. The area of the latter is 115,000 acres, of the former 30,000. Pop. 633; taxable property $372,821. Co. seat Coupeville.
San Juan county was established October 1873, being constituted of the islands of the Haro archipelago, containing an area of 280 square miles, pop- ulation of 838, and taxable property to the amount of $182,147. Co. seat San Juan.
Boundary Bay
PERoberts
Siminhmoge
Birch Bay
L. Terrill
Whitehorn PUS
Cp
"Trudder
I
SATURNA
Sandy Pt
Lunimi
Whatcom
Bellingham
ushome
WALDRONI 1+
LUVMI !
G
OR
Orcas
PRESS
BLAKE
GUEMESI
Ghenie's
Z
Anacorteza
FIDALGO L
T
TORIA
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SMITHS-I.D. WIE
Cape Church
ILH
Oak Harbor
Utsaladry
Partridge PIE
Coveland
CAMANO
THE HARO ARCHIPELAGO.
San Juan co. was in dispute between Eng. and the U. S. when, during the Fraser River excitement, it received a first rapid accession of American pop- ulation. Many of these settlers will hardly come under the Washington Pioneer Society's rule for pioneers, yet to all intents and purposes belong to that class, and deserve mention. C. Rosler was a soldier in Co. D, 9th U. S. infantry, under Captain Pickett, from 1855 to 1860. After his discharge he settled on the island of San Juan. Robert Frasier settled in November 1859. He came to the coast in 1856, and went to Fraser River in 1848. D. W. Oaks, a native of Maine, went to the Fraser mines in 1858 from Cal., and returning settled on the island three weeks before Pickett landed with Am. troops, and helped to raise the first Am. flag. McGarry was another settler of 1859, whose widow remained on the island. S. V. Boyce, a returned miner of 1859, erected the first building in the town of San Juan. Charles Mckay and Henry Quinlan also selected homes on the island the same year.
SALTSPRING OR
ADMIRAL 1.
PENDER P
2
0
VER
SAN JUAN 1.
LOPEZ
WHIDBEY I.
RACE_12
361
CLALLAM COUNTY AND SEATTLE.
Frederick Jones came to Puget Sound in 1854, left in 1856, returned in 1858, and settled on the east side of San Juan Island, south of Friday Harbor. He is a sheep-farmer and fruit-grower. Rev. Thomas J. Weeks, the first prot- estant minister to settle on San Juan, acquired title after the abandonment of Camp Pickett to the quarters formerly occupied by the officer in command, and he and Robert Firth secured possession of this historic ground. Morse's Wash. Ter., MS., xv. 36-42. Morse gives many other names from 1862 to 1870. The part of the settlement has been made since 1870.
Clallam co. was organized by the first ter. leg. in April 1854. Its area is 2,050 square miles, population 469, taxable property $154,351, co. seat New Dungeness. New Tacoma, N. P. Coast, Feb. 1, 1880. Jefferson co. was es- tablished in 1852 by the Or. leg. Its area is 2,500 square miles, population 1,427, taxahle property, $469,161, co. seat Port Townsend. Kitsap co. was established iu Jan. 1857, under the name of Slaughter, in memory of the gal- lant officer of that name who defended the firesides of the early settlers against the hostile chief whose name the com. finally adopted, and whose home was on the peninsula which constituted the co. between Admiralty In- let and Hood Canal. The first board of co. com. were Daniel S. Howard, G. A. Meigs, and Cyrus Walker; sheriff, G. A. Page; auditor, Delos Waterman; assessor, S. B. Hines; treasurer, S. B. Wilson; justices of the peace, William Hubner, William Renton, and M. S Drew. Wash. Stat., 1856-7, 52. A sup- plementary act provided that the legal voters of Slaughter co. should at the next annual election decide upon a name for the county, which they did. A third act appointed Henry C. Wilson probate judge for the county. The area of Kitsap is 540 square miles, pop. 1,799, taxable property $1,044,673, co. seat Port Madison. Quillehyute co. was created in Jan. 1868, out of that portion of the coast south of the Quiliehyute River, north of Chehalis co., and west of the Olympic range; but there being not pop. enough to fill the co. offices, the act was repealed the following year. Wash. Stat.
Taking the population and wealth of the first district, which is purely an agricultural one, and comparing it with that of the other two, which are largely commercial, it appears, according to the statistics for 1879, furnished by the co. officers, that eastern Washington had at that time a pop. in its six counties only five thousand less than western Washington with its eighteen counties, and had taxable property to the amount of $8,185,774, against $12,761,080 on the west side of the mountains. Four counties were organized since 1879 in the eastern division. The growth of the country on both sides of the Cascades has been rapid, almost doubling its population in five years, and adding 50 per cent to its capital, which in a new country is a large increase.
Seattle, the metropolis of Washington, in 1880 had 7,000 inhabitants, and property valued at something over four millions. Its manufactures com- prised three ship-yards, three founderies, two breweries, one tannery, three boiler-shops, six sash and door factories, five machine-shops, six saw-mills, three brick-yards, three fish-packing factories, one fish cannery, one barrel factory, one ice factory, one soda-water factory, besides boot and shoe shops, tin-shops, and other minor industries. The commerce of Seattle with the coast line of settlements was considerable; but the chief export is coal from the mines east of Lake Washington. There were few public buildings except churches, of which there were ten, besides the hall and reading-room of the Young Men's Christian Association. The university, whose early history has been given, was in as flourishing a condition as an institution withont a plentiful endowment could be. In connection with the university there was a society of naturalists numbering 23 young men, whose cabinet was valued at $3,000. The building occupied by their cabinet was furnished by A. A. Denny, to be enlarged as required. The officers were: W. Hall, president; E. S. Meany, vice-president; H. Jacobs, secretary; F. M. Hall, assistant secretary; C. L. Denny, librarian; A. M. White, treasurer; and J. D. Young, marshal. Seattle Evening Herald, Dec. 22, 1883. The lesser towns of King county are: Newcastle, Renton, Dwamish, Black River, Fall City, Slaughter, White River, Snoqualimich, Squak, Quilleyute, and Quillieene.
362
COUNTIES AND TOWNS.
The second town in size on Puget Sound in 1885 was New Tacoma, popu- lation 4,000. Old Tacoma, become a suburb of its younger rival, was a pretty village facing the bay around a point a little to the west of the new town. The first to project a town on Commencement Bay was Morten M. McCarver, who belonged to the Oregon immigration of 1843. In 1868 he visited Puget Sound in search of the probable terminus of the Northern Pacific railway, and fixed upen Commencement Bay. Together with L. M. Starr and James Steele he purchased the land of Job Carr and laid off the town of old Tacoma, built a house, and induced Ackerson and Hanson to erect a mill there. He gave 200 or 300 acres to the railroad company, and purchased sev- eral thousand more for them, the terminus being located, as it was believed, on this land July 14, 1873. He died April 17, 1875. Letter of Mrs Julia A. McCarver, in Historical Correspondence, MS. McCarver was born in Lexing- ton, Ky, Jan. 14, 1807. He settled in Galena, Ill., in 1830. He took part in the Black Hawk war, founded the town of Burlington, Iowa, had a stake in Chicago and Sacramento, but lost heavily by fire in Idaho, and suffered by the failure of Jay Cooke & Co. Pacific Tribune, April 23, 1875; Portland Welcome, March 28, 1875; Olympia Courier, April 24, 1875; Or. City Enter- prise, April 23, 1873; Gilbert's Legging and R. R. Building. Tacoma was called by Ackersen after the Indian name of Mount Tokomah, meaning great- ness. Wash. Scraps, 230. New Tacoma was laid out principally on the dona- tion claim of Peter Judson of the immigration of 1853, while old Tacoma site was purchased from Job Carr, a more recent settler. New Tacoma owes its first rapid growth to the promise of the manipulators of the Northern Pacific railroad to make it the terminus. It was laid out by Ex-surveyor- general James Tilton and Theodore Hosmer on the heights overlooking the bay, about two miles south-east of the old town, and was divided into 500 blocks of six lots each, and planned by Olmstead, modelled after Melbourne. The site is fine, being high above the water, with the Puyallup Valley at its door and Mount Tacoma rearing its triple crest high above the Cascade range directly to the east, and seeming not an hour's journey away. The first municipal election of New Tacoma was held on Monday, June 8, 1874. Job Carr, A. C. Campbell, J. W. Chambers, A. Walters, and S. C. Howes were elected town trustees. It was chosen the seat of Pierce county in 1880. Tacoma Tribune, June 12, 1874.
Olympia in 1885 was next to New Tacema in point of population, number- ing 3,500. The first land claim taken on the site was located iu 1846 by Levi L. Smith, and held in partnership with Edmund Sylvester. First cos- tom-house established at Olympia Nov. 10, 1851. First weekly mail to the Columbia from this place in 1851; first mail from here down the Sound car- ried in 1854. First newspaper published here Sept. 11, 1852. First store or American trading-house opened here by M. T. Simmons in 1850. There had been a trading-house on the east side of Budd Inlet previously, at the catho- lic mission. The first child born in Olympia was a son to S. P. Moses, the first collector of customs. The first marriage of Americans in the territory was at Tumwater, a suburb of Olympia, in 1848, between Daniel D. Kinsey and Ruth Brock, M. T. Simmons officiating. First school in the territory taught in 1852, in a small building on the site of the present post-office, by A. W. Moore. First term of court held on Puget Sound-except the extraor- dinary one of 1849-was held at Olympia Jan. 20, 1852. The first session of the legislature was held in the building now occupied by Breckenfield as a tobacco-store. First town incorporated on Puget Sound was Olympia, in 1859. First trustees were George A. Barnes, Joseph Cushman, James Cush- man, T. F. McElroy, and Elwood Evans. First marshal, W. H. Mitchell. Wash. Standard, Jan. 13, 1872. First hotel put up in 1851, the Columbian, was torn down in 1872. Olympia Transcript, March 9, 1872. Swanton, a suburb of Olympia, separated from it only by a creek, and a thriving village, was named after John M. Swan, its original proprietor, and a nurseryman. Sylvester's Olympia, MS., 11; Morse's Wash. Ter., MS., ii. 22; Olympia Club, MS., 1-20. The first brick building erected in Olympia was the banking-
363
RAILROADS.
house of George A. Barnes, one of its earliest settlers, the plan being furnished by R. A. Abbott, and the structure completed in 1870. Other brick build- ings followed in the business portion of the town, but wood is still the ma- terial chiefly in use for architectural purposes, from which circumstance the place has been subjected to loss by several devastating fires.
AFORT COLVILLE
Columbia R.
Spokane R.
CAMP CHELAN (OLO)
CAMP SPOKANE
SPOKANE FALLS
Cottonwood Spr ..
ROSALIA
WALTON
Steptoeo
RITZVILLE
Fine
COLFAX
EllensburgÂș
Kittitas
Palouse
Union Flat
PENEWAWA
ALMOTE
YAKIMA
Priest Rapids
TUKANNON
WAITSBURG
yello DAYTON
Touchee Cr.
AINSWORTH
Whitman
Mt.St.Helens 9,570 ft.
WALLUL
WALLA WALLA
River
MILTONS
Columbia
CAYOTE
UMATILLA
FLANGS
WILLOWS
CASTLE ROCK
Blalocks
QUINNS
HITHE DALLES
CELILO
DAYS
LA GRANDE
RAILROADS OF EASTERN WASHINGTON.
Previous to the location of the railroad the people of Olympia had expected that their city would be the terminal point, founding their expectations upon the natural advantages of the place, the importance of Tumwater Falls to manufactures, and nearness to the Columbia and Portland, to which place the company's charter compelled them to build their road. But as steam had ren- dered manufactures comparatively independent of water-power, railroad companies preferred to select town sites for themselves, and there was the certainty that whenever a railroad should be constructed over the Cascade Mountains it would seek a terminus nearer the strait of Fuca. These and other considerations caused the company to fix upon Tacoma, whence at any time they could withdraw to a still more northern terminus.
The location of their line fifteen miles east of Olympia, and the depression in business to which this action led, left the town almost stationary for several years. Ellicott's Puget Sound, MS., 7-8. In the mean time a grant was ob- tained from congress by the Olympia Branch Railroad to 1,300 or 1,400 acres
ak akima
Texas Ferry GRANGE CY .!
Mt.Rainier 14.444 ft.
Pataha
Mt.Adams
WESTON
BLUE MOUNTAIN
PENDLETON
364
COUNTIES AND TOWNS.
of tide-flats at the south end of Budd Inlet, and connection made with the Northern Pacific, in 1878.
Samuel Holmes, who came to Puget Sound in 1852, died at Swanton Nov. 5, 1873, aged 56 years. F. K. Perkins, a settler of 1852, died at Susan- ville, in Cal., after 20 years' residence in Olympia, July 22, 1872. Levi Shelton, a native of North Carolina, immigrated to Puget Sound in 1852, re- siding at Olympia and taking part in public affairs. He died in August 1878, aged 62 years. James Allen, who settled in Washington in 1852, died at Olympia in Nov. 1868, aged 74 years. Dr Uzal G. Warbass, born in New Jersey April 4, 1822, came to Washington in 1854, settling in Olympia in 1858. He served as surgeon in the Indian war of 1855-6, was a representa- tive in the legislature, and territorial treasurer, besides practising medicine. He died in July 1863. Dr G. K. Willard was born in New York, and came to the Pacific coast in 1852, settling in Olympia. He was surgeon-general under Stevens in 1856. His death occurred in Dec. 1866. H. R. Woodward, born in N. Y., emigrated from Mich. in 1852, settling near Olympia. He was a scientific agriculturist. He died in Nov. 1872. Joseph Shaw came to Pnget Sound at the age of 21, and settled on the east side of Budd Inlet, about 4 miles below Olympia. He was accidentally killed in July 1869. G. W. Dan- lap, born in Maine, was educated at Bowdoin college, from which he graduated in 1845. He shipped before the mast on a whaler from New York in 1847, cruis- ing in the Pacific two years, and residing for a period in Honolulu as book- keeper to a mercantile firm. In 1854 he came to Puget Sound as agent for this house, but remained and went into business for himself at Olympis. For a few months he was clerk of the Indian department under Kendall. He died June 16, 1862, aged 36 years, and every business house in Olympia closed its doors on the day of his funeral. Silas Galliher immigrated to Olympia from the western states in 1854 with his family. He built the Tacoma House and conducted it for 19 years. His death occurred in April 1873, at the age of 46. His wife and six children survived him. J. H. Kellet, another pioneer of Olympia, died in April 1873. He was for many years sheriff of Thurston co., and a successful tradesman. Gideon Thompson, born in Ohio in 1829, came to Washington in 1857, settling 3} miles from Olympia; died in October 1861. Isaac Wood, who settled in Olympia in 1857, died April 16, 1869. Thomas James, born in England in 1838, emigrated thence to the U. S. in 1842, and to Washington in 1851, settling near Olympia with his parents after a tempo- rary residence in Victoria. He died in Feb. 1872. William F. O. Hoover, a settler of 1852, died suddenly of heart disease in Oct. 1875, aged 59 years. Charles Graham, born in N. Y., came to the Pacific coast in 1850, and in 1852 to Puget Sound, residing in Thurston and Mason counties down to the time of his demise in Feb. 1877, at the age of 78 years. Jared S. Hurd, born in N. Y., came to Olympia in 1852 or 1853 from Cal. He was a civil engineer and surveyor. In the Indian war of 1855-6 he served as maj. of vol. He died in May 1873. Edwin Marsh, a native of Conn., came to Olympis about 1851 and took a claim on the west side of the inlet, which was sometimes called Marshville. He was employed for a short time in 1862 on the Queniult reservation, but with that exception resided constantly in Olympia. He was appointed register of the land-office by President Lincoln, which office he held until 1868. He was afterward incumbent of several municipal offices, and was justice of the peace in 1879, when he mysteriously disappeared, and it was conjectured that he might have committed suicide in a despondent mood occasioned by ill health. A pioneer of Thurston co. was Steven Hodgdon, who was born in Portland, Maine, in 1807. He came to Cal. in 1849, and in IS51 to Washington, where he was industriously employed as a carpenter, and took a donation claim of 640 acres st the present site of Tenino. He lived on his land most of the time until his death, Sept. 26, 1882. His only child was married to J. H. Long of Chehalis. Asher Sarjent was an immigrant of 1850, accompanied by his sons E. N. and A. W. Ssrjent. In 1852 he re- turned to the east and brought out his wife and remaining children-a son and two daughters-being captain of a company of 25 families in 1853. Nelson
363
TUMWATER AND VANCOUVER.
Sarjent met them on the new immigrant road through the Nachess Pass and piloted them through. Sarjent took up a claim on Mound prairie, where he resided during the remainder of his life, except a brief period when he was on the Queen Charlotte Island expedition and a prisoner among the northern Indians. He was born in Maryland, but when young removed to Indiana. Olympia Standard, Feb. 16, 1883. Other immigrants settled on Mound prairie in 1854; namely, Van Warmer, Goodell, and Judson. Ebey's Journal, MS., ii. 108. An examination of the map in the sur .- gen.'s office shows claims to have been taken under the donation law on Budd Inlet, or near it, by D. E. Bumtrager, E. L. Allen, John Butler, G. W. French, B. F. Brown, M. Hurd, T. B. Dickerson, E. W. Austin, W. Dobbins, S. Percival, Waison, S. Hays, Nelson Barnes, R. M. Walker, E. H. Wilson, L. Offut, J. C. Head, G. Agnew, D. R. Bigelow, C. H. Hale, Pascal Ricard, Hugh P. O'Bryant, G. Whitworth, D. Hays, W. Billings, A. Moore, W. Lyle, and Dofflemeyer, in addition to the pioneers above named.
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