USA > Ohio > Historical collections of Ohio in three volumes ; an encyclopedia of the state : with notes of a tour over it in 1886 contrasting the Ohio of 1846 with 1886-90, Vol. III > Part 21
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Leaves His Old Haunts .- In 1838 he re- solved to go farther on. Civilization was making the wilderness to blossom like the rose ; villages were springing up ; stage- coaches laden with travellers were common ; schools were everywhere ; mail facilities were very good ; frame and brick houses were tak- ing the places of the humble cabins ; and so poor Johnny went around among his friends
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RICHLAND COUNTY.
and bade them farewell. The little girls he had dandled upon his knees and presented with beads and gay ribbons, were now mothers and the heads of families. This must have been a sad task for the old man, who was then well stricken in years, and one would have thought that he would have preferred to die among his friends.
He came back two or three times to see us all, in the intervening years that he lived ;
the last time was in the year that he died, 1845.
His bruised and bleeding feet now walk the gold-paved streets of the New Jerusalem, while we so brokenly and crudely narrate the sketch of his life-a life full of labor and pain and unselfishness; humble unto self- abnegation ; his memory glowing in our hearts, while his deeds live anew every springtime in the fragrance of the apple- blossoms he loved so well.
An account of the death and burial of this simple-hearted, virtuous, self-sacri- ficing man, whose name deserves enrolment in the calendar of the saints, is given on page 260, Vol. I.
The following extract from a poem, by Mrs. E. S. Dill, of Wyoming, Hamil- ton county, Ohio, written for the Christian Standard, is a pleasing tribute to the memory of Johnny Appleseed :
Grandpa stopped, and from the grass at our feet, Picked up an apple, large, juicy, and sweet ; Then took out his jack-knife, and, cutting a slice, Said, as we ate it, "Isn't it nice
To have such apples to eat and enjoy ? Well, there weren't very many when I was a boy, For the country was new-e'en food was scant ; We had hardly enough to keep us from want, And this good man, as he rode around, Oft eating and sleeping upon the ground, Always carried and planted appleseeds- Not for himself, but for others' needs. The appleseeds grew, and we, to-day, Eat of the fruit planted by the way. While Johnny-bless him-is under the sod- His body is-ah ! he is with God ; For, child, though it seemed a trifling deed, For a man just to plant an appleseed, Che apple-tree's shade, the flowers, the fruit, Have proved a blessing to man and to brute. Look at the orchards throughout the land, All of them planted by old Johnny's hand. He will forever remembered be ; I would wish to have all so think of me."
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BIOGRAPHY.
JOHN SHERMAN was born in Lancaster, Ohio, May 10, 1823. His parents were natives of Norfolk, Conn., and a few months after their marriage removed to Ohio. Charles Robert Sherman (the father of John Sherman) was a man of eminent legal abilities, a Judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio ; he died very sud- denly, leaving his widow with eleven children and but meagre means of support. John Sherman, the eighth child, was in the spring of 1831 taken to the home of his cousin, John Sherman, a merchant of Mount Vernon, Ohio, and placed at school. It is said that he was rather a wild and reckless boy, and that in their boyhood there seemed greater likelihood of John becoming a warrior and his brother William T. a statesman, than that they should occupy their present positions in life.
An Early Start in Life-In the spring of 1837, although but 14 years of age, John, anxious to become self-supporting, obtained a position as junior rodsman on the Muskin- gum river improvement. He was soon ad- vanced to a position of mnuch responsibility
at Beverly, requiring diligence and care in the performance of his duties ; and when, in 1839, he was removed because he was a Whig, he felt that the two years spent in this work, with its necessary study for accu- racy in details, the close attention to business
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RICHLAND COUNTY.
required, and the self-confidence inspired, had given him a better education than could have been obtained elsewhere in the same time.
As a Lawyer .- At 21 years of age (May 11, 1844), he was admitted to the bar, hav- ing studied law with his brother Charles, of Mansfield, Ohio, who admitted him to part- nership. The salient and conquering trait in his mind and character, together with an excellent knowledge of men and familiarity with the ways of the world, enabled him at once to secure a fine practice. Keeping his expenditures well within his earnings, he ac- quired the means of investing, a few years later, in a manufacturing enterprise, then new to that part of Ohio (flooring, sash, door and blind factory), that yielded him a hand- some profit for a number of years, and formed the nucleus of the comfortable property he has since acquired. (Notwithstanding the common impression, Senator Sherman is not what is called a rich man. )
Secretary of a Whig Convention .- In 1848 he was elected a delegate to the Whig Con- vention, held at Philadelphia. When organ- ized, he was made. secretary of the conven- tion on the motion of Col. Collyer, who said : "There is a young man here from Ohio, who lives in a district so strongly Democratie that he could never get an office unless this con- vention gave him one." Schuyler Colfax, being similarly situated in Indiana, was made assistant secretary. The convention nomi- nated Zachary Taylor, and Mr. Sherman can- vassed part of Ohio for him.
In August, 1848, Mr. Sherman was mar- ried with Miss Cecilia Stewart, only child of Judge Stewart, of Mansfield.
A Congressman .- In 1855 he was elected to Congress. His thorough acquaintance with public affairs ; his power as a ready, elear and forcible speaker ; his firm position on the questions then before the people, so soon made him a recognized leader. The great questions then were the Missouri Compro- mise, the Dred Scott decision, slavery in Kansas, the fugitive slave law, and the na- tional finances.
Mr. Sherman held clearly to the doctrines of the Republican party on the slavery ques- tion. He was appointed by N. P. Banks, then Speaker of the House, one of a commit- tee of three to investigate and report on the border-ruffian troubles in Kansas. The com- mittee visited Kansas and took testimony. They encountered rough treatment, and on one occasion all that saved the lives of the committee was the presence of United States troops at Fort Leavenworth. One day sixty armed men, dressed in the border style with red shirts and trousers, with bowie-knives and pistols in their boots, marched into the com- mittee room for the purpose of intimidating the eonnnittee. It was necessary that Mrs. Robinson, the wife of one of the members of the committee, should sceretly convey the testimony to Speaker Banks.
Mr. Howard, chairman of the committee, being unable through sickness to prepare the
report, it was prepared by Mr. Sherman, and when presented to the house created a great deal of feeling and intensified antagonisms ; it was made the basis of the campaign of 1856.
Opposition to Monopoly-An Authority on Finance .- During his first session in Con- gress Mr. Sherman showed the opposition to monopolists that he has since consistently maintained, by saying in the debate on the submarine telegraph, "I cannot agree that our government should be bound by any con- tract with any private incorporated company for fifty years ; and the amendment I desire to offer will reserve the power to Congress to determine the proposed contract after ten years.''
Ile was soon a recognized authority on finance, and watched all expenditures very closely ; the then prevalent system of making contracts in advance of appropriations was sternly denounced by him as illegal.
A Senator .- Mr. Sherman was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress. In 1859 he was the Republican candidate for Speaker, and came within three votes of an election. In 1860 he was again elected to Congress, and on the resignation of Sahnon P. Chase he was elected to his place in the Senate, taking his seat March 23, 1861. He was re-elected senator in 1867 and in 1873. In the Senate Senator Sherman was at the head of the Fi- nance Committee, and served also on com- mittees on agriculture, Pacific Railroad, the judiciary, and the patent office.
Mr. Sherman's greatest services to the country were during the war period, when his great financial genins was demonstrated in the system of finances adopted by our government, and of which he was chief in devising and advocating.
In 1862 he was the only member of the Senate to make a speech in favor of the Na- tional Bank bill, its final passage only being secured by the personal appeal of Secretary Chase to members opposed to it. In the same year, on a question of taxation, Senator Sherman said, "Taxes are more cheerfully paid now, in view of the mountain of calam- ity that would overwhelm us if the rebellion should succeed ; but when we have reached the haven of peace, when the danger is past, you must expeet discontent and complaint. The grim spectre of repudiation can never disturb us if we do our duty of taxpaying as well as our soldiers do theirs of fighting. And if, senators, you have thought me hard and close as to salaries and expenditures, I trust you will do me the justice to believe that it is not from any doubt of the ability of our country to pay, or from a base and selfish desire for cheap reputation, or from a disinclination to pay my share ; but beeanse I see in the dim future of our country the same uneasy struggle between capital and labor -- between the rich and the poor, between fund-holders and property-holders-that has marked the history of Great Britain for the last fifty years. I do not wish the public debt to be increased one dollar beyond the
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161
necessities of the present war ; and the only way to prevent this increase is to restrict our expenditures to the lowest amount consistent with the public service, and to increase our taxes to the highest aggregate our industry will bear."
In Army Service .- In 1861, during the recess of Congress, Mr. Sherman joined the Ohio regiments, then in Philadelphia, and was appointed aide-de-camp to Gen. Robert Patterson. He remained with them until the meeting of Congress in July. At the close of the extra session of the Senate he returned to Ohio and applied himself dili- gently to the raising of a brigade, which served during the whole war under the name of the "Sherman Brigade."
He was intending to resign his seat as sen- ator and enter the army, but was persuaded not to do so by President Lincoln and Secre- tary Chase, who felt that by remaining in the Senate his watchful care of public finances, his labors to provide for the support of the armies in the field and maintain and strengthen publie credit, would be of greater public ser- vice than any that could be rendered in the army.
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Resumption of Specie Payments .- In 1867 he introduced a refunding act, which was adopted in 1870, but without the resumption clause. From that time onward he was the conspicuous and chief figure in financial legis- lation consequent upon the war. In 1877 he was appointed Secretary of the Treasury by President Hayes. The crowning triumph of Mr. Sherman's policy was realized on Jan. 1, 1879, when specie payments were success- fully resumed, despite the most dismal fore- bodings of many prominent financiers.
In 1880 Mr. Sherman was a candidate for the Presidential nomination, his name being presented to the National Convention by Jas. A. Garfield, who subsequently received the nomination. In 1881 Mr. Sherman was again elected to the Senate and re-elected in 1887. In 1885 he was chosen President of the Senate pro tem. In 1884, and again in 1888. he was a prominent candidate for the Presidency ; being the leading candidate in the convention of 1888 until Benjamin Har- rison was nominated.
A Pure Statesman .- Mr. Sherman's ca- reer has been remarkably free from imputa- tion upon his integrity, but at the time of the Credit Mobilier investigation a charge was made by political opponents that he had amassed great wealth out of the war. These charges were speedily squelched.
stock, bond, or security, or business which could be affected by his action in Congress."
The period is probably coming when no memory will hold the long list of Presidents of these United States, while the name of John Sherman will be known in the memory of all generations : a statement we give in the hopeful view that the increased intelligence of the voting population will make their judgment of public men, and what consti- tntes character and patriotic service, more discriminating than in our day. Mr. Sher- man has published "Selected Speeches and Reports on Finance and Taxation, 1859- 1878.'
Judge JACOB BRINKERHOFF was born in 1810, in Niles, New York ; was educated to the law ; served as a Democratic member of Congress, from 1843 to 1847. He then be- came affiliated with the Free Soil party, and drew up the famous resolution introduced by David Wilmot, of Pennsylvania, and since known as the WILMOT PROVISO ; the original draft of which he retained until his death in 1880. He distributed several copies of this to the Free Soil members, with the under- standing that the one who first could catch the Speaker's eye should introduce it. Mr. Wilmot succeeded and received the historical honor by the attachment of his name, when it should have been the BRINKERHOFF PRO- VISO. Mr. Brinkerhoff served fifteen years on the Supreme Bench of Ohio, and would have given more service but for failing health and advancing years. He stood high as a jurist.
MORDECAI BARTLEY, the thirteenth gov- ernor of Ohio, was born in Fayette county, Pa., in 1783. In 1809 settled as a farmer in Jefferson county, Ohio, near the mouth of Cross creek. In the war of 1812 raised a company of volunteers under Harrison. After it, opened up a farm in the wilderness of Richland ; then from his savings engaged in merchandizing in Mansfield. From 1823 on served four terms in Congress, where he was the first to propose the conversion of the land grants of Ohio into a permanent, fund for the support of common schools. In 1844 was elected Governor of Ohio on the Whig ticket, and showed in his State papers marked ability. Declining a second nomination, he passed the remainder of his days in the prac- tice of law and in farming near the city. Ile died Oct. 10, 1870, aged eighty-three years.
WILLIAM LOGAN HARRIS, Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, deceased in New York city about the year 1888, was born near Mansfield, Nov. 4, 1817. " He was ed- neated at Norwalk Seminary, and entered the ministry September 7, 1837. In 1818 he be- came principal of Baldwin Institute, at Berea, Ohio. In 1851 he went to Delaware and took charge of the Academic Department of the Ohio Wesleyan University, and in 1852 was elected to its chair of chemistry and nat - ural history, which position he held for eight years. In 1860 he was elected assistant Cor- ciety, and was re-elected in 1864 and 1868.
" No man can say that Mr. Sherman ever, in the slightest degree, received any benefit from the government in any business opera- tion connected with the government, except the salary given him by law. It is a matter of public notoriety that no one could have been more stringent in severing his connec- tion with any transaction which by possibility could affect the government, or could be af- fected by pending legislation of Congress. Ile even carried this position to an extreme, . responding Secretary of the Missionary So- and never bought, or sold, or dealt in any
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RICHLAND COUNTY.
He was elected Bishop in 1872, at Brooklyn, and soon after went on a tour around the world, occupying eighteen months, in which he visited nearly every Methodist missionary station. He was a member of every quad- rennial General Conference from 1856 to 1872, and was Secretary of each session. In 1874 he was sent as delegate to the British Wes- leyan Conference. He received his degree
of D. D. from Allegheny College in 1856, and his LI. D. from Baldwin University in 1870. Ile again went abroad several times, visiting missionary stations. From 1874 to 1880 re- sided in Chicago and last in New York. Ile contributed largely to the periodical denomi- national literature, and was the author of a small but very useful work on "The Legal Power of the General Conference." .
BELLVILLE is ten miles south of Mansfield, on the L. E. Div. of the B. & O. R. R. The principal industries are the making of rattan baskets and carriages. It is a remarkably clean and neat village, the consequence of a fire which occurred Sept. 22, 1882. Gold is found in the neighborhood. Newspapers : Independent, Independent, J. W. Dowling, Jr., editor ; Star, Independent, E. A. Brown & Co., editors and publishers. Churches : 1 Episcopal Methodist, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Disciples, 1 Lutheran, 1 Universalist, 1 Seventh-day Baptist. Bank : Commer- cial, R. W. Bell, president ; J. B. Lewis, cashier. Population, 1880, 971. School census, 1888, 308.
INDEPENDENCE, Post-office Butler, is thirteen miles southeast of Mansfield, . on the L. E. Div. of the B. &. O. R. R. It has one Methodist Episcopal and one Evangelical church. Population, 1880, 394. School census, 1888, 190. L. L. Ford, superintendent of schools.
LEXINGTON is eight miles southwest of Mansfield, on the L. E. Div. of the B. & O. R. R. Population, 1880, 508. School census, 1888, 159. John Miller, superintendent of schools.
LUCAS is seven miles southeast of Mansfield, on the P., Ft. W. & C. R. R. It has one Congregational and one Lutheran church. Population, 1880, 381. School census, 1888, 203. D. K. Andrews, superintendent of schools.
PLYMOUTH is seventeen miles northwest of Mansfield, on the B. & O. R. R., and line of Huron county.
City officers, 1888 : A. O. Jump, Mayor ; W. F. Beekman, Clerk ; S. M. Rob- inson, Treasurer ; William McClinchey, Street Commissioner ; B. F. Tubbs, Mar- shal. Newspaper : Advertiser, Independent, J. F. Beelman, editor and publisher. Churches : 1 Methodist Episcopal, 1 Catholic, 1 Lutheran and 1 Presbyterian. Bank : First National, J. Brinkerhoff, president; William Monteith, cashier. Population, 1880, 1,145. School eensus, 1888, 208.
SHELBY is twelve miles northwest of Mansfield, at the junction of the C. C. C. & I. and B. & O. Railroads.
City officers, 1888 : Edwin Mansfield, Mayor ; J. W. Williams, Clerk ; T. H. Wiggins, Solicitor ; J. L. Pittinger, Treasurer ; S. C. Gates, Marshal. News- papers : Free Press, Independent, M. E. Dickerson, editor and publisher ; Inde- pendent News, Independent, C. E. Pettit, editor and publisher ; Times, Republi- can, J. G. Hill, editor and publisher. Churches : 1 United Brethren, 1 Catholic, 1 Lutheran, 1 Methodist, I Reformed, 1 Disciples, and 1 other. Bank : First National, W. R. Bricker, president ; B. J. Williams, cashier.
Manufactures and Employees .- F. Brucker, planing-mill, 6 hands ; Shelby Carriage Works, carriages, 8; Sutter, Barkdull & Co., furniture, 23; the Shelby Mill Company, flour, etc., 41 ; Heath Brothers, flour, etc., 4 .- State Report, 1888. .
Population, 1880, 1,871. School census, 1888, 601. J. Myers, superintendent. Capital invested in industrial establishments, $100,000. Value of annual product, $108,000 .- Ohio Labor Statistics, 1888.
SHILOH is fourteen miles northwest of Mansfield, on the C. C. C. & I. R. R. Newspapers : Gleaner, Independent, E. L. Benton, editor and publisher ; Review, Independent, Pottit & Frazier, editors and publishers. Churches : 1 Lutheran,. 1 United Brethren, 1 Episcopal Methodist. Bank : Exchange, Smith & Ozier.
Industries .- Tile and brick, grain and seed-mills, flour, egg storage.
deme al
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RICHLAND COUNTY.
Population, 1880, 661. School census, 1888, 269. C. H. Handley, superin- tendent of schools.
ROSS.
Ross COUNTY was formed by proclamation of Gov. St. Clair, August 20, 1798, being the sixth county formed in the Northwestern Territory. Its original limits were very extensive. It was named from the Hon. James Ross, of Allegheny county, Pa., who at that time was the unsuccessful candidate of the Federalists for the office of governor of that State. Much of the surface off from the valleys is hilly ; the land is generally good, and on the streams extremely fertile. The bottoms of the Scioto and Paint creek are famous for their abundant crops of corn. Much water-power is furnished by the various streams. The principal crops are corn, wheat and oats. It is also famed for its fine breeds of cattle, and has many swine.
Arca about 650 square miles. In 1887 the acres cultivated were 119,709; in pasture, 107,699 ; woodland, 68,852; lying waste, 10,534; produced in wheat, 571,366 bushels ; rye, 5,266 ; buckwheat, 90; oats, 98,214; barley, 7,420; corn, 1,671,704 ; broom corn, 11,500 lbs. brush ; meadow hay, 11,079 tons ; clover hay, 12,077 ; potatoes, 62,302 bushels; tobacco, 246 lbs .; butter, 480,662; cheese, 8,100 ; sorghum, 5,650 gallons ; maple syrup, 14,413; honey, 5,228 lbs. ; eggs, 417,948 dozen ; grapes, 49,330 lbs .; wine, 1,615 gallons ; sweet potatoes, 953 bushels; apples, 20,074; peaches, 6,003 ; pears, 641 ; wool, 43,326 lbs. ; milch cows owned, 5,481.
School ceusus, 1888, 13,105 ; teachers, 279. Miles of railroad track, 166.
TOWNSHIPS AND CENSUS.
1840.
1880.
TOWNSHIPS AND CENSUS.
1840.
1880.
Buckskin,
1,729
2,311
Jefferson,
871
1,060
Colerain,
1,281
1,946
Liberty,
1,256
1,575
Concord,
2,548
2,801
Paint,
1,380
1,153
Deerfield,
1,235
1.475
Paxton,
1,226
2,119
Eagle,
411
Scioto,
5,354
12,689
Franklin,
582
1,233
Springfield,
1,062
1,287
Green,
1,820
2,058
Twin,
2,195
2,447
Harrison,
631
1,226
Union,
2,631
2,527
Huntington,
1,159
2,400
Population of Ross in 1820 was 20,610 ; 1830, 25,150; 1840, 27,460 ; 1860, 35,071 ; 1880, 40,307 : of whom 33,914 were born in Ohio ; 1,479, Virginia ; 619, Pennsylvania; 294, Kentucky ; 213, New York ; 177, Indiana ; 1,685, German Empire ; 514, Ireland; 138, England and Wales ; 49, Scotland; 40, British America, and 30 France. Census, 1890, 39,454.
Although there is considerable hilly land in the county, it is estimated nearly half of the surface is alluvium. The cultivation of wheat is increasing in the bot- toms; that of corn on the uplands, and the farmers are diversifying their erops. The comty is famed for its fine cattle. Some of these were sent in 1885, to the Kentucky State Fair, and took the prize over the luscious-fleshed animals raised in the famed blue grass region of that State.
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ROSS COUNTY.
EARLY SETTLEMENTS.
Such glowing descriptions of the beauty of the scenery and the fertility of the soil in the Scioto country, having been circulated through Kentucky, by Massie and others, who had explored it in 1792, portions of the Presbyterian congre- gations of Cane Ridge and Concord, in Bourbon, under Rev. Robert W. Finley, determined to emigrate thither in a body. They were in a measure induced to this step by their dislike of slavery, and the uncertainty that existed in regard to the validity of the land titles in that State. The Rev. Mr. Finley, as a prelim- inary step, liberated his slaves, and addressed a letter of inquiry to Col. Nathaniel Massie, in December, 1794.
That letter induced Col. Massie, who was a large landholder, to visit Mr. Finley in the succeeding March. A large concourse of people who wished to en- gage in the enterprise, assembled on the occasion, and fixed on a day to meet at the Three Islands in Manchester, and proceed on an exploring expedition. Mr. Finley also wrote to his friends in western Pennsylvania informing them of the time and place of rendezvous
Pioneer Exploring Party .- About sixty men met according to appointment, who were divided into three companies, under Massie, Finley and Falenash. They proceeded on their route without interruption, until they struck the falls of Paint creek and proceeded a short distance down that stream, when they found themselves in the vicinity of some Indians who had encamped at Reeves' cross- ing, near Bainbridge. The Indians were of those who had refused to attend Wayne's treaty, and it was determined to give them battle, it being too late to retreat with safety. The Indians on being attacked soon fled, with the loss of two killed and several wounded. One of the whites ouly, Joshua Robinson, was mortally wounded, and during the action a Mr. Armstrong, a prisoner with the Indians, escaped to his own people. The party gath- ered up all the plunder and retreated as far as Scioto Brush creek, where they were, ac- cording to expectation, attacked carly the next morning. Only one man of the whites was wounded, Allen Gilfillan, and the party the next day reached Manchester and sepa- rated for their several homes.
After Wayne's Treaty, Col. Massie and sev- eral of the old explorers again met at the house of Rev. Mr. Finley, formed a company and agreed to form a settlement in the ensu- ing spring ( 1796 ), and raise a crop of corn at the mouth of Paint creek. According to agreement, they met at Manchester about the first of April, to the number of forty and np- wards, from Mason and Bourbon. Among them were Joseph M'Coy, Benj. and Win. Rodgers, David Shelby, James Harrod, Henry, Bazil and Reuben Abrams, Win. . Jamison, Jas. Crawford, Samuel, Anthony and Robert Smith, Thos. Dick, Win. and Jas. Kerr, Geo. and James Kilgore, John Brown, Samuel and Robert Templeton, Ferguson Moore, Wm. Nicholson and J. B. Finley, now a Methodist clergyman. They divided into two companies, one of which struck across the country and the other came on in pirogues. The first arrived the earliest on the spot of their intended settlement, and had
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