USA > Pennsylvania > The Register of Pennsylvania : devoted to the preservation of facts and documents and every other kind of useful information respecting the state of Pennsylvania, Vol. XII > Part 48
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Section 4. The standard yards, which shall be pro- cured by the Governor, shall be taken as the unit of all measures of length, and one-third part of the said standard yard shall be a foot, and one-twelfth part of such foot shall be an inch.
Section 5. The yard afores id shall be graduated or divided by marks engraved thereon, so that it shall ex- hibit distinctly the following measures, to wit:
The length or rectilinear extension of the foot and of the inch aforesaid, and all the customary divisions or aliquot parts of a foot.
Also, the length or rectilinear extension of one-half of a yard, one-quarter of a yard, one-eighth of a yard, one-sixteenth of a yard, and of all other customary di- visions or aliquot parts of a yard.
Section 6. All measures of extension, whether bina- ry, ternary, decimal, duodecimal, or other aliquot parts, divisions or fractions of a yard, foot, or inch, or any multiple or combination thereof, expressed or known by any customary measure, or by any of the terms of admeasurement of extension, quantity, capacity, or oth- er dimension, shall respectively be equal to the same parts, proportion or multiple of the standard yard, foot or inch aforesaid, and not otherwise.
> Section 7. The standard measure of the wine gallon shall contain two hundred and thirty-one cubical inches of the standard inch aforesaid, and no more. And the
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standard measure of the beer gallon sliall contain two hundred and eighty-two cubical inches as aforesaid, and no more.
Section 8. The standard measure of the bushel shall contain two thousand one hundred and fifty cubical inches, and forty-two hundredths of a cubical inch of the standard inch aforesail, and no more.
Section 9. The me sures of any aliquot or fractional part of the wine gallon, beer gallon, and bushel afore- said, shall be proportionate thereto respectively, in the ratio of such aliquot or fractional part.
Section 10. The bushel to be used for measuring lime, shall be made in the form and of the dimensions, to wit:
Thirteen inches and a half diameter at the bottom in the clear.
Fifteen inches diameter at the top in the clear.
Thirteen inches and forty-seven hundredths of an inch perpendicular depth in the clear.
Section 11. The denomination of weights shall be computed upon the troy pound of the mint of the Unit. ed States, in the manner following, to wit:
The troy pound of this commonwealth shall be equal to the troy pound of the mint aforesaid.
The pound avoirdupois of this commonwealth shall be greater than the troy pound aforesaid in the proportion of seven thousand to five thousand seven hundred and sixty
Section 12 The weights of any aliquot or fractional part of the troy pound and avoirdupois pound aforesaid, shall be proportionate thereto respectively, in the ratio of such aliquot or fractional part
Section 13. It shall also be the duty of the Governor to procure to be made, for each of the counties of this commonwealth, at the charge of the counties respec- tively, a set of standards for weights and measures, ac- cording to the several denominations hitherto adopted into use in this commonwealth, which standards shall be accurately adjusted to the standards aforesaid; and thereupon he shall canse the same to be properly sealed or stamped, and to be delivered to the commissioners of the counties respectively, to be used as standards for the adjusting of weights and measures, and for no other purpose.
Section 14 It shall be the duty of the commissioners of the respective counties, at least once in every ten years, and oftener if they have reason to believe it ne- cessary. to cause the standards of the respective county to be examined and tried, and if necessary, to be cor- rected or renewed according to the standards aforesaid of the commonwealth, so that they shall be equal and in all respects conforin and correspond thereto.
Section 15. The duty of the inspection and regulation of weights and measures shall, in the several counties of this commonwealth, (except in the city and county of Philadelphia,) be performed by such competent person or persons as the commissioners of the respective coun- ties shall, with the approbation of the court of Quarter Sessions of such county, designate.
Section 16. Every person charged with the inspec- tion and regulation of weights and measures as afore- said, shall, before he enters upon the duties of his of- fice, make oath or affirmation to perform the same with fidelity.
Section 17. The persons who may be charged with the inspection and regulation of weights or measures as aforesaid, shall not be entitled to demand or receive any fee whatsoever for their services in that behalf; but they shall be paid for the same out of the county stock, according to contract with the commissioners of the respective county. They shall demandl and receive for the use of the county, for every weight and measure regulated by them, such sum as the mechanical labor employed in the regulation and sealing thereof shall be reasonably worth, and no more.
Section 18. All weights and measures, and all beams, scales, and steel-yards, which shall be adjusted to the
standards of the respective counties as aforesaid, by the officer charged with the duty of the inspection and re- gulation thereof, shall be authenticated or stamped by hiin with some sufficient brand or seal.
Section 19. If any person charged with the duty of the inspection and regulation of weights and measures, shall unnecessarily, carelessly, or through want of skill, mar or injure any scale, beam, steel-yard, weight or measure while in bis hands or possession for the pitr- poses of his office, -the same being just and true, or susceptible of easy adjustment to the proper standard -he shall furnish forthwith to the owner thereof, a correct scale, beam, steel-yard, weight or measure of the same kind and of equal value, or in default thereof, shall pay to such owner twice its value.
Section 20. All guaging instruments used within this commonwealth shall be constructed so as to show the contents or ullage of any vessel or cask, according to the measures aforesaid. And if any person shall use any such instruments of any other construction or pro- portion, such person shall, before marking the contents of any cask or the ullage thereof, as shown by such instrument, reduce the same to standard measures afore- said, under penalty of ten dollars for every neglect, for the use of any person who may be aggrieved there- by.
Section 21. All weights and measures sold within this commonwealth, shall be deemed to have been war- ranted by the seller to correspond (according to the respective denomination) with the standards aforesaid.
Section 22. Every person who shall sell or buy any article or merchandize or traffic, or any thing whatso- ever, by any false yard, beam, scale, weight or mea- sure, to the injury of another, the person selling or buying as aforesaid, being the owner of such yard, beam, scale, weight or measure, and not having had the same duly regulated and approved by a lawful stand- ard within one year, shall forfeit thrice the value of the article so sold or bought, one half to the use of the county, and the other balf to the use of the person ag- grieved, to be recovered in one action founded on this act. Provided, that in no case shall the penalty afore- said, be less than three dollars.
Section 23. And if any person shall sell or buy any- article of merchandize or traffic, or any thing whatso- ever, by any false yard, beam, scale, weight or measure, knowing the same to be false, and intending thereby to deceive or defraud, such person shall be liable to indict- ment and punishment as in cases of misdemeanor.
Section 24. An acre of land shall contain four thou- sand eight hundred and forty horizontal square yards of the standard yard aforesaid, or a surface which shall be equivalent thereto. Provided, that nothing in this sec- tion shall be deemed or taken to affect the allowance of any surplus quantity to which any person may be other- wise entitled, by virtue of any record, patent, deed, or other instrument or contract.
Section 25. The standard dimensions of a cord of bark, or of wood for fuel, shall be eight feet in length, including one-half of the kerf, four feet in breadth, and four feet in height, containing one hundred and twenty- eight feet of the standard foot aforesaid, in solid mea- sure, well stowed and packed. And if any part of the wood be crooked, it shall be placed at the top of the cord or load, and a reasonable and fair allowance shall be made by all corders and venders of wood for the de- ficiency which may be occasioned by such crooked or uneven wood.
Section 26. A hogshead of cider shall be deemed and taken to be one hundred and ten gallons thereof in wine measure, in all cases where there shall be no spe- cial agreement to the contrary.
Section 27. The several kinds of grain hereinafter mentioned, may be estimated and sold by weight avor- dupois, as follows, to wit: Sixty pounds of wheat, fifty- eight pounds of rye, fifty-eight pounds of corn, forty- eight pounds of buckwheat, forty-seven pounds of
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barley, thirty two pounds of oats, shall be deemed and taken to be equal each to a bushel as aforcsaid, of the said kinds of grain respectively. Provided, neverthe- less, that the said kinds of grain may be bought or sold by measure. as heretofore.
Section 28. The several kinds of foreign salt herein after mentioned, may be estimated and sold by weight avoirdupois, as follows, to wit: Eighty-five pounds of coarse salt, seventy pounds of ground salt, sixty-two pounds of fine salt, shall be deemed and taken to be equal to each bushel as aforesaid, of the said kinds of. salt respectively. Provided, that the sid kinds of salt may be bought and sold by measure, as heretofore.
Section 29. Anthracite coal may be sold by weight avoirdupois, or by bushel measure, as follows, to wit: Every bushel of coal shall contain eighty pounds thereof, every hundred weight shall be deemed and taken to be one hundred and twelve pounds thereof, twenty-eight bushels, or two thousand two hundred and forty pounds thereof, shall be deemed and taken for one ton.
Section 30. All pecuniary penalties and forfeitures imposed by this act, shall be recoverable in like manner as debts of equal amount may be recoverd.
Section 31. Provided that nothing in this act shall be so construed as to interfere with any special provision, heretofore made by law, respecting the powers, duties, or emoluments of the regulator of weights and mea- sures, or of the sealer of dry measures for the city and county of Philadelphia.
From the Pittsburg Gazette. MIO-QUA-COO-NA-CAW.
The communication of " An Antiquarian," which we published in our paper of the 5th of July last, in rela- tion' to this chief, of the Shawano nation, has drawn from Col. Marschalk, editor of the Mississippi Gazette, a long and interesting article, from which we make some extracts. Col. Marschalk was formerly an officer in the United States' Army; and, as such, was on the our northwestern frontier when Red Pole figured there, and was adopted by that chief, as his son under the name of Unda Quallameta, or the Industrious Beaver. The following are extracts :-
" Simply to state, that the Chieftain of the forest, whose remains lie so honorably entombed in the sacred repository appropriated to the silent dead of more ci- vilized man, was among the number of celebrated war- riors who long contended in the field, and led his na- tion forth to battle against every opposing foe, and af- ter being conquered in the decisive action of the 20th of October, 1794, under the walls of the British fort, Miami, by the gallant hero, Anthony Wayne-that he was among the principal representatives of the Shawano nation, at the treaty of Greenville, where he was alike distinguished by his oratory; that, unaccustomed to the rigors of a northern climate, he fell a victim to disease, on his return from a visit to 'his Great Father,' President Washington; where he had accompanied Little Turtle, Blue Jacket, and several other of the most distinguish - ed chiefs, from the northwestern tribes; and had merit- ed, by the dignity of his deportment and the urbanity of his manners, the respectful attention given to him while living, and the honorable memento which the now dilapidated monument exhibits to have been paid to- wards his remains. This much would, no doubt, amply satisfy the queries of the inquiring Antiquarian, as ex- hibiting a brief and correct notice of the 'son of the forest' thus distinguished.
" Our acquaintance with him commenced at the treaty of Greenville, made by Gen. Anthony Wayne, with the confederated tribes of northwestern Indians, in August, 1795, where Red Pole was considered a chief of much influence. That treaty, being of great importance, was conducted with an uncommon degree of form and economy. A handsome council house was erected, expressly for the purpose, and the elegant
marquee of the commander in chief, pitched, (for the first time,) on that occasion, for the accommodation of the chiefs. The firing of a six pounder, and the display of a white flag, on the council house, immediately after guard parade and relief, was the daily signal for as- sembling of the plenipotentiaries, who generally re- mained in session about four hours. The officers of the army, in fulluniform, together with numerous warriors accompanying the chiefs, were the usual spectators of this very interesting scene. One or more of the chiefs, as subjects were proposed, daily delivered speeches, not long, but many of them distinguished by their force of reasoning, and dignified manner of delivery. Among these, the Red Pole held a conspicuous stand.
" The encampment of Indians was directly in front of the cantonment, with which a daily intercourse took place by the officers of the army, who, in turn, receiv- ed and entertained the chiefs in their quarters during the day. Red Pole, accompanied by Little Turtle, (the Miami chief, well known as principal leader against the unfortunate army of general St. Clair, ) with whom he generally associated, often visited our quarters, ac- companied captain Wells, the interpreter, (who was inhumanly butchered at Chicago, at the commence- ment of the last war with England.) Those visits were always interesting. The Turtle and Red Pole were uncommonly shrewd in their observations, and, frequently, in playful badinage, would elicit flash- es of wit that would not disgrace the most polished cir- cles. At the conclusion of the treaty, they retired to the homes of their respective tribes, and arrangements were immediately commenced preparatory to occupy- ing the British posts, on our northwestern frontier, the delivery of which had been procrastinated from time to time, by various frivolous pretexts, and no doubt was the true origin of the prolonged Indian wars on our frontier.
" Gen. Wayne visited the frontier forts in the fall of 1796. At Fort Maumee, then garrisoned by the com- pany of the 2d sublegion, con manded by the writer of this article, he pitched his marquee within a few yards of the glacis, not pistol shot distance from the southwest bastion of the fort, on the very spot from which he had viewed the works, then manned by the British garri- son, commanded by major Campbell, on the 20th of October, 1794. On the bastion, at that time, a long 24 and three 18 pounders, brass guns, were mounted, to- gether with four wall pieces of 43 pound calibre, in the case mates. Enraged at the hardy daring of the old hero, the British artillery officer was with difficulty restrained from applying the match by the commandant. The suite of general Wayne, at the moment, was his aids de camp, major Debuts, of the 4th sublegion, captain Thomas Lewis, of the 3d, and lieut. W. H. Harrison, (the present general, ) of the first; also, colo- nel Henry Burbeck, of artillery, and several others, whose names at present are not recollected. The fact of the intention to fire, we received from two gentle- men, who were in the fort at the time, and to the pitch- ing of the marquee, and recognizing the exact spot by the brave old general, we were eye witnesses.
A number of chiefs and warriors visited the general during the three days he remained at Fort Maumee. The Little Turtle and Red Pole arrived the day follow- ing his departure from Detroit, Blue Jacket resided on an island, at the foot of the rapids of Miami. On visiting the fort, the Red Pole, addressing the writer, remarked, " my son, we are going to Detroit to see our father, general Wynd, and then to the rising of the sun to take our great father, general Washington, by the hand, The general has promised us a young chief to show us the path. The Turtle and Blue Jacket both love you, and we will ask for you if you are willing to go." The proposal was of course agreeable, as it of- fered a prospect of visiting those dear friends, from whose society we had been excluded by six years' hard duty in camp, and the more particularly, as the contem-
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plated reduction of the army to the peace establishment, then conducted upon fair and honorable principles, would, as a junior captain, leave us among the number of supernumeraries; and the opportunity of returning home as an escort to our Ind'an friends, have been a pleasant tour of duty. We were, however, disappoint- ed in our expectations The Red Pole added, " We are going to the island to get drunk two days; we will then wash our heads and go to Detroit to ask for you. During the debauch, we were severely attacked by ague and fever, and very reluctantly abandoned the propos- ed tour, recommending to "our red father" and his as- sociates, our friend captain Richard Sparks, (the late colonel) who accompanied them to the seat of govern- ment; returning from whence, as we have stated, Red Pole died at Pittsburg, where he was buried with mili- tary honors, and the monument erected over his re- mains.
Connected with the recollection of our Indian "fa- ther" is an amusing incident of more recent date, and which may probably dwell in the recollection of some of the ancient citizens of Philadelphia. A number of chiets visited Mr. Jefferson, during his presidency, among whom was the Young Wolf, (our adopted bro- ther) nephew and successor of Red Pole. Among the amusements provided for them was a visit to the thea- tre. We were then on a tour of guard duty, with a detachment of artillery from Fort Mifflin. Learning that Indians from the lakes were in the city, and feeling a curiosity to ascertain whether any of our old acquai.l- tances were of the number, we visited the theatre for that purpose. They were seated on a back seat of the large front box of the old Chesnut street theatre .. Approach- ing the box we were recognized by "our brother," with a warm hug, imparting a plentiful quantity of ver- million to both our cheeks. and a hearty yell, in which his associates, about 10 or 12. joined in full chorus. The curtain was up at the time, but the astonished actors stopped and gazed in silence at the scene. Several ladies were much alarmed, and Madam Rumor stated that some did actually faint. The gentlemen beaux were in full run to ascertain the cause of the alarm, and found us sitting cheek by jowl among the Indians. We spent the evening with our young brother, and the day following entertained him with subaltern fare,at our post, since which we have not heard any thing farther from our tribe.
Mus-qua-ki-na-ca, or Red Pole .- In spinning this yarn, our readers will observe that the fit was uncom- monly strong. However the remedy for its tediousness is with them-throw it down.
Little Turtle .- We have some interesting anecdotes of this celebrated chief in M. S .- they may, or may not, according to circumstances, be forthcoming.
NORTHAMPTON COUNTY.
Having withdrawn from the busy cares of our office, for a few days last week, to indulge ourself with an ex- cursion to Easton, to visit the seat of Justice for this county for the first time since we became a resident in it, as well as to become better acquainted with that part of Old Northampton, which lies below the Blue moun- tain, we were highly gratified with the appearance of the country, and although our enjoyment of the excur- sion which we had long since promised ourself was somewhat diminished by a slight indisposition, we liave considered the subject worthy of a few brief passing remarks.
To a person who has no knowledge of the geographi- cal situation of Northampton county but what is derived from an inspection of the map, it presents scarcely any thing to the imagination but a series of those huge moun- tains which strongly mark the northeastern part of Penn- sylvania, stretching to the southwest through the state. This idea is still more forcibly impressed upon the mind of the traveller who comes into this part of the county,
and becomes acquainted with its situation by actual oh- servation, especially if the approach be from the north or west; and notwithstanding he may be informed of the fact that immediately below the Blue ridge lies a fruit- ful agricultural region extending southward to Phila- delphia and Lancaster, which may be justly called the garden of the state, if the sight of his eyes be confined to the mountains which are broken into various irregular shapes by the river Lehigh and its tributaries, and the deep and narrow glens into which this region is cut here and there, the very name of Northampton county will be so naturally and unavoidably associated in his imagination with the idea of roughness and sterility, that he will scarcely be able to conceive of it otherwise than as being a mountainous, unfruitful, and desolate waste. We speak from experience when we say that such is the case, since we know how difficult it is to divest the mind of the unfavorable impressions which a few months residence among the mountains of the Lehigh, give to the general appearance and face of the surrounding country.
In following the serpentine course of the valley from this place to the Lehigh Water Gap, which is about twelve miles, the river is as above this place, skirted with mountains, which cause it to take various abrupt turns and windings to find a passage between them; thougli near the mouths of several small streams which empty into it in East Penn and l'owamensing townships, there are a number of fine farms and well cultivated fields; which is also the case for several miles up the valleys of these streams.
In approaching the Lehigh Water Gap, a scene is pre- sented to the eye of one who has any taste to admire whatever is grand, picturesque, and romantic in nature, which cannot fail to excite a degree of admiration. Here the river breaks abruptly through a narrow gap in the Blue Ridge, which seems to have been cleft asun- der by nature for the express purpose of affording a passage for the congregated waters above to escape to the mother ocean. In passing through the Gap, the broad expansive valley of highly cultivated fields and sloping woodlands below the mountains apparently opens a new world to the traveller; so striking is the contrast with the mountainous region above. The beauty and richness of the country, however, is still in- creased as we proceed toward Easton. From Cherry- ville to that place it is an elevated plain, with here and there a gentle depression for the small streams that make their way to the Lehigh and Delaware rivers. As far as the eye can reach may be seen rich farms, neat stone dwellings, commodious and well filled barns, and beautiful orchards, richly laden with fruit, affording a specimen of the independence which is characteristic of the German farmers of Pennsylvania. Indeed the general appearance of prosperity indicates that the in habitants are, what we believe they are generally ac- knowledged to be- as honest, industrious, and frugal a set of people as are to be found in any part of the Union.
The German language is very generally spoken among them, though we are informed that English schools are becoming more frequently established and generally patronised, for the education of the young in the pre- vailing language of our country. We noticed several very neat convenient school houses in the different neighborhoods along the road, as well as in the little villages which are springing up here and there through the country. Many of the farmers send their daugliters to the Moravian Seminary at Bethlehem, which is so justly celebrated for the acquirement of a good English education.
At Easton, we were pleased to observe that among the various other improvements, the new Lafayette Col- lege, which has recently been commenced, is rapidly progressing. This noble structure, which will prove a lasting monument to the enterprise of the place, is be- ing erected on a lofty and commodious eminence on the north side of the Bushkill creek, and presents a front of
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