USA > Colorado > History of Nevada, Colorado, and Wyoming, 1540-1888 > Part 58
USA > Nevada > History of Nevada, Colorado, and Wyoming, 1540-1888 > Part 58
USA > Wyoming > History of Nevada, Colorado, and Wyoming, 1540-1888 > Part 58
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572
DENVER AND ARAPAHOE COUNTY.
C. A. Cook, banker, government contractor, and real estate dealer; Thomas Skerritt, miner, farmer; L. A. Williams, lumber manufacturer, farmer, stock raiser.
Hiram J. Brendlinger, a native of Pa, came with a stock of cigars to Den- ver in 1859, opening a store on Blake street in a log cabin in June 1859. In 1861 he erected a two-story frame building, which was burned in April 1863. Six months previous he had erected a brick warehouse, in which a large part of his stock was saved, with which he started business again, with a branch at Central City. In 1864 he established a branch at Virginia, Montana, in 1866 at Cheyenne, in Wyoming, and in 1877 at Deadwood, in Dakota. He was a member of the city council, mayor, and member of the legislature.
Daniel Witter, born in Ind., became a miner in Tarryall district, South park, where he worked in 1859-60, and was chosen a member of the house from his district the following year. In 1862 he was appointed postmaster at Hamilton, and soon after asst int. rev. collector and afterward was re- ceiver in the land office, dealer in real estate and stock raiser. He origin- ated the Denver Safe Deposit and Savings bank, of which he was treasurer until 1877. He was vice-president of the Denver Water company from its organization for many years.
David H. Moffat was born in N. Y. in 1839, and came to Colorado in 1860. He started a book and stationery business at Denver, in company with C. C. Woolworth, which became large and profitable, and from which he retired at the end of six years to take the position of cashier of the 1st National bank of Denver, of which he was elected president in 1SS0, and which owes much to his administrative ability. He was elected to the presi- dency of the D. & R. G. R. in 1887, and has been prominently connected with all the leading railroad enterprises since 1869, when he with Gov. Evans built the Denver Pacific to Cheyenne. He was one of the organizers of the syndicate which built the D. & S. P. R. R., and helped to build the D. & N. O. R. R. He is also interested in mines in nearly every county in Colo- rado, and justly ranks as one of the mining kings of the centennial state. He paid Tabor $1,600,000 for his interest in the Little Pittsburg at Leadville, even then making money out of the investment. His residence in Denver cost over $80,000. N. Y. Financier, Oct. 17, 1885; Moffat's Sketch on Bank- ing, MS.
Bela M. Hughes, a native of Nicholas co., Ky, was born in 1817, and re- moved to Clay co., Mo., in 1834. He studied for the law, and was admitted to practice in 1841, and in 1845 was appointed receiver of public moneys for his district, which position he held four years, when he removed to St Joseph, where he remained until he came to Colorado in 1861, as president of the Overland Mail company, which office he filled for two years, and for six years afterward that of solicitor of the same company. In 1869 he began the gen- eral practice of law in Denver. He was democratic candidate for governor in 1876, though not elected.
Frederick Jones Bancroft, M. D., born May 25, 1834, at Enfield, Conn. On the paternal side he came from the Bancrofts and Heaths of Conn., and on the meternal side from the Bissells and Walcotts, prominent New England families. He was educated at Westfield academy, Mass., and Charlotteville seminary, N. Y., and studied medicine in the medical department of the university of Buffalo, graduating in 1861. His first practice was in Penn. Then he entered the army, and after the war attended lectures in Phil., re- moving to Colorado in 1866, and practised medicine in Denver, where he be- came medical referee for several insurance companies, and surgeon of three different railroad companies, as well as member of the Denver Medical so- ciety, of which he was president in 1868, of the Colorado Medical association, and American Medical association, and president of the state board of health. He was also an early and active member of the Colorado Historical society, and has been an officer in many societies, particularly educational, and is authority upon such topics. He married a daughter of George A. Jarvis, of Brooklyn, N. Y.
573
BIOGRAPHY.
James Moynahan was born in Wayne co., Mich., in 1842. He entered the army as a private in 1862, remaining in it through the war, being twice wounded, and made a captain in 1863. In 1866 he married Mary Moynahan, of Detroit, and set out for Colorado with an ox-team, leaving his wife, who followed him in 1867. He resided in Park co. until 1884 when he removed to Denver to educate his children. In merchandising, mining, and stock raising, he fast accumulated property. He was elected to the state senate in 1876, and again in 1882.
Charles Hallack, born in N. Y. in 1828, came to Colorado in 1867 from Kansas, and settled in Denver in the business of a lumber dealer. In 1884 he was elected president of the State National bank, of which he was one of the organizers.
Job A. Cooper, born in Ill. in 1843, removed to Denver in 1872, where he practised law for four years, and was elected vice-president of the Gerinan bank. In 1877 the bank was reorganized under the name of the German National Bank, when he was elected cashier. In 1877 he purchased 300 head of cattle, on a range near the Neb. state line, but sold them and bought 15,000 acres of land in Weld co., on which he had in 1886-7, 500 head of cattle. He was president of the Colorado Cattle-grower's association, a wealthy organi- zation.
D. H. Dougan, born in Niles, Mich., in 1845, removed to Ind. at the age of 15 years, and became a clerk in a bank at Richmond, studying medicine in his leisure hours. He subsequently studied at Rush medical college, Chicago, and at Bellevue hospital, New York, graduating in 1874, and coming to Colo- rado the following year. He resided in several parts of the state temporarily until 1878 when he went to Leadville, where he became mayor in 1881 and 1882. He was the first president of Carbonate bank, and remained a director while living in Denver.
John C. Stallcup, born in Ohio in 1841, came to Colorado for the benefit of his health in 1877, and remained. He was nominee of the democratic party for state senator in 1878, and was again nominated for attorney-general of the state in 1880. He was elected city-attorney of Denver in 1881, and was retained as city counsel afterwards in cases then pending. In 1884 he sold most of his city property, and invested in land in Arapahoe co., 17 miles from Denver, which was being stocked with cattle.
Stephen H. Standart, born in Ohio in 1833, and brought up on a farm, came to Colorado in 1879 to engage in cattle-raising. He started in business with 1,200 head, about 60 miles from Denver. He was one of the organ- izers of the Western Live stock co. in 1880, and of the American Cattle com- pany in 1883, of 400 members, the two companies owning over 20,000 head in 1885.
For congressional and legislative references I have found matter in Pac. R. R. Rept, i. 17-19; U. S. Sen. . Jour., 808, 38th cong., Ist sess .; U. S. H. Jour., 241, 38th cong., 2d sess .; Zabriskie's Land Laws, sup. 1877, 49; Hol- lister's Mines of Colo, 292-4; Cong. Globe, 1864-5, 316, 753, 1404; U. S. H. Ex. Doc., i., p. 152, 46th cong., Ist sess., vol. 16, pt 2, 184, 227; 46th cong., 3d sess., and xxv., pt 1, 446; 46th cong., 2d sess .; U. S. H. Misc. Doc., xiii., pt 4, p. 56-9, 124-31, 46th cong., 2d sess .; U. S. Ex. Doc., xxv., 364, 47th cong., 2d sess .; Gen. Laws Colo, 1865, 108-11, 117-18, 127, 132, 135, 141, 142; Id., 1877, 180-94, 738; Sen. Jour. Colo, 1881, 629-30; Charter and Ordi- nances of City of Denver, 287-309; Corporations, Rev. Statutes, 1883.
CHAPTER XII.
COUNTIES OF COLORADO.
1859-1886.
BENT COUNTY-INDUSTRIES, TOWNS, AND PEOPLE-BOULDER COUNTY- EARLY SETTLERS-QUARTZ MINING-COAL AND IRON-CHAFFEE COUNTY -DISCOVERIES AND DEVELOPMENT-CLEAR CREEK COUNTY-EARLIEST SMELTING-STAMP MILLS-CONEJOS COUNTY-COSTILLA-CUSTER-MEN AND TOWNS-MINING-DELTA, DOLORES, DOUGLAS, EAGLE, ELBERT, EL PASO, AND FREMONT COUNTIES-THE GREAT RAILROAD WAR-CANON CITY AND ITS INSTITUTIONS.
BENT county, separated from Arapahoe by Elbert county, lies on both sides of the Arkansas river, and occupies the country of which Bent's fort was in ante-mining days the seat of such civilization as was found on the east slope of the Rocky mountains. It was organized in 1870, and named after the Bent fam- ily. It occupies an extent of territory larger than the state of Massachusetts, but is comparatively unin- habited, being almost entirely appropriated to the uses of the great cattle companies and owners, a sin- gle one of whom owns forty miles fronting on the river.1 Boggsville was the first county seat, which later was west Las Animas, the rendezvous of cattle owners and purchasers. East Las Animas, a few miles below, is another similar point. Both are on the railroad. La Junta, at the junction of the Pueblo branch, is a prosperous town. Besides these there
1 J. W. Powers, before mentioned. He came to Colorado in 1858 a poor young man, made his first money cutting the native grasses for hay, and sell- ing it to the government at Fort Lyon. He finally became a merchant and banker, and owner of 20,000 cattle. (574)
575
BENT AND BOULDER.
are few worthy of note.2 The Arkansas valley is adapted to agriculture, but the population of about 2,000 is devoted to the grazing interest to the exclu- sion of farming. The county of Greenwood was cre- ated at the same time that Bent was established, and occupied a part of its present territory, with Kit Car- son for the county seat ; but it was abolished in 1874, and the present boundaries decreed, at which time the county of Elbert was set off.
Boulder, one of the original seventeen counties established by the first legislative body of Colorado territory, contains 794 square miles, and combines mining with agriculture in a proportion which ren- ders it a peculiarly favored section of the state. It was first settled by a portion of a train which arrived in 1858 by the Platte route, which on coming to the confluence of the St Vrain, determined to take a course directly leading to the mountains. Among them were Thomas Aikins and son, S. J. Aikins, a nephew, A. A. Brookfield and wife, Charles Clouser, Yount, Moore, Dickens, Daniel Gordon and brother, Theodore Squires, Thomas Lorton, Wheelock broth- ers, and John Rothrock. They pitched their tents on the 17th of October at Red rock, at the mouth of Boulder cañon. They were joined by others in the course of the autumn. On the 15th of January, 1859, the first gold was discovered at Gold Run by a party consisting of Charles Clouser, John Rothrock, I. S. Bull, William Huey, W. W. Jones, James Aikins, and David Wooley. Out of this gulch was taken by the hand-rocker that season $100,000. The second discovery, on south Boulder, was the Dead- wood diggings, by B. F. Langley, about the last of
2 Alkali, Apishapa Station, Arapahoe, Benton, Bent's Fort, Blackwell, Cad- doa, Carlton, Catlin, Cheyenne Wells, Dowlings, First View, Fort Lyon, Granada, Hilton, Holley, Iron Springs, King's Ferry, Kiowa Springs, Kit Carson, Main Rancho, Meadows, Monotony, Nine-mile Bottom, Point of Rocks, Prowers, Red Rock, Robinson, Rocky Ford, Rush Creek, Salt Springs, Sand Creek, The Meadows, Tuttle's, Well No. 1, and Wild Horse, are the settlements in Bent co.
576
COUNTIES OF COLORADO.
January; and the third at Gold Hill,3 in February. Soon after David Horsfal discovered his famous mine.
In February the town of Boulder was laid off, ten miles from the gold diggings, by H. Chiles, Alfred A. Brookfield being president of the town company." The first seventy houses on Pearl street were of logs. It soon had a population of 2,000, which so exalted the expectations of its shareholders that they turned away customers by their high prices. Efforts were made by bridging the Platte, and by other means, to draw immigration to that point, but without marked success.
3 Some of the pioneers of Gold Hill were P. M. Housel and wife, George W. Chambers and wife, Charles Dabney and wife, Charles F. Holly, Miles Jain, John Wigginton, William Fellows, James Smith, E. H. N. Patterson, W. G. Pell, James A. Carr, W. A. Corson, Henry Green, I .. M. McCaslin, and family, Richard Blore, John Mahoney, Cary Culver, Hiram Buck, George Zweck, Alph. Cushman, Mrs Samuel Hays, William and John Brerly and families. The first child born in Gold Hill was Mamie McCaslin, who be- came Mrs J. C. Conlehan of Boulder.
4 Brookfield was born in Morristown, N. J., in 1830. His father was a merchant, and he was his partner. He was afterward mayor of Nebraska City. He came to Colorado in 1858. Henry Wilson Chiles was born in Va in 1828, and came to Colo from Neb. in 1858. He served in the civil war, and returned to Colo at its close.
5 Some of the men of Boulder were: Thomas A. Aiken, born in Md, 1808. He came to Colorado in 1858, and settled four miles from Boulder City. He died in 1878.
Samuel J. Aikins, born in Ill. in 1835, came to Colorado in 1858, and settled on a farm on Dry creek, five miles e. from Boulder City. A.J. Macky, who erected the first frame house in Boulder, was born in N. Y. in 1834. He came to Colorado in 1859, in company with Hiram Buck. He mined, worked at his trade of carpentry, and kept a meat market in company with Buck. He erected the first brick house in Boulder, and the first building with an iron front. He was postmaster, county treasurer, justice of the peace, member of the school board, clerk of the dist court, and deputy int. rev. collector. For eight years he held the office of sec. Boulder County In- dustrial association. In 1872 he was elected town clerk and treasurer, which office he retained for about ten years. He at one time kept the Boul- der house. In 1865, in company with Daniel Pound and others, he con- structed the Black Hawk and Central City wagon road, and the following year built the Caribou and Central City road. He was influential in secur- ing the state university for Boulder, and aided all worthy enterprises.
Alpheus Wright, born in N. Y. and educated for the law, came to Colo- rado in 1859. He was a member of the legislature in 1865, and was elected county attorney. He made a comfortable fortune at mining operations.
Samuel Arbuthnot was born in Pittsburg in 1836, and came to Colorado in 1859. He mined at Gold Hill, at Russell gulch, and in California gulch. In 1863 he settled on a farm on Left Hand creek, Boulder co., and helped to organize the Left Hand Ditch company, of which he has been president. He was also clerk of the school board.
577
BOULDER.
About this time men went wild over quartz, until they found, upon protracted trial, that they could not extract the gold I have already spoken of that era, and its effect on the country. Then they were driven to other pursuits, especially farming Boulder organ- ized the first county agricultural society in 1867. Grist-mills were erected, and a farming community grew up at the confluence of the north and south Boulder creeks, with a thriving centre called Val- mont.6 Boulder became the grain-milling as well as grain-growing country' of the territory. In time, also, its mines were developed, until its annual pro- duction of the precious metals reached half a million,
George F. Chase was one of the Central City and Boulder valley toll- road builders, county commissioner, town trustee, farmer, and stock raiser. George W. Chambers was a miner, farmer, county commissioner, and justice of the peace. Andrew Douty erected on South Boulder creek the first grist- mill completed in Colorado. He also built a mill at Red Rock, near Boulder City, in 1866. In 1867 he erected the first flouring mills at St Louis, in Lar- imer co., where he died in 1874. Douty was from Pa.
Tarbox & Donnelly erected the first saw mill in Boulder in 1860, using the water power at the mouth of the canon. J. P. Lee built the second the same season a few miles from Gold Hill; Tourtalotte and Squires a third in Boulder City in 1862. Samuel Copeland erected the first steam saw mill in Four-mile cañon in 1863.
Edward W. Henderson was the purchaser of the Gregory mine, and had many vicissitudes of fortune. He was connected with the Western Smelting company, in charge of affairs; was treasurer of Gilpin co .; and receiver of the U. S. land office at Central City 1873-9.
T. J. Graham brought the 3-stamp mill in 1859 which was set up on Left Hand creek, near Gold Hill. He continued to reside at Boulder.
Other men of Boulder in early times were William Arbuthnot, miner and farmer; August Burk, baker and farmer; Norman R. Howard, miner and farmer; Thomas J. Jones, miner, merchant, and farmer, built the large hotel at Gold Dirt in 1860; Henry B. Ludlow, miner and farmer; Holden R. El- dred, freighter and merchant; William Baker, farmer; Thomas Brainard, freighter and farmer; John Reese, carpenter, miner, and farmer, elected assessor of Boulder co. in 1871; Jay Sternberg, miller and proprietor of the Boulder City flouring mills; William R. Howell, twice elected sheriff of Boulder co.
6 The first cheese factory was established at Valmont. This town was laid off by A. P. Allen, his sons, G. S. and W. H. Allen, and his son-in-law, Holden Eldred. Near Valmont were settled, with their families, W. B. Howell, once sheriff, now a large land owner, John Rothrock, Henry Buck, P. A. Lyner, William A. Davidson, H. B. Ludlow, J. J. Beasley, projector and builder of the Beasley irrigating canal; Jeremiah Leggett, Edgar Saw- dey, Hiram Prince, E. Leeds, J. C. Bailey, Stephen H. Green, and George C. Green, his son.
" A. and J. W. Smith of Denver, erected a grist-mill at White Rock Cliffs, on Boulder creek, six miles from the mountains; P. M. Housel and John D. Baker built one near Valmont. Housel was twice elected county judge.
HIST. NEV. 37
578
COUNTIES OF COLORADO.
chiefly in silver, and the assessable valuation of the county is considerably over four and a half millions.' 00 The coal production of the county in 1883 was 45,500 tons.9 Iron is one of the valuable productions of this county ;1º and also stone for building pur- poses, and lime manufacture. Boulder county in 1870 received the addition to its early population of a company of persons organized in Chicago, inder the name of the Chicago-Colorado colony, of which Robert Collyer was president, C. N. Pratt secretary, and William Bross treasurer. With so much ability at the head it should have made itself a history. The land, selected by W. N. Byers, consisted of 60,000.
8 The principal mining districts of Boulder are Caribou, in which are sit- uated the well-known mines of Native Silver, Seven-Thirty, Ten-Forty, Poorman, Sherman, No Name, and the Caribou, which shipped in 1881 $227,982.88 in silver bricks. Ward district contained the Ni Wot, Nelson,, Stoughton, Celestial, Humboldt, and Morning Star, free-milling gold mines. In Central district were the smuggler, John Jay, Last Chance, Longfellow, and Golden Age. The Gold Hill, Grand Island, Sunshine, Sugar Loaf, and Magnolia districts had good mines, which up to 1886 worked up to their greatest point of productiveness. Placer mines were neglected. Smith's Rept on Development of Colorado, 1881-2, 30, being the annual report of the state geologist. There were, in f1880, 9 mills, running 185 stamps, at work in Boulder county. Fossett, Colorado, 260.
9 The coal of Boulder county is a free-burning lignite, of jet black color and high lustre. Coal was first developed here in 1860. In 1864 Joseph W. Mar- shall, one of the owners, after whom the coal-mining town of Marshall was named, William L. Lee, Mylo Lee, and A. G. Langford erected a small blast- furnace at this place, and made 200 tons of pig-iron from the red hematite ores which abound in the locality. The Marshall mine was worked for several years on a small scale; but when the Golden, Boulder, and Caribou railroad : was completed, in 1878, the output immediately increased to 50,000 tons annually. Tice's Over the Plains, 86-7; Rocky Mountain News, May 6, 1868; Clear Creek and Boulder Val. Hist., 421. Louisville is another coal-mining town on the Colorado Central railroad, 12 miles from Boulder. C. C. Welch of Golden conceived the idea of boring for coal at this place, where itis found 200 feet below the surface. The town was named after Louis Niwatany, a Polander, who had charge of the explorations. This mine was sold to Jay Gould, of the Union Pacific R. R., in 1879, with all its equipments, Louisville has a population of about 600. Among the permanent settlers in Coal Creek valley are the pioneer families of David Kerr, Robert Niver, W. C. Hake, first president of the South Boulder and Coal Creek Ditch company, G. W. Eggleston, A. M. Wylam, and James Minks. Niver, who is a well-to-do farmer, was the projector of the South Boulder and Coal Creek Ditch com- pany, of which he was superintendent and stockholder, the benefit of which to the valley has been great.
10 The Davidson Coal and Iron Mining company was incorporated in 1873, with a capital stock of $160,000, organized by William A. Davidson, Jona- than S. Smith, George W. Smiley, Charles B. Kountze, and William B. Berger. The company owned 8,000 acres on the line of the Colorado Central railroad, S miles from Boulder.
579
BOULDER.
acres in the valleys of Boulder, St Vrain,11 Left Hand, and Little Thompson creeks, including foot-hill lands with timber, building stone, water, iron, and coal con- venient to railroad transportation. A location was chosen for a town about thirty miles due east from Long's peak, the view of which gave it the name of Longmont. The founders of the colony did not find it an Arcadia, but taking it all in all, it proved a good investment. The town, which was incorporated in 1873, had in 1886 1,800 inhabitants, excellent schools, local journals, several churches, important agricul- tural and milling interests, and a railroad connecting it with the Erie and Canfield12 coal banks, and was on the line of the Colorado Central railroad.
Boulder City, the county seat of Boulder county, was incorporated in November 1871,43 and had in 1886 a population of 6,000, railroad communication with Denver 14 and the other principal towns of north- ern Colorado and the main line of the Union Pacific, sampling and smelting-works, and flouring mills,15
11 In St Vrain valley still reside some of the settlers of 1859, namely: Coffman, Pennock, Allen, Hamlin, Affalter, Peck, Isaac Runyon, B. F. - Franklin, John C. Carter, Lyman Smead, David Taylor, Harrison Goodwin, Perry White, Richard Blore, Weese brothers, Thomas McClain, C. C. True, George W. Webster, Fred, George C., and Lawson Beckwith, Alf. and Wash. Cashman, John Hagar, Powell, Ripley. Mason, Manners, and Dickson.
12 Canfield is another coal-mining town on the Denver and Boulder Valley railroad, 12 miles from Boulder. There were three mines, two owned by the Star Consolidated Coal-mining company, and another, opened in 1879, called the Jackson.
13 Its mayors have been James Ellison, James P. Maxwell, Charles G. Van Fleet, and John A. Ellet. Maxwell was born in Wis. in 1839, and came to Colorado in 1860, settling first in Gilpin co. at mining and lumber dealing. He removed to Boulder in 1872, and engaged in farming and stock-raising. He was elected to the territorial legislature in 1872 and 1874, to the state general assembly in 1876 as senator, and in 1878 was chosen president of the senate pro tem. He was also elected co. treas. in 1880. Charles C. Brace, elected in 1885, came to Colorado in 1876 from Grand Rapids, Mich., where he was born in 1849. He studied medicine in the Hahnemann medical col- lege of Chicago, coming direct to Boulder after graduating. He was chosen president of the Colorado State Homeopathic Medical society.
1+ While the population was only a few hundred the citizens subscribed $45,000 to secure a branch from the Denver and Boulder Valley R. R. Be- fore it was completed the Colorado Central had reached them.
15 The sampling-works were erected by N. P. Hill, manager of the Boston and Colorado Smelting co., the smelting-works by J. H. Boyd, in 1874. The Boulder City flouring-mill was erected in 1872 by Jay and D. K. Sternberg; the Colorado state mill in 1877 by Mrs.E. B. Yount.
580
COUNTIES OF COLORADO.
which purchased most of the wheat grown. in the county. The business of the town and vicinity sup- ported several banks. 16 It had a good system of water-works, erected in 1874 at a cost of $50,000, a fire department organized in 1875, excellent public schools,11 newspapers, churches,18 various benevolent so- cieties, a public library,19 and the state university. This last distinction was obtained from the legislature of 1861 and the corner-stone laid September 17, 1875. The pre- paratory and normal departments were opened in 1877, since which period it has increased and prospered.20 There are few towns of importance in the county.31
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