USA > Massachusetts > Franklin County > Deerfield > History of Deerfield, Massachusetts: the times when the people by whom it was settled, unsettled and resettled, vol 1 > Part 46
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An account of what was promised to be lent unto ye town and by whom :-
Ens Mehuman Hinsdell,
Dea Thos French,
£ I IO
Ens Jon'th Wells,
5 Cpt Thos Wells, 10 00
Lut Eben'r Smead,
5 Dea Sam'll Childs, 4 00
Dan'll Arms,
IO Eben'r Wells,
5 00
John Arms,
5
Jno Stebbins, 5 00
Dea Sam'll Field,
3 Jon'th Hoyt, 5 00
There is no reason to doubt that the intention of the town to procure a bell at this time was carried out. But its tones never reached the ear of the one who of all others must have been the most interested to hear it.
The preparations for building a meetinghouse were inter- rupted, and the community thrown into confusion by the sudden death of Mr. Williams. He was struck senseless by apoplexy, June 9th, 1729, and died on the 12th, at the age of sixty-four, after a faithful ministry of forty-three years. The character and standing of our pastor in the colony may be seen by expressions gathered from contemporary writers. It appears that his death was considered not only "a Grievous breach upon Deerfield," but his loss was widely felt and la- mented, for with him fell "one of the pillars of the Land."
"In his loss the Public sustained no Little Loss of Strength and Glory." He was one of "those who shone as Lights in the world, and taught by example as well as Preaching."
"He was an ardent lover of New England, its religious principles, its Ecclesiastical and Civil Rights & Liberties."
"He was charitable, peaceful & benign, full of respect to superi- ors, condescention to Inferiors, & Civility to all; Candid to the Faults of others; patient under Injuries; of a most forgiving Spirit; and a Hater of Contention."
"His heart was engaged in his work, and he was abundant in his labors, both in season, and out of season, plainly, faithfully & fre- quently, warning, urging & intreating."
"He was much in prayer & singularly gifted in it," and "his prayers, counsel & example did not a little to the encouragement of his people."
June 17th, 1729, the town voted "to Render unto ye Reverª Mr. Chauncy the thanks of this town for his funeral sermon preached here & to request of him a copy thereof for the press."
This was printed at Boston the same year. A single copy has recently been found ; it is an able and appropriate discourse by Rev. Isaac Chauncy of Hadley. After the fashion of the times it is divided and subdivided into forty-two numbered
459
FUNERAL SERMON BY REV. ISAAC CHAUNCY.
heads. The following extracts are taken from that part de- voted to a full estimate of the character of Mr. Williams: -
His Piety. He was one that not only savoier'd of Piety in his Conversation or Ordinary Discourse, but loved the House of God, and the place where God's Honour dwells. His Spiritual Appetite to heavenly things he discover'd not only by his being at the Chief place of Concourse, one of the first of the Inhabitants, but by fre- quenting those Lectures which were seven, thirteen, eighteen miles distant from him. Yea, he discovered his Piety by making Religion his business by being frequent at his Devotions by his strict Observ- ance of the Sabath, and Fast-days whether Public or Private.
His Zeal. Your Teacher displaid his Zeal against Sin by his im- partial administration of Reproofs to Sinners, and of Discipline to- wards the Scandalous. As he was Patrone of Innocence, so he was a Boanerges when there was Occasion for it-As for those who were upon the Brink of Destruction, and in the Suburbs of Hell, he en- deavour'd by the Terrours of the Law to unveil their eyes, and rowse them from their Slumber, that they might escape the Talons of the Infernal Fiend and flee for Refuge, to lay hold on the hope set before them. He worthily attempted to Stem the Tide of Corruption and the Torrent of Iniquity, by linking to it the dangerous consequents of it, and by discovering the Rocks and Shelves that Sinners were in danger of.
His Affections. In his Writings he useth the most loving Compel- lations, and addresseth himself to those he was concerned for in an Endearing Language. And where he might with Authority, com- mand, then for Loves-sake he rather beseecheth, that he might in- gratiate himself with them, and insinuate into their affections-that he might catch them with holy Craft and Guile, and render his Ad- monitions, Warnings and Exhortations more acceptable.
His Strength. It's true, your Reverend Pastor hath been with you above forty years; but if we consider his activity, and the firmness of his Constitution, they gave a hopeful Prospect of a longer Con- tinuance.
His Love of His Work. I'll instance four things which belong to the Sacred Function viz., Visiting the Sick, Reading good Books, Preaching and Praying, and he delighted in them all. He would not only visit the sick when desired, but he would visit them unsent for; yea, he would (when divers were sick) walk the Circuit almost every day, and visit them all except they were remote from him. He had the spirit and Gift of Prayer, and could accomodate his Expres- sions to any emergent Occasion. He chearfully laid hold of all op- portunities to pour out his Soul before God; for Prayer seemed to be his Element. And that he might not neglect the Business of feed- ing of Souls with the Bread of Life, but promote their Edification by his Ministerial Tallents, he was careful not to entangle himself in with Affairs of this Life, or encumber himself with Secular Cares. He did not content himself with Preaching upon the Lord's Day, but would frequently Preach upon Week-days. His Custom was to Preach a Lecture once a month, and a Sermon the Friday before the Sacra- ment, and frequently a Sermon either to the Elderly, or to the young
460
MR. WILLIAMS AND THE MEETINGHOUSE.
people. He preached so often, that his example is scarcely to be parrallel'd.
His Example. In the Conversation of your spiritual Guide, there was a lively Image of those Vertues and Graces, which he recom- ended to the practice of his Hearers :-
I. He was Public Spirited. How careful was he to inform himself of the Transactions and Affairs of Europe, and to understand the State and Circumstaces of the Province, that he might calculate his Prayers accordingly; Religion exalted his Spirit and inspired it with generous and beneficent Affections to the Publick, and those in whom the publick Trust was reposed. And how he was grieved, when he understood that things ran in a wrong Channel, and how was his Spirit rejoyced when publick Affairs were in a flourishing Posture.
2. He was Valiant and Courageous, a man of Fortitude and Reso- lution. In the Heat of the War, when Deerfield was the Frontier Plantation, he stood his ground and encouraged his Neighbors to do so too. And when the Enemy had taken his Fort and entred his Lodging Room, he attempted to kill some of them, but Providence prevented him. And when at Canada, he was threatened with sudden Death by a violent hand if he would not conform to the Romish wor- ship, he resolutely resisted the Temptation, and came off a Conquer- or. The menaces of Death could not unsettle his noble Resolutions, or tempt him to stain and eclipse his Vertue, or to blur his Evidences for Heaven.
3. He was Patient under Affliction. His Captivity was a Complicat- ed affliction, and his Conduct under it a considerable passage in the Scene of his Life. It was a stumbling block to some that such a Religious Family should meet with so much Adversity. His Loving Consort was Slain, and two pleasant Branches of his family were lop'd off by the Sword of the Wilderness, and Several Others together with himself led into Captivity into a Strange Land and his House plunder'd and burnt to the Ground. Under all his trials, who ever heard him open his mouth in a way of murmuring and repining? Under dismal Aspects of Divine Providence, he encouraged himself in his God, and took Shelter in the Munition of Rocks He readily took upon him his Cross, yielded Passive Obedience, and Glorified God, by ascribing righteousness to him, and acknowledging his Sov- ereignty and Resignation to the Divine Disposal did hush, quiet and compose his thoughts, lenefie the bitterness of his Sorrows, and for- tify his mind: So that he did in patience posses his own Soul.
4. He was Grateful to Benefactors. After his Return from Canada Divine Providence took Special care of him and his and rais'd up Relief and Friends for them :-- there were Several at Boston who were moved with Compassion towards him and his Family, and accord- ingly were liberal and open-handed towards them. Yea, there was a Publick Collection at Hartford to Repair there Losses, and to set them up again. ' And he did not think it below him to have his Es- tate repaired in part by Contribution, neither was he ashamed to make an acknowledgment to his bountiful friends :- yea, when he had Liberty of access to the Throne of Grace, he frequently, if not always prefer'd this Petition, Lord reward our Benfactors.
5. He was Hospitable. He having a well furnished Table (for you
.
461
HE WAS CHARITABLE, HUMBLE AND TEMPERATE.
must note, that his Life was checker'd with Adversity, and Prosper- ity, as Job's was) he cared not to eat his Morsal Alone And having the portion of a full and overflowing Cup, others might be welcome to share in it. How often did he invite persons of other Towns (oc- casionally there) to rest and repose themselves under his Roof, And his winning carriage was an Inducment to them to accept of the In- vitation.
6. He was Charitable to the Poor. He was remarkable for Charity and Benificence to those who wanted Necessaries for the Support of there natural life. He did not rest in verbal Expressions of Kind- ness, but furnished them with real Supplies and he not only relieved them with his own hand, but stirred up the people to make Contri- butions, that their might be a Fund or Stock, out of which the Stewards of the Church Alms might Communicate to them, before they were reduced to Extremities.
7. He was in his Carraige obliging to all. Nature and Grace com- bin'd to plant a blessed Temper in his Breast, So that he had all the Attractiveness of humane Conversation Chearfulness, Sweets of Be- havior, proffitable discourse. He behaved himself towards his Supe- riors with submission, Modesty and Respect, towards his Inferiours, and persons of low Estate with Condescention and affability, towards his Equals with becoming familiarity * * And it was his En- deavour to live inoffensively towards all men, and to promote peace & unity amongst his Neighbours. In a word Religion inspired him with every social Vertue, which would brighten his character; and his Vertues like glittering Flowers sent forth their grateful Odours.
8. He had a low, modest and Sober Opinion of himself and his own Abilities. And he was not ambitious of Superiority, but was forward to give others the Preemience, beyond what is common in persons of his Rank and Character % was not confident in matters of doubtful Disputation, did not judge and censure those, that dif- fered from him in Extrafundamentals.
9. He was temperate in Eating and Drinking. His views and hap- piness did not centre in sensual Gratifications * * * He was so far from overcharging his heart with Sufeiting and Drunkenness, or indulging his sensual appetite in any excesses, that as to eating, he would frequently at Festival Entertainments rise from the table be- fore others were done; and as to Drinking, he would sometimes deny himself that lawful Liberty of refreshing himself after Preaching, that he might not give the least countenance to the love of strong Drink.
10. He was just in his Dealings. He was careful to wrong none, to give to every one there Due, to be plain and upright in his Dealings with others, to owe no man anything but to love one another. He could make the same Challings that Samuel did to the people & come off triumphantly (no doubt) as well as he.
11. He was careful to perform Relative Duties. How Careful was he to fill up every Relation he stood to his Household, with the proper and genuine Duties belonging to it? In the Conjugal Rela- tion he was a Loving Husband, in the Parental Relation he was a tender Father, in the Relation of a Governor of a Family, he trained
462
MR. WILLIAMS AND THE MEETINGHOUSE.
them up in a Knowledge and Observance of Divine Laws he instill'd Sound and Orthodox Principeles into there Minds, he set good Ex- amples before them and kept them under the Restraints of whole- some Discipline that he might form there Souls to Vertue.
12. He was weaned from the world. I'll mention two instances of his Mortification to the world. One is, when he return'd from Cap- tivity he was importunely invited to settle where his worldly Inter- ests might be more promoted, than if he return'd to Dearfield; and there were plausible Pleas he might have made for his accepting the Invitations, since Deerfield was in a Shatter'd Condition, and re- duc'd to a Small Number, and his own family had Suffer'd so much there and might suffer a great deal more, if he return'd. But he consulted not Flesh and Blood, but resolved to return to his Charge and spend the Remainder of his dayes with them; though it interfered with his Secular Interest. The other Instance of his Contempt of the World was in leaving the Quantity of his Salary to the determi- nation of the people, without intermedling with it himself.
Humble yourselves under the mighty Hand of God, that he may exhalt you in due time. A good man, and worthy Minister is fallen in our Israel. There is a great breach made upon the Ecclesiastical Order *
* * And as to this Church and Congregation, who are as Sheep without a Shephard, You ought to lament it, that the Crown is fallen from your head: Your Pious Instructer was had in honor for his Works Sake, whilst he lived, and you should Embalm his Memory now he is Dead. Examine the Ground of God's Contro- versy, and wherefore it is, that God hath been pleased thus to be contending with you. Lament your Unprofitableness under Means and pray that God would not lay to your Charge your Barrenness and Unfruitfulness in his Vinyard ¥ * * Pray that God would sanctify this Providence to you and yours, though he comes as a Spirit of Judgment, and a Spirit of burning, as a Refiners Fire and Fullers Soap: You are under a frown of Heaven, wrestle therefore in Prayer for Comfort and Joy in the Return of God's favour to you.
John Williams, born Dec. 10th, 1664, was the sixth of the thirteen children of Samuel and Theoda (Park) Williams. His father, deacon and shoemaker of Roxbury, who died in 1698, at the age of sixty-five, came from Norwich, England, with Robert his father, about 1637. John was educated by William Park, his maternal grandfather. He was graduated from Harvard College in 1683, in his nineteenth year, the second in a class of three; the first being Samuel Danforth, liis minister's son, and the third. William Williams, his double cousin, their fathers being brothers who married sisters. Graduates were ranked in the catalogue then, not by merit, but according to station in society ; and Danforth, son and grandson of a minister, of course stood first. John came next, we may suppose, by virtue of his father being a deacon,
463
FAITH IN SPECIAL PROVIDENCES.
while the father of William was only a captain, and repre- sentative to the General Court.
These three young men were married about the same time, and all entered the ministry the same year. Danforth at Taunton, where, after raising fourteen children, he died in 1727, at the age of sixty-one. William Williams settled in Hatfield, and the early intimacy between the cousins was kept up until the death of John. The latter began preaching here about the middle of June, 1686, and continued " dis- pensing the blessed word of God" and was ordained, Oct. 17th, 1688, at the age of twenty-four.
From the very first Mr. Williams seems to have had the confidence of the people, and he was prominent in all their affairs, civil and military. He was generally their mouth- piece in communication with the colonial authorities, and was intimate with the leading men in the colony.
In 1709 he was appointed chaplain in the expedition fitting out for Canada. In 1710, and again in 1711, he was selected for the same duty. In 1714 he was appointed commissioner, to go with Col. John Stoddard to Canada, to arrange for the release of captives. For a full account of this important mission, see "Stoddard's Journal." Prince says :-
Mr. Williams used every May, yearly, to come down to the Gener- al Convention of Ministers of the Province of Boston; where he was always very affectionately entertained.
At the convention in May, 1728, (being chosen the year before) he preached a very moving Sermon to the Ministers; when, I remember, he expressed his Joy in the great Advantage we at that Time had above the preceding Ministers in the General Awakenings thro' the Land by the Great Earthquake in October foregoing.
Prince speaks of him again as "a Person of eminent Piety, Humility, Sincerity and Sweetness of Temper." His most prominent characteristics seem to have been faith in God, and in the efficacy of prayer. He was a firm believer in spe- cial providences, and often noted common, every-day events as coming in immediate and direct answer to his prayers. His aim was to glorify God for all blessings, and justify his ways, under all circumstances, however adverse. His rela- tions to his people were tender and considerate. With them he cheerfully struggled for the bare necessaries of life dur- ing the long years of Indian hostilities. In a letter to Gov.
464
MR. WILLIAMS AND THE MEETINGHOUSE.
Dudley, Oct. 21st, 1703, he says, while asking aid for the town,-
Formerly I was moved by certain knowledge of their poverty and distress to abate them of my salary for several years together, tho' they never asked it of me, & now their children must suffer for want of clothing, or the country consider them, & I abate them what they are to pay me. I never found the people unwilling to do when they had the ability; yea, they have often done above their ability.
This presents a touching glimpse of the condition and re- lations of the pastor and people.
Several of his manuscript sermons are in the collections at Memorial Hall; but it is almost impossible to decipher them. His published writings are a sermon "preacht at Springfield Lecture, Aug. 25, 1698," on the execution of Sarah Smith,- Boston, 1699. A "Pastoral Letter" to a company of captives when leaving Canada for home, May 30th, 1706. This was printed by Mather before the return of Mr. Williams, and with it a wretched poem of one hundred and forty-four lines, addressed to his son then in Canada ; and another of one hun- dred and four lines of like quality, credited to Mary French but evidently the composition of Mr. Williams. In both pie- ty was abundant, but poetry was conspicuously absent. "The Redeemed Captive," with the annexed sermon, preached at Boston Lecture, December 5th, 1706, was published in March, 1707 ; and soon after, another sermon, preached before the Governor and General Court, entitled "God in the Camp; or the only way for a People to Engage the Presence of God with their Armies." No other printed works are found un- til after his death, when abstracts of several of his sermons were published under the title of " A Serious Word to the Posterity of Holy Men, calling upon them to Exault their fathers' God."
" The Redeemed Captive" is a well-known account of his captivity and sufferings in Canada. It has passed through many editions, and was never more sought after than now. It is a work of great historical value to the student of the French and Indian wars; the relation of captor and captive is nowhere else so well shown. At his death Mr. Williams left a library containing one hundred and ninety volumes, and three hundred and forty-nine pamphlets. This library was a rich collection, under the circumstances, but there was no
465
AN OLD TIME MINISTER'S LIBRARY.
poetry, or so-called fiction. The catalogue of this library is given entire, probably a rare instance of a complete minis- terial library of that period.
Inventory of the library of Rev John Williams taken by Capt Thomas Wells, Deacon Samuel Childs and Deacon Samuel Field. Re- ported at Court Sept 3, 1729.
Bible & Psalm book 15s, Concordance 35S, £2 10 0
Burket 30s, 3 vols of Henry £3 15, Willards Body &c £2 00, 7 50
A Petri 8, Calvin on Isaiah 8, Plutarchs Lives 8, I 4 0
Burgess' Scripture directory & Spiritual Refinings, 0 18 O
Moreland of Persecution 8, Shepherds Parable 12, I 0 0
Wilsons Dictionary 10, Vine's Gods Withdrawing 4,
0 14 O
French book 4, St Martyr 4, Squires Exposition 3, Aretius 2,
0 13 0
Moores Warnings 3, Early Piety 4, Le pastoral 4. Heaven Opened 2,
0 13 0
Wadsworths Guide 2-6, Life of Justification 2-6, Taylor's Christs Victo- ry 3, 8
Tradition 3, Corbetts Remains 4, Elton's Tryumph 5, Dr Sibbe's Return- ing 4, 16
Strong's Select Sermons 7, Shutes Divine Cordial 2-6, Philips Mourn- ing [?] 2-6, 12 0
Raynolds 3, Treatises 10, J. N. on Joel 4, Stevens on Original Sin 2-6, I6 6
Peter's Repentance 2-6, Sclators Key 1-6, Sharps Divine Comfort 5, 90
Silenus' Mr Appleton 4, Ratio Discipline 2, De Launs Plea 2-6, 9 6
Indian Converts 7, Pope's Sure Refuge 2, Hobarts Absence 2-6, II 6
Gazeteer 3, Flavell on Fear 3, Pastor 6, Pemberton's Sermons 14, I 0 6
Bervridge on Prayer 2, Prince's Ordination 2, Willards Fountain &c 2,
6 0
Mr Henry's Life 4, Hall's Great Imposture 2-6, Stoddards Sermons 2-6, Mathers Heavenly &c 2, A Grey 2, Wms Great Salvation 2-6, Malachi I, 7 6
9 0
Nesscons Popery I-6, Pastoral desires I, Divine Warnings I-6, Gods Ex- istance I,
5 0
Lylyes Anatomy 9, Woodwards 12 Sermons 2-6, The Redeemed Cap- tive I-6,
13 0
Foxcrofts Godly &c 2-6, Stoddards Vertue of &c 2, Wms Duty I-6,
6 0
Taylors Parables 6, A Diswasive Power &c 2-6, Origo Protestantium 3,
II 6
Mathers Solemn &c I, Maslorat 5, Parei Opera 2 vols 30,
I 16 0
· Tirini Comment 4, Clavis Scripture 5, Thomas Aquinas 5, Comment Posantre 5, Opera Junii 2 vols 12, Eusebius 6,
I
3 0
John Martyr 8, Roger's 7 Treatisis 6, Top of Praises 2-6,
I6 6
French History I, De Ancilus [?] Div. 2-6, Homilus 2 vols 6,
9 6
Mager's English 4, Gerhards Com's Places £1-16, Tennezi Sacra 2-6, Poliandri Comment 5, Thesauries Sap 6d, Clarkson on Liturgus 4,
9 6
Two old Homilies 3, Polanies on Hosea 2-6, Cornelius on Romans I, Catechisms ad &c I, Idea Theologia I-6, Thesaurus Poeticus I, 3 6
6 6
Book without a title 6d, Walters Practich &c 2, Ad Appium 8d
3 2
The Strait Gait 1-6, Mather of Faith &c 1-6, Ditto the Glory of 1-6, Personal Reformation 2, Our Saviour's Legacy I-6,
3 6
Meditations on the Glory &c 1-6, Sermons by J M 1-3,
2 9
Three Essays 1-3, Szegidinus [?] 6, Philip of Mourning I, The Arrae- gum I-6,
4 3
Sphera & Hedham gd, Pashions of the Mind 1-6, Comment on Lamenta- tions I-6,
3 9
Tryal of Romish Clergy farwell Sermons 2, Catechisms and Solo- mons 2-6,
4 6
Theryer 4, Justinas 1-6, Arithmetick Sd & Desires Sd, Comment in Oc- ta I-6,
8 4
Catrehesis Religions 1-6, Rolloct in Epist I, French book 4d, Ezasmic Tonus 8d,
3 6
Communicants Companion 4, Foxcroft on Psalm II9 2-6,
6 6
Psalterium 1-6, Perils of the Times 1-3, Williams' Funeral Sermons I, Froughton 1-6, Joshua's Resolution 1-6, Wadsworth's Invitation I-6,
3 9
4 6
I4 0
2 2 9
4 6
466
MR. WILLIAMS AND THE MEETINGHOUSE.
Hale of Witchcraft 2, Walter on Vain Tho'ts 2, Christianus I-6, £
5 6 Wadsworth on the Judgment 1-6, Lord on Baptism I, 2 6 Mather on Earthquakes I, Cotton's 2 Sermons I, 2 0
Wadsworth on the Sacrament I-3, Sanctifying 1-3, A disquisition I, 3 6
Coleman on Mirth 1-6, Works of God 6d, Now or Never by J [[?] M 8d, 2 8 Looking Glass I-S, The Well ordered family I, A Call to Delaying &c I-2, 3 5 Old Psalm book I, Victorina 8d, French Dictionary 12, Prideaux Cou- nest [?] 2 vols 25, I 18 8
Bonifacius 2, Dr Mathers Life 8, 349 Pamphlets £5, 22 Catechisms 10, 6 00
Sixty of Mr Williams Sermons @ 6d, I IO O
Some Sermons of Mr Flavell Concerning Christs Tender Care for his Mother, which were distributed amongst the family.
£44 0 3
His real estate was :-
Home lot & buildings, £300; 20 acres at Cheapside, at £23, £460, £760
Great Meadow Land 8 acres at £IS, I44
Ten acres at Eagle Brook at £9, 90
The great pasture at Deerfield River, 100
Wood land at Cheapside, £20; Islands in Great River, £2, 22
New Fort & New Field 16 acres at £5 IOS, 88
54
Country Farm Land 14 acres, 114 rods at 20S, 14
I6
Total of real estate, £1288
The inventory of personal property would fill several pages ; it was minute down to the smallest article of house- hold use. Some interesting items are given :-
The Mulatto boy Meseek,
£80 00
The Black boy Kedar, 80 00
Two Neck bands at 3s per band,
6
4 Bands 2s, 4 old bands, 3s, I silk muslin handkerchief Is, 6
2 pair shoes I4s, I pair boots 5s,
19
Blue china, Curtains and vallants,
6 00 .
Blue Linsey Woolsey Curtains & Vallants,
05
Calico Curtains & Green vallants,
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