USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Lincoln > Town Report on Lincoln 1902-1906 > Part 26
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4. No house slops, sink waste, water which has been used for washing or cooking, or other polluted water, shall be dis- charged into Sandy Pond, so called, said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply, or into any reservoir, lake, pond, stream, ditch, water course or other open waters, the water of which flows directly or ultimately into said Sandy Pond; and no house slops, sink waste, water which has been used for washing or cooking, or other polluted water, shall be discharged into the ground within fifty feet, or upon the ground within two hundred and fifty feet, of high-water mark of said Sandy Pond, or into the ground within fifty feet, or upon the ground within two hun- dred and fifty feet of high-water mark of any open waters flowing as aforesaid into said Sandy Pond.
5. No garbage, manure or putrescible matter whatsoever shall be put into Sandy Pond, so called, said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply, or into any reservoir, lake, pond, stream, ditch, water course or other open waters, the water of which flows directly or ultimately into said Sandy Pond; and no garbage, manure, or putrescible matter whatsoever shall, except in the cultiva- tion and use of the soil in the ordinary methods of agriculture, be put upon the ground within two hundred and fifty feet of
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high-water mark of said Sandy Pond, or within two hundred and fifty feet of high-water mark of any open waters flowing as aforesaid into said Sandy Pond.
6. No stable, pig-sty, hen-house, barn-yard, hog-yard, hitching or standing place for horses, cattle or other animals, or other place where animal manure is deposited or accumu- lates, shall be located, constructed or maintained, any part of which is within fifty feet of high-water mark of Sandy Pond, so called, said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply, or within fifty feet of high-water mark of any reservoir, lake, pond, stream, ditch, water course, or other open waters, the water of which flows directly or ultimately into said Sandy Pond. No stable or other place, as above enumerated, shall be located, constructed or maintained within two hundred and fifty feet of high-water mark of said Sandy Pond, or within two hundred and fifty feet high-water mark of any open waters flowing as aforesaid into said Sandy Pond, unless suitable and adequate provision is made to prevent any manure or other polluting matter from flowing or being washed into said pond or such open waters.
7. No lands, which were not under the control of cemetery authorities and used for cemetery purposes on September 3, 1903, from which the natural drainage flows into Sandy Pond, so called, said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply, or into any reservoir, lake, pond, stream, ditch, water course or other open waters, the water of which flows directly or ultimately into said Sandy Pond, shall be taken or used for cemetery purposes until a plan and description of the lands which it is proposed to use for such purposes, sufficient for their identification, shall be presented to the State Board of Health, and until such taking or use shall be approved in writing by said State Board of Health.
8. No manufacturing refuse or waste products or polluting liquid, or other substance of a nature poisonous or injurious either to human beings or animals, or other putrescible matter whatsoever, shall be discharged directly into, or at any place
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from which it may flow or be washed or carried into, Sandy Pond, so called, said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply, or into any reservoir, lake, pond, stream, ditch, water course or other open waters, the water of which flows directly or ultimately into said Sandy Pond.
9. No system of sewers or other works for the collection, conveyance, disposal or purification of domestic or manu- facturing sewage or drainage, or any other putrescible matter whatsoever, shall, except in accordance with plans first approved in writing by the State Board of Health, be con- structed or maintained at any place within the watershed of Sandy Pond, so called, said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply. No private or separate sewer shall be constructed or maintained, having an outlet upon or in the ground within two hundred and fifty feet of high-water mark of said Sandy Pond, or within two hundred and fifty feet of high-water mark of any reservation, lake, pond, stream, ditch, water course or other open waters, the water of which flows directly or ultimately into said Sandy Pond.
10. No public or private hospital, or other place intended for the reception or treatment of persons afflicted with a contagious or infectious disease, shall, until the location and construction thereof have been approved in writing by the State Board of Health, be located or constructed at any place within the watershed of Sandy Pond, so called, said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply. No public or private hospital, or other place in- tended for the reception or treatment of persons afflicted with a contagious or infectious disease, shall be maintained at any place within such watershed, unless all the provisions required by the State Board of Health for the purification or disposal of sewage, drainage or other polluting or organic matter which may be discharged therefrom, having been complied with, and unless all orders issued from time to time by said State Board of Health in relation to the putrification and disposal
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of sewage, drainage and other polluting or organic matter, which may be discharged therefrom, are fully complied with.
11. No tannery, currying shop, or other establishment or place where the skin, wool, hair or fur of any animal is treated, shall, until the location and construction thereof have been ap- proved in writing by the State Board of Health, be located or constructed at any place within the watershed of Sandy Pond so called, said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply. No tannery, currying shop, or other establishment or place where the skin, wool, hair or fur of any animal is treated, shall be maintained at any place within such watershed, unless all the provisions required by the State Board of Health for the purification or disposal of sewage, drainage or other polluting or organic matter which may be discharged therefrom, have been complied with, and unless all orders issued from time to time by said State Board of Health in relation to the purification and disposal of sewage, drainage and other polluting or organic matter which may be discharged therefrom, are fully complied with.
12. No slaughter house or other building for carrying on the business of slaughtering cattle, sheep or other animals, and no melting or rendering establishment, shall, until the location and construction thereof have been approved in writing by the State Board of Health, be located or constructed at any place within the watershed of Sandy Pond, so called, said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply. No slaughter house or other building for carrying on the business of slaughtering cattle, sheep or other animals, and no melting or rendering establish- ment, shall be maintained at any place within such watershed, unless all the provisions required by the State Board of Health for the purification or disposal of sewage, drainage or other polluting or organic matter, which may be discharged there- from, having been complied with, and unless all orders issued
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from time to time by said State Board of Health in relation to the purification and disposal of sewage, drainage and other polluting or organic matter, which may be discharged there- from, are fully complied with.
13. No person shall bathe in, and no person shall, unless permitted by a special regulation or by a written permit of the Board of Water Commissioners of the town of Lincoln, fish in, or send, drive or put any animal into Sandy Pond, so called said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply. No person other than a member of said Board of Water Commissioners, its officers, agents or employees, or a member of the Board of Water Commis- sioners of the town of Concord, its officers, agents or employees, or public officers whose duties may so require, shall, unless so permitted by regulation or permit of said Board of Water Commissioners of the town of Lincoln, enter or go, in any boat, skiff, raft or other contrivance, on or upon the water of said pond, nor shall enter or go upon, or drive any animal upon, the ice of said pond.
14. No person shall enter upon Sandy Pond, so called, said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply, for the purpose of cutting or taking ice, or cut or take ice from said pond, without a written permit, signed by the Board of Water Commissioners of the town of Lincoln, stating the time and place for which such permission is given.
15. All reports which may be made to any board of health, or to any health officer of any town, of cases of contagious or infectious disease occurring within the watershed of Sandy Pond, so called, said pond being in the town of Lincoln and used by said town as a source of water supply, shall be open to the inspection at all reasonable times of the Board of Water
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Commissioners of the town of Lincoln and the Board of Water Commissioners of the town of Concord, their officers and agents.
By order of the Board, SAMUEL W. ABBOTT, Secretary.
A true copy. 1 Jos. S. HART,
Sec'ty Board of Water Commissioners of the Town of Lincoln. Attest :
Lincoln, Mass., Sept. 11th, 1903.
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Report of Tree Warden.
In the spring I went over the town taking off the brown- tail moth nests on the road-side trees.
As the moths are a new thing, if I saw any nests from the road-side, or places where they would be likely to be, I went over to look for them, and where found showed them to the owner, or person in charge, so they might know what to look for.
Any one familiar with the amount of nests on the trees in the towns to the north and west of Boston, knowing that the caterpillars devour practically every kind of foliage, and cause a severe irritation like ivy-poison, will appreciate the menace this insect is to the town of Lincoln.
For some reason there were less nests in town in the spring of 1904 than of 1903, but for 1905 there are nearly 500 times as many as last year. While this last year seems to have been a favorable one for them, the best explanation I have learned for their increase in Lincoln is the suggestion from Prof. Fernald, that the wind was east while the moths were flying.
As our trees are one of Lincoln's greatest attractions it would seem wise to do what we can to keep this insect in check. The best remedy at present is to cut off and burn the nests, which can best be done when the trees are bare of regular foliage. Of the fruit trees the moth has a slight preference for the pear, and of the forest trees, the white oak and wild cherry. I also looked over what fruit trees I found that had been set within six or eight years, for the San Jose scale. It is considered one of the worst orchard pests in America.
The scale is so small that it is quite difficult to detect un- til it is thoroughly established, and where once established
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is carried by the wind, birds and insects, and it is considered almost impossible to free the section from it. It has been found in ten places in town, so distributed as to make it liable to appear almost anywhere. Any one having set out fruit or shrubs of the Rosaceœ family from a nursery within six or eight years will do well to examine them carefully for the scales, and if they find any that they think may be the scale, send a twig of it to Prof. Fernald, of Amherst Agri- cultural College, Mass., or Prof. A. H. Kirkland, 43 Chatham St., Boston, or to the Tree Warden. The best way to control the scale is to spray thoroughly with a lime and sulphur mixture, in the spring, before the foliage ap- pears.
I took H. L. Frost, of Arlington, who does a large busi- ness in spraying and who was recommended by the Secretary of Agriculture, to the places that had not already been treated. He looked over the ground, and gave the owners a price that he would do the spraying for, a price that seemed quite reasonable.
He was not employed by any of them, however.
It did not seem well for the town to begin the work on private ground, as it is considered necessary to spray every two or three years. If it was something that could be thor- oughly stamped out once for all, it might be different. Mr. Cunnert, who had one of the worst cases of scale, seems to be the most successful in combating it.
The Gypsy moth is another danger that threatens our borders.
Roads like the state road, which have a good deal of traffic over them from the infected districts, are liable to have the moth brought by passing teams; or persons driving through the district are liable to bring them to their own places.
W. J. Hunter, who worked with the Gypsy Moth Com- mission when they were in Lincoln, looked the ground over where they were last seen, and reported that he found none. December 31st, Mr. Hunter reported finding one nest of the
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Gypsy moth in East Lincoln, in a district where they had not before been found.
The following is the answer I received from an inquiry of Prof. Kirkland as to how much the work against the Gypsy moth in Lincoln cost the State :
"Replying to yours of the 30th, would say that I do not think the State has kept record of the cost of work in sepa- rate towns. My impression is that we spent $10,000 in Lincoln the first year the Gypsy moth was found there. This covered the cost of the work in the colony, as well as the scouting which was done the next fall.
I think the above estimate is substantially correct."
Still more to be dreaded is the destruction of the trees and the annoyance of the caterpillars on one's premises.
Any one who has seen the work of the Gypsy moth in the infected district, or heard the people from that district, be- fore the committees of the Legislature last spring, or this winter or remembers the amount of money spent by the State to keep it in check will appreciate in a measure its menace to Lincoln, or any other place where it gets a foot- hold.
I quote the following from the Secretary of Agriculture's Report to the Legislature, dated January 4, 1905.
" In this city alone (Malden) at least two hundred acres of wood land and residential districts were completely de- foliated. Property owners report sweeping from one to twelve quarts of caterpillars from house walls every morn- ing during the feeding season. One resident on Glenwood Street who kept a fairly accurate account of the caterpillars so obtained, reported that he had captured and destroyed in this way over a barrel of these insects during the summer. Words can hardly describe the terrible condition existing in northern and eastern Malden, at the height of the caterpillar outbreak."
Mr. C. F. Adams is working through the State and na- tional government to have these pests fought by their para- sites and natural enemies which is nature's way.
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The Department of Agriculture at Washington, through its entymologists has introduced a lady-bug from China, which is reported to be doing good work in keeping the San Jose Scale in check, in California and some of the Southern States. In the spring I sent circulars on the Brown-tail and Gypsy moths and San Jose Scale to some one hundred and twenty-five of the land owners of the town.
The tent caterpillars were taken off the roadside trees.
Some of the roads were gone over for the Fall Web- worms, which were quite abundant this year.
W. J. Hunter did some trimming on the roadsides. One place was on the road from Madam Blodgett's to the Bent's, where there is an especially fine collection of Swamp white oaks.
Several people were notified to take down posters that had been nailed to the roadside trees, and I would again sug- gest that the town place small bill boards at a few corners for necessary posters.
Protest was entered on account of the telephone wires running through the tops of the maples from Mr. Higgin- son's to the Concord and Wayland road, or being placed any where so as to make it practically impossible to grow good shaped trees.
Messrs. Charles S. Wheeler and John F. Farrar being on the road a good deal were appointed deputy wardens for the protection of the trees from damage by the tele- phone men or others.
I wish to thank Mr. Wallace Brooks for looking along the State road and a few other places for the eggs of the Gypsy moth.
Am sorry he would not accept pay for his services as he is a skilful observer.
Respectfully submitted,
EDWARD R. FARRAR.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
SCHOOL COMMITTEE
OF THE
TOWN OF LINCOLN
FOR THE
SCHOOL YEAR 1904
&LI
1746.AS
152
SCHOOL COMMITTEE
JULIUS E. EVELETH, Chairman. EDWARD R. FARRAR, Secretary.
Term expires 1905 66
1907
EDWARD E. BRADLEY. 66 1906
Superintendent of Schools W. N. CRAGIN
Supervisor of Music
ANNIE M. BARNES
Supervisor of Drawing EMILY L. HAINES
TEACHERS
Centre Grammar
CARRIE B. CHAPIN
Centre Sub Grammar
HARRIETTE F. SAWIN
Centre Primary
HATTIE B. HEATH
South Sub Grammar
S. ELLEN BROWN South Primary I. BEATRICE FARNSWORTH
JANITORS
Centre
EDWARD BANNON
South MATHEW H. DOHERTY
TRUANT OFFICERS
JAMES T. LAIRD
HERBERT W. FARRAR
153
Report of the School Committee.
To the Citizens of Lincoln:
The closing of the official year again calls for a general recapitulation of incidents and events connected with the school department.
To present a mass of information that forms even passably interesting matter to the average reader, beyond the usual tables and statistics, is a difficult task. The law of the Commonwealth requires that records be preserved and re- ported to the State department for compilation, either as a part of the general town report, or as a separate document, emanating from the school committee. The further pre- sentation of the matter is governed by common usage and the discretion of the writer. It is sometimes a source of regret that so little food for thought may be gathered from . the routine of school administration, without making too prominent an unpleasant repetition of the reports of pre- ceding years. As the matter stands, a certain amount of consideration must be exercised on the part of the reader and even then without a natural affinity for the subject, the information can hardly be of absorbing interest. A subject affecting us in a personal way is, however, always interest- ing, and when treated in detail is made specially attractive.
The system of supervision which has now become general has done much to enlighten the public on a subject that has hitherto been vaguely treated. The intimate knowledge of technical school work possessed by the various supervisors employed, renders it possible to furnish details which make an instructive report. It is an easy matter to give informa- tion when one has something to say and the subject at hand
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stands second to no other in vital importance to the community.
Be it understood that no great innovation can be made in the average suburban school, or even the school so remote that no suggestion of town environment appears. So evenly balanced is the system governing all, that few changes are admissible from year to year. All towns, however, are not as fortunate as our own in the matter of special instruction. We seem lacking at present but one important addition, that of manual training, physical culture having been taken up the present year through the kindness of one of our teachers whose knowledge of the art is the result of years of active work in a metropolitan school. It is a source of regret that the exercises are at present confined to the Center pupils, but under existing conditions it could hardly be otherwise as Bemis Hall seems the only available place and the distance too far from the South School. The pro- motion each year of the grades will, however, in time furnish the opportunity to all.
Manual training, while not at present practicable with us, is perhaps worthy of consideration in advance, as its influ- ence for good upon the future of many of the pupils is fully established. The question of artisanship is one of great im- portance in its bearings upon the future of many boys. A taste for construction and the discovery of an aptitude for the use of tools may prove the mainspring of a successful career for many a young lad. The future holds something for every one disposed to make an effort, and the degree of success depends upon a start in the right channel. Youth is the time for forming and developing tastes and character, the impressionable age when ideals assume the form of reality.
The time was when young men were offered excellent opportunities in mercantile houses to win a position leading to proprietary interests and ending in subsequent merchants. Those opportunities have grown fewer from year to year as the old system of distribution by middle men, otherwise
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known as wholesale merchants, has rapidly been displaced by the single step from producer to general distributor at retail.
This evolution in business is the outcome of natural causes and will increase in the future rather than diminish, the result of which will augment the demand for technically trained young men. The employment of the masses outside of the professional and clerical classes is destined to be in the field of construction where the skilled artisan and the young man with mechanical tendencies will find his vantage ground. The manufacturer is pre-eminently the successful man of the future, as was the merchant the substantial man of the past. Any branch of instruction with a tendency to the development of skill and the fitting of young men for this change of base, should not be passed lightly by, but receive careful consideration and, as soon as practicable, be taken advantage of.
Care must of course be exercised in the adoption of spe- cial work that the whole school routine does not become superficial. A few things thoroughly understood, and those the most important, will serve the pupil better in the future than a smattering of many things imperfectly digested. It is a grave question whether or not the modern school curric- ulum is not too diversified, especially for pupils who end their study with the Grammar School. With this class largely in preponderance, the matter assumes a still more serious aspect.
With a single exception the administration of the schools remains the same as the previous year. Frequent changes are not desirable as a rule. Conditions may arise, however, whereby both teachers and pupils are benefitted. Care must be exercised that the needs for a change be beyond question and the matter be thoroughly understood by the committee that no injustice be done either teacher or pupils.
The number of pupils in the High School is somewhat reduced from that of the last two years. Twenty-three in Concord and one in Lexington are enrolled at present. A
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strong probability exists that this number will not be materially increased for some years to come. The percent- age of graduates from the Grammar School that attend is so largely in excess of the average of the State that it would hardly be possible to expect a continuation. The present senior class consists of four, viz : Miss Elizabeth Boyce, Miss Helena Dempsey, Miss Ruth T. Welsh, Mr. Warren K. Blodgett. This number will hardly equal the freshman class that will enter the coming autumn, but the difference is so small that we should hardly consider it a permanent gain. A slight variation from year to year may be reasonably expected, but we should predict a decline rather than an increase in the future.
Furthermore, there has been for the last few years a gradual decline in the total school enrollment with no present prospect of an increase. This alone would tend to reduce the number, even though our former high percentage should be maintained. A slight advance in the tuition is under advisement by the Concord Committee, on the basis of the actual cost per capita of maintaining the High School. Their claim is that an equitable division of the expense should be borne by the neighboring towns who take advan- tage of the opportunity offered them. Should the increase be a nominal one, as we have every reason to expect, your committee would strongly advise a continuation of our present method, as the reduced number of pupils will much more than compensate in the sum total for the extra charge of tuition.
The cost of maintaining a High School at home would amount to a fixed sum regardless of the number of pupils in attendance, and if the Concord School has been a matter of economy in the past, it will continue to be under the new regime. Our reference to this matter is based upon economic principles without reference to the superior ad- vantages to our pupils of a school so thoroughly equipped. That a sense of appreciation is felt, and advantage taken of their opportunity, we have but to refer to the kindly remarks
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