USA > Ohio > Columbiana County > History of Columbiana County, Ohio, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 12
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO.
Bracken and P. F. Lines, who removed to the West ; and G. W. Swearingen.
COLUMBIANA COUNTY PIONEER ASSOCIATION.
The first notice of this association found in the society's records is the following, which was published in The New Lisbon .Journal, Monday, Jan. 23, 1871 : " In pursuance to the call published, a large number of citizens and pioncers of the county assembled in Salem, Thursday last, for the purpose of organizing a Pioneer Association for Columbiana County. Gen. J. B. Roller, of Centre town- ship, was called to the chair, and J. K. Rukenbrod ap- pointed secretary. The object of the meeting being stated, a committee of three, consisting of Jumes Leuch, James Hid- dleson, and Joel Yates, was appointed to present to the meeting a form of constitution and by-laws."
The report made by this committee, which embodied the constitution and by-laws, was adopted. The constitution names the organization " Columbiana County Pioneer As- sociation," und provides for the usual officers, to be chosen by ballot, to serve one year or until their successors are elected.
Section three defines the objects of the association to be " the promotion of social fellowship among the pioneers, and the collection and preservation of historic matter." Citizens of the county, male and female, are eligible as members who have resided in the county fifty years, and residents not fifty years of age may become honorary mem- bers.
The by-laws provide for the payment by male members of an annual fee of fifty cents ; for annual meetings of the association ; and, further, that " the secretary shall keep in a book, provided for the purpose, a complete record of the members of the association, with the occupation, full name, age, and nativity of each member, and the time of his or her residence in the county." The secretary is to keep a careful record of the proceedings of all meetings, and preserve its papers, books, and archives in convenient order for reference.
Section eight requires that " each member shall, as soon as convenient, prepare a sketch of his personal history and recollections of pioneer experience, said sketch to contain the author's name, nativity, age, occupation, date, and place of first settlement in the county, together with all such incidents and adventures, and all facts relating to other pioneers or to the early history of the county, as may be thought worthy of remembrance. The sketches prepared shall be read before the association, and carefully filed and preserved by the secretary, and may be published."
The first officers chosen were the following : President, Gen. Jacob B. Roller ; Secretary, J. K. Rukenbrod ; Treas- urer, James Brown ; Vice-Presidents, James Stewart, Yel- low Creek ; Sanford C. Hill, Liverpool ; John Moore, St. Clair; Mahlon Underwood, Middleton ; Benjamin Black- burn, Unity ; John Reed, Madison ; William Kemble, Elk Run; Samuel Erwin, Fairfield; D. McDonald, Wayne; Henry Brinker, Centre; Jumes Hiddleson, Salem ; Joseph Lacock, Washington; John Willyard, Franklin; Morris Miller, Hanover; Samuel Whiteleather, West; George Burns, Sr., Butler; David Fox, Knox ; Stacy Hunt, Perry.
At the same meeting it was recommended that papers be prepared relating to each township, giving its original name and any changes of name, its topography, soil, ancient re- mains, Indian history, first white settlers, first birth, mar- riage, and death, mills and manufactories, merchants and trades, organization of township, educational and religious history, and other matters of interest.
No record of any meeting of the society has been pre- served, subsequent to the first, until that of September, 1876, when the association met at East Liverpool on the 5th and 6th of that month. The names and ages of the pioneers present on that occasion were recorded, as follows : George Poe, of West Virginia, 86 ; residents of Columbiana County, Elizabeth Sims, near 70; James Little, 69; Keziah Ramsey, 59; S. W. Snodgrass, 69; Martha McClure, 65 ; James Kelley, 66 ; George Anderson, 62; Morris Miller, 77; Jacob Arter, 80; Richard Huston, 77; Henry Mor. lan, 74; George Bucherit, 68; James Logan, 74; James W. Gaston, 68; B. B. Ogden, 70; I. I. Ikard, 50; David Boyce, 52; James McCormick, 52; A. J. McCready, 54; W. H. Morrow, 57; William Bloor, 55; William Biggs, 77; W. Davidson, 67; Mrs. Davidson, 66; C. M. Aten, 71 ; Henry H. Gregg, 66; James Scott, 57; Dr. Aaron Connell, 70.
The sixth annual meeting of the association was held at Hanover, on the 5th and 6th of September, 1877, when the following were present : George Burns, 65; Catharine Vogelsong, 64 ; Henry Trunick, 79; Elizabeth Pettit, 54; James Jackson, 63; Lydia Burns, 58; George Cress, 59; Jesse Sloan, 75; Mrs. H. Keith, 70; Keziah Ramsey, 60; J. R. Arter, 60; John Frost, 71 ; Louisa J. Hostetter, 45 ; Margaret Keith, 64; Mary N. Hole, 46; Sarah Bailey, 47; Mary V. Griffith, 74; Abigail J. Bailey, 47 ; James Scott, 58; Ruth Heston, 64 ; Charlotte Arter. 67; Sarah A. Vogelsong, 45; Emeline G. Faucett, 53; Rebecca Cop- pock, 56; Mary Morlan, 74; Beulah Trunick, 75; Jona- than Andre, 73; Sarah John, 74; Jesse West, 62; Sarah S. Winder, 59; William Orr, 45; Charles Wilson, 52 ; H. H. Swearingen, 47 ; Alexander S. Reeder, 46; Nancy Frost, 66 ; Joel Reeder, 46; Mary Arter, 53 ; Lydia Win- der,.67 ; R. A. Jackson, 57 ; M. A. Pearce, 56; William Ramsey, 61; M. Root, 37 ; Thomas Temple, 61 ; Jesse Sinclair, 71 ; Mary Todd, 79; Rhoda Hamilton, 68 ;. Ben- jamin Winder, 80; Elizabeth Milburn, 58; Joseph Mil- burn, 68; David Arter, 74; Jane E. Williams, 50; Morris Miller, 79; Joseph Pritchet, 56; Mahlon Briggs, 77; Phebe Pritchet, 57; W. Hicklin, 71; Mary A. Lininger, 45; Henry H. Gregg, 67; Ann E. H. Morgan, 41 ; M. Reeder, 71 ; Margaret Gates, 55; William Erhart, 60 ; William Lockard, 69; John B. Spidel, 43; Julia Briggs, 78; Israel P. Hole, 50; Hiram Chandler, 67; Margaret Chandler, 60 ; William Moore, 68 ; Eliza Moore, 68; Joel B. Taylor, 52; James Hindleson, 84; Joseph Winder, 72; Michael Arter, 83; Joseph H. Hellerman, 67 ; Jesse Duck, 57; Nathan Johns, 78; Henry Morlan, native of the county, 75 ; Jeremiah Coppock, 67 ; George S. Nace, 58 ; A. G. Shinn, 74.
From September, 1876, until September, 1877, there were sixty-six deaths in the county of persons over seventy- six years of age, and possibly others not ascertained.
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO.
The seventh annual meeting was held at New Lisbon on the third day of September, 1878. The following persons were present : H. Wines, 79; Peter Young, 79; Mahlon Underwood, 60; Freeman Morrison, 74; A. W. Allen, 83; James McLaughlin, 74 ; Samuel Bowman, 61; Wil- liam Farmer, 75; John Fleming, 73; Jacob Arter, 82 ; Hiram Chandler, 68; Jacob Roller, 85; Mrs. S. D. Maus, near 90; James A. Morrison, near 89; Ira Dibble, near 88; Mrs. M. Green, 86; Henry Trunick, near 80; Maria Miller, 80 ; Mrs. McCook, near 80; Uriah Teegarden, 79; F. F. Beck, 79; Joseph Springer, 79; Simon Arter, 78; Auzey White, 78; Julia Briggs, 79; Mahlon Briggs, 78; L. B. McLane, 79; Henry Morlan, 76; Beulah Trunick, 76; Mary Morlan, 75; Andrew Roach, 75; James S. Shields, near 75; C. M. Aten, 73; John Rumsey, 70; Mrs. Roach, 68; Henry H. Gregg, 68; James Budger, 67; Hiram Gaver, 64; R. A. Gaver, 63; James Scott, 60; L. B. Mclain, 78. During the year previous to this meeting there had died in the county sixty-eight persons over seventy years of age.
A considerable amount of information concerning the early times of Columbiana County has been gathered, and numbers of interesting relics of local and general interest have been secured from various sources. Of the news- papers published in the county, the archives of the associ- ation contain complete files of The Aurora, published by John Frost, from 1832 to 1856; of The Patriot, from 1822 to 1835; and of the Buckeye State, from 1852 until the present time,-August, 1879. The next meeting of the association is appointed to be held at the village of Salem, Sept. 17, 1879.
E. S. Halloway was chosen president to succeed Gen. Roller, and served until September, 1877, when Dr. J. M. Hole was elected to that office, and is now serving. John Frost succeeded Mr. Rukenbrod as secretary in September, 1876, and remains in that position.
COLUMBIANA COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
The first meeting convened to organize a county agricul tural society met at New Lisbon, April 15, 1846, Samuel Myers being chosen chairman on the occasion, and H. T. Clever secretary ; William E. Russell, Jacob Harbaugh, B. W. Snodgrass, William D. Morgan, and S. Myers were chosen a committee to prepare a constitution and by-laws, and Robert Hanna, C. M. Aten, William E. Russell, W. D. Morgan, and Jacob Harbaugh a committee to name persons to serve as officers for the ensuing year. April 16th the constitution and by-laws were adopted and the fol- lowing officers elected: Samuel Myers, President; Wil- liam Kemble, Vice-President ; John McClymonds, Secre- tary ; Fisher A. Blocksom, Treasurer; Leonard Hanna, Warren Peters, James J. Caldwell, William E. Russell, and Jacob Harbaugh, Managers.
The society was reorganized March 5, 1851, when John Ferrall was made president and Leonard Hanna vice- president.
Feb. 2, 1853, the society voted to purchase a quantity of ground of John McClymonds, and on April 16th, the same year, voted to purchase six acres of William Har- haugh. These votes respecting land were reconsidered April
30th, and a vote passed to purchase from Mr. McClymonds the property north of New Lisbon known as the " Holmes" or " Seminary" property, containing between fourteen and fifteen acres, for the sum of eighteen hundred dollars. In May the society contracted to sell four and a half acres of the Holmes tract to R. D. Hartshorn, and made a contract with Jumes Scott for the erection of a building, forty by one hundred feet in size, at a cost of four hundred dollars, the lumber being furnished by the society. They also engaged Joseph Springer to build a fence "around the fair-grounds" at fifty-five cents per lineal rod.
Several purchases of land have since been made, some of which has been sold, leaving as the present estate of the society an area of about thirty acres.
Since its reorganization the society has maintained its annual exhibitions with little or no serious interruption, and has been financially prosperous and otherwise a thriving organization.
The presidents, aside from those already mentioned, have been the following: Jacob Harbaugh, 1853-54; Abel Lodge, 1855; F. H Zepernick, 1856; James Sterling, 1857-58; James H. Quin, 1859-60; William Hostetter, 1861; James Sterling, 1862; Dennis Harbaugh, 1863- 64; C. Bowman, 1865; Ilenry Kreidler, 1866-67; Wil- liam Mathers, 1868-70; John L. Crowell, 1871; John Robinson, 1872-73; John Spence, 1874-75; W. S. Smith, 1876-77; John Robinson, 1878; W. S. Smith, 1879. Secretaries, Kersey Hanna, 1852; A. McLean, T. S. Woods, 1853; T. S. Woods, 1854; J. H. Quin, 1855; Kersey Hanna, 1856; W. J. Jordan, 1857-60; T. S. Brown, Thomas G. Huston, 1861 ; B. F. Nichols, 1862- 65; M. E. Straughn, 1866; John A. Myers, 1867-69; J. H. Hessin, 1870; J. F. Benner, 1871-72; H. E. Frost, 1874-76; Richardson Arter, 1877-79.
CHAPTER XVIII. SOURCES OF WEALTH.
COAL, IRON, AND CLAY.
THE wealth of the county of Columbiana lies not alone in her rich surface-soil, which yields so bountifully of grass and grain and fruit, but also in those other treasures which, at varying depths and in wonderful profusion, Nature has stored for her needs, and which have proven to be the foun- dation of a prosperous activity in trade, in art, and in manufacture.
Coal, as shown in the chapter on geology, exists in abun- dant deposits, and is mined to a considerable extent for shipment. At Salineville, one of the numerous mining localities, six hundred persons are sometimes employed in the mines, and take out daily thirteen hundred tons of coal.
Iron ore is also mined extensively in several localities, and, in connection with the coal, has given rise to smelting furnaces and iron-working establishments in different parts of the county, notably at Leetonia and Salem.
The deposits of clay have been worked to a large extent in a number of places, and one of the principal industries of the county consists in converting that material into ware
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO.
of various kinds and qualities. By far the larger number of potteries are at East Liverpool, where the first kiln was prepared and burned in 1840, by James Bennett, an Eng- lishman. This kiln, which consisted chiefly of yellow mugs, yielded a net profit of two hundred and fifty dollars. From this small beginning the business has expanded, until in this present year-1879-there are at East Liverpool alone twenty-three establishments, having in use sixty-seven kilne .*
SALT, OIL, GAS.
It is probable that the existence of salt in the county was first discovered along the banks of Yellow Creek, and that the first well for its development was put down at Salineville, by a George James, a Kentuckian, as early as 1809. Salt-making subsequently became an important in- dustry at that place. Wells bored at East Liverpool and New Lisbon yield brine, from which considerable quantities of salt have been made.
The most remarkable, and perhaps the most valuable, of the products of the many borings is the natural gas, which at East Liverpool has superseded the artificial for purposes of illumination, and which also is used for heating, and in some instances for manufacturing purposes. So great is the supply that it is deemed practically iuexhaustible, and even appears to be considered " cheaper than daylight," the public lamps being allowed to burn day and night. The well which supplies the gas was put down in 1860 to obtain oil; in- stend of oil, the well yielded a liberal supply of brine, but the gas, which was least thought of originally, has proven most profitable. In a well sunk years ago at New Lisbon, gas and brine were both obtained, and the former used for a time in the manufacture of salt.
MINING AND MANUFACTURING STATISTICS.
The following statistics show the products of mines and manufactories as given in the report of the Secretary of State for the year 1878: stone coal, bushels mined, 9,586,660 ; iron ore, tons mined, 26,410; salt, bushels made, 21,000; water cement, barrels made, 17,620 ; stone- ware made, capacity in gallons, 125,000; pig-iron, tons of native or foreign ore smelted with stone coal, 38,400; sheet-iron produced, 2 tons; boiler-iron, 185 tons.
Castings and machinery : stoves and hollow-ware, 1200 tons; all other castings, 400 tons; steam-engines, number made, 42; steam-boilers made, 24; portable saw-mills, 7.
There was also built, for use on the Ohio River, one steamboat, value $8000, and one barge, value $500.
AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS
The report of the Secretary of State for the year 1878 gives the following statistics for the county of Columbiana for 1877 :
Cultivated lands,+ 107,303 acres; in pasture, 100,644 acres ; woodland, 58,518 acres; uncultivated or waste, 3928 acres; field products, timothy huy, 38,592 acres, 47,828 tons; clover hay, 2769 acres, 3180 tons; flax, 229
acres, 81,122 pounds of fibre, 2629 bushels flax-seed ; po- tatoes, 1574 acres, 143,758 bushels ; wheat, 20,003 acres, 313,770 bushels; rye, 1814 acres, 21,996 bushels; buck- wheat, 547 acres, 5364 bushels ; oats, 19,212 acres, 664,075 bushels ; barley, 66 acres, 1385 bushels; corn,t 21,276 acres, 808,461 bushels; sorghum, 67 acres, 15 pounds sugar, 3989 gallons syrup.
Horticultural products : acres in orchards, 8347 ; apples, 157,578 bushels; peaches, 26,674 bushels; pears, 1618 bushels ; acres in vineyards, 184} ; grapes, 91,709 pounds ; wine, 765 gallons. Dairy products : butter, 832,110 pounds; cheese, 164,175 pounds Honey gathered, 17,896 pounds. Live-stock : number of horses, 8714; mules, 206; cut- tle, 18,981 ; hogs, 15,545 ; sheep, 121,804. Value of live-stock, $1,165,652.
The amount of wool shorn was 474,313 pounds; num- ber of sheep killed by dogs, 683; value, $2227; sheep injured by dogs, 361 ; damages, $1050.
CHAPTER XIX.
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.
TRAILS.
THE Indian trails which radiated in many directions from Forts Pitt and McIntosh and penetrated the forests of the north and west, connecting the head-waters of the streams or following their sinuous borders,-these narrow lines of travel were the principal highways by which the first settlers of Ohio entered her then half-hospitable bor- ders. The war-path was destined to become a way for what is called civilization, and the Indian doomed to be elbowed and jostled from the narrow trail trodden for cen- turies by his ancestors.
In addition to the trails described elsewhere§ in this volume, there was one which passed through the southern portion of the present county of Columbiana, and led westward to the Moravian towns on the Muskingum. From information which has been collected by the Pioneer Society of the county, it appears that this trail entered Ohio about two miles south from Archer, in the present township of Middleton, traversed that township and Elk Run, entered Centre at section 25, passed through Wayne near what is known as " McKaig's Mill," and thence southwesterly through the township of Franklin. The trail, as remembered by the first settlers, was from two to three feet wide, and in many places higher than the ground on either side,-" no doubt from the passage of Indian ponies and the accumulation of ages in traveling in Indian file."
MEANS OF TRAVEL.
For some years after the county was organized, 1803, there was no better means of travel provided than the back of the faithful horse or mule. Whether to carry grave
# The following was the average yield per acre, in the State of Ohio, in 1877, of each of the cereals named : wheat, 15.65 bushels; corn, 32.48 bushels; oats, 31.75 bushels; buckwheat, 10.15 bushels; rye, 12.21 bushels; barley, 29.02 bushels.
¿ See account of " Bouquet's Expedition," chapter iv. of this work.
. Vide history of Liverpool township, in this volume.
t Because of the defective reports, the total quantity of lands given in this schedule amounts to only 270,393 acres, whereas the number given in the grand duplicate is 335,429.
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judges, and others "learned in the law," to their labors in some distant court, forward the weekly mail on its plodding journey, or transport merchandise between the settlements, the patient quadruped was saddled with the duty.
Duncan and Wilson, of Pittsburgh, as early as 1786, were engaged in forwarding goods and provisions upon pack-horses across the country to the mouth of the Cuya- hoga, now Cleveland, from whence to be shipped on the schooner " Mackinaw " to Detroit. Six trips were made in the summer of that year for the firm by Col. James Hillman, of Youngstown. " His caravan consisted of ten men and ninety horses. They usually crossed the Big Beaver four miles below the mouth of the Shenango ; thence up the left bunk of the Mahoning, crossing it about three miles above the village of Youngstown ; thence by way of the Salt Springs, in the township of Weathersfield, through Milton and Ravenna, crossing the Cuyahoga at the mouth of Breakneck, and again at the mouth of Tinker's Creek, in Bedford; and thence down the river to its mouth, where they erected a log hut for the safekeeping of their goods, which was the first house built in Cleveland. At the mouth of Tinker's Creek were a few houses built by the Moravian missionaries. They were then vacant, the Indi- uns having occupied them one year only previous to their removal to the Tuscarawas River. These, and three or four cabins at the Salt Springs, were the only buildings erected by the whites between the Ohio River and Lake Erie."*
COUNTY ROADS.
A road was laid out from the State line to Peter Mus- ser's mill, in 1803, by William Heuld, surveyor, and James Taylor, Henry Forney, and Jacob Rudysill, viewers, for which the court allowed them " in full compensation" the sum of four dollars, September 9th of that year. The road was laid thirty-three feet wide, and confirmed by the court Dec. 1, 1803.
A road of the same width was laid in 1803 " from the west end of Walnut Street, in the town of New Lisbon, to Atwater's road, in section 5, in 14th township, third range," and confirmed also on December 1st.
In March, 1804, the court ordered payment of sixteen dollars to sundry persons us their total compensation for " services rendered in reviewing and laying out a road from the middle to the west fork of Little Beaver Creek, of the road from New Lisbon to Georgetown." Also, in the same month was laid a road thirty-three feet in width " from the Ohio River to John Myers'."
Nov. 6, 1804, a road was confirmed, extending " from the court-house to McKaig's, and thence to Tuscarawa Path." This also was two rods wide.
A road was surveyed by William Heald, in March, 1804, from New Lisbon to the Pennsylvania line in section 25, township 8, range 1, which was in length fourteen milcs, three quarters, and thirty-six perches, and in width fifty feet.
June 11th following, a road was confirmed by the court which was laid fifty feet wide, extending from New Lisbon to section 3, in township 18, range 5; and Nov. 4, 1805,
a road of the same width, from Stato line to Jackman's mill, thence to New Lisbon ; and on the same day, a road " from near Augustoen's, on section number twenty-four, eighth township, first runge, to Connecticut line between sections numbers one and two in thirteenth township, second range." This also was fifty feet wide.
A State road was laid out by Lewis Kinney, road com- missioner, Nov. 21, 1805, " from near the mouth of Little Beaver Creek by New Lisbon to the south line of the county of Trumbull."
In November, 1828, Joab Gaskill and Robert Lattimore, commissioners, and J. G. Williard, surveyor, laid out the roud which extends from Canton through New Lisbon to the Pennsylvania line, beginning in the line between Stark and Columbiana Counties.
BRIDGE.
At a meeting of the associate judges of the Court of Common Pleas at New Lisbon, Dec. 1, 1803, a petition was presented by John Bever aud Thomas Moore, proprietors of Beaver Mills, "praying an order might be granted for building a permanent and free bridge across Little Beaver Creek, at or near Little Beaver Mills, which was accom- panied by proposals by a certain Robert Kelly, guaranteed by John Bever, one of the aforesaid proprietors, for build- ing the aforesaid bridge at their own proper costs and charges, of the dimensions and materials following, viz. : stone pillars or butments built for a frame of wood to rest on, and of such a height as will make it convenient for as- cending and descending the banks of the creek aforesaid, and out of the reach of the freshets of the creek, the whole suf- ficiently strong for wagons loaded and other carriages that may pass over it. The floor of said bridge to be a proper thickness, and all to be completed in a workmanlike man- ner and within a reasonable period, which bridge they agree to keep in good repair for two years after the same is completed, and the same bridge to be of the width of twelve feet. Ordered by the court that the aforesaid pro- prictors be authorized, and they are hereby authorized, to build a bridge over the aforesnid creek, and of the dimen- sions and with the materials above specified, within one year from the dute hercof, for which purpose the said John Bever hath this day entered into a bond in the penal sum of one thousand dollars to complete the aforesaid bridge in the time specified and of the materials within mentioned, in consideration of subscriptions to the amount of four hundred and ninety-four dollars, obtained by the aforesaid John Bever and Thomas Moore and other persons from sundry citizens of the county of Columbiana, and from sundry others of the States of Pennsylvania and Vir- ginia."
MAILS.
Mr. Fisher A. Blocksom, who was deputy postmaster at New Lisbon, under Captain Thomas Rowland, in 1812-13, stated to Mr. Il. H. Gregg that " the mails then consisted of one weekly horseback mail from Pittsburgh to New Lisbon, via Greersburg and East Fairfield, and thence to Cleveland via Deerfield and Ravenna. There was also a weekly horseback mail from New Lisbon to Steubenville, via Gillingham's Sult Works, and a weekly mail to Canton,
. Henry Howe's Hist. Col. of Ohio, 1863.
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO.
via Grissell's post-office and Osnaburg, and that each of these horseback weekly mails were carried in the old-fash- ioned saddle-bags, with mail locks attached."
Horace Daniels, it is said, was the first mail carrier between Pittsburgh and New Lisbon.
STAGE LINES.
Lines of stages were first advertised in the Ohio Patriot of Saturday, May 23, 1829, and the notice, which is quoted, tells tersely its own story of the march of improve- ment iu matters of travel and communication. The notice reads as follows :
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