USA > Ohio > Columbiana County > History of Columbiana County, Ohio, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 16
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The regiment returned to Chattanooga, joined in the severe march with Sherman towards Knoxville, thence to Strawberry Plains and Flat Creek, where, on Jan. 1, 1864, four hundred of the 19th re-enlisted as veterans. The regiment then returned to Ohio, reaching Cleveland Feb. 16th.
The veteran 19th went again to the front, reaching Knoxville March 24th. From this point, on the 6th of May, Sherman's entire command entered. on the Atlanta campaign. The regiment was sent to hold Parker's Gap, and May 20th rejoined its brigade at Cassville; was in the sharp fight at New Hope Church, where it lost many men in killed and wounded. It was engaged at Kenesaw, at Peachtree Creek, and at the crossing of the Chattahoochie River, and was under fire almost daily up to the evacuation of Atlanta. It also passed with Sherman around to the right of Atlanta in the affair at Jonesboro', participated in the action at Lovejoy Station, September 2d, capturing the enemy's front line of works, which it held for three days and until Sherman's army returned to Atlanta.
The entire loss of the regiment in the Atlanta campaign was : . killed, two commissioned officers and twenty-eight men ; wounded, six commissioned officers and ninety-six men ; missing, thirteen men. Total, one hundred and forty- five.
The regiment marched under Gen. Thomas towards Nash- ville to aid in opposing Hood; was in reserve at the battle of Franklin, and the night after reached Nashville, and - during the investment of that place by the rebels engaged in frequent sorties, with small loss; participated in the battle of Nashville, and followed in the pursuit of Hood's defeated army as far as the Tennessee.
During the month of February, 1865, the 19th was at Huntsville, Alabama, and thence moved into East Tennessce as far as the Virginia line, returning to Nashville on April 25tl. On June 16th, it formed a part of the column sent to Texas, and reached Green Lake July 14, 1865. It left Green Lake September 11th, and arrived at San Antonio on the 23d. This march was one of much suffer- ing, being made over one of the great sandy plains of that country.
The 19th was mustered out of service at San Antonio, Oct. 21, 1865, reached Columbus, Ohio, November 22d, and was paid off and discharged at Camp Chase, Novem- ber 25th.
TWENTY-FOURTH REGIMENT.
This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, near Co- lumbus, Ohio, in the last days of June, 1861, and was com- posed of ten companies, inclusive of one (C) from the counties of Sandusky and Columbiana. The regiment pro- ceeded to Cheat Mountain, Va., where it arrived August 14th, and there joined the 14th Indiana. The enemy, who were in large force fifteen miles distant, were active, and on the 12th of September made a spirited attack, but, after a combat of three hours, were defeated and filed. Two sol- diers of the 24th were wounded.
Oct. 3, 1861, in an action at Greenbrier, Va., the 24th stood firmly under a heavy fire of grape, canister, and shell, sustaining a loss of two killed and three wounded. Nov. 18th the regiment marched from Cheat Mountain, and arrived at Louisville on the 28th, where it was assigned to the 10th Brigade, 4th Division, Army of the Ohio. The time from February 25 to March 17, 1862, was spent in camp at Nashville, Tenn., when the regiment proceeded to Savannah and Pittsburg Landing, and passed en route the Duck River, which they were obliged to ford. While at Savannah, April
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6th, the roar of the artillery at Pittsburg Landing was heard. In the absence of transports, the division at once procceded by land through the swamps, the 10th Brigade taking the lead, and arrived at the scene of conflict in time to participate, during that evening, upon the extreme left. On the 7th the 24th was engaged all day, gaining fresh laurels. It subsequently took part in most of the skirmishcs between Pittsburg Landing and Corinth, and was among the first regiments that entered the latter place, and later joined in the pursuit of the enemy in North Mississippi and North Alabama, encamping in July at McMinnville, Tenn. It left that place September 3d and returned to Louisville, Ky., with the army during Gen. Bragg's invasion. In October, 1862, it was assigned to the 4th Division, 21st Army Corps. After the battle of Perryville, in which it was not actively engaged, the 24th, after aiding in the pursuit of the foe into the mountains, marched to Nashville.
In December, 1862, although reduced by sickness and other causes to thirteen officers and three hundred and forty men, it took part in the battle of Stone River, and, having been assigned an important position, held it faithfully and bravely, as shown by the casualties. Four commissioned offi- cers were killed and four wounded, and ten privates killed and sixty-nine wounded, -ten mortally. The regiment was in the engagement at Woodbury, Tenn., Jan. 24, 1863, and later that year moved with the army against Tullahoma, and was on duty at Manchester, Tenn., until the advance ou Chattanooga. It subsequently participated in the bat- tles of Lookout Mountain, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge.
After the affair at Taylor's Ridge, near Ringgold, the regiment was assigned to the 2d Division, 4th Army Corps, and was in the engagement near Dalton, where it lost in killed two, and in wounded eight. The 24th was mus- tered out at Columbus, Ohio, June 24, 1864.
THIRTY-SECOND INFANTRY.
This was among the first of the Ohio regiments raised for three years. On the 15th of September, 1861, the regiment left Camp Dennison poorly equipped, and pro- ceeded by ruil to Grafton, from whence it marched to Bev- erly, West Va., arriving on the 22d. The regiment was assigned to the post at Cheat Mountain Summit, Col. Nathan Kimball commanding. October 3d the regiment led the advance against Greenbriar, Va., and during that fall were engaged in watching the movements of the rebels under Gen. Robert E. Lee. December 13th it accom- panied Gen. Milroy in his movement against Cump Alle- ghany, and gallantly charged the enemy's camp, entuiling a loss of four killed and fourteen wounded. The ensuing winter was spent at Beverly. It was in the subsequent operations under Gen. Milroy, resulting in the capture of Camp Alleghany, Huntersville, Monterey, and McDowell, and about May 1st was in the fight near Buffalo Gap. From this point the national forces fell back on the main army at Bull Pasture Valley, where Generals Schenck and Milroy had united their commands.
In the severe battle at Bull Pasture Mountain, May 8th,' the regiment lost six killed and fifty-three wounded, and was the last to leave the field. On the 12th of May, Maj .- Gen. Fremont, with twelve thousand men, joined Gens.
Schenck and Milroy, the united forces remaining at Frank- lin until the 25th. The 32d meantime was transferred to Schenck's brigade. 'Under Fremont the regiment partici- pated in the battles of Cross Keys and Port Republic, in the Shenandoah Valley, on the 8th and 9th of June. Later in that month, having moved to Strasburg, it was trans- ferred to Piatt's brigade, and moved to Winchester, Va., July 5th, thence on September 1st, with the brigade, to Harper's Ferry, and aided in the defense of that place. " After making a hard fight and losing one hundred and fifty of its number, the regiment, with the whole command, was surrendered by the commanding officer of the post to the enemy as prisoners of war."
The regiment was paroled, sent to Annapolis, Ind., and from thence to Chicago, Ill. Col. Ford was dis- missed the service after a trial, in which he was charged with neglect of duty in the defense of Maryland Heights. The regiment became demoralized, and many of the soldiers deserted, until it was reduced to thirty-five men. This small number was the nucleus of a new organization. Within ten days from the appointment of Capt. B. F. Potts to the post of lieutenant-colonel, eight hundred .men had reported for duty. The men were declared to be exchanged Jan. 12, 1863. Left Camp Taylor, January 20th, arrived at Memphis on the 25th, and was assigned to Logan's di- vision, 17th Army Corps, commanded by Maj .- Gen. J. B. McPherson. It moved to Lake Providence, La., took a notable part in the campaign against Vicksburg, in which, by a bayonet charge at the battle of Champion Hills, it " captured the 1st Mississippi rebel battery-men, guns, and horses-with a loss of twenty-four men." The battery was turned over to the regiment, and was manned by Com- pany F through the siege of Vicksburg. In the campaign and siege the regiment lost two hundred and twenty-five, rank and file. It had shared in the battles of Port Gibson, Raymond, Jackson, and Champion Hills. In August, 1863, the regiment accompanied Stephenson's expedition to Mon- roe, La. ; McPherson's to Brownsville, Miss., in the follow- ing October; and in February, 1864, was with Sherman at Meridian, and lost twenty-two men at Boker's Creek, in Mississippi.
In December and January, 1863-64, three-fourths of the regiment re-enlisted as veterans; on the 4th of March, 1864, received furlough ; and on the 21st of April rejoined the army with many new recruits. Joining Gen. Sherman June 10, 1864, it was with the 17th Army Corps in the movement against Atlanta ; shared in the assault on Kene- saw Mountain, June 27th, and Nickojack Creek, on the Chattahoochie River, July 10th, and in the succeeding battles of the 20th, 21st, 22d, and 28th, before Atlanta, where it lost more than half its numbers in killed and wounded. After Atlanta fell the regiment engaged in the pursuit of Hood, and then rejoined Sherman and accompa- nied him in his " March to the Sea." On the 10th of De- cember, 1864, the 32d was in the advance at Savannah, aided in driving the rebels into their works, and on the 21st entered that city with the army and went into camp at Fort Thunderbolt. After the review of the whole army by Gen. Sherman, the 17th Army Corps went by transports to Beaufort, S. C., and thence to Pocotaligo Station, on the
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Savannah and Charleston Railroad. On Feb. 1, 1865, the regiment passed with the army through the Carolinas, and with the 13th Iowa was the first to enter Columbia. March 20th and 21st it had a sharp engagement at Ben- tonville, N. C. The regiment moved with the army to Raleigh, N. C., and was present at the surrender of John- ston's army, May 1, 1865. It marched . with the army through Richmond, Va., to Washington, where it partici- pated in the grand review before President Johnson and his Cabinet. It was mustered out at Louisville, July 20, 1865, and the men were finally discharged at Columbus, July 26th.
SIXTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT.
This regiment had its rise in the consolidation of two partly-organized regiments, the 45th and 67th. The regi- ment left Columbus, Ohio, for the field, Jan. 19, 1862, going into Western Virginia under Gen. Landor. With the exception of a march to Bloomery Gap, the greater portion of the month of February was spent at Paw-Paw Tunnel. On the 5th of March the regiment moved to Winchester, Gen. Shields commanding the division, where skirmishiug was frequent on the picket line with Ashby's cavalry.
On the afternoon of March 22d the regiment reported to Gen. Banks in Winchester, and soon engaged the enemy, driving them until past nightfall as far south as Kearns- town. The regiment lay on their arms all night, and on the next morning were the first to engage the enemy. After the infantry fighting had been fairly opened, the 67th was ordered to reinforce Gen. Tyler's brigade; to do which it was necessary to pass over an open field for three- fourths of a mile, exposed to the enemy's fire. The regi- ment executed the movement on the double-quick, and came into action in splendid order. The regiment lost in this action fifteen killed and thirty-two wounded. Until the last of the next June the 67th endured the hardships of marches up and down the valley, over the mountains and back again, from the Potomac to Harrisonburg, from Port Royal to Fredericksburg, from Fredericksburg to Manassas, from Manassas to Port Republic, and from Port Republic to Alexandria.
On the 29th of June the regiment embarked on steamer " Herald" and barge " Delaware," and started for the James to reinforce Gen. McClellan. In the night of the 30th, when near the mouth of Chesapeake Bay, in a heavy gale, the hawser by which the barge was towed parted, leaving the barge to tous about in the trough of the sea. Men, horses, arms, and camp and garrison equipage were carried overboard and lost, and it was nearly an hour before the steamer was able to return to the barge. At Harrison's Landing the regiment campaigned with the Artny of the Potomac till the evacuation of the Peninsula, when it went to Suffolk, Va., with only three hundred men for duty out of the eight hundred and fifty which composed the regi- ment at the organization. While here the regiment enjoyed its first opportunity for rest and drill; and in the last of December was transferred to North Carolina, and then to Hilton Head, where it arrived Feb. 1, 1863. The regi- ment shared in the Charleston expedition, landing on Cole's Island on the 2d of April. For seven months the regiment
heroically endured all hardships, privations, and dangers of the siege, taking part in the attack on Fort Wagner, and sustaining a heavy loss. It was at last relieved, and wus allowed a few days' rest preparatory to au expedition into Florida.
The regiment re-enlisted and returned to Ohio February, 1864. At the expiration of their furloughs the soldiers of the 67th returned to the field, reaching Bermuda Hundred, Va., under Gen. Butler, on the 6th of May, 1864. On the 9th of May the 67th was detached to guard the right flank of the 10th Corps, which had gone to the railroad at Chester Station, to destroy it from there to Petersburg. A section of artillery was sent with the regiment, and it was placed on the turnpike from Richmond to Petersburg, about eleven miles from the former place, with orders to hold the position at all hazards. During the night rein- forcements arrived, aud next morning the rebels made a general attack upon them. The 67th maintained its position from first to last, presenting an unbroken front to four suc- cessive charges. A section of our artillery, for a short time, fell into the hands of the enemy, but was recaptured by a portion of Company F. The 10th of May, 1864, will always be remembered as a sad but glorious day by the 67th. Seventy-six officers and men were killed and wounded in that battle.
On the 20th of May, a portion of our lines having fallen into the hands of the rebels, the 67th, with other regiments, was designated to recapture it, which they did by a charge, in which the regiment lost sixty-nine officers and men killed and wounded. The rebel general, W. H. S. Walker, was wounded and captured, his sword passing into the hands of Col. Voris as a trophy. On the 16th of August four com- panies of the 67th charged the rifle-pits of the enemy at Decp River, and at the first volley lost a third of their men ; but before the rebels could reload the rifle-pits were in our pos- session. On the 7th, 13th, 27th, and 28th of October the regiment engaged the enemy, with a loss of over one hun- dred men. During the spring, summer, and fall of 1864 the 67th confronted the enemy, at all times within range of their guns; and it is said, by officers competent to judge, that during the year it was under fire two hundred times. No movement was without danger; firing was kept up for days, and men wore their accoutrements for weeks at a time. Out of over six hundred muskets taken to the front in the spring, three-fifths were laid aside during the spring on account of casualties.
In the spring of 1865 the 67th participated in the assault on the rebel works below Petersburg; on the 2d of April was foremost in the charge on Fort Gregg, and at Appomat. tox Court-House was in at the death, bearing her battle-flag proudly in the last fight our forces made against the Army of Northern Virginia.
On the 5th of May the regiment reported to Gen. Voris, commanding the district of South Anna, Va., and garrisoned that portion of the State till December, 1865. In the mean time the 62d Ohio was consolidated with the 67th, the lat- ter regiment retaining its organization. The 67th was mustered out of the service on the 12th of December, 1865, wanting but six days of having been recognized as a regiment for four years.
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO.
SEVENTY-SIXTH REGIMENT.
The 76th Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry was raised at Newark, Ohio, and organized Feb. 9, 1862. The regi- ment proceeded ria Paducah, Ky., to Fort Donelson, and was in the engagement at that place. March 6th it moved to the Tennessee River; thence up the river to Crump's Landing, and on the 31st proceeded to Adamsville and took position in Gen. Lew. Wallace's division, in the right wing of the army of Gen. Grant. It made with the divis- ion a forced march to Pittsburg Landing, April 6th, and in the ensuing battle was continually subjected to the enemy's fire. In the latter part of April it participated in a successful charge against the rebels near Corinth, and afterwards was a part of the grand reserve in the advance on that place, and after its evacuation moved to Memphis, arriving June 17th. On the 24th of July the regiment marched to near Helena, Ark., where it went into camp.
Upon the reorganization of the Army of the South west the 76th was assigned to the 2d Brigade, Col. C. R. Woods, of the 3d Division, commanded by Gen. P. J. Osterhaus. It was part of the expedition to Milliken's Bend which captured the camp and garrison equipage of the 31st Louis- iuna Regiment. A detachment, comprising a part of the 76th, afterwards proceeded up the Yazoo, surprised Haines' Bluff, and captured four siege-guns, two field-pieces, and a large quantity of fixed ammunition.
The regiment returned to Helena, spent one week in October at St. Genevieve, Mo., and then moved to Pilot Knob, remaining there for rest and reorganization until November 12th, when it returned to St. Genevieve, and em- barked for Camp Steele, Miss. On the 21st of December it became a part of Gen. Sherman's expedition aguinst Vicksburg.
Jan. 10, 1863, the regiment, with the division of Gen. Steele, landed at Arkansas Post, and the same night " marched six miles, through mud and water, and by two o'clock next morning the troops occupied the cantonments of the enemy. Shortly after daylight they moved upon the enemy's works, and about one o'clock the 76th charged within one hundred yards of the rifle-pits, halted, opened fire, and held the position for three hours, when the eucmy surrendered."
During the month of February details for the regiment were made to work on the canal across the peninsula oppo- site Vicksburg. It participated in the rout of the rebels under Col. Ferguson at Deer Creek, April 7th. After this the regiment, with the 15th Corps, moved to Young's Point, Milliken's Bend, and Hard Times Landing, and reached Grand Gulf, May 6th. It was in the engagement at Four- teen-Mile Creek, and at Jackson charged the works on the enemy's left, which were soon after evacuated.
The regiment, with the corps, marched for Vicksburg on the 16th of May, and on the 18th took position " six hun- dred yards from the main lines of the enemy. The bat- teries of the enemy in front of the 76th were silenced, and none of his guns could be manned except those of the Water-batteries." After the surrender of Vicksburg the regiment marched in pursuit of Johuston, arriving at Jack- son July 10th, and later in the mouth went into camp at Big Black Ridge.
During October and November the regiment was con- nected with operations in Northern Alabama and Tennes- see ; joined Gen. Hooker in the assault on Lookout Moun- tain ; was engaged at Mission Ridge; and on November 27th charged on Taylor's Ridge, where it suffered severely. " In one company of twenty-eight men, eight were killed and eight wounded, and seven men were shot down while carrying the regimental colors."
Jan. 1, 1864, the 76th went into winter-quarters at Paint Rock, Ala. Before spring arrived the regiment was fur- loughed home, two-thirds having re-enlisted as veterans. The regiment, which was originally nine hundred and sixty- two strong, had been reduced to less than three hundred.
Returning to the camp at Paint Rock, the regiment pro- ceeded to Chattanooga May 6th, moved through Snake Creek Gap on the 9th, the evening of the 14th charged the enemy near Resaca, and participated in the repulse of Hardee's corps on the 28th.
In June the regiment moved to New Hope Church, thence to Acworth and Kenesaw Mountain, Rossville, and Decatur, arriving within four miles of Atlanta on the 20th of July.
With the 30th Iowa, the regiment recaptured four twenty-pound Parrott guns which the rebels had taken, and on the 28th they aided in the repulse of the enemy, who made three successive charges with great los3. On the 13th of August, in an advance of the skirmish-line, the 76th captured fifty of the enemy, afterwards aided in the de- struction of the West Point and Montgomery Railroad, and on the 31st in the repulse of the rebels at Flint River.
The regiment, after rest and reorganization in September, crossed the Chattahoochie October 4th, " marched through Marietta, north of Kenesaw Mountain, near Adairsville, through Resaca, through Snake Creek Gap;" on the 16th skirmished with the enemy at Ship's Gap, marched through Lafayette, and then, on the 18th, through Sum- merville, where the non-veterans were mustered out.
The regiment next moved with the army to Little River, Cave Springs, and neur to Atlanta. Thence, on the 15th of November, the 15th Corps moved southward with the right wing of the army, by the way of McDonough, Indian Springs, Clinton, and Irwintown, passing twenty miles east of Macon ; thence eastward to the Ogeechee, and down its west bank to the mouth of the Cannouchee; thence east- ward to Savannah, where it formed on the 18th. of Decem- ber.
After the evacuation the regiment performed provost- guard duty in the city until Jan. 9, 1865, then embarked for Beaufort, S. C .; thence marched to Gardner's Cor- ners, and on the 31st started on the " campaign of the Carolinas." It was engaged in skirmishing near Co- lumbia. After the surrender of Lee and a few days of provost-guard duty, the 76th moved northward, en- gaged the rebels at Bentonville, and proceeded, via Golds- boro', to Raleigh, and there remained until the surrender of Johnston. The regiment broke camp April 30th, reached Washington May 23d, where it shared in the grand review, then proceeded to Louisville, Ky., when it was mustercd out, thence to Columbus, Ohio, where it was discharged, July 24, 1865.
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" The regiment participated in forty-four battles ; moved nine thousand six hundred and twenty-five miles on foot, by rail, and by water; and passed through the rebellious States of Kentucky, Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, Louisi- ana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, North. Carolina, and Virginia. Two hundred and forty-one men were wounded in battle; three hundred and fifty-one died on the field or in hospitals; two hundred and twenty-two carry scars as evidence of their struggle with the enemy ; and two hundred and eighty-two have the seed of disease contracted in the line of duty. It is a sad but noble record, and the survivors may well be proud of the part they have taken in establishing the greatness and permanence of the American Union."
SEVENTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT. Company I .*
In introducing this history to the reader, it is not proposed to present a history of the great Rebellion, but an unvaruished narrative of the part taken therein by Company I of the 78th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. No body of men in the service has taken part in a greater number of skirmishes and battles, traveled over more ter- ritory, and participated in more important campaigns. The majority of this company were from Columbiana County, but Lieut. De Wolf and a number of men from Licking County were assigned to this company at Camp Gilbert, and sixty enlisted men and substitutes were added after the original organization, making a total of one hundred and forty-seven belonging to the company during the term of service. The company was recruited in December, 1861, and organized Jan. 11, 1862, at Zanesville, Ohio, and as- signed in the regiment as Company I, the other companies being from the neighborhood of Zunesville.
Under the command of Col. M. D. Leggett the company left the State, and arrived at Fort Donelson, Feb. 15, 1862, while the battle at that place was in progress. This com- pany being the only one from Columbiana County, the history of the regiment includes the company history. The regiment was for nearly four years constantly in the front; aud during the summer's heat and winter's cold was actively engaged, and never went into summer- or winter-quarters. Its heaviest and most important marches were performed during the winter months, in which it passed through nearly every State of the would-be Confederacy. From Paducah, Ky., the regiment marched nearly all the way to Grand Gulf, Miss., passing through Tennessee, Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabawa, Georgia, North Carolina, South Caro- liua, and Virginia. It took an active part in all the bloody buttles in the West under Grant, and afterwards under Gen. Sherman, beginning with Shiloh and Coriuth and the campaign following. It commenced the winter campaign under Gen. Grant in the interior of Mississippi. It crossed the Mississippi River below Graud Gulf, and did its full share of fighting in the battles of Port Gibson, Ray- mond, Jackson, Champion's Ilill, Black River, and in the forty-two days' siege of Vicksburg. After the surrender of Vicksburg, it made an important campaign under Gen.
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