USA > Ohio > Columbiana County > History of Columbiana County, Ohio, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 14
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Before the days of the artillery and contemporaneous with it, Judge J. A. Riddle commanded a cavalry company attached to the State militia, with headquarters at Wells- ville. In 1858, Capt. Henry Cope organized the Wells- ville Guards, with A. H. Battin as first lieutenant; James T. Smith, second lieutenant; and J. H. H. Hunter third lieutenant. Upon the breaking out of the war of the Re- bellion in 1861, the entire command, with one exception, enlisted in the service, and went out under the three months' call in Company K, Third Regiment Ohio Volunteers.
CHAPTER XXI.
MILITIA MILITANT.
THE organized militia of Columbiana were at different times called to active service in the field, and responded with patriotic ardor to whatever summons. Whether to meet the " great national emergency" of 1809, whose his- tory seems to be now involved in something of obscurity, to sustain the national arms in the more serious conflict of 1812, or, still later, in the war with Mexico, the citizen soldiery of the county were ever ready at a moment's warn- ing.
MEN DRAFTED FOR SERVICE IN 1809.
The following were drafted for service under the call for troops, in 1809, to meet the "great national emergency," which is elsewhere mentioned in this history of the militia.
FIRST BATTALION.
Jacob Gilbert, Captain ; Andrew Hahn, John Nidick, Philip Kollance, Chris- tinn Sidenor, Jacob, Hickenlively, Andrew Summer, Michael Shaffer. From Capt. Warner's Company .- Peter Wetright, Michael Pitts, Christian Crist," David Shoemaker," David Summer, David Taylor," Frederick Klitts.
. With rifle, pouch, and horn.
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO.
From Copt. Bushong's Company .- Abraham Fox, Joseph Woods, Michael Motin- ger, Jaines Arnistrung, John Cope, James Boulton, Paroall Hall. From Capt. Greenmire's Company .- Adam Journey, William Andrew, Michael Franks, Henry Bodman, John Taggart.
SECOND BATTALION.
Second Lieutenant, Joseph Zimmerman; Fourth Ensign, Christly Miece; Bes- xellea Betz, James Gragham, Hugh Fauster, Elisha Teeters," Michael Durr .*
From Cuptuin Altman's Company .- George Betz, Henry D'xon, John Beeson, George Yarnall, Caleb Cope, Samuel Huffman, James Whitacre, George Yeurger.
From Captain Little's Company .- John Harnts," Jacob Cronse." From Cuptain Roler's Company .- John Watkins, Joel Halloway, John Law- rence, Andrew' Alison, Henry Beck, Jabez Smith, a rifle, Robert Wal- lucc, Isruel Gaskel!, x musket.
The battalions were under Majs. Keith and Musser, and numbered in all fifty-five men. The return, dated May 3, 1809, certifies this to be the correct number drafted out of the Second Regiment, Second Brigade, and Fourth Division of Ohio Militia, and is signed by John Hindman, Colonel of Second Regiment.
LAST WAR WITH ENGLAND.
An interesting account of matters in the county involv- ing the movements of the militia is also given by Mr. Gregg, and is as follows :
" Of the war of 1812, Mr. Blocksom gave me some rem- iniscences which I will here relate. On the 18th of June war was declared, and soon afterwards Capt. Thomas Row- land raised a company of volunteers and marched to join Gen. Hull at Detroit, encamping the first night at the barn on the old Stuck farm, a mile west of New Lisbon, then owned by Gen. Beall. When this company arrived at the river Raisin, thirty miles from Detroit, intelligence reached them of Hull's surrender, and soon a demand was made by the British for the surrender of Capt. Rowland and his company. To this they refused to accede, retreated, and re- turned home.
" Major-Gen. Wadsworth, residing in Canfield, receiving information of Hull's surrender, sent an express to Brig .- Gen. Bcall, which arrived at New Lisbon about midnight on Sunday the 23d of August, 1812.t On receiving the information, Gen. Bcull aroused the male inhabitants of the town, and a meeting was held at a hotel kept where C. L. Frost now resides and keeps his grocery. Runners were appointed to arouse the militia of the county, and to notify the various captains of militia companies, and their com- mands, to meet in New Lisbon about Tuesday or Wednes- day after. The county was thoroughly aroused and a large attendance of militia took place, filling the town with a great number of people, and during the time, of course, great excitement prevailed, the greatest gathering being in and around the Stone House on Washington Street, then kept as a hotel, the depot of arms being in a log building which stood on the west side of the same lot, and but a few feet from the stone house. Mr. Blocksom was appointed, and immediately started as an express to Beavertown. On his arrival, however, he found the news of Hull's surrender had already reached there, and they were holding a meet- ing to take active measures to arouse the people of Beaver County.
" By Friday the militia were ready to march, and left New
# With rifle, pouch, and horn.
t Gen. Hull surrendered Aug. 16, 1812.
.Lisbon, one company of volunteers commanded by Capt. William Foulks, and a company of cavalry commanded by Capt. Daniel Harbaugh."
While the excitement was at fever-heat, a horseman suddenly appeared from the direction of Hanover and an- nounced the Indians coming, slaying and scalping in their course. The alarm became so great that a number of fami- lies hastened away with their effects, most of whom passed down the west fork . of Little Beaver and crossed the Ohio into Pennsylvania. The rider proved a false messen- ger, there being no occasion for the aların.
Five or six companies of volunteers and enlisted men and three or four companies of drafted militia were furnished by the county for the defense of the frontier. Besides those already mentioned were companies of volunteers com- manded by Capts. John Ramsay and Israel Warner, and companies of drafted men commanded by Capts. Jacob Gilbert, Joseph Zimmerman, William Blackburn, and Mar- tin Sitler, the regimental officers being Col. Hindman, Majs. Peter Musser and Jacob Frederick. Maj. Frederick was a representative in 1811, and Capts. Foulks, Harbaugh, and Blackburn at a later date.
NEW LISBON IN THE WAR OF 1812.
Capt. Rowland's Companies .- At the breaking out of the war of 1812, Capt. Thomas Rowland, of New Lisbon, raised a volunteer company at that place, which was after- wards encamped, with other Ohio militia forces, on the river Raisin, forty miles from Detroit, and was included in Hull's surrender; but the officers held a consultation and con- cluded that they would not surrender. That night they abandoned their fort and made good their retreat to Urbana, where the men were discharged. Subsequently to this, Capt. Rowland received the appointment of captain in the Seventeenth Regiment, United States army, and in the latter part of the spring of 1813 raised a second company at New Lisbon. To arouse the necessary military ardor he issued the following appeal :
"YOUNG MEN OF COURAGE, ENTERPRISE, AND PATRIOTISM,-Your country calls you to the field to assist in vigorously prosecuting a war which has been entered into, where every honorable means to avert it have failed. The encouragement given to soldiers is greater than has been known before. Every able-bodied soldier who shall enter the service for twelve months shall receive sixteen dollars bounty and eight dollars per month, with clothing and rations. Step forward with cheerfulness, and tender to your country your service for a few months, to assist in bringing to an honorable issue a war which = contrary course might prutract for years.
" THOMAS ROWLAND, "Capt. 17th Regiment, U. S. Army."
The appeal was not in vain. The company was raised and marched for Sandusky, July 16, 1813. A few days previous to its departure great excitement prevailed in New Lisbon. Many relatives of the young men who had enlisted endeavored to obtain their release, even after they had al- ready received the bounty, and, acting on the counsel of a lawyer named Reddick, many writs of hubeas corpus for their discharge were issued. To prevent the writs being served on him, Capt. Rowland marched his company out of the village in the form of a hollow square, with himself and music in the centre, and in this order traveled an entire
# Prepared by John Frost, of New Lisbon.
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day. Reddick followed to Cleveland, when an order, issued for his arrest by Col. Ball, caused his sudden departure the following night. If Reddick, a sort of " shyster" lawyer, ever made his appearance in New Lisbon again, it must have been for a very short time, for he was ever after regarded with contempt. How long Capt. Rowland's company re- muined in the service, or who composed it, cannot be defi- nitely ascertained, nor has the muster-roll of the other company been preserved.
Cupt. Harbaugh's Light Dragoons .- The following list of Capt. Daniel Harbaugh's company of light dragoons is copied from the muster roll of September, 1812:
Captain, Daniel Harbaugh ; First Lieutenant. David Scott; Second Lieutenant, George Clarke; Cornet, Michael Wirtz; First Sergeant, James Watson ; Second Sergeant, Jonathan Whitacre; Third Sergeant, Mordecai Moore ; Fourth Sergeant, Henry Hephner; Farrier, John Kuntz; Trumpeter, Daniel Lindesmith ; Privates, Abuer All son, Samuel Blackburn, Andrew Forbes, Henry Aten, John F fr, David Fife, John Goble, Morris E. Mor- ris, Philip Meis, William Moore. Thomas Moore, John McKin-ey, Ele- muel Swearingen, Benoni Swraringen, Grorge Wilson, Andrew Willi- bury, Matthew Adrian, Fisher A. Blocksom. Holland Green, John Mc- Millen, Edmond Keys, Nicholas Samperli, Thomas C. King, James Brady, Michael Croper, Martin Bridenstein, William Davis, John Hollinger, John Mckaig, Joseph Woods, Samuel Swearingen, John Rogers, Alex - ander Rogers, Samuel Hunt, John Fulks, John March int, Martin Armi- strong, John Por, Nathan Davis (captain's boy), Benjamin Paul, Fred- erick Zepernick (com.), Philip Houtz, Andrew Cruthiers.
The paucity of accessible records prevents giving a fuller and more satisfactory account of the patriotism of the peo- ple in this vicinity (New Lisbon) at a time when the courage of men was tried.
YELLOW CREEK IN 1812.
Yellow Creek furnished some of its best citizens for scr- vice in the war of 1812. Of those. who went out the names are recalled of David Maylone, Jeremiah Hick- man, Nicholas Hickman, William Moore, and Henry Arter.
COLUMBIANA IN THE REBELLION.
The county of Columbiana furnished for the war of the Rebellion her full proportion of soldiers, and the record of their behavior in all emergencies of the unfortunate civil contest is most honorable. A full, detailed description of the movements of the several regiments containing men from Columnbiana cannot be given, and would be undesira- ble in these pages.
The following sketches are, in part, and except as other- wise mentioned, abridged from the volumes by Whitelaw Reid entitled "Ohio in the War." The quotations are principally from the second volume of that work.
Sketches of several regiments had been promised, but were not furnished in time for publication in this volume; in these cases short notices have been substituted.
MORGAN'S RAID.
In the month of July, 1863, John Morgan, the Confed- erate raiding general, crossed the Ohio from Kentucky into Indiana with artillery and cavalry. He moved up the river, plundering and ravaging, closely pursued by Union troops, and encamped near Monroeville, Jefferson Co., Ohio. The excitement became intense in the country oc- cupied by the raiding forces, and increased as he progressed northward, and was in no wise appeased by the exaggerated reports concerning them. "The entire community," says
one account, " was in agitation. Many capable of perform- ing military duty went to Salineville, and spent the night under arms. Some of those who remained at home passed the night in wild excitement, and all were in deep sus- pense. As the sun rose on a beautiful Sabbath morning couriers came in haste exclaiming, 'Morgan is coming; he is robbing ! stealing horses !! and pressing soldiers into his service !!! ' These messengers increased the excitement. Some hid their money ; others secreted their horses in the thickets."
At Salineville, Morgan encountered a Federal force under General Shackelford, with whom he had a sharp skirmish, but escaped with his forces in the direction of Summitville, in the township of Franklin, from whence he was hotly pur- sued into the township of Wayne. At that place he made his last stand, and was finally captured on the farm of David Burbick, near the township line.
It is related by those conversant with the facts that the bold raider, John Morgan, was captured by Capt. Har- vey Hibbetts, in command of a troop of home-guards, who turned him over to Gen. Shackelford. Beyond creating great alarm among the inhabitants and stealing all the horses within reach of his forces, the raid of Morgan wus hot a serious affair.
FIRST REGIMENT .*
The 1st Ohio was organized, under President Lincoln's first call for troops, in April, 1861. Its nucleus was found in some of the old militia companies, and its ranks were largely filled by young men of the best social and pecuni- ary advantages from Southwestern Ohio. Within sixty hours after the telegraph brought the President's call the cars were bearing the regiment to Washington. It met, however, with vexatious delays on the route, and did not arrive on the Potomac till the danger was averted. Its carliest action was that at Vienna, whither Gen. Schenck's brigade,-to which it was attached,-in careful obedience to Gen. Scott's orders, and with his approval, was moving by rail. The rebels were found much sooner than Gen. Scott had expected. They fired into the train, but the 1st, followed by the rest of the brigade, hastily debarked, formed on the side of the track, and made so handsome a resistance that they were presently able to retire unmo- lested and with comparatively small loss. In the battle of Bull Run the 1st had little active share, but it and the rest of the brigade were kept in excellent order through all the disaster, and they rendered incalculable service in covering the retreat. Its losses were slight. The term of service of the regiment having now expired, it was sent home and mustered out.
In August, 1861, the regiment began the work of reor- ganization, which was not completed until October. Its place of rendezvous was at Camp Corwin, near Dayton. October 31st it left Dayton and reached Cincinnati ; No- vember 4th received its arms, and on the 5th left on the steamer " Telegraph No. 3" for Louisville. Arriving at mid- night, it went into Camp York, near that city. November 8th it embarked for West Point, at the mouth of Salt River, moved thence, on the 15th, via Elizabethtown, to
* Abridged from "Ohio in the War."
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Camp Nevin,-arriving on the following day,-where it reported to Gen. A. M. McCook, then in command of the 2d Division of the Army of the Cumberland. Soon after, it was brigaded with the 1st Kentucky, or Louisville Legiou, 6th Indiana, 1st Battalion 15th United States Infantry, and battalions of the 16th and 19th Infantry, forming the 4th Brigade of the 2d Division.
The regiment marched to Bacon Creek, and on the 17th of December to Green River,-the last four miles under the inspiration of music from Willich's guns at Munfordsville. As the regiment marched into camp that evening the dead and wounded of the 32d Indiana were being brought in from the field. It remained in camp at Green River until February 14th, receiving thorough drill and preparation for the field. On that day it received orders to join Gen. Grant's forces, then moving on Fort Henry. It marched to Upton Station, and Livouacked in the snow uutil the morn- ing of the 16th, when the news of the fall of Fort Henry caused a retrogrude movement to Green River. Thence, on the 17th, it marched to Nashville,-arriving March 3d,- and encamped at night five miles out on the Franklin turn- pike. The night was one of storm, sleet and snow, and pitchy darkness, and the men suffered from cold and ex- posare. On the 16th it marched to Duck River, arriving on the 21st, and on the 31st crossed the river and moved towards Savannah.
On the 6th of April cannonading was heard in the direc- tion of Shiloh, which caused a forced march of thirteen miles to Savannah, which was made in three hours, and to Pittsburg Landing, where the regiment arrived at daylight the next morning.
At six A.M. the regiment moved to the front and formed in line of battle, occupying a position on the left of its brigade, and to the right of Gen. Crittenden's division. After fighting until about noon, charging and driving the enemy steadily, and recapturing Gen. Sherman's headquar- tera' camp, the regiment retired to replenish its ammunition- boxes, leaving a part of the 5th Brigade as its relief. Am- munition being procured, the 1st returned to the field and participated in the general charge on the enemy's lines.
Col. Gibson's regiment being menaced by the enemy on its left flunk, the 1st Ohio and 19th Regulars went to its relief, arriving just in time to repulse a vigorous attack from the rebels. This closed the terrible battle, in which the regiment lost sixty men and officers killed and wounded. It was ordered back to the Landing, where it bivouacked that night in the rain and mud.
The regiment participated in the movement on Corinth. On the 27th of May six companies, under Major Bassett Langdon, had a brisk fight at Bridge Creek, and on the 30th the national forces entered Corinth.
June 10th the 1st started for Nashville, passing through Iuka, Tuscumbia, Florence, and Huntsville, and arrived by cars at Boiling Creek, July 7th. On the 14th it went to Tullahoma by rail, returned to Cowan's Station on the 18th, and on the 24th of August, under Gen. J. W. Sill, marched for Pelham, where it joined the forces under Gen. A. M. McCook. On the 28th it marched to Altamont, on the Cumberland Mountains, and on the 30th for Nashville," arriving neur that place September 7th. In company with
Gen. Buell's army, after a toilsome march it reached Louis- ville, September 26th, head of the rebel forces under Gen. Bragg. Thence the regiment marched to Shelbyville, Ooto- ber 2d, Frankfort, October 6th, lost eight or ten men at Dog-Walk in a fight with the enemy on the 9th, effected a. junction with Gen. Buell on the 11th, two days after the battle of Perryville, and went into camp on that battle-field.
The regiment reached Danville on October 14th, campod four days at Logan's Creek, near Hall's Gap, and thence --- the pursuit of Bragg's forces having ended-marched to Nashville, arriving there November 16th.
Gen. Rosecrans, having succeeded. Gen. Buell, reorgan- ized the whole army, which received the name of " Army of the Cumberland." The 1st became a part of the 14th Army Corps, 2d Division, of the right wing of the army.
The regiment participated in the battle of Stony River, where for a time the national forces were driven back. The Ist in this action was broken into squads, yet did goud ser- vice in checking the enemy, and later in the day was again rallied and formed on the right of the 6th Ohio, where it fought gallantly until driven back.
At Murfreesboro' the army was reorganized, and the 1st Ohio placed in the 2d Division of the 20th Army Corps.
June 24, 1863, the movement on Tullahoma commenced, and on that day, at Liberty Gap, the regiment was under a heavy artillery fire. Passing through Manchester, Tulla- homa was reached at one o'clock on the night of July 1st. The day following, two men of the 1st were killed by the accidental explosion of shells left in the abandoned camp of the rebels.
August 16th the line of march was resumed, passing through Estell Springs, Winchester, Salem, across Smoky Mountain, through White and Paint Rock Gaps, and en- camping at Bellefonte, on the Memphis and Charleston Railroad, on the 22d.
On August 30th the regiment moved to Stevenson, Ala., having joined the Chickamauga campaign, and on the day following crossed the Tennessee at Caperton's Ferry. Sep- tember 2d it ascended the Sand or Raccoon Mountains, marched across them to Winston's Gap, and on the 9th crossed the Lookout range.
On the afternoon of September 13th the troops were re- called from Broomtown Valley. They crossed the Lookout range, moved down the valley, ascended Lookout again. on' the 16th, and, passing along its crest, descended at Catlett's Gap, neur Pond Springs, having marched twenty-six miles in one day. September 18th the 1st Ohio was placed on picket near the right of the national lines. There was con- stant firing between the pickets during this day .- At nine o'clock A.M. of the 19th the regiment was relieved from picket-duty, and marched to the support of Gea. Thomas. After a march of ten miles, frequently stopping to form line of battle, the regiment reported to Gen. Thomas, was placed in line of battle with the 2d Division, and directed to recover the ground from which Gen. Baird's division had just been driven with great slaughter. The position of the 1st was in the front line, on the right of the 4th Brigade. While forming its line and preparing for a charge, it was subjected to heavy firing. Two men were torn from its ranks by round-shot.
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO.
The charge was made, the enemy driven from the cap- tured position, and all the artillery lost by Terrill in the morning retaken, with two guns belonging to the enemy. About dusk the enemy, having been reinforced, made another attack, which, in the gathering darkness, became a terrific fight, in which the 1st Ohio took conspicuous part, as also in the fight of the following day. At its close the Bational forces formed and marched to Rossville. The regiment lost in this battle, in killed and wounded, one hundred and twenty, a majority of whom fell in the terrific fight of Saturday evening. Lieut. John W. Jackson, a resident of New Lisbon, Ohio, was killed in this action. He was a gallant and meritorious officer, and was greatly lamented by his fellow-soldiers. A gallant soldier, Sergt. Burgtorf, was also killed. Among the wounded were Capt. Darnbursch and Lieuts. Grove and Hallenburg. The last named fell into the hands of the enemy.
The national forces withdrew to Chattanooga on the 22d of September. The 1st Ohio was assigned a position on the left of the Chattanooga road, its right resting at the bridge over Chattanooga Creek, where it lay for one hour and a half under the fire of two rebel batteries without being able to return a shot, and lost one killed and five wounded. This, position was occupied by the regiment until the night of the 25th of September, fighting the enciny by day and building earthworks by night; it then fell back to the second line of earthworks, and for the first time in eight days the men were allowed to throw off their accoutrements and rest in comparative safety.
From the beginning of March, 1863, up to and including the battle of Chickamauga and the operations around Chattanooga, Lieut .- Col. Bassett Langdon was in command of the Ist Ohio.
About the 20th of October the 20th Army Corps was consolidated with the 4th Corps, and the 1st Ohio was brigaded under Gen. Hazen in the. 3d. Division of that corps.
The regiment participated in the surprise and capture of the ridge commanding Brown's Ferry (on the Tennessee River) and the roads between Lookout Valley and the Raccoon Mountains, and in the battle of Orchard Knob, November 23d, where they charged on and captured the rifle-pits of the enemy, took one hundred and fifty prisoners, and drove the rebels into their intrenchments at the foot of Mission Ridge.
The regiment held the captured position until the 25th, when it was placed in the front line, on the right of the brigade and division. At the signal of three guns the forces moved across the open ground nearly a mile, saluted by the numerous batteries of the enemy on the crest of the ridge, and forced the rebels to abandon their works in the field. Lient .- Col. Langdon saw the necessity of making a dash at the ridge. Getting his regiment in line and rising to the height of the occasion, he pointed with his aword to the summit of the ridge and moved on. The whole command caught the inspiration, and mounted the almost perpendicular sides of the hill with au energy almost superhuman. . Iu the face of a terrible fire, by which five color-bearers of the regi- ment were either killed or. wounded, the lst pressed on aud broke over and carried the works and the crest of the
hill. Within twenty paces of the summit the last color- bearer-Capt. Trapp, of Company G-was wounded twice, and Lieut .- Col. Langdon was shot in the face, the ball coming out at the back of his neck. Maj. Stafford, of the 1st, was wounded at the foot of the hill, but accompanied his regiment to the top, and carried the flag into the works on the crest. Lieut. Christopher Wollenhaupt and Sergt .- Maj. Ogden Wheeler were killed near the crest of the ridge. The entire loss of the regiment wus five officers and seventy-eight men killed and wounded.
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