USA > California > History of California, Volume IV > Part 68
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652
LOCAL ANNALS OF THE NORTH.
tions. Commodore Jones' capture and restoration of the town in the name of the United States was the great event of 1842. Governor Micheltorena and his
pleted by Larkin this year. Dept. St. Pap., MS., iii. 81-4; Monterey Herald, Aug. 1, 1874; S. J. Pioneer, Nov. 24, 1877. Wreck of Star of the West. This vol., p. 562. Clyman, Diary, MS., 126-7, describes a visit to Montercy this year.
Military affairs. Military comandantes of the post; Gumesindo Flores 1841-2, José Castro 1842-3, Gen. Micheltorena or one of his officers 18-13-4, Juan Abella, Andrés Pico, Pedro Narvaez, and José Castro 1845. The pre- sidial cavalry company varied irregularly from 21 to 58 men rank and file, being 32 at the end of 1845. Pay-rolls $10,000 to $15,000 per year. Capt. José Castro, absent most of the time 1841-3; Nicanor Estrada 1843-4; Joa- quin de la Torre 1843. Lieut Manuel Castro in 1843. Alfereces Rafael Pinto, Jacinto Rodriguez, Joaquin de la Torre, agregado from 1841, Francisco Var- gas 1843, Valentin Gajiola (agregado and habilitado), and Dolores Félix in 1845. Vallejo, Doc., MS., xxvii. passim; Dept. St. Pap., B. M., MS., lxxxv. 3-4, 7; lxxxvi. 12-13; lxxxviii. 43-5; Id., Ben., C. & T., v. 1, 7. Artillery, 17 to 7 rank and file, pay-roll about $600 per month, under Capt. Mariano Silva, Sub-lieut Anastasio Cortés, and Gabriel de la Torre, agregado in 1845. This vol., p. 198; Dept. St. Pap., B. M., Ixxxvi. 12-13; lxxxviii. 44; Id., Ben., C. & T., v. 2, 8, 10. In 1841 an auxiliary company of 4 to 19 men under Capt. Santiago Estrada is mentioned. Id., B. M., Ixxxv. 9. In 1844 a company of defensores de la patria, or auxiliary cavalry, was organized 32 strong, and costing $600 per month. The officers were Capt. A. M. Osio, Lieut Joaquin Escamilla, alf. Rafael Estrada, and Francisco Araiza. There was a similar company at S. Juan under Capt. Francisco Pacheco. Id., lxxxviii. 50; St. Pap. Sac., MS., xix. 18-20; this vol. p. 407. See Id., p. 289, for a statement of men and officers in Micheltorena's battalion. Mofras in 1841-2, Explor., i. 325, reports 40 soldiers and 12 artillerymen, the presidio razed, the fort and simple battery with 3 brouze guns. An official report of 1812 gives the available force as 9 cavalry and 13 artillerymen. This vol., p. 203. Jan. 1842, arrangements made to buy a rancho called S. José from Abrego, and stock it with cattle for the company; but nothing more appears about it. I'a'lejo, Doc., MS., xi. 24. Armament removed to S. Juan in 1845. This vol., p. 603. For maritime affairs and revenue officials for this half decade see Id., 206 et seq., 339 et seq., 374 et seq., 428 et seq., 534 et seq.
Prefecture. Tiburcio Castro was prefect of the 1st district residing at S. Juan, until July 1811, when Jose Ramon Estrada succeeded him, being ap- pointed by the gov. on the 22d, taking possession on the 25th, issuing a proc- lamation on the 30th, and offering his resignation, which was not accepted, in Aug. Dept. Rec., MS., xii. 15; Mont. Arch., MS., xvi. 29; Dept. St. Pap., MS., xvii. 12-13; Id., Ben., C. & T., iv. 64; Id., Ben., P. & J., iv. 23; S. José Arch., MS., ii. 39. Francisco Arias had been appointed suplente in Jan., Dept. Rec., MS., xii. 3, but nothing more is heard of him. Estrada's salary was $2,000, and he seems to have resided at Monterey, but this is not certain. Manuel Castañares was secretary of the prefecture until Dec. 1842, when Manuel Castro was appointed. Dept. St. Pap., Ben., MS., ii, 38; Id., P. & J., iv. 32. In Nov. 1842, Estrada was in charge of the govt during Alvarado's absence. Vallejo, !)oc., MS., xi. 306. Oct. 13th, 1843, the offices of prefect and sub-prefect were abolished by the gov. and junta. This vol., p. 357- 8. July 12, 1845, prefecture restored, Monterey made 2d district with the town as cabecera, and Manuel Castro appointed prefect by Gov. Pico. Cas- tro took possession on Aug. 2d, having accepted on July 18thi. Dept. St. Pap., Ang., MS., x. 68-9; Id., S. José, v. 97; Id., Ben., v. 364-5, 375-6; Dept. Rec., MS., xiv. 65-6; Castro, Dor., i. 132, 137; Doc. Hist. Cal., i. 491; ii. 59, 84. Florencio Serrano was secretary. It appears that Pico on July 12th first
653
MUNICIPAL RECORD.
vagabond army came to the capital in 1843. In 1844 the cholos remained, the bishop came, and the small- pox raged. In 1845 the governor was expelled by
named David Spence as prefect. Dept. St. Pap., MS., viii. 4; Id., Ben., P. & J., ii. 84; but nothing appears in explanation of the change. Castro offered his resignation on Dec. 31st. Id., 93, but it was not accepted.
List of municipal officers. 1841. Juez de paz, Simeon Castro to Nov., José Amesti from Nov .; suplente Francisco Arias; jueces anxiliares Juan Rosales at S. Carlos, Vicente Cantúa, Joaquin Buelna (from Aug. ), and Ense- bio Borouda (from Oct.) at Pilarcitos. 1842. Jnez de paz José Z. Fernandez, suplente Teodoro Gonzalez; jueces auxiliares Joaquin Gutierrez, Antonio Tapia for S. Carlos, Graciano Manjares and Geo. Allen for Zanjon, Joaquin Buelna for Refugio, Jnan Higuera (?), Mont. Arch., MS., xvi. 37; juez de campo José Maria de la Torre; capt of the port Pedro Narvaez. 1843. Juez de paz Fan- filo Soberanes Jan .- Feb., José Z. Fernandez March-July, Teodoro Gonzalez May-Oct .; juez suplente Juan Antonio Vallejo, acting as juez 1° Nov .- Dec .; juez auxiliar at Refugio Salvador Espinosa; tax-collector Antonio Chavez and later Pierre Atillan; capt. of the port Pedro Narvaez. 1844. Alcaldes José Amesti and Florencio Serrano; regidores Gregorio Castañares, Marce- lino Escobar, James Watson, Estévan de la Torre; sindico Salvador Munrás; secretary José Antonio Chavez. Amesti being ill Serrano acted as alcalde 1°, and Escobar also seems to have acted often in the same capacity. Jueces auxiliares José Castillo, Antonio Mendez, Tomás Salgado, Joaquin Genling (?), Francisco Lugo (?); agente de policía Gabriel de la Torre; capt. of port Pedro Narvaez. 1845. Juez or alcalde 1º Marcelino Escobar, not allowed to resign in March. Dept. Rec., MS., xiv. 26; Dept. St. Pap., MS., viii. 38; juez 2° Joaquin de los Santos Escamilla in Jan., Francisco Araiza March-Aug., Feliciano Soberanes from Sept .; Vicente P. Gomcz secretary; sindico or tax- collector Olivier Deleisèques to May; in Sept. Vicente Molina was recom- mended for collector and Ignacio Ezquer for treasurer. Doc. Hist. Cal., MS., ii. 123; but Florencio Serrano was appointed treasurer on Sept. 24th. Mont. Arch., MS., xvi. 42. Agente de policía (?) Gil Sanchez; juez at Refugio Trinidad Espinosa.
Municipal government and administration of justice. 1841. Municipal and police regulations, card-playing, and lights before shops. Dept. St. P., Mont., MS., iv. 36; Mont. Arch., MS., x. 19-20. July 4th, the body of Dan- icl Ferguson was found on the Salinas road. José Ant. Arana, on account of his intimacy with F.'s wife Maria del Carmen Ruiz, was suspected of the mur- der and in Dec. was condemned to quit Cal. Dept. St. Pap., Ben., MS., iv. 11-15. Arana is said to have returned to Cal. in 1856. July, Joaquin Alva- rado sentenced to one month in the chain-gang for slandering the daughter of Miguel Avila. Mont. Arch., MS., iii. 6. 1842. Police regulations etc., sell- ing liquor, no standing on streets at time of mass, prisoners to have one hour in the sun each day, lights before houses as well as shops. Id., x. 23; xvi. 32 -3; Dept. St. Pap., Ben. P. y J., MS., iv. 21; Id., Mont., iv. 131; Vallejo, Doc., MS., xxxiii. 274; Dept. Rec., MS., xiii. 31. May, José C. Botiller sen- tenced to 8 years 'de servicio en las armas' for rape and seduction, and Igna- cio Arroyo to banishment as an accomplice. Mont. Arch., MS., x. 27. June, James O'Brien banished to the Sonoma frontier for 3 years for adultery. Id., iii. 15. Dec., collections for the year $71 in fines, $156 from shops. Id., 28- 9. Gov. approves appointment of jueces de paz, but the old authorities must continne until the 'nacion se constituya.' Dept. St. Pap., Ben. P. y J., MS., iv. 32. An Ind. shot by order of the gov. for assault on a woman. Garnica del Castillo, Recuerdos, MS., 2. Torre, Remin., MS., 97, relates that Manuel Gonzalez or Manuelillo, a South American shoemaker, who had long been sacristan at the Monterey chapel, was executed in July for the murder of an Englishman at S. Isidro, though Gonzalez maintained to the last that he had
654
LOCAL ANNALS OF THE NORTH.
revolutionary patriots. Military annals are confused and fragmentary; but the old presidial company was still kept in existence with a force of 20 to 30 men;
acted in self-defence. 1843. Instructions to jueces de campo, on slaughters, hide-sales, fires in fields; and other police regulations on prisons, gambling, liquor, etc. Mont. Arch., MS., xi. 5-6, 14-15; Dept. St. Pap., Mont., MS., iv. 137; id., Ben. P. y J., iv. 36; Id., Ben., iii. 159. Jan., a confirmed cattle- thief coudemned to 8 years in presidio at Acapnleo. Mout. Arch., MS., iii. 23. Alcalde Vallejo complains of an order to turn over munic. funds to Chavez the collector as showing a lack of confidence in himself; but his views are overruled by the prefect, and he is warned to be more moderate in his expres- sions. Id., xi. 2. July, Bonifacio Olivares banished for a year to Los Angeles as a vagabond. Id., iv. 1. Oct. a man accused by an Ind. woman of violence to her daughter, but acquitted on the ground that the mother had taken his money. Id., xvi. 39-40. Dec. 10th, election of compromisarios to choose an ayunt. Highest no. of votes 330. Leg. Rec., MS., iv. 3-8. 1844. Jan., 3 agentes de policía appointed. Dept. St. Pap., MS., xvii. 14. Feb .- March, a blotter of the ayunt, records. Choice of a public plaza between the houses of Benito Diaz, Francisco Pacheco, Teodoro Gonzalez, and Estévan Munrás. A light for the municipal house and bridge, also near Hartnell's house and in the casa consistorial. A plan of the capital received from the gov., with a request that the ayunt. should make town improvements conform to it. Other rontine matters and police regulations. Mont. Arch., MS., v. 29-35. More regulations on the old subjects, also on care of the streets, fire-arms, racing, etc .; also an order of the gov, of Feb. 4th, prohibiting the posting of lam- poons under heavy penalties. Dept. St. Pap., Mont., MS., iii. 98-9, 104-5; iv. 148-9; Dept. St. Pap., MS., xvii. 19. The plan of the town, which I have been unable to find, is also mentioned in Dept. Rec., MS., xiii. 66. Nov. 12th, order for election of ayunt. on Ist Sunday in Dec., half the regidores to hold over. Dept. St. Pap., Ang., MS., xii. 89. Gomez, Lo Que Sabe, MS., 75, relates that after the governor fixed a fine for not keeping lights in front of houses, J. M. Castañares one night put out Micheltorena's own light, reporting its absence to the alcalde, who collected $3 from his excellency. 1845. Financial. Feb. Ist, debts $190, list of credits $80, but incomplete. Receipts and expend. to end of May, $208. June 4th, alcalde owes munic. fund $21, less $13 paid. Pay of alguacil $8 per month. A timber tax collected. Receipts in Dec. $251, expend. $49. Doc. Hist. Cal., MS., ii. 35, 80, 128, 130-1, 169. Alcalde Escobar, his resignation being refused in March, went away for a month in May; and alcalde Araiza soon went away also because the military officers disregarded his authority. Capt. Torre was appointed to act temporarily, but many would not recognize him. All this and more -- a sorry picture of muni- cipal disorder-is presented in letters of July from Escobar and Araiza. Dept. St. Pap., MS., viii. 38-45. José Castro says in June that there are no jueces. Doc. Ilist. Cal., MS., ii. 60. July 13th, Col. Alvarado in a proclamation says that Mont. has been long without civil authorities, and an Indian mur- derer will be hanged to-day by sentence of court-martial. Vallejo, Doc., MS., xxxiv. 142. Torre, Remin., MS., 130-2, gives some details of this man's crime, au attack on women and children while bathing. July 28th, Escobar says he opened his court but was ordered by Alvarado to close it; and Rafael Sanchez (the Ind. referred to?) has been shot without process of law. Dept. St. Pap., Ben. P. y J., MS., iv. 48. May, E. Martinez and M. Castro sen- tenced to 5 years' presidio at S. Vicente, L. Cal. Dept. St. Pap., MS., vi. 33. Juez cannot 'run his court' without paper and a knife, which are furnished, 32 sheets of the former. Doc. Ilist. Cal., MS., ii. 25-6. June, $10 ordered paid for a lantern on the bridge. Id., 61. Aug., controversy between prefect and mil. comandante on complaint of Alcalde Araiza, about an Ind. woman 'deposited by civil process in the house of a citizen, but taken out and flogged
655
PRIVATE RANCHOS.
Micheltorena's battalion was a large but undesirable addition in 1843-4; and from 1844 a company of auxiliary cavalry, defensores de la patria, was ready
by Gabriel de la Torre. Id., 75, 82, 93; Castro, Doc., MS., i. 140. Araiza was insulted on the street in connection with this affair; and got leave of absence from the gov .; Escobar was still absent at Sta Bárbara; and the pre- fect asked for anthority to appoint 2 jueces ad int., and apparently was per- mitted so to appoint Soberanes as 2d juez. Doc. Hist. Cal., MS., i. 474; Dept. St. Pap., Ben., MS., v. 364-5. Dec. 10th, election of an ayunt. for 1846. Doc. Hist. Cal., MS., ii. 240.
List of private ranchos granted in 1841-5. Those marked with a * were rejected by the land commission or U. S. courts. * Agua Puerca and Las Francas (Sta Cruz), 1 1., 1843, R. Rodriguez and F. Alviso, who were claimants. Aguilas, see Real de las A. Año Nuevo (Sta Cruz), 4 1., 1842, Sineon Castro; M. A. Pico et al. cl. * Arastradero (Sta Cruz), 1 1., 1844, Albert F. Morris; Wm Blackburn cl. Arroyo Grande or S. Ramon (S. Luis Ob.), 1841, Seferino Carlon; Francis Branch cl. Asuncion (S. Lnis Ob.), 1845, Pedro Estrada, who was cl. * Atascadero (S. Luis Ob.), 1842, Trifon Garcia; M. A. Ortega cl. Atascadero (S. Luis Ob.), 1 1., 1842, Trifon García; Henry Haight cl, Cañada, see Carpintería, Chorro, Osos, and Rincon. Carneros, 1 1., 1842, Maria Antonia Linares, who was cl. Carpintería, Canada de la, } 1., 1843, Joaquin Soto, who was cl. Cayucos, see Moro y C. Cholam (S. Luis Ob.), 6 1., Manricio Gonzalez; Ellen E. White cl. Chorro, cañada (S. Luis Ob.), I 1., James Scott and John Wilson; Wilson cl. Cienega, see Paicines and Gavi- lan. Coches, 2} 1., 1841, Josefa Soberanes, who was cl. Corral de Piedra (S. Luis Ob.), 2 1. 1841, 1846, J. M. Villavicencio, who was cl. Corralitos (Sta Cruz), 4 1., 1844, José Amesti, who was cl. * Gavilan, cienega, 11 1., 1843, J. Y. Limantour, who was cl. Huasma (S. Luis Ob.), 51., 1843, Isaac Sparks, who was cl. Huerfano (S. Luis Ob.), 1 1., 1842; Mariano Bonilla; Francis Branch cl. Huerta de Romaldo (S. Luis Ob.), 1-101., 1842, Romaldo. Islay, see Osos. Laguna, see Punta de la L. Laureles 2,000 v. 1844, J. Agricia; L. Ransom cl. Lomas Muertas, 13 1., 1842, José Ant. Castro; Vicente San- chez et al. cl. Moro y Cayucos (S. Luis Obispo), 2 1., 1842, Vicente Félix; James McKinley cl. Ojitos, 2 1., 1842, Mariano Soberanes, who was cl. *Osos, cañada, 11 1., 1844, Modesta Castro, who was cl. Osos, Pecho y Islay (S. Luis Ob.), 1842-3-5, Linares et al .; John Wilson cl. Paicines, 2 1., 1842, Angel Castro, who was cl. * Pajaro, 6 suertes, 1843, José M. Borgas (?), who was cl. * Panoche Grande, 41., 1844, Vicente P. Gomez, who was cl. Paso de Robles (S. Luis Ob.), 6 1., 1844, Pedro Narvaez; P. Rios cl. Pecho, see Osos. Piedra, see Corral de P. Piojo, 31., 1842, Joaquin Soto, whose heirs were cl. Plcito, 3 1., 1845, Antonio Chavez; W. S. Johnson et al. cl. Potrero de S. Luis Obispo, 1 1., 1842, M. Concepcion Boronda, who was cl. Punta de la Laguna (S. Luis Ob.), 6 1., 1844, L. Are- llanes and E. M. Ortega, who were cl. Punta, see Año Nuevo. Real de las Águilas, 7 1., 1844, Fran. Arias, and Saturnino Cariaga; María Ant. Castro de Anzar, cl. Refugio (Sta Cruz) 31., 1841, José Bolcof, whose sons were cl. Rincon, cañada (Sta Cruz), 2 1., 1843, Pierre Sainsevain, who was cl. Rin- con, see S. Pedro. Robles, see Paso. Romaldo, see Hnerta. S. Agustin (Sta Cruz), 1 1., 1841, J. J. Crisóstomo Mayor; Jos. L. Majors cl. S. Benito, 1} 1., 1842, Francisco Garcia; J. Watson cl. S. Bernabé, 3 1., 1841-2, Petro- nilo Rios; Henry Cocks cl. S. Bernardo, 3 1., Mariano Soberanes, who was cl. S. Gerónimo (S. Luis Ob.), 21., 1842, Rafael Villaviciencio, who was cl. S. Juan Bautista, 2 1., 1844, J. A. Narvaez who was cl. S. Lorenzo, 5 1., 1841; Feliciano Soberanes, who was cl. S. Lorenzo, 51., 1842, Francisco Rico; A. Randall cl. S. Lúcas, 21., 1842, Rafael Estrada; J. McKinlcy cl. S. Luis Obispo mission buildings, etc., 1845, Scott, Wilson, & Mckinley; John Wil- son cl. Rauchos not named in S. Luis Ob. 1841, Ramona Carrillo, who was
656
LOCAL ANNALS OF THE NORTH.
to defend California from foes within and without. The presidio had disappeared, but a so-called fort, or castillo, was garrisoned by a dozen artillerymen with three or four guns in working order. Tiburcio Castro, the prefect of this first district, was succeeded in 1841 by Ramon Estrada, who served until the pre- fecture was abolished by Micheltorena at the end of 1843. On the restoration in July, 1845, Monterey became the second district, and Manuel Castro the prefect. Municipal affairs were directed by a juez de paz, except in 1844 when there was an ayuntamiento with an alcalde at its head. The successive muni- cipal chiefs were Simeon Castro and José Amesti in 1841, José Zenon Fernandez in 1842-3, Pánfilo Soberanes and Teodoro Gonzalez in 1843, José Amesti, Florencio Serrano, and Mariano Escobar in 1844, and Escobar, Francisco Araiza, and Soberanes in 1845. Municipal government was marked by a few contro- versies and many complaints of neglected duties, especially in 1845; and the administration of justice by the usual sequence of criminal trials. Great con- fidence must have been felt in the abilities of the town officials, for on one occasion they were required
cl .; 1,000 v., 1842, Vicente Linares, who was cl .; 100 x 50 v., 1844, José Mariano Bonilla, who was cl .; see also Arroyo Grande, Asuncion, Atascadero, Cholam, Chorro, Corral de Piedra, Huasma, Huerfano, Huerta, Moro, Osos, Paso de Robles, Punta de la Laguna, Potrero, S. Gerónimo, S. Luisito, S. Miguelito, S. Simeon, Sta Isabel, Sta Margarita. Sta Rosa, Vena. S. Luisito (S. Luis Ob.), 1841, G. Cantua, who was cl. S. Miguelito (S. Luis Ob.), 2 1., 1842, Miguel Avila, who was cl. S. Miguelito de Trinidad, 51., 1841, Rafael Gonzalez, who was cl. S. Pedro, rincon (Sta Cruz), 1842, José Arana. S. Ramon, see Arroyo Grande. S. Simeon (S. Luis Ob.), 1 1., 1842, Ramon Es- trada; J. M. Gomez cl. Sta Cruz ranchos, see Agua Puerca, Año Nuevo, Arastradero, Corralitos, Refugio, S. Agustin, S. Pedro, Sayante, and Tres Ojos. Sta Isabel (S. Luis Ob.), 41., 1844, Francisco Arce, who was cl. Sta Margarita (S. Luis Ob.), 4 1., 1841, Joaquin Estrada, who was cl. Sta Rosa (S. Luis 05.), 3 1., 1841, Julian Estrada, who was cl. Sayante (Sta Cruz), 1 1., J. J. Crisóstomo Mayor; Isaac Graham et al. cl. Trancas, sce Agua Puerca. Tres Ojos de Agua (Sta Cruz), 1,300 v., 1844, Nicolás Dodero, who was cl. Trinidad, see S. Miguclito. Tucho, 800 v., 1811, Simeon Castro, whose heirs were cl. Tucho, 250 v., 1842, 1844, Thomas Cole, who was cl. *Tucho, 1,500 v., 1843, J. J. Gomez; V. Gomez et al. cl. In Aug. 1845 Pedro Vasquez asked for land near Tucho. Doc. Ilist. Cal., MS., i. 492. * Vena (S. Luis Ob.), 1 1., 1842, Francisco E. Quintana, who was cl. Rauchos of Mont. not named: * 5 1., 1844-5, Josefa Martinez, Milton Little cl .; 400 v., 1844, Thomas Blanco, whose heirs were cl .; * 3 suertes, 1843, José C. Boronda, J. Stokes cl.
657
SAN CARLOS AND SAN LUIS.
to master a plan of the pueblo, to which improvements must conform. Private ranchos granted during the half-decade numbered about 60, of which 22 or more were in the San Luis Obispo region, and 9 near Santa Cruz.
Of San Carlos there is little to be said. Perhaps 40 ex-neophytes, the figure given by Mofras, still lived in the vicinity, but the mission buildings were abandoned. Padre José María Real was nominally in charge, living at Monterey, and possibly holding service occasionally in the mission church until 1845, when his brother Padre Antonio Real, and for a time Padre Juan Antonio Anzar, seem to have served here. Simpson and Maxwell describe the ruins, giving chief attention to the paintings still hanging in the church, which was cared for by a man and his wife, the only residents. In Pico's decrees of 1845 San Carlos was regarded as a pueblo, or abandoned mission, and the remaining property was to be sold at auction for the payment of debts and the support of worship; but of the property, if any existed, the sale, and the worship, we have no further record. The glory of San Carlos Borromeo del Carmelo de Monterey had departed forever-or at least until 1884, when a shingle roof was put on the old church.2
At San Luis Obispo, in the extreme south of the district, Padre Ramon Abella served until the end of 1841 or beginning of 1842 and the presbyter Miguel Gomez took charge as curate apparently late in 1843. There are no statistics, but Mofras gives the popula- tion as 80 in 1841-2, and I suppose that in 1845 there may have been 60 ex-neophytes living on the ex-mission lands.3 Cané, as administrator, was suc-
2 Simpson's Narr., i. 370-1; Mofras' Explor., i. 320; Maxwell's Mont. in '42, M.3., 21-2; R. vista Cientif., i. 328-9; this vol., p. 549-52.
3 S. Luis Obispo, 1841-5. 1811. Vicente Cane, juez auxiliar and pre- sumably majordomo. Los. Ang. Arch., MS., ii. 27-8; Mont. Arch., MS., x. 10. Jaly 19th. Cané seuds to gov. a plan of a sq. league of land suscepti- bie of irrigation, 2,000 varas from the mission. Other lands are broken and without water. St. Pap. Miss., MS., ix. 77. 1842. Mariano Bonilla took HIST. CAL., VOL. IV. 42
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LOCAL ANNALS OF THE NORTH.
ceeded in April, 1842, by Mariano Bonilla, also juez de paz, who in obedience to the governor's order of July made at least a partial distribution of the lands and other property to the ex-neophytes. In July, 1844, the governor ordered the complete emancipa- .
charge April 26th, having been appointed administrator and juez de paz auxi- liar on the 14th. Id .; Dept. Rec., MS., xii. 50, 52; xiii. 30, 36; Dept. St. Pap. Mont., MS., iv. 58; Mont. Arch., MS., x. 26; Avila, Doc., MS., 1-4; S. Luis Ob. Arch., MS., 4; Bonilla, Doc., MS., 10-11. May 4th. B. writes that the establishment is in a bad state, nothing of valne left. St. Pap. Miss., MS., ix. 78. Sept. 9-10th, the gov. orders Bonilla to distribute to the Ind. from the vacant lands (as in the plan noted above ?) lots not exceeding 100 varas; also implements, furniture, and other property, according to merit, size of family, etc. Pico, Pap. Mis., MS., 59; S. Luis Ob. Arch., MS., 4, Dec. 10. Dec. 10th, a specimen grant by Bonilla under the above order to the ex-neophyte Odon a lot of 73 varas, the house occupied by him, a copper pot, and two tronghs. The conditions are that he must care for certain fruit- trees on the land, the fruit belonging to the community; cannot sell or trans- fer the property; and must cultivate the land or it will revert to the commu- uity. Bonilla, Doc., MS., 10-11. 1843. No record whatever, except the coming of P. Gomez. S. Luis Ob., Lib. Mis., MS., 56. 1844. José María Villavicencio and José Ortega, jueces de paz. Mont. Arch., MS., v. 27; xi. 16-17; S. Luis Ob. Arch., MS., 3; Dept. Rec., MS., xiii. 63. Feb. 16th, the Mont. ayunt. voted to appoint a 2d alcalde for the new pueblo of S. Luis. Mont. Arch., MS., v. 30. March 18th, a report on the southern missions represents S. Luis as having no lands or live-stock, its Ind. being demoralized and dispersed. Pico (Pio), Doc., MS., i. 14. July 15th, decree of Gov. Micheltoreua. The mission, having no property, and only a few aged neo- phytes who earn their living as best they can, is formed into a pueblo, having for its ejidos the unoccupied lands near the place where the Ind. are located; the Ind. to be entirely free except that they must furnish the personal service of 6 cach week to the curate; the padre's house to be the parsonage, and other buildings for school, jail, and other public uses to he assigned by the govt iu accord with the curate; the pueblo to have for the present an aux- iliary juez de paz, subject to the ayunt. of Monterey; lots to he granted only by the govt, the water in ditches and streams to be free for use of citizens, the curate charitably attending to the assignment; the juez to have charge of all mission implements, etc., and with them to judiciously aid the Ind .; the Ind. not to sell their lauds, which when unoccupied will revert to the nation; the emancipated Ind. and other citizens must attend to repairs of church, parsonage, etc., also of ditches and other public works, also assisting at rodeos. Pico (Pio), Doc., MS., ii. 73-6; St. Pap. Miss., MS., ii. 399-401. In Arce, Doc., MS., 12, is an original order of same date identical with Art. 5 on the buildings. July 16th, the gov. grants to the church for the support of worship a sq. league of land at La Laguna and two huertas, cultivation by Ind. actually living on the lands not to he impeded. The grant is formally .accepted by the bishop. It was in later years confirmed by the U. S. courts. Pico, Dee., MS., ii. 23-5; Hayes' Miss. B., i. 2-4; This vol., p. 423-4. July, , a military comp. under Capt J. M. Villavicencio to be organized. Id., 407. 1845. Joaquin Estrada juez de paz, Jesus Pico mil. com. and proposed for juez in Nov. S. Luis Ob. Arch., MS., 25; Dept. St. Pap., vii. 111; Id., Ben. P. . J., ii. 177; Id., Ben. Mil., Ixxxviii. 51. In Sept. the bishop protested against the Laguna lands being ceded to John Wilson. Dept. St. Pap., MS., vi. 147-8. Dec. 4th, sale of the ex-mission buildings, except curate's house, town hall, school, and jail previously reserved, to Scott and Wilson, for $510. This vol., p. 552-3. This title was confirmed by U. S. courts. Possession was given in Dec. 1845, to Jesus Pico, representing S. & W.
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