USA > California > Santa Barbara County > History of Santa Barbara county, California, with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 107
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ommended by English physicians, as winter resorts; but they are salubrious in winter only, and even then their foreign ways, with the costliness of fires and other comforts. subtract much from their desira- bleness for American invalids.
It is only just beginning to be known that south- ern California has a climate whose dryness, uniform- ity. freedom from malaria, general tonie properties, and fitness for out-door life, alike in summer and in winter, make it the sanitarium of the Western Continent for consumptives, and, I might add, an ad- mirable camping-ground for the great army of over- worked, debilitated, nervous, sleepless men and women, whose ranks are constantly recruited by the devotees of business and fashion in Eastern cities. The five southern counties of California-Santa Bar- bara, Ventura (recently formed), Los Angeles, San Bernardino and San Diego, embrace a region of coun- try larger than the five States, New Hampshire, Ver- mont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut. This region includes a great variety of climate, whose prevailing characteristics, however, are uniformity, dryness and mildness. Two or three advantages offered to invalids by this region, as compared with the health resorts named above, are worth noting :-
1. It is a good climate for the invalid the year round. He will not be driven away, as from Florida and the Riviera, by summer heats or pestilential malarias, nor as from Minnesota and Colorado, by extremes of eold in winter. The average heat, at 2 P. M., during the months of June, July and August last, at Santa Barbara, was 73.30º Fahrenheit. Six times only did the mercury rise above 8 1º at midday. The warmest day of the summer indicated 72º, 86º and 67º, at 7 A. M., 2 p. M. and 9 p. M. On the other hand, the three winter months gave an average indi- cation, at 2 p M., of 65.18°. On three days only did the thermometer mark less than 55° at noon. The coldest day of the winter indicated 40°, 55° and 53º, at 7 A. M., 2 P. M. and 9 p. M. The following table, prepared by the editor of the Santa Barbara Press, gives the result of three daily readings of the ther- mometer for two successive years-1870-72 :-
1870-71. 1871-72.
Mean of Spring months 60° 60°
Summer 69
67
Autumn 65
62
66 Winter
53 53.5
For the whole year 60.2 60.6
These figures ju-tify the statement that here is a clime where winter is robbed of its cold, and summer parts with its heat, to make of all the year one un- ending season of mildness and comfort.
Pulmonary disease is seldom cured by a winter's sojourn in any climate. In the earliest stages of the disease, the patient ought to betake himself to a cura- tive atmosphere for a period of years, or, better still, for a permanent residence. The fortunate mva- lids here are those who come early and come to stay.
2. In southern California one may choose his climate I have described the whole region as dry, mild, and equable; but some points excel in dryness, and others in equability. One may live on the sea- shore at Santa Barbara or San Diego, or in the inte- rior at Riverside: he may live on the plain at Los Angeles, or among the mountains back of San Ber- nardino. He may greatly vary his climate within a much smaller range. Here, in the town of Santa Barbara, in the Hot Springs Canon, six miles distant, on the summit of the Santa Ynez Mountains, twelve miles away, and at the newly discovered springs at
456
HISTORY OF VENTURA COUNTY.
the opposite foot of the range, twenty miles distant, are four quite different climates, the difference being effeeted by change in altitude and distance from the sea. (At the two latter points there are as yet no suitable accommodations for travelers, but with a good tent one may camp at either place nine months of the year.)
3. This climate permits and invites out-door life ad libitum. The donkey boys in Egypt point to the mud huts of the natives, and say: " This sleep the Arab." A dwelling here needs be scareely more than a place in which to eat and sleep. My family passed the last winter with entire comfort in a house, whose timbers were inch boards, and whose plaster- ing was factory muslin and wall-paper. A minimum of fire morning and evening was pleasant, but there were few days when it was not safe to read or sew on the veranda, over which the passion-vine and the Australian pea trailed in beauty the winter through. Cheap native horses (ten to fifteen dollars) put exercise in the saddle within reach of all. At any season of the year one can drive from Santa Barbara to San Diego, by way of Los Angeles and San Bernardino, a trip of nearly 300 miles, eamping out every night without undue exposure. If he at- tempt it in the winter he should have a good tent with a fly, and expect to be delayed now and then by a rainy day, or a swollen stream; in the summer, if he is a " healthy invalid,' he may wrap himself in a heavy blanket and sleep in or under his wagon, or beneath the thick branches of a live-oak.
In January last, I slept on the ground every night, during a week's trip to Rancho El Conejo, without taking the slightest cold. I write these words sit- ting in the door of my tent, in which my two boys and myself have tabernacled for the past two months. For the first month we pitched our tent in a live-oak grove in the Montecito Valley, where we could hear the pulses of the Pacific throbbing ceaselessly on the shore; now we have planted ourselves twenty miles inland, in a wild eañon, overhung with sycamores, and threaded by a laughing stream, on either side of which sulphur springs, both hot and cold, burst forth, furnishing the most delicious bath I have ever known.
The climate of this region closely resembles that of Palestine. It admits the palm and the orange in favored spots; it is kindly to the almond and the olive, the apricot and the pomegranate, and, strangely enough, to the peach and apple as well; and is the chosen home of figs and grapes. It has two seasons, the wet and the dry. The wet season is by no means, how- ever, continuously wet. Twiee during the last win- ter we had a rainy week; at other times occasional showers. The winter is the period of beauty and verdure; during the long dry summer the hills grow dusty and brown, yet the power of the soil to endure long drought is amazing. Not a drop of rain has fallen since February 28th, yet I ean stir the ground with the toe of my boot sufficiently iu any well-tilled field to turn up moist earth. *
Of all the southern towns, Santa Barbara is, to my eye, the gem. It lies on the Pacific, yet such is the configuration of the coast, that its outlook to the sea is not to the west, or even the south, but to the southeast. The Santa Ynez Mountains on the north and northwest, and a group of hills on the south west, shelter its valley from the ocean winds. The pictur- esque little town, with its modern hotels and quaint old adobe houses, lies thus in the embraee of the mountains and the sea, the two great regenerators of the atmosphere. You never tire of the alternation, as with one sweep of the eye, you take in the grand
repose of the craggy heights and the grand restless- ness of the deep. Its population is more homoge- neous, its schools and churches are more New England- like than those of any other California town that I know. * * *
Scores of consumptives come to this far-away land only to die; they come too late to be benefited by any elimatie change. Some who leave home with a fair measure of strength, are overpowered by the long journey with its many exposures and sudden changes of altitude, from the lofty Sierras to the hot Sacra- mento Valley, and the wind swept streets of San Francisco, but those who are wise enough to come in the early stages of their disease, who are able when they arrive to ride in the saddle, to bathe in the surf, to gather sea-mosses on the beach, to make excursions to the Old Mission and the Big Grapevine, to the Hot Springs and the petroleum beds, and to the great sheep ranehos farther away, to live in the sun- shine and take healing to their lungs with every breath, thank God, and take courage. "See Naples and die," say the proud Neapolitans. "Come to Santa Barbara and live," say the equally contented Barbarenos.
Nervous diseases here are shorn of half their ter- rors. All forms of mental disease find a specific in the soft but not enervating atmosphere that comes to the tired author like a sweet sleep. The follow- ing article of Mrs. Virginia F. Russell, one of Santa Barbara's best writers, is to the point :---
MRS. V. F. RUSSELL ON NERVOUS DISEASES.
A vast deal has been written and said concerning the influence of the climate of Santa Barbara on the feeble in health, but the effects of her surroundings have never received a tithe of their share of praise. The relations of mind and body are so intimate that no physician is justified in considering his patient only as a chemical compound, to be wrought upon solely by tangible forces. Discontent breeds dis- ease. Mental depression causes physical depression. Anger or fretfulness eauses indigestion. Sorrow causes physical prostration. Despair is an approach to the grave. Sudden shocks upon the mind or feelings have caused death. Laugh and grow fat is practical advice. Cases innumerable have been treated by the medieal fraternity, and subsequently attained a perfect eure under a treatment recognizing the power of the mind in throwing off disease. I know of one eminent physician, who goes so far as to assert that all disease originates in the mind.
If Santa Barbara eould offer the invalid only a elear sky and mild, equable temperature, her advan- tages as a place of resort would be only half what they are. Her climate must share its honors as a curative agent with the beauty of her surroundings. Those sweet influenees that steal out from her ever-varying mountains, her rolling hills, her farm-dotted valleys, her sea-girt islands and expanding ocean, are no less powerful in their remedial effects than the mildness of her air and the uniformity of her temperature. Hers is not a mere quiescent beauty, but possesses an active, wooing, winning charm. There are seenes more wild, more grandly sublime, than those of the valley of Santa Barbara, but as exquisite conceptions of beauty, more impressive combinations of ocean, mountain and valley can hardly be imagined. Here are bold, gigantie cliffs, whose outlines are shadowed in an atmosphere of blue and purple mists, and here are mountains clothed with dark forests and fringed
457
CONCLUDING SUBJECTS.
with pine. Here are dimpled hills, crowned with the green of vineyards, and silver-leaved groves of olives, and verdant plains, and tropical shades, and banks of flowers. Touched with the capricious hues of a semi-tropical sky, the landscape shifts from gloom to beauty, from glory to repose. Every pale cliff is a prism, reflecting changing lights. Every steep gorge or shallow depression is a study of shade and deepening color. Yesterday the mountains were black. Wreaths of fog floated like phantom islands about their dark sides, and the sea was a mass of dull lead. Gloomy clouds hung over it. It was a place of ghouls and boding mysteries. To-day it is rippling silver, and the sun, rising from its bosom, pours over it a flood of glory. The bald cliff's catch the light, and it is carried from mountain to mount- ain, from hill-top to hill-top, and the town grows luminous with colors, and every pane of its dwell- ings is fretted with glittering diamonds.
The senses of man are here steeped in constant ex- bilaration. Perpetual beauty everywhere greets the eye. The air is laden with the perfumes of unfading gardens, and the music of restless waters sounds in constant measure upon the shore. The nerves are soothed in the balmiest of balmy atmospheres, and the heart is bettered by every sweet influence that can go out from the bosom of Nature to awaken the divinity in man.
THE TEMPERATURE.
The daily record of the weather has been kept by many, including Dr. Shaw and George P. Teb- betts. As a general thing, statistics are skipped by readers of works of this kind, and the publishers have not, for this reason, burdened the work with many pages of solid figures; but attention is ealled to the following :-
The following statisties will show the few disa- greeable days :-
Number of days during which the temperature fell below 43º: 1873, 7 days; 1874, 9 days; 1875, 4 days; 1876, 17 days; 1877, 15 days; 1878, 23 days; 1879, 13 days; 1880, 48 days.
Number of days during which the temperature rose above 83º: 1873, 1 day; 1874, 6 days; 1875, 22 days; 1876, 4 days; 1877, 10 days; 1878, 8 days; 1879, 15 days; 1880, 1 day.
Average below 43º, 17 days; average above 83°, 8} days.
The following table gives the temperature of some of the noted resorts of the world :-
TABLE OF COMPARATIVE TEMPERATURES.
LOCATION.
Win- ter.
Sp'g
Sun- mer.
Au tumn.
Dir.bet. Summer and Winter.
Funchal, Madeira ..
62.88
64.55
70,89
70.19
8.10
St. Michael, Azores
57.83
61.17
69.33
62.33
10.50
Santa Cruz, Canaries ..
84.65
63.87
76.68
74.17
12.03
SANTA BARBARA
54.29
59.45
67.71
63.11
13.42
Nassau, New Providence
70.67
77.67
86 00
80.33
15.33
San Diego, California
54.09
60.14
69.67
64.63
15.58
Cadiz ..
52.90
67.00
71.00
62.00
18.00
Malta
57.46
62.76
78.20
71.03
20.74
Algiers.
55,00
66.00
77.00
61.00
22.00
St. Augustine, Florida ..
58.25
68.69
80.36
71.90
22.11
Rome
48.90
57.65
72.16
63.96
23.26
Nice .
47.82
50,23
72.26
61.63
24.44
New Orleans
56.00
69.37
81.08
69,80
25.08
Cairo, Egypt. .
58.52
73.58
85.10
71.48
26.58
Jacksonville, Florida
55.02
68.88
81.93
62.54
26.91
Pan ..
41.80
54.06
70.72
57.39
28.86
Florence
44.30
56.00
74.00
60.70
29.70
Aiken, South Carolina.
15.82
61.32
77.36
61.96
31.54
Boston, Mass.
28.08
45.61
69,69
51.04
40.60
New York ..
31.93
48.26
72.62
48,50
40.69
Denver, Colorado.
27.66
46.33
71.66
47.16
44.00
St. Paul, Minnesota
15.09
41.29
63.03
44.98
52.94
Minneapolis, Minn
12.87
40.12
69.34
45.33
55.49
HIGHEST, LOWEST, AND AVERAGE TEMPERATURE AT SANTA BARBARA, FOR EACH MONTH AND YEAR FROM JAN. 1, 1871, TO JAN. 1. 1881.
| Jan.
| Feb. M'ch. | April | May | June
July
Ang. | Sept.
/ Oct. | Nov.
Dec.
Year
1871 |
76
68
75
83
84
79
89
99
88
100
80
72
100
1872 | 72
73
74
75
94
100
82
96
83
88
81
79
100
1873
76
67
76
80
78
80
86
82
83
82
82
68
86
1974
70
69
70
78
78
82
86
83
83
72
78
69
88
HIGHEST.
1875
73
77
76
86
95
80
84
90
83
72
78
69
95
1876
73
71
74
86
80
84
84
83
83
85
81
75
86
1877
83
79
76
73
75
102
87
82
86
77
82
74
102
1878
67
69
69
77
77
76
80
84
94
84
76
76
94
1879
69
79
89
83
92
97
80
85
86
90
77
,3
97
1880
70
63
69
69
82
75
75
77
85
81
77
70
85
(1871
40
40
46
46
52
56
58
60
54
48
40
40
1 40
1872
38
42
46
47
50
57
60
60
58
49
51
41
35
1873
42
40
48
46
54
58
58
61
56
56
46
40
40
1874
38
41
44
50
53
56
59
58
57
52
48
43
33
1875
40
44
44
41
50
54
58
59
57
52
48
43
40
1876
40
41
48
47
53
56
59
60
56
55
46
43
40
18/7
42
46
40
50
52
58
61
58
58
46
49
40
40
1878
38
41
46
46
52
57
58
57
56
52
41
3.
1879
38
39
46
50
52
54
5×
59
55
50
42
33
33
1880
33
36
39
46
51
52
53
54
51
41
1
36
41
33
(1871 | 54.24 | 52.95 | 58.42 | 58.58 | 64.66 | 03.06 | 65.09 | 63.46 | 65.08
1872 | 51.53 | 55.59 | 57.76 | 59.75
1873 | 55.63 | 52.01 | 59.34 | 60,52 | 62.52 | 65.66 | 67.57 | 63,76 | 65.34 | 61 36 | 59.23 | 52.98
1874 53.50 | 52.20 | 54.30 | 60.50 | 63.00 | 67.70 | 70.00 | 63.60
1875 | 50.37 | 52.98 | 55.97 | 57.89 | 63 91 | 65,00 | 65 44
1878 | 51.46 | 54.55 | 53.61
61.00
63.00 | 67.00 | 70,00 | 67.00
66.00
65.00
60.00 | 55.00
61.14
1877 | 56.00 | 59.00
00.00 | 55.00
62.50
1878 | 54.00 | 56.00 | 57.00
59.00
63.00 | 86.00
67.00
66 00
66.00 | 63.00 | 6),00 | 52.00
52.10}
61.45
1880
48.92 | 47.87
| 51.19
55.41 | 60.78
| 61.26 | 61.79 | 62.69
62.36
59.52 53.60
55.29
57.65
Average for January, 5 65.
Average for July, 67.51.
Yearly Average, ---
It has been quite the fashion to pre- scribe a trip to vine-elad Italy, or to the sunny skies of Spain, for those af- flieted with consumption. It could not be believed that upon our own shores, in the comparatively unknown coun- ties, we had better climate and sur- roundings every way; and all stories of that kind were catalogued with other big stories. The world learns slowly, but learns nevertheless, and Santa Barbara is becoming known. Even the London Times, in a recent publication, went so far as to speak of the wonder- ful climate of California.
HUMIDITY.
For the same reason that the tem- perature is modified by the movement of the sea-breezes across the county, the atmosphere parts with a portion of its humidity; otherwise, notwithstand- ing its even temperature, it might hold in its bosom the seeds of pestilence and fever. The following is the monthly mean humidity, saturation
AVERAGE.
1879 | 51.00 | 57.00
60,00
62.00
64.00 | 65.00
67.00
63.02
65 00
62,10 | 55.00)
64.00 | 60.70 | 53.40 | 61.20
| 69.72
66.70 |
64.00
60.70 | 53.40
61.20
59.00 | 59,00 | 62.00 | 69.00 | 70.00 | €3,00
67.00 | 64.00
61.54
58 86 | 59.86
61.94
60,90
23.50
Mentone ..
49.50
60.00
78.00
56.00
17.53
Lisbon
53,00
59,93
70,43
65.35
-
LOWEST.
04.52 , 58,09 | 54.85 61.07
66.10
68.98 | 68.20 | 69.53 | 66.62 |
66 70 |
69.75
1
458
HISTORY OF VENTURA COUNTY.
being 100: January, 71; February, 72; March, 73; April, 67; May, 65; June, 69; July, 72; August, 73; September, 74; October, 70; November, 64; Decem- ber, 64; whole year, 69}; winter months, 69; spring months, 683; summer months, 713; autumn months, 69}.
SUNNY DAYS.
The sun does not shine always. To do so would make anything but a pleasant place of the country. A few rainy days are necessary for health, even to say nothing of the vegetation. An invalid, L. Brad -. ley, from Illinois, kept a record of the pleasant days as follows :-
During the year there were :-
310 pleasant days, so that an invalid could be out of doors five or six hours, with safety and com- fort.
29 cloudy days, upon over twenty of which an in- valid eonld be out of doors.
12 showery days, upon seven of which an invalid could be out an hour at a time several times in eaeb day.
10 windy days, confining the invalid to the house all day; and
5 rainy days, also confining the invalid to the house during the whole of that time.
366
EXCEPTIONAL WEATHER.
Snow, frost, and ice occasionally oeenr. On Feb- ruary 1, 1879, snow fell on the mountains and re- mained several hours. It is said that the coldest weather ever seen here was in 1847, when ice froze three-fourths of an inch thick. The children thought it was glass, and one of them, Miguel Burke, after walking across the pond on the glass, took a roek and broke out a piece to take home with him. The moisture from the melting annoying him, he set it up by the fire to dry. He was of course astonished to see it all turn to water and leave.
On December 24, 1879, the thermometer in Santa Barbara fell to 24°, being 8° below zero. Mrs. Wheaton made ice-cream with Santa Barbara iee. Ice formed at Ventura half an inch thick. Water froze as late as eight o'clock. During the first week of February, 1880, ice formed half an ineh thiek.
No place but the tropics is entirely exempt from frost. Even in Florida, the ideal orange country, iee sometimes makes four inches thick.
" In 1868 snow fell at Pensacola, and the vessels in the gulf were sleeted over. As far south as Tampa the oranges were frozen on the trees, and the groves everywhere on the main-land, were injured. In 1871 iee formed on the pools, and impeded the wheels of the steamers on the St. John's. The damage to the groves was very great and discouraging, but the profits of orange eulture are large, and capitalists have been tempted to re-invest, and thousands of young groves have been planted, whose fate must be decided to-day. If clouds favor them, and a gradual thaw occurs, the trees will lose their leaves, but not their lives. If the sun shines with fervor, unpro- tected trees must succumb. The sun is the benefactor
to this State, especially as its beneficent rays are the healing balm for invalids. Let us hope that to-day their warmth will be tempered to suit frost- bitten Flora and Pomona."-Florida Paper.
Although iee, frost, and snow come occasionally, ordinarily those who do not get out doors before eight o'clock, will see no frost during a season. When it does come, it does little harm. It is not strong enough to kill tomato vines, which live to be several years .old without protection.
HOT WEATHER
Sometimes oceurs. From the Coast Pilot of Califor- nia, published by the United States Coast Survey :-
" The only instance of the simoon on this coast, men- tioned either in its history or traditions, was that occurring at Santa Barbara on Friday, the 17th of June, 1859. The temperature during the morning was between 75 and 80°, and gradually and regularly increased until about one o'clock P. M., when a blast of hot air from the northwest swept suddenly over the town, and struck the inhabitants with terror. It was quickly followed by others. At two o'clock the thermometer exposed to the air rose to 133º, and continued at or near that point for nearly three hours, whilst the burning winds raised dense clouds of impalpable dust. No human being could with- stand the heat. All betook themselves to their dwellings and carefully closed every door and win- dow. The thiek adobe walls would have required days to have become warmed, and were consequently an admirable protection. Calves, rabbits, birds, etc., were killed; trees were blighted; fruit was blasted and fell to the ground, burned only on one side; and gardens were ruined. At five o'clock the thermom- eter fell to 122º, and at seven it stood at 77º. A fisherman in the channel in an open boat eame back with his arms badly blistered.
"At the entranec to the valley of El Cojo, near Point Concepcion, whilst engaged in making astro- nomical observations during July, August, and Sep- tember, in 1850, we frequently experienced hot blasts coming down from the Sierra Concepcion, after two or three days of elear, ealm. hot weather, the north winds apparently bringing the heated air from be- hind the Sierra. The record shows many eases where stars suddenly became so very diffused, large and unsteady, by these hot blasts, as to be unfit for observation. Beyond the annoyance and delay occa- sioned by this circumstance, no observations were made to determine the temperature of the heated air. It had, of course, not near so elevated a temperature as that sweeping over Santa Barbara, and was quite fitful."
RAINS OUT OF SEASON.
Considerable rain fell in August, 1873. Much hay and grain was destroyed. In Los Angeles, the rain fell for fourteen hours. It was called the " tail end " of the Sonora rains, as rain was falling in Mexico at that time. Summer rains are generally considered injurious.
DR. DIMMICK'S GARDEN.
The best test of the climate is to see what plants are in flower at the middle of the winter. The fol- lowing list was made January 1, 1882. The lot is in the open air, without wind-break or shelter of any
CONCLUDING SUBJECTS.
459
kind: Brugmantia Floribunda, cedrus librania, cork tree, meleanthus major (Cape of Good Hope), Bouvar- dia, bird of paradise (strelitza regina), variety of tuberoses, begonia, fuchsias in variety, including the perpetual blooms, salvia splendens, salvia patens, pa- per plant (siperus papyrus ), pelargoninms-many varieties, geraniums in variety, plumbago capensis, also sarpente, euphorbia splendens from Isle of France, jasminum grandiflora, jasminum revolutum, veronica Andersonii, abutillon in variety, English box, cigar plant, verbenas in variety, lebonia flori- bunda, hardenbergia, clerodendron fragrans, russel- lin juncea, diosma alba, statica sinuata, also Halfordii, cotyledon splendens, Chinese lilies in variety, oxalis in variety, cyclomen periscum, thirty-nine varieties of cactus, aloes socotrin, in full bloom, also aloes brachy- philla from Cape of Good Hope, slipelia in variety, quis quillis, a tea rose four inches in diameter, poin- settia pulcherina, heliotrope in variety. strawberries in fruit and flowers, justicia cornia, from Rio Janeiro, thirteen varieties of palm, six varieties of yucca, sago palm, cycas revolutu, jasminum mysorium, margarita daisy, ginger plant, tacsonia ignia, thirty varieties of ferns, violets, primrose polyanthia, loquot in fruit, sitchi Chinesee in fruit, eustard apple (the original in Packard's orchard), guava in fruit, bignonia venusta, bouganvillia glabra, etc.
Another garden showed the following flowers blooming in the open air, at New Years: Ageratum,. alyssum, calliopsis, datura, pinks, daisy, ice-plant. mignonette, pansy, petunia, phlox, portulaca, salvia, stock, vinca, verbena, nasturtion, primroses, helio- trope, abutilon, fuchsia, geranium, santana, tritoma, roses, Kenelworth ivy, plumbago, lemon verbena, cyclamen, tecoma, solanum, jassaminoides, pelargo- niums, acacia, lemon, marigold, coxcomb, canna, polygola, honeysuckle, Australian pea, feverfew, myr- tle, orange, wall flower, smilax, laurestina, mallalen- ca, habrothamnus, diosma alba, veronica, lebonia flor- ibunda, sweet violets, tree carnation, mahernia odor- ta, Australian ivy, without protection.
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