USA > California > Santa Barbara County > History of Santa Barbara county, California, with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 32
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"The District Attorney excepts to the Board's reviewing the action of the County Court in a case in which the Board is one of the parties to the suit (defendant), for the reasons, 1st, that the Board of Supervisors of this county is not an appellate court; 2d, that they have no jurisdiction to review the pro- ceedings of any court of record of this State; 3d, having had their day in court their only remedy is by appeal in case they think the County Court has . exceeded its jurisdiction in granting the aforesaid writ of certiorari, or in the judgment it has rendered on the hearing of the parties on the return of said writ."
The Board resolved to employ Albert Packard as counsel, to continue the contest and deprive Sturgeon of the office. The resolution was iu Spanish, and Sturgeon again excepted to the action of the Board, 1st, because the resolution was spread upon the records in Spanish; he also affirmed that the Dis- trict Attorney was the legal adviser of the Board, and that they had no right to employ any other counsel.
The bonds the District Attorney had filed, on assuming the duties of his office, were: Chas. E. Huse for $10,000; Thomas Denis, $1,000; Thomas Sprague, $2,000; Joaquin Carrillo, $5,000; R. B. Tib- betts, $1,000; and F. A. Thompson, $1,000.
The Board urged that as C. E. Huse was only assessed for $7,181, and that of this amount a house and lot assessed at $1,225 was a homestead and exempt from execution; that a mortgage to the · amount of $5,695 encumbered the balance; that a judgment of $463 rested against him, showing an excess of liens and exemptions on his property over the assessed value of $202, his bond for $10,000 was worthless. They also stated Thomas Denis was assessed for only $450, and that on a house and lot exempt by a recorded homestead; that Joaquin Car- rillo was assessed for the sum of $3,280, and that the property had a mortgage and other liens on it to the amount of $2,089; that Thomas Sprague was assessed for $4,044, and that a mortgage of $2,200 rested on that, and, furthermore, he was on another official bond for $2,000; that R. B. Tibbetts was assessed for $879, $121 less than for what he was on the bond; that F. A. Thompson was assessed at $700, and was on the bond for $1,000.
They unanimously agreed that the bonds were insufficient, and that a certified copy of notice to that effect be served forthwith on the District At- torney.
Supervisor Moore moved to expunge from the records all that portion that related to a review of the actions of the County Court, but the majority would
131
not aceede to it, wishing to remain on record as con- demning the whole system of official bonds.
Sturgeon remained District Attorney, the decision being in effect, that the securities were as good as when they were accepted and the Board could not go back on their work.
The Sheriff was ordered to file additional bonds for 85,000, on the ground that the sureties were not on the assessment roll for the amount of their bonds. his bondsmen being Angel Escandon, G. S. Gilbert, Thomas Denis, R. B. Tibbetts, R. Cohen, W. Burnett, Isaac Ysbell. The County Clerk, Chas. E. Huse, was also ordered to file additional bonds of $5,000. Subsequently the Board ordered Sturgeon to file 89,000 additional bonds before undertaking the collection of the delinquent taxes, which amounted to about $2.000.
In reviewing the action of the Board after a period of years sufficient to remove all prejudice in the matter, the conduct of the Board of the Super- visors shines brighter by contrast than that of the other officers. Either the property was assessed much below its eash value, which is probable, or the bonds of the officials were mere straw. The Super- visors were evidently on their honor as gentlemen and as citizens, and though they sometimes assumed an unnecessary dignity, they intended to obey the law and serve well their constituents. In the care- lessness of the county officials we may see something of the causes which, a few years earlier, plunged a county of only 400 voters into a debt of $24,000, without a hundred dollars of assets to show for it. As this was about the last Board with a majority of native citizens on it, they should receive due eredit for their endeavors to put the county affairs on a sound basis.
TAX RATES FOR 1867.
State tax on each $100, $1.13; General Fund, 80 cents; School, 35 cents; Hospital, 5 cents; Road, 5 cents; Interest and Sinking Fund, 70 cents; total. $3.08.
It will be seen that the schools were being eared for.
ELECTION OF 1867.
The accompanying table furnishes the first oppor- tunity of forming an idea of the comparative size of the towns. The total vote was bnt 624, though that is a considerable inerease on the former vote.
The vote in many instances was very even, so much so that several counts were required before the elections were determined; in several instances the mass of votes returned did not tally with the returns; in other instances the papers were not properly sealed, and sometimes appeared to have been opened, for which reasons the several candidates, or their friends, would make demands that such precincts be thrown out. The Board held, however, that where no fraud seemed to have been perpetrated, an irreg- ularity was not sufficient reason for rejecting any return.
RETURNS OF SEPTEMBER ELECTION, 1867, BY PRECINCTS.
CANDIDATES.
Santa Clara.
San Buenaventura.
La Cañada.
Carpenteria.
Santa Barbara.
La Patera.
Santa Ynez.
Los Alamos.
Total Vute.
Governor
19
28
26
140
16
36
301
5
31
15
150
29
24
14
309
County Clerk
F. A. Thompson
32
40
25
170
24
20
14
332
l'. Yndart
19
25
25
17
134
16
35
9
283
County Surveyor- W'm. Il. Norway.
11
34
40
10
143
26
27
14
305
E. Hadley .
15
24
99
32
156
11
26
14
34
I. E. Goux
11
27
26
124
18
Sheriff-
Arza Porter .. V. A. Covarrubias.
20
27
24
29
156
15
30
13
307
District Attorney-
4
30
35
13
147
23
29
14
295
I. F. Williams
21
2%
28
28
155
16
31
316
A. W. Furst .
2
15
18
12
123
13
S
5
166
A. Janssens
2º
44
46
29
175
26
52
18
412
M. G. Crawford.
2
5
5
10
132
14
23
191
A. B. Thompson
6
34
38
16
169
21
29
14
32
A. G. Es andron
20
97
26
26
79
17
9
230
Supervisor, 2d Township-
R. I. Hill
14
143
189
A. M. de la Guerra.
26
156
8
190
Supervisor, Ist Township-
7
33
39
78
18
25
24
: :
: :
:
67
6
31
40
19
147
25
10
304
R. S. 1. Sturgeon
W. A. Streeter
6
32
37
17
176
24
14
392
F. W. Frost ..
13
36
16
18
27
206
274
The reader will notice the election of T. R. Bard to the Board of Supervisors. His election marks an era in the character of the officers, and gave such men as Bard, Edwards, and Dibblee to the control of county affairs, men who were trained to business habits and who examined for themselves the official matters instead of turning them over to a commis- sion.
FRUIT FARMING TRIED.
S. G. Briggs, the famous Marysville orchardist, bought in 1862 a large traet of several thousand acres of land on the north side of the Santa Clara River, with the intention of supplying San Francisco and California generally with early fruit, judging that, being 300 miles south of San Francisco, where there was seareely any winter, he would be able to put fruit in the market mueh earlier than could be done from the northern part of the State. A thousand aeres, or more, were set out in fruit, for he does things by wholesale. After a trial of several years, he abandoned the design as a failure, finding that the country that had no winter had no summer either, that is, such a summer as is usual at Marys- ville. The thermometer rarely reached 80º, even in mid-summer. and so far as the fruit ripening an month earlier than at Marysville, it was quite a month later. He also complained of the cold winds which swept through the valley, and concluded that fruit farming could not be made a success. His orchard was suffered to be destroyed. Twenty years later the same ground is covered with fine orchards. The fruit, though not so early as at Marysville, is quite equal in flavor, and bids fair to become an extensive and remunerative industry. It will be treated more fully in a future chapter.
STATISTICS OF SANTA BARBARA.
II. II. Haight, D. Geo. C. Gorham, R
Thomas R. Bard Tadeo Sanchez.
132
HISTORY OF SANTA BARBARA COUNTY.
CHAPTER XXII.
AMERICAN OCCUPATION.
Immigration of Americans-A Newspaper Again-Politics in 1868-Election Returns for 1868-First Full Statement of County Finances-Grand Jury Report, June 1, 1868-Roads -Santa Ynez Turnpike Road-Tulare Turnpike Road Com- pany-Organization of Protestant Churches-The Congrega- · tional Church-The Episcopal Church-The Presbyterian Church-The M. E. Church in Ventura-The Congrega- tional Church in San Buenaventura-William H. Seward in Santa Barbara-Statistics from the Assessment Roll of 1870-71-Santa Barbara Press-Election of 1869-Judici- ary Election of 1869-Rates of Assessment-Bear Fight, in Which the Bear Got the Best of It, and Other Bears-Ir- regularities of Officers-Creation of Ventura County Agi- tated-Schools-Don Pablo de la Guerra.
THE great drought was considered an irreparable disaster. The loss of a quarter of a million head of stoek, the utter ruin of many families of wealth and distinction, and the apparent worthlessness of the land for agriculture, gave the drought the appear- ance of an unmitigated evil. To the families affected it was so undoubtedly; to the publie at large, a bless- ing in disguise. The plow will double, and, perhaps, quadruple the productive results of land over that of grazing it. Santa Barbara, with its two or three hundred families, when it was a grazing country, and when it was the home of ten times as many under the agricultural system, are quite different affairs. Then there was but one sehool, with seareely as many scholars as may now be found in any little valley. If some of the families were enabled to dis- pense a princely hospitality, now multitudes are the eenters of intelligence, refinement, and domestie vir- tues.
When it became known throughout the State that the great ranehos were being broken up, that the best of land was obtainable, in some instances, as low as twenty-five cents per aere, an immigration commenced that resulted in revolutionizing the whole industrial and social condition of society. The new- comers opened a variety of industries. Wheat, which before had only been raised in small quantities, and manufactured into an inferior flour for home con- sumption, was now raised for export. It was found that large tracts were, if properly cultivated, emi- nently adapted to its production. It is true that little inducement was found to raise it for exporta- tion, as there were no wharves from which it could be transferred to ships. It could be put on to shipping only by surf-boats, which were liable to be over- whelmed by the breakers. As the capacity of the soil for agriculture became known, wharves were projected, which eventually furnished praetieable shipping points for all who wished to engage in agriculture. Among the first to engage in it exten- sively was Dr. J. B. Shaw, on the Los Alamos, on a traet of ground that was considered worthless in early days for anything but grazing. Report says
that the yield was as high as 100 bushels to the acre. This is probably an exaggeration, but the yield was abundant, and demonstrated beyond a doubt the profits of wheat farming.
SANTA BARBARA WHARF.
This was construeted in the summer of 1868 by a company of citizens. Previous to this all freight was received from the ships a mile or two from the shore and transferred by surf-boats. If a sueeessful landing was made, the goods came ashore dry. Sometimes a huge roller would sweep over the boat and dreneh everything. It was complained that the mail-bags were frequently wet. Passengers were carried on the backs of sailors from the boat beyond the reach of the waves. Though the ticket for passage ineluded a landing, most of the passengers thought best to tip their earriers with a half-dollar, or a quarter, at least, as it was soon discovered that it had a tendency to prevent accidents. Many funny ineidents are related of some (Jews, of course), who would pay no extra, being dueked by a misstep as a huge wave would roll in. The sailors wading from the beach to the boat were wet any way, and cared nothing for the ducking. Dana relates that this style of embarking passengers was prevalent in 1840, and it seems that no better was discovered until a wharf was built. This only extended beyond the surf at ordinary tides or winds, and could only be approached by light- ers, a 100-ton vessel being the largest that could make fast to the wharf with safety. It was a great improvement on the old method, however, and marked an era in commercial affairs. This method was not without danger, for the surf would some- times break at the wharf where the passengers landed by means of stairs without railing. Sea-sick passengers would occasionally have difficulty in climb- ing them. One lady fell into the water and was resened with difficulty. Even as early as 1868 the towns along the coast began to compete for immigra- tion. A Los Angeles paper remarked that the pas- sengers for Santa Barbara were dumped into the sea and foreed to swim to the shore or drown. The newly-established Post indignantly denied the state- ment, and said no lady need wet the sole of her shoe; but added that that method of landing passen- gers was common at San Pedro and San Diego, however.
RATES OF WHARFAGE.
On all steamers or vessels belonging to the port, from ten to one hundred tons burden, per annum, $10.00; over one hundred tons, per annum, $50.00; other vessels of ten to twenty-five tons, per day, $3.00; of twenty-five to one hundred tons, per day, $5.00; on general merchandise, per ton, $1.00; lum- ber, per M., $1.00; shingles, per M., 15 cents; wool, per ton, $1.50; sheep and hogs, per head, 1 cent; cattle, per head, 25 eents; hides, each, 1 cent.
133
AMERICAN OCCUPATION.
A NEWSPAPER AGAIN.
With the coming of the Americans came the desire for a newspaper. The Post was started May 29, 1868, by Boust & Ferguson. The paper was of good size, well printed, and ably edited; professed to be neutral in politics, but would give the use of its columns to political articles not personal in their character. No. 2 contained an article on the per- sistent discouragement of American immigration by the old residents, by representing the land as utterly worthless for agriculture; that it only rained once in three or four years.
Reference was made to the Gazette ( Gaceta ), which had lingered out an existence of eleven years, be- tween being edited and printed in San Francisco and published in Santa Barbara. The Post knew too well the story of the failure of the Gazette to live through the loss of the good-will of some of the older families, but proposed to run a paper notwith- standing.
The Post took decided ground against the practice of assessing land at ten to twenty-five cents per acre, which could not be bought for less than fifty or one hundred times that sum, and thought the remedy might be found in compelling the Assessors to visit the land and appraise it themselves, instead of fur- nishing the owners with a blank sheet to make out their own appraisement.
POLITICS IN 1868.
With the coming of the newspaper, politics awoke to life, and the political machinery of public meetings, fiery orations, and torch-light processions was set in motion. A Republican meeting was held September 2, 1868, with the following officers :-
President, N. W. Winton; Vice-Presidents-Gen- eral Covarrubias, C. Fernald, Captain Harloe. E. Van Valkenberg, W. T. McElhaney, José de Alizalde, Arzı Porter, G. P. Tebbetts, Francisco Ayala, Captain Kimberly, J. H. Neal, José G. Moraga, Capt. J. Burke, Capt. A. B. Thompson, C. E. Huse, Juan Carrillo, C. A. Thompson, Francisco Leyba y Felix, Juan Rodriguez; Secretaries, Frank A. Thompson, E. B. Boust.
Colonel Stevens addressed the mecting; charged the Democracy with being responsible for the late Rebellion and the terrible consequences following it; thonght the Democracy had sunk itself so deep in infamy that should the angel Gabriel blow his horn, awakening the dead at the farthest corners of the earth to march into line; when the sun should be dimmed and the beauties of the moon would fade; when all nature would be convulsed with the awful solemnity of the moment, the Democratic party would be sunk so deep in its own mire and quick- sands as to be utterly unable to catch the faintest sound.
This oft-used sentiment, or hyperbole, or whatever it may be called, has not been improved upon since .-
It shows that the orators of that day were fully up to the average of the present age. The style reminds one of an old poem written by a crack-brained book- seller who flourished in the latter part of the last century. Whether rampant orators flourished then, or whether the words were prophetic, the reader must determine. He describes the machinery, in- vented by a wonderful mechanic, that-
"Struck out poems, editorials, and orations, Suitable for Fourth of July celebrations."
And again-
" He hammered out a lawyer's jaw-mill, Which went hy water like a saw-mill, With so much fire and fury It thunderstruck the Judge and jury."
F. M. Pixley then took the stand and gave a detailed account of the history of the parties from the beginning of the Rebellion, showing from the records the standing of each. Mr. Huse translated the substance into Spanish for the benefit of the natives. The audience was said to have been the largest that had ever assembled at Santa Barbara.
RETURNS OF GENERAL ELECTION FOR 1868.
CANDIDATES.
Santa Clara.
Santa Paula.
San Buenaventura.
La Cañada.
Carpenteria.
Santa Barbara.
La Patera,
Santa Ynez.
Total.
Elector ?-
10
54
53
8
21
230
39
14
428
O. L. Lagrange, R
10
54
53
8
21
230
39
14
429
D. B. Hoffman, R
10
54
53
8
91
230
39
14
428
Alfred Redington, R
10
54
53
8
21
230
33
14
428
Cha: les Westmoreland, R
10
54
53
00
21
230
39
14
429
Thomas J. Henley, D
99
22
34
19
21
149
22
6
30
W. T. Wallace, D.
29
22
34
19
21
149
22
6
301
A. B. Dibble, D
29
22
34
19
21
149
22
6
301
George Pierre, D.
29
22
34
19
21
149
22
6
301
Congressman -
10
54
51
8
21
229
13
422
S. B. Axtell, D
29
36
19
21
151
37 23
7
307
Supervisor, 31 Distriet-
17
17
Thomas B. Dibblee
3
3
Total Vote, 729.
This is nearly double what it was previous to the breaking up of the cattle ranches.
FIRST FULL STATEMENT OF COUNTY FINANCES.
The beneficial effect of having business men like Thomas R. Bard and Thomas B. Dibblee on the Board of Supervisors is shown in the fact that for the first time in the history of the county, a full statement of public finances was given for publica- tion :-
Statement of the existing debt of the , County of Santa Barbara, California, January 31, 1869, made and published in accordance with the provisions of Section 15 of an Act entitled " An Act to create a Board of Supervisors in the counties of this State, and to define their duties and powers." Approved March 20, 1855.
21
149
6
301
E. J. C. Kewen, D
99
34
19
Frank M. Pixley, R
S. D. Williams
John B. Felton, R
18
134
HISTORY OF SANTA BARBARA COUNTY.
Bonds of 1859 bearing 7% in- terest $16,500 00 Less coin on hand for redemp-
tion 2,500 00
$14,000 00
Bonds issued in 1864 bearing 7% interest. 19,900 00
Certificates of indebtedness of
1864, bearing 7% interest .. 1,605 52
$20,505 52
Less cash on hand to apply
2,300 00
18,205 52
Unpaid Warrants of 1864-65. 269 99
Cash on hand to apply 59 35
210 64
Unpaid warrants of 1865-66. 1,739 79
Cash on hand to apply 28 88
1,710 91
Unpaid warrants of 1866-67 . . 273 97
Cash on hand to apply 70 30
203 67
Unpaid warrants of 1867-68 ..
1,430 65
Cash on hand to apply 153 51
1,277 14
Warrants on Contingent Fund
uupaid
10 00
Less cash on hand to apply 1 12
8 88
Total unpaid warrants
3,411 24
Total indebtedness of county-
$35,616 76
Less cash balance in Hospital Fund $ 132 30
Less cash balance in General
Fund 1.951 69
2,083 99
Total indebtedness $33,532 77
The unpaid taxes amounted to quite a sum. Some of this might have been collected by proper efforts on the part of the several District Attorneys.
Unpaid taxes of 1862-63 $ 360 24
1863-64 347 51
1864-65 529 52
1865-66 2,219 55
1866-67 2,134 39
1867-68 2,605 69
Total $8,696 90
THE GRAND JURY REPORT JUNE 1, 1868.
Occasionally men got on the jury who were not satisfied with a merely formal observance of the law which made it their duty to examine official matters generally, but made a thorough search into all the financial matters especially. This jury reported in- debtedness as follows :-
Amount of Bonded Debt $16,500 00
Bonds issued in 1859 19,900 00
Certificates of 1864.
606 24
Total debt
$37,006 24
Outstanding warrants :-
On General Fund, 1864-5
369 99
1865-6
1,739 79
1866-7
273 97
¥
1867-8.
467 72
Hospital
100 00
$39,957 71
They report that they find a systematic fraud practiced in the City Government,; that the records are kept in Spanish; only one out of the five Trustees speaks English. They find that 7,000 acres of the public lands have been granted away within the last two years for less than $6,000; that these lands have not been granted for settlement or im- provement, but for speculation, and that some of the members of the Council are implicated. The Re- corder's books show conveyance to one man of 900 acres for $888, when lands of a similar class were selling at $6.00 per acre. Reported $2,490 in City Treasury.
The names of the Grand Jury who made this report were: F. Meninchaca, D. W. Thompson, Rafael Leyba, Anastacio Flores, Juan Gonzales, Chas. W. Shaw, Geo. S. Gilbert, E. B. Higgins, John A. Kuhlman, Tunis V. Hankinson, M. Striedl, Gus- tavus Staude, Wm. Benn, N. W. Winton, Foreman.
Benn and Shaw reported adversely as to city affairs, the former being a member of the Council. This report brought out a reply from Mr. Yndart, a member of the Council, who maintained that the land had not been sold for speculative purposes, but according to a well-settled axiom of American law, that the land should not be disposed of for revenue, but to furnish poor people with homes; that the land had been given to those who had resided on it long- est, in suitable tracts for cultivation. He stated that Mr. D. W. Thompson, who wrote out the report for the Grand Jury, had applied for 300 acres and received but ninety, and that much against his (Yndart's) will in the Council.
ROADS.
The road fund now amounted to a considerable sum, and in general was well disbursed. Road dis- tricts were formed and competent road-masters appointed. The natural face of the country, except
135
AMERICAN OCCUPATION.
when the mountainous ridges were to be crossed was favorable for road-building. One of the first essentials in a civilized country is free communica- tion, and as a result, cheap transportation. The failure of the scheme at an early day to build a good road through the county had not discouraged the enterprising part of the people. Private enterprises were undertaken. Among the most important of these was the
SANTA YNEZ TURNPIKE ROAD.
This was organized August 6, 1868, and officers elected as follows :-
President, Chas. Fernald; Secretary, Henry Carnes; Directors-Thomas Bell, of San Francisco; Dr. M. H. Biggs, Dr. S. B. Brinkerhoff, Charles Fernald, C. E. Huse, Dr. J. L. Ord, Eli Rundell, Dr. J. B. Shaw, and - Bixby, Monterey.
One year from that time the rates of toll were fixed: For one horse and vehicle, $1.00; for two horses and vehicle, $1.50; for four horses and vehicle, $2.50; horses and cattle, in herds or single, per head, 25 cents; sheep, 5 cents.
THE TULARE TURNPIKE ROAD COMPANY
Was organized December 15, 1868, by electing Charles Fernald President, C. E. Huse, Treasurer, and H Carnes, Secretary. The Havilah mines were now attracting considerable attention, and Santa Barbara people thought that an outlet to the sea by way of their port would be desirable. In February, 1869, a a party was sent to make a reconnoissance of a route, another party from Tulare agreeing to meet them at an intermediate point. It was probably the first visit of the explorers to the mountains in the north part of the county, and they got lost in a dense fog in the ranges of mountains, and did not connect with the other party.
The project was not dropped, however. May 31, 1869, a large meeting was held to consider the sub- ject. The names of the officers and speakers at the meeting are given to show who were enterprising enough to consider the building of a road, for, though the road was never built, we shall see that the pro- jectors were the future leaders in other projects which did succeed.
J. A. Johnson, Chairman; Vice-presidents-Dr. J. B. Shaw, Dr. M. H. Biggs, T. B. Dibblee, J. F. Maguire, Antonio de la Guerra, Charles E. Huse, U. Yndart, F. W. Frost, Chas. Pierce, Capt. W. E. Greenwell, Dr. S. B. Brinkerhoff, Geo. P. Tebbitts, O. L. Abbott, Dr. J. L. Ord. Eli Rundell, W. T. Wil- liams; Secretaries, J. T. Richards, C. A. Thompson, E. B. Boust.
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