USA > California > Santa Barbara County > History of Santa Barbara county, California, with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 28
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apprehended. He confessed his connection with Flores' band, and gave the names of several who belonged to it. He was taken to Los Angeles and hung on Fort Hill, with others of the gang. In this case, as in the Las Cruces' affair, the native Califor- nians co-operated with the Americans in exterminating the bands of murderers, thus helping to secure pro- tection for life and property and bring about a good feeling between the different races.
THE END OF THE " GAZETTE."
The editors had taken an independent and fearless course, denouncing crime and lawlessness, and read- ing the people many sermons on the necessities of improvements, perhaps not always in prudent lan- guage. It had made enemies by its disrespectful manner towards the Catholics; it had alienated the good-will of some of the powerful families by its denun- ciations of some of the county officers. The editorials were generally vigorous and well written, and the proprietors thought they were doing the community a benefit by their independent and fearless course. The following, published in November, 1856, will show the status of the paper :-
" The Gazette congratulates itself upon its success. It did not start with any expectations of getting rich, and have not been seriously disappointed; they have not chronicled all the improvements on State Street, as here everybody knew it, and away people cared little about it. Property in the county had appreciated at least fifteen per cent. during the year, and there was a steady growth of the population. Occasionally crimes were committed, but the arrested criminals quietly broke jail and left, giving the county no more trouble. The proprietors had not had a party of men, or even individuals, wait upon them to extinguish their editorial career, by shooting or otherwise, nor had they been called upon to do any shooting, for all of which they were truly grateful."
The Gazette might have continued to live and pub- lish its criticisms on Santa Barbara, but the threat of one of the hereditary magnates of Santa Barbara that he would crush the paper had a meaning. Most of the means for keeping up the sheet came from the legal advertising. During the session of 1856-57 the Legislature passed a bill authorizing the county officers to publish legal notices by posting written copies in several places throughout the county. This was the death blow to the paper. It was sold to two Spaniards, who removed it to San Francisco, con- verting it into a Spanish paper, with locals from the southern towns to give it interest. It is believed that no file of it was ever preserved. Some years since the private papers of the editor. with odd numbers of the Gaceta, were destroyed as useless by the priest, who attended the man in his last hours.
113
SANTA BARBARA WITHOUT A PAPER.
CHAPTER XX.
SANTA BARBARA WITHOUT A PAPER.
Tax Rates in 1857-Officers Elected in 1837-Trouble with the County Treasurer-Officers Elected in 1858-The Treas- urer Again-County Officers Elected in 1850-San Marcos Road-From the Assessment Roll of 1857-School Districts in 1857-Sinking Fand-Tax Rates for 1858-Hon. Charles Fernald-Dignity of the Supervisors-Alpheus B. Thomp- son-Election Returns for 1860-Streets in San Buenaven- tura-Tax Rates for 1861-County Road-Election of 1861 -Contested Election-Tax Rates for 1862-High Tide of Prosperity-Statistics from the Census Returns for 1860- Season of 1861-62-The Matanza-Thomas W. Moore.
THOSE who think a newspaper serves a town much as the brain serves the body, that is, keeps it alive and moving, are often astonished to see things go on in the even tenor of their way after the loss of the newspaper. Santa Barbara survived the loss, per- haps, because it was then in that torpid condition that not much nerve force was necessary to keep its internal arrangements up to the slight movements required. The Board of Supervisors proceeded to appoint three places in each township, where legal notices should be posted, presumably selecting the most public places, viz .: In San Buenaventura, Town- ship No. 1, the houses of Ysidro Obiol's, Ramon brothers, and Pacifico Sanchez. In Township No. 2, the City Hall, Court House, and Orena's billiard saloon. In Township No. 3, residence of Augustin Janssens, corridor of the mission buildings at Santa Ynez, and the residence of the Yndart brothers, on the Nojaqui Ranch.
Some irregularities of the Justices of the Peace becoming known, several of them were ordered to attend the sessions of the Board of Supervisors with their dockets for inspection. The Clerk of the Board was authorized to consult C. E. Huse regarding the dockets.
TAX RATES FOR 1857
Were fixed as follows :-
State tax
on each $100
70 cts.
General Fund
35
Jail =
10
School
Sinking
66
40
=
Total
$1 62}
August 3d the Board consisted of Antonio Ma. de la Guerra, Rafael Gonzales, and Gaspar Oreña. The report of the County Treasurer was referred to the District Attorney, as were the accounts of Juan Leyba, Russel Heath, and de la Palma y Mesa. The District Attorney reported favorably on the Treas- urer's report, which was ordered to be published by being posted in nine different places, according to law.
At this time the Board was purchasing outstand- ing warrants at a discount of thirty per cent. Gero-
nimo Gaucheron sold upwards of $300 to the county at this rate.
OFFICERS ELECTED IN 1857.
Sheriff, Joaquin de la Guerra; Clerk, George P. Fisher; Surveyor, E. Nidever; Treasurer, Raymundo Carrillo; Coroner, James L. Ord; District Attorney, R. G. Glenn; Assessor, Miguel Smith; Superintendent Public Instruction, John L. Smith; Public Adminis- trator, L. T. Burton; Supervisors, Ysidor Obiols, Antonio Ma. de la Guerra, Francisco Alisalde.
Romualdo Pacheco was elected State Senator from Second District, including Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo.
SEPTEMBER 22d.
The following vacancies were filled by appoint- ment: W. A. Streeter, Coroner; C. E. Huse, District Attorney; A. F. Hinchman, Superintendent Schools.
TROUBLE WITH THE COUNTY TREASURER.
SEPTEMBER 29, 1857.
There was in the treasury $8,724.77}, the largest sum ever known. The Supervisors took the matter under consideration, and fixed the Treasurer's bonds at 820,000. Charles Husc, Pablo de la Guerra, and R. Heath were appointed a Commission to take charge of the books and papers in the office of the County Clerk. There is no note how the office came to be vacant. The order to have the Commis- sion take charge of the office was in Spanish, and gave no reason for the change. It will be remem- bered that Fisher was one of the parties indicted by the Grand Jury for conspiracy to defraud the treasury.
NOVEMBER 2d.
The District Attorney was requested to examine the Auditor's books for the current fiscal year, although it is difficult to perceive the legality of the order. A portion of the time, after Geo. D. Fisher ceased to be County Clerk, the records are in Span- ish, some of the Board acting as Clerk. Fisher pre- sented bills to the amount of $433.77 for services, which were rejected. He was out of luck with the Board.
FROM THE ASSESSMENT ROLL OF 1857,
Showing the rates at which land was assessed :-
ACRES.
VALUE.
Arrellanes, Luis, ¿ Punta Laguna ..
6,000
$3,500
Teodoro, ¿ Guadalupe .. 6,000
¿ Punta Laguna
6,000
3,500
Total
89,125
Ayala, Crisogono, ¿ Santa Ana Total
13,750
3,000
7,179
Biggs, M. H., Rincon
4,000
2,000
Burton, Luis T., Jesus Maria
44,000
6,000
Total assessment
25,345
Camarillo, Juan, Ojai
17,760
7,200
66 Anastacio, el Cojo
8,880
4,000
13,500
6,500
Carrillo, José Antonio, } Lompoc 16 Manuella (heirs of ) } "
6,000
4,500
8,000
114
HISTORY OF SANTA BARBARA COUNTY.
ACRES. VALUE.
ACRES.
VALUE.
Pico, Andres, ¿ Lompoc
6,000 3,000
4,000
750
+ Jonata
6,000
1,500
Cordero, Miguel (heirs of ) } Las Cruces
4,000
750
Ynez
1,500
500
Cota, Francisco (heirs of ) } Santa Rosa
8,670
2,500
" Madalina (widow), } Refugio __
13,000
2,500
Den, N. A., Trustee } Dos Pueblos
16,000
8,000
Rodriguez, Ygnacio (heirs of )Conejo
10,000
2,500
for wife and children } } San Marcos
17,000
2,500
Ruiz, Mona (widow), ¿ Calleguas ... Ruiz, José Pedro (heirs of), } Cal- leguas
2,000
1,000
Total for College Ranch
22,750
Sanchez, Juan, ¿ Santa Clara
6,000
3,000
Den, R. S., 1 San Marcos.
17,000
2,500
Shaw, James B. (agent) Island Santa Cruz
40,000
10,000
bara
6,000
3,000
Total assessment.
29,965
Total assessment.
13,400
Estrado, José Antonio, Las Flores
4,440
1,000
Foxen, Benjamin, Tiniquaic
8,880
1,900
Gonzales, Leandro, } Santa Clara
2,000 1,000
Rafael 1
2,000 1,000
Guerra, José de la, Conejo
10,000
2,500
66
Simi*
40,000
14,000
66
66
Las Posas
15,000
5,200
66 San Julian
32,000
8,000
Total
131,950
Gutierrez, Octaviano, Laguna
13,000
3,000
Hartnell, W. E. P. (heirs of), Todos Santos.
20,000
5,000
Hill, Daniel A., Goleta & Patera Total assessment.
6,000
4,000
18,400
Halleck, Peachy and Billings, Tequepis
4,000
900
Yndart, José Maria, Alisal
6,000
2,000
Janssens, Augustin, Purificacion
12,000
2,000
Jones, Manuela, 1 Santa Rosa
15,000
500
Kays, John, Salsipuides
6,000
2,000
Lataillade, Cesario, Cuyama
30,000
3,000
Lorenzana, Felipe, ¿ San Miguel or Casitas
4,340
2,500
Malo. Ramon T., Purissima and Santa Rita
20,000
5,000
Maitorena, Ysabel, Laguna
8,670
2,000
Moraga, Joaquina (widow), Cañada Larga
6,000
1,500
More, T. Wallace, San Cayetano. Total
26,000
10,000
33,350
Olivas Raymundo, } San Miguel de Cassitas
4,340
2,500
Tota
13,237
Olivera, Antonio Maria, Casmali
4,340
900
Olivera, Diego, } Guadalupe
8,000
Oreña Gaspar, Verdernalis Total
9,000
2,000
17,500
Ormas, Joaquin, } Santa Clara
2,000
1,000
Ortega, Antonio Wm., } Refugio
13,000
2,500
Ortega, Ygnacio, Cañada de Corral.
8,000
2,000
Palmer, Joseph, Į Jonata
12,000
3,000
1 Mission St. Ynez.
1,500
500
66
ex-Mission Santa
Poli, Manuel R. de, ex-Mission of San Buenaventura
43,000
9,000
Robbins, Encarnacion, Positas 4,000
2,000
1,000
Total assessment
29,770
Den, N. A., (agent) College Ranch 3,200
8,000
Thompson, A. B. (Guardian)
Island Santa Rosa.
15,000
5,000
Total assessment
22,000
Unknown owners, Sisquock
34,000
3,400
Santa Paula
16,000
12,000
Tequepis
4,000
800
San Pedro
4,640
2,000
Valencia, Miguel, Nojaqui
4,340
1,500
SCHOOL DISTRICTS IN 1857.
From being one school district, Santa Barbara County now contained four. This was thought at the time to be munificent, extravagant even. The question then as now, and in all time, was, What good does education do? Will it enable a man to herd cattle, ride a horse, or throw a lariat any better. If answered in the negative, then of what use are schools. To induce men to try to live without work; to obtain an office at the county seat; to make him worthless for business. Such were the reasons urged twenty-five years since. When one sees the school houses at Ventura, at Santa Barbara, and in all the little towns, and even in the canons and other places considered worthless thirty years since, and considers the higher plane on which life exists now than then, he may well point to the school house as the agent which has had much to do with the improved condi- tion of the people. .
District No. 1 included all the land between the Los Angeles line and the Rincon Ranch, extending back to Kern County, including all that is now the county of Ventura, or upwards of 1,500 square miles. Though one-half this is under the domain of the shepherd, yet a dozen or more school houses send out a throng of happy children, more numerous that the one school a quarter of a century since.
District No. 2 extended from the Rincon to Nopal Street, Santa Barbara. This included Carpenteria, Montecito, and what is called the Estero, now con- taining more population than the whole county at that time.
District No. 3, from Nopal Street to the Cañada del Corral, near the Gaviota Pass, included all of Santa Barbara City, on the west side of the Estero,
"The Simi contained 96,000 acres.
1,500
ex-Mission Santa Bar-
Cordero, Maria Antonia, (widow) } Las Cruces
115
SANTA BARBARA WITHOUT A PAPER.
and the thriving towns of Goleta or Patera, Dos Pueblos, etc.
District No. 4, from the Cañada del Corral to the western line of the county. is about the territory of the proposed new county of Santa Maria, including the growing towns of Lompoe, Guadalupe, Santa Maria, Los Alimos, and many smaller places. What a change! Not only were the districts large, but the schools, in many instances, were but apologies or miserable substitutes for the institutions of the pres- ent. The pupils were so scattered that the bill for making the school census was nearly one dollar per scholar, a sum that would, in a well-regulated and settled community, go far towards maintaining a school.
SINKING FUND.
This began to accumulate, and in accordance with law the proposals were invited for the surrender of warrants. On the 9th of November, 1857, G. Gau- cheron proposed to surrender twenty-two warrants on the general fund, amounting to 81,777.32, for a discount of thirty per cent., or for $1,244.13, which proposition was accepted. A year later warrants were purchased at a still lower rate.
TREASURER'S ACCOUNTS.
The subject was a frequent source of official inves- tigation. The system of accounts was not only obscure but imperfect. It is said that the only true condition of the funds was obtainable by estimating the amounts on the stubs of the warrants. Novem- ber 18, 1857, C. E. Huse and Isidro Obiols were appointed a commission to examine the books of the Treasurer, with authority to demand all papers con- nected with the matter. The Treasurer was notified that on the first day of the regular term, the Super- visors would count the money in the treasury. The following order was also made, viz .: "It appearing that the accounts of the Treasurer and Auditor do not agree, ordered that those officers be instructed to compare books and accounts, and investigate the cause of the difference."
OFFICERS ELECTED IN 1858.
Assemblyman, Eugene Lies; County Clerk, C. E. Cook; District Attorney, Albert Packard; County Assessor, Antonio Arrellanes; County Treasurer, Isaac J. Sparks; Coroner, James L. Ord; Public Administrator, Thomas Dennis; Superintendent ot Schools, A. F. Hinchman. Whole number of votes cast, 319.
THE TREASURER AGAIN.
SEPTEMBER 20, 1858.
An extraordinary meeting of the Supervisors * was called to consider the condition of the treasury. C. E. Huse was appointed Commissioner to make an examination and see if each fund had the amount of money that was due. The Treasurer was ordered to produce books and papers.
OCTOBER 2d.
"Ordered that Charles E. Huse, the Commissioner appointed to examine and arrange the accounts of the late Treasurer, sign his name under each of the balances struck by him, and make a general stato- ment in the books of the respective balances in each fund, and separate the funds so as to conform to the existing law; and that the present Treasurer con- tinue to keep his accounts in the same books, follow- ing the signature of the Commissioner."
NOVEMBER 1st. New Board: Antonio Maria de la Guerra, Felipe Puig, Angel Escandon.
NOVEMBER 3d.
The Board and Auditor and District Attorney met at the office of the Treasurer and examined the books. Ordered that the ledger, cash book, journal, and license book be turned over to the Auditor, the Treasurer taking a receipt for them. The Treasurer was authorized to get new books in which to keep the accounts.
1859.
Tax rates as follows :- On caeh $100 for-
State Fund $ .60
General Fund .30
Jail Fund. .20
School Fund. .10
Sinking Fund .32}
Hospital Fund .06
Road Tax
.03
Total. $1.62}
The total vote for Governor was 462, of which Milton S. Latham received 431 and Leland Stanford, 31. The balance of the State ticket varied from 441 to 425 Democratic to 19 to 40 Republican. For a Convention, 401; against 13; for a Territory, 395 against 51.
COUNTY OFFICERS ELECTED IN 1859.
Member of Assembly, José Antonio Covarrubias, the opposing candidate being J. F. Maguire; Dis- trict Attorney, Russel Heath; County Clerk, Charles E. Cook; Sheriff, Albert A. Chateneuf; Treasurer, Victor Mondran; Coroner, Gustavus Millhouse; Assessor, Wm. Carrillo; Surveyor, E. Nidever; Super- intendent of Schools, J. F. Maguire.
Supervisors-First District, José de Arnaz; Second District, Antonio Maria de la Guerra; Third District, Francisco Puig.
At this election the islands were made a preeinct.
The Sheriff failing to qualify, Thomas Dennis was appointed to fill the vacaney.
James Lord was appointed Superintendent of Pub- lie Instruction for the same reason.
TAX RATES FOR 1860.
On each $100 for-
8 .60
State Purposes
Jail Fund. .20
School Fund .10
Sinking Fund .33
Hospital Fund .08
Road Fund .03
Funded Debt .20
General Fund
.33
Total $1 87
* Isaac J. Sparks resigned August Ist.
116
HISTORY OF SANTA BARBARA COUNTY. ·
SAN MARCOS ROAD.
S. B. Brinkerhoff made application to the Board of Supervisors for a franchise to construct a toll-road over the San Marcos Pass, which the Board granted with the following conditions: that the road should be commenced within ten months from date; that no obstruction should be caused to any other road; that the road should be completed in three years. The franchise was to run twenty-five years.
As the Sinking Fund accumulated, bids were made by the holders of warrants for redemption. The price was generally below seventy-five per cent. A day was set to hear proposals for surrendering the warrants.
TAX RATES FOR 1858.
On each $100 for-
State Purposes $ .70
General Fund. .30
Jail Fund .10
School Fund .10
Sinking Fund .32}
Total $1.52}
A road tax of $2.00 was levied on each man between twenty and fifty.
It was also ordered that one-sixth part of all taxes raised be set apart as a hospital fund.
DIGNITY OF THE SUPERVISORS.
The members evidently felt the importance and responsibility of the duties involved in the office, and had a good appreciation. of the dignity pertaining to their position. "Ordered that the Assessor attend the Board until the business of examining the assess- ment roll is completed." The Assessor, not comply- ing with the order, was fined twenty dollars. The Sheriff was considered an appendage to the Board, and for lacking in constant attention was fined, though the dignity of the body having been asserted, the fine was subsequently remitted. About the time of the building of the county roads, a livery stable was opened in Santa Barbara. Among other articles of luxury and elegance, was a double-seated thorough- braced wagon. This was considered particularly appropriate for a body of men acting as a committee of examination to travel in, and accordingly the order was often entered: "James Tompson will put his stage and team at the disposal of the Road Commis- sioners." These were amusing though harmless peculiarities, and were, perhaps, relics of Castilian dignity; but with these traits was also that high sense of honor, which never, as in modern times, in- duced or allowed a Supervisor to make money out of a public contract, for no Board of that day was ever suspected of being peculiarly interested in the public works under its control.
They were also very watchful as to useless expend- itures. The Sheriff, Thomas Denis, having made some repairs in his office without orders from them, they caused the following protest to be spread on the records :-
" WHEREAS the undersigned, the Board of Supervi- sors, see that the Sheriff of the County, is making, without our knowledge, great alterations in the Court House, there being no necessity for the same, and by such alteration incurring great expenses, we deem it our duty to protest against the same, and we do hereby protest that such alterations are unneces- sary and uncalled for, and, by virtue of this protest, we do not consider the County liable for such expense.
Signed,
MARIA ANTONIO DE LA GUERRA, FELIPE PUIG, JOSE ARNAZ.
They also ordered the Sheriff to sell at auction the two large chairs in his office. When the Sheriff pre- sented his account, "lumped together," it was referred back for specifications. When the amended bill was returned, the items for the repairs of the office-room were rejected.
JANUARY 26, 1861.
The Supervisors relented and ordered the Sheriff to complete the repairs and put the Court House in good condition.
THE TREASURER UNDER ORDERS.
The Road Fund seems to have been used by the Treasurer as a contingent or general fund, at least to some extent. The Supervisors about this time made an order that the Treasurer should replace what he had taken out, less the express charges and his com- missions. They showed no favor even to Carrillo.
MARCH 4, 1861.
The report of the Treasurer being received, and found to be incorrect, a discrepancy of $2,000 appear- ing, it was referred back for amendment.
NO FAVOR TO THEMSELVES.
It would seem that through some laxity of their own, the county became involved in a legal difficulty with a neighboring county, in which the assistance of an attorney was required to extricate themselves or the county from the trouble. The Attorney, Judge Fernald, charged $150 for legal service. When the appropriation was made, they ordered that the same sum be deducted from their salaries. On a reconsideration of the matter, they concluded that the Treasurer and District Attorney was also involved in the transaction. They then made them partners in the loss, and resolved that each of the officers concerned should be mulcted to the extent of $30.
ALPHEUS B. THOMPSON.
As the name of Thompson will frequently appear in the history, an account of the first of the name in Santa Barbara will be of interest. Alpheus B. Thompson was a native of Topsham, Maine, and was of an extensive and respectable family, whose mem- bers had been connected with almost every public enterprise in that part of the State. Having a good education and a general knowledge of the world, he, like most enterprising young men of Maine, resolved to spend some years in travel before settling down to the stern realities of New England life; but the
117
SANTA BARBARA WITHOUT A PAPER.
opportunities he saw for trade, and other sources of prosperity, never permitted him to return and spend his days among the granite-ribbed, frost-bound hills of his native State. Early in life he made a voyage to China, and thence to Honolulu. Here he con- ceived the idea of a fur trade between the Northwest Coast and China, which he immediately proceeded to put into operation, shipping the furs to Canton, and taking Chinese and other goods from thence to the coast of Mexico and the South American States. Ile then learned the value of the trade in hides and tallow, which formed the staple export of the cattle- raising provinces, and began to include that trade in his cycle of exchanges. What a combination of in- terests were connected with his trade; teas and silks from China, furs from Russian America, hides and tallow from Santa Barbara, and calicoes, clocks, and hardware from Boston. He visited Santa Barbara as early as 1829, but though he duly appreciated its climate, soil, and other advantages, it was not until 1835 that he shaped his affairs so that he could make a permanent residence here. He married a daughter of Don Carlos Carrillo, one of the most prominent men in California, John C. Jones, U. S. Consul to Honolulu, marrying a sister at the same time. The two brides were dowered with the Santa Rosa island, a tract of land containing more than one hundred square miles, more than half of which was susceptible of cultivation, and nearly all suitable for grazing. The two, Thompson and Jones, immedi- ately stocked it with cattle and sheep, and in a few years were receiving a princely revenue from the sales, amounting in some years to $100,000. As many as 60,000 sheep have been carried, on the island. He died in 1869, on the 29th of February, leaving a fam- ily of six children, three sons and three daughters, whose names will appear in these pages, as the his- tory progresses to its close.
ELECTION RETURNS FOR 1860.
The split in the Democratic party on the slavery question extended to Santa Barbara. It will be seen that each party felt the necessity of putting a native Californian on their ticket; so that the general result was not materially affected.
The electoral ticket was as follows :-
Douglas Democrat - Humphrey Griffiths, 305; Richard Hammond, 305; Pablo de la Guerra, 302; Geo. T. Price, 305.
Breckinridge Democrat - Vincent Geiger, 122; Antonio F. Coronel, 122; Zach Montgomery, 122; A. P. Dudley, 122.
Republican-Antonio Maria Pico, 45; C. A. Mark- ham, 46; W. H. Weeks, 46; C. A. Tuttle, 46.
For a Constitutional Convention, 382; against, 23; for paying the debt, 311; against, 40.
Officers elected: Sheriff, Thomas Dennis. Assess- ors-First District, Victor Ustusaustegui; Second District, Guillermo Carrillo; Third District, Ygnacio
Ortega. Superintendent of Schools, John Clar; County Surveyor. D. W. ap Jones.
STREETS IN SAN BUENAVENTURA.
The then little burg began to be anxious to have streets laid out regularly, though some were bitterly opposed to it. The town was, perhaps, not quite so irregular in its outline, but, like Santa Barbara, seemed an ontgrowth from the cluster of buildings first erected, the buildings lying scattered around in all positions and all stages of growth, backs, sides, and fronts connubiating in a social way. The gar- den or square seemed to be in the way of laying out a town. Many were in favor of laying out a street in front of the mission, segregating it from the orchard, the matter being the subject of many peti- tions and protests. The street party won the day. and to that decision the town owes its fine main street, which became the starting or base line for the plan which left it to grow into a beautiful vil- lage.
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