USA > Kentucky > Collins historical sketches of Kentucky. History of Kentucky: Vol. I > Part 27
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July 3-Short engagement at Columbia, Adair co .; loss small ; Morgan's cavalry drive Federal troops into and through the town.
July4-Desperate engagement at Tebbs' Bend of Green river, in Taylor co. Col. O. H. Moore, with 200 of the 25th Michigan infantry had selected a strong natural for- tification, and spent the night before in intrenching. When summoned to sur- render, he declined because the 4th of July was not an appropriate day for sur- renders. 600 of Morgan's cavalry on foot, parts of 3 regiments, 8 times most gallantly attacked the Federals in front, determined to carry the works by storm ; but it was the march of death, more terri- bly destructive at each fresh advance. Federal loss 6 killed, 23 wounded, and 1 prisoner ; Confederate loss 36 killed, 46 wounded-among the killed some most daring and valuable officers : Col. Chen- ault, Maj. Tho. Y. Brent, Capt. Tribble, Lieuts. Cowan, Holloway and Ferguson. [Col. Moore proved as humane to the Con- federate wounded and dead who were left in charge of surgeons and chaplains, as he had been skillful and brave in fighting them. They erred, indeed. who supposed him not as gallant in war as he was extrava- gantly polite in his appeal to the Louis- ville editors.]
July 5-Desperate engagement at Leba- non, Marion co. Lieut. Col. Chas. S. Hanson, with 300 20th Ky. infantry, fighting from the railroad depot and other houses, bravely defends the town for 7 hours, until Morgan's Confederate cavalry, on foot, set fire to the depot and take it by assault. Federal loss 5 killed and sev- eral wounded ; Confederate loss 25 killed and 13 wounded, including several brave officers. A large quantity of rifles, am- munition and medicines were captured, and $100,000 of U. S. military stores des- troyed.
July 5-Maj. Gen. Hartsuff, headquar- ters of 23d army corps at Lexington, in " general order No. 8" says : " For every Union citizen, non-combatant, injured in their person, five rebel sympathizers will be arrested and punished accordingly ; and for injuries done to the property of Union citizens, ample remuneration will be levied upon rebel sympathizers."
July 5-Capt Robert H. Earnest, of the 26th Ky., routs a small confederate force, at Woodburn, Warren co.
July 5-Engagement, lasting 20 hours, at Bardstown, between 26 Federals, in a stable, and 45 Confederates outside ; the former holding out until they saw Mor- gan's artillery coming.
July 6-The Federal captains in prison at Richmond, Va., draw lots for two to be shot-in retaliation for the shooting of Capts. Corbin and McGraw, as spies, at
Johnson's Island, on May 15, by order of Gen. Burnside. Capts. John Flinn, 15th Indiana, and H. W. Sawyer, Ist New Jer- sey cavalry, selected.
July 6-Gen. John H. Morgan, who crossed the Cumberland river, July 2, with two brigades of 1,460 and 1,000 men- now reduced, by battles and detachments for special service, to less than 2,000- leaves Bardstown for Indiana and Ohio, a route looked forward to for months as his favorite piece of " cavalry strategy." 7th-at Garnettsville, Meade co. 8th-at Brandenburg, Meade co., 40 miles below Louisville, and where a detachment under - Capts. Sam. Taylor and Clay Meriwether had already captured the steamers J. T. McCombs and Alice Dean for ferrying- and where another small detachment under the daring Capt. Thos. Henry Hines was awaiting him, after a quiet scout of 80 miles over into Indiana as far north as Seymour-Morgan crosses his entire force into Indiana, near Mauckport, although resisted by a considerable force of militia on the bank and a tin-clad gunboat in the river above. 9th-Passes through Cory- don and Palmyra, Harrison co .; at Cory- don, after a sharp skirmish, captures 500 militia and scatters more. 10th-Near Salem, Washington co., Morgan's advance of 13 men dashes into 150 militia, driving them frightened back into the town, whence, with some 200 more, they were quickly scattered ; burns the depot, and several bridges on both the Ohio and Mis- sissippi, and the New Albany and Salem railroads, and tears up the track-the soldiers pillaging, at times most unneces- sarily and outrageously, as they go ; levies $1,000 redemption-money upon each owner to prevent the burning of his mill; at nightfall, reaches Vienna, Scott co., on the Jeffersonville and Indianapolis rail- road ; captures the telegraph operator and office, and substitutes Ellsworth (who soon advises him of the slow-coach orders to the militia to fell timber and obstruct the roads he would probably travel); travels 6 miles further, and encamps near Lexington ; a party of Federal cavalry enters the town, advancing as far as the very house in which Gen. Morgan was sleeping, but retired as suddenly and qui- etly as they had come.
July 8-Great alarm in Louisville, caused by the approach of Gen. John H. Morgan's Confederate cavalry. The city council orders "the enrollment of all males between 18 and 45 into companies for service, if required, and all refusing to be enrolled shall be sent to the North.' Nearly 5,000 are enrolled and actively drilling.
July -Two skirmishes near West Lib- erty, between the 10th Ky. cavalry and guerrillas.
July 8-The U. S. war department hav- ing ordered the enrollment of the free negroes in Ky., under the recent conserip- tion act of congress, the Ky. state authori- ties remonstrate against it most explicitly
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and urgently ; and the order is practically suspended.
July 9-The archives of Ky., about four wagon loads in all, sent from Frank- fort to Covington for safe-keeping.
July 11-At Lexington, Scott co., Indi- ana, Col. D. Howard Sinith, with a portion of his regiment, is detached for a feint against Madison, to prevent attack from that direction ; while Gen. Morgan with his Confederate cavalry moves on through Paris, and comes in sight of Vernon, both in Jennings co. Too prudent to attack the strong force at Vernon, he demands a surrender, generously allows the two hours asked for in which to remove the non-combatants, leaves a party of skir- mishers, but moves forward with his main column, Col. Smith having rejoined him ; encamps at midnight, and moves on again at 3 A. M .- averaging, for many days, 21 hours in the saddle. Capt. Patton's com- pany, 3d Indiana cavalry, at Providence, Ind., defeats a small detachment of Col. Duke's Confederate cavalry, killing 2, wounding 3, and capturing Lient. John H. Hines and 18 others. On Saturday night, 11th, about 100 of Morgan's cavalry attempt to cross the Ohio river at Twelve- mile island, above Louisville on a wood- boat ; but the gunboat Moose comes up and shells the island, and Gen. Manson with a large force on ten steamboats, ar- rives in time to capture many of them. 12th-The main body passes early through Dupont, Jefferson co., where, from a pork- house, many of the men select a ham each, and sling it to their saddles, help- ing themselves to other forage and pro- visions as needed ; at nearly every point militia are posted, in large numbers, who are dispersed by maneuvering, but, if in strong positions, await a bold dash before giving way. [The immense numbers of people, and great abundance of provisions and other comforts of life, astonish these visitors from the exhausted fields and scattered populations of two-years' con- stant war.] Col. Grigsby, with his regi- ment, dashes intc Versailles, Ripley co., scatters several hundred militia, captures their horses, and burns some railroad bridges near. At Sunmans, in the same county, on the Indianapolis and Cincin- nati railroad, Col. Gavin's Decatur co. reg- iment report that they got into a skirmish with Duke's cavalry, and drove them off ; whereas Duke reports that 2,500 militia lay there loaded into box cars, and moved off towards Cincinnati in the morning, uncon- scious of the Confederates' presence. In- tense alarm all through middle and south- ern Indiana and Ohio. Brig. Gens. Edward H. Hobson, and Jas. M. Shackleford, and Col. Frank Wolford, with the 1st, 3d, 8th, 9th, 11th, and 12th Ky. cavalry and per- haps other Federal troops, are following close after Morgan, but do not seem to gain much on his extraordinary traveling- speed and endurance. 13th-Morgan's main column reaches Harrison, Hamilton co., Ohio, about noon ; thence the detach-
ments move eastward through New Haven and Venice, through Miamitown, over the New Baltimore bridge, through Glen- dale, within 10 to 13 miles north of Cin- cinnati, past Camp Dennison, in Hamil- ton co., on through Loveland and Batavia in Clermont co., reaching Williamsburg at 4 p. M., July 14th. The march around Cincinnati is made during a very dark night, and for want of guides is exceed- ingly tiresome and embarrassing. In about 35 hours, from Sunmans to Williams- burg, the cavalry pass over 90 miles-the most extraordinary march in their his- tory. They are so fagged out that all" along the route prisoners are being taken.
During all this time, the Ohio river is rising slowly, preventing them from cross- ing at several points which had recently been fordable, and enabling the Federal gunboats and steamers loaded with troops to follow on up the river-to intercept the Confederates and prevent their escape southward.
July 12-At a sale in Louisville, bank shares brought- Northern Bank $100, Bank of Ky. and Bank of Louisville each $96.
July 16-Morgan's cavalry pass on eastward through the counties of Brown, Highland, Adams, Pike, Jackson, Vinton, Athens, Gallia, Meigs, Washington and Morgan, through the towns of West Union, Piketon, Jackson, Oak Hill, Hampden, Nel- sonville, Berlin, Chester, to the Ohio River at Portland, in Meigs co. A halt at Chester proves the great blunder-prevents their escape into Virginia. Meanwhile, regu- lar troops and militia in thousands, on horseback, by railroad and river, are being sent in front of and across Morgan's path, as well as following him with all possible speed.
July 18-Battle of Buffington's Island, fought by Morgan's men, exhausted by four week's constant travel, and with a very small supply of ammunition, against four times their number, abundantly sup- plied, fresh and vigorons; over 700 Con- federates captured, including Cols. Basil W. Duke, W. W. Ward, D. Howard Smith, and Richard O. Morgan, Lieut. Col. John M. Hoffman, Majors W. P. Elliott and Robert S. Bullock, and Capts. Thos H. Hines and P. H. Thorpe.
July 18 and 20-Four companies of Mor- gan's cavalry, under Capts. Kirkpatrick, Sisson, Lea and Cooper, escape across the Ohio river into Virginia, but several hun- dred others are captured by the 1st Ky. (Federal) in the attempt. Tuesday, 21st, heavy skirmishing for 6 or 7 miles, and brisk fighting for an hour at St. George's creek; several hundred Confederates cap- tured by Ky. Federal regiments. Sun- day, 26th, severe engagement near Saline- ville, Columbiana co .: about 15 Confeder- ates killed, 35 wounded, 200 prisoners; and the same day Gen. Morgan surrenders to Capt. Burbeek, of the Ohio militia, upon condition that his officers and men be paroled, all retaining their horses, and
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the officers their side-arms. Capt. John | they have any, " no man of undoubted loy- L. Neal, of the 9th Ky. cavalry, is the alty will be molested ;" " nominally Ky. Union men will be classed as rebel sym- pathizers." first to report to his commander, Maj. Geo. W. Rue, the surrender, coming up with a flag of truce under Maj. Theophilus Steele, July 26-Death of John J. Crittenden, at Frankfort. who hopes they will not be fired upon. Maj. Rue in part, and Gen. Shackleford, July 28-Gen. Scott's Confederate cav- alry drive the Federals through Richmond, and across the Ky. river. when he arrives, entirely disavows. and repudiates the honorable terms granted. Col. Wolford endeavors to have them ob- July 28-Small action at Richmond, Madison co. served, but is overruled. Morgan appealed to Gen. Burnside to observe them, but he July 28-An official statement of Adj. Gen. John W. Finnell gives the following as the number of volunteers furnished to the United States by each congressional district in Ky .: is also refused. With Gen. Morgan is surrendered the remnant of his cavalry- making about 1,600 now in Federal hands. And so ends his wonderful raid, of over 1,100 hundred miles in the enemy's coun- 1st 1,154 6th 3,260 try-startling in its conception, masterly 2d 5,228 3d 4,524 8th. 7,121 7th 3,500 and terrible in its progress and execution, but fatally disastrous in its results. The 4th 4,933 9th. 6,499 great cavalry captain, all his colonels ex- 5th 5,719 Total .. 41,937 eept Johnson and Grigsby, and most of July 29-Confederates attack Paris, but after two hours fighting withdraw towards Mountsterling. his other brilliant and gallant officers, are soon incarcerated in the Ohio penitentiary at Columbus ; where they are shaven and July 29-Federals, under Col. R. R. Maltby, after a sharp skirmish. compel Gen. Scott's cavalry to abandon Winches- ter. shorn, fed and lodged, and watched and punished as convicts, although allowed some "privileges " refused to convicts.
- July 20-Gov. Jas. F. Robinson issues a proclamation, accompanied with the "expatriation aet" of March 11, 1862, recommending "its strict observance and enforcement ;" and has both published, at state expense, in every newspaper in the state. It disfranchises many native citi- zens.
July 21-Raid upon Maysville by 18 freebooters and robbers from Carter co., under one Underwood-all Union bush- whackers, and said to have been invited by bad Union men who felt spiteful be- cause of the outrages committed by Ever- ett's Confederate cavalry on their recent raid. Their robberies, outrages and in- sults were of and towards rebel sympa- thizers ; and they were , ot resisted at all by the provost guard.
July 22-Lieut. Col. Thomas L. Young, 118th Ohio infantry, commanding at Paris and at all railroad stations betwen Coving- ton and Lexington, in " order No. 4," di- rects 1. " That the property (negroes, oxen, timber for fortifications, wood for fuel, eorn, hay, oats, ete.) of loyal Union men shall not be impressed, except in cases of absolute necessity, and then under special written
needed for military purposes, it must be taken from sympathizers with the rebellion, or those opposed to furnishing more men or money toward sustaining the govern- ment ;" 3. Vouchers must be given for pri- vate property taken, but “ if presented for approval by men whose loyalty is doubted, they will be endorsed ' To be paid at the end of the war, or when the claimant shall establish his loyalty to the satisfaction of the government.'" July 24-Gen. Hart- suff, commanding 23d army corps at Lex- ington, orders (No. 14) that "impressed property be taken exclusively from rebels and rebel sympathizers," and so long as
July 30-Col. Saunders' force drives Pegram and Scott's Confederate cavalry from Winchester, Clark co., towards Irvine, Estill co.
July 30-Sharp cavalry skirmish at Ir- vine, Estill co., bet. 10th Ky. (Federal) and Scott's Confederates.
July 31-Gen. Burnside deelares mar- tial law in Ky., " for the purpose only of protecting the rights of loyal citizens and the freedom of election," "no disloyal person shall be allowed to vote." Aug. 10-He visits Lexington, is serenaded, and makes a speech complimenting Ky. as " the most loyal state in his department; he had found more of strictly loyal men here than in Ohio or Indiana; the disloyal had no right to approach the ballot box, and therefore had no right to complain of mar- tial law."
Aug. 3-Vote for Governor, Thos. E. Bramlette 67,586, Chas. A. Wickliffe, (Dem.) 17,344; for lieutenant governor, Richard T. Jacob, 65,851, Wm. B. Read (Dem.) 14,820. For congress, Ist district, Lucien Anderson 4,323, Lawrence S. Trim- ble (Dem.) 711; 2d, Geo. H. Yeaman 8,311, John H. McHenry 3,087 ; 3d. Henry authority ;" 2. " If private property be Grider 8,654, T. C. Winfrey 1,293 ; 4th, Aaron Harding 10,435, Wm. J. Heady 2,508 ; 5th. Robert Mallory 6,257, Nat. Wolfe 2,477 ; 6th, Green Clay Smith 6,936, John W. Menzies 2,283, John W. Leathers (Dem.) 1,970 ; 7th, Brutus J. Clay 4,711, Gen. Jerry T. Boyle 2,487, Richard A. Buckner 2,143 ; 8th, Win. H. Randall 7,938, - Bradley 197 ; 9th, Win. Henry Wadsworth 6,638, T. S. Brown 567. Reg- ular " Union " candidates elected over the " Independent Union " and over the Dem- ocratie. candidates, in every case. Only about 85,000 out of 140,000 votes polled- probably 40,000 being refused a vote, or kept from the polls by military intimida-
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tion or interference, or by threats or fears of arrest or of future trouble ; in sonie counties, the names of the Democratic can- didates stricken from the poll-books by the military or their order; at Bardstown, an Indiana-Col. Butler erases, in the very presence of the venerable ex-Governor Wickliffe himself. his name, declaring that no poll should be open for him ; even high Ky. military officers active in con- trolling the election ; in a few cases, men voting the Democratic ticket are immedi- ately arrested as disloyal ; the military distributed at all the polls, in many coun- ties. For this reason, members of the legislature almost unanimously "Union ;" only three counties, Boone, Carroll, and Trimble, electing "No-men-or-money" representatives.
Aug. 4-Steamer Ruth set on fire and burned while descending the Mississippi, 6 miles below Cairo ; 30 lives lost ; also, $2,600,000 in hands of U. S. army pay- masters, 400 tons military stores, etc.
Aug. 5-In the U. S. district court at Louisville, Judge Bland Ballard sentences Thos. C. Shacklett, convicted of treason, to 10 years imprisonment in the Louisville jail, a fine of $10,000, and to have his slaves emancipated.
Aug. 10-Gen. Boyle orders the im- pressment of 6,000 male negro laborers in 14 central countics, to work in extending the railroad from Lebanon towards Dan- ville; owners failing to deliver them, as ordered, will have all their male negroes between 16 and 45 years taken.
Aug. 27-Skirmish at Clark's Neck, Lawrence co.
Sept. 1-Col. Leonidas Metcalfe refunds to many Southern sympathizers in Bour- bon, Harrison and Nicholas counties, from whom he, last year, coerced sums at pleasure, sixty cents on the dollar-alleging that he has expended the balance in reim- bursing persons who suffered by Confed- erate raids ; before paying, he requires a release in full, "to cover accidents."
Sept. 2-70 guerrillas enter Flemings- burg, and rob the bank and citizens.
Sept. - Skirmish near Catlettsburg, Boyd co., between the home-guards and guerrillas.
Sept. 4-John W. Coffey and Christo- pher Coffey, of 27th Ky. infantry (Fed- eral), shot at Munfordsville, Hart co., for desertion.
Sept. 7-Skirmish on Pigeon creek, Lo- gan co .; Confederates routed, with 8 killed, 6 wounded, and 32 prisoners.
Sept. 9-2,000 Confederates surrounded by large Federal forces at Cumberland Gap, and surrender.
Sept. 19, 20-Battle in Georgia, near Chickamauga, Tennessee; Confederates victorious ; many Ky. troops engaged, on both sides, and heavy losses.
Sept. 22-Skirmish at Marrowbone, Pike co.
Oct. 6-Hays, or Hamilton, with 85 Confederates, dashes into Glasgow, Barren co., about sunrise, surprising and captur- editors of the state.
ing, and afterwards paroling, 140 Federal soldiers.
Oct. 6-Guerrilla raid on Owingsville, Bath co .; 7 Federal soldiers killed.
Oct. 8-Richardson's guerrillas surprise and destroy a train, at New Hope, Nelson co., and tear up the track.
Oct. 9-Guerrilla outrages and successes in eastern Ky. increasing. Gov. Bram- lette issues a "pronunciamento " saying " the state shall be free from its murder- ous foes, even though every arm be re- quired to aid in their destruction ;" he threatens a draft, unless state guard com- panies for home protection are formed im- mediately.
Oct. 10-Major Gen. Thos. L. Critten- den relieved of the command of the 21st army corps, and his conduct in the battle of Chickamauga to be investigated.
Oct. 10-Balance in Ky. state treasury, this day $808,387 Balance in same, Oct. 10, 1862 ... 459,708 Balance in same, Oct. 10, 1861 ... 280,111 Balance in same, Oct. 10, 1860 ... 126,548
Oct. 16-Gauge of Louisville and Lex- ington railroad widened, from 4 feet 816 inches to 5 feet, to be uniforin with all Southern roads-by order of U. S. gov- ernment.
Oct. 17-26 of Gen. John H. Morgan's men escape from Camp Douglas, at Chi- cago, by digging a tunnel under the fence, from one of the barracks.
Oct. 17 to 24-Guerrillas in large force visit Columbia, Greensburg, Bardstown, Danville, and other places, frightening and pillaging the citizens without distinc- tion.
Oct. -Gen. Buell acquitted, by the court of inquiry, of all charges against him.
Oct. 17-President Lincoln calls for 300,000 men ; and orders a draft on Jan. 5, 1864, for any deficiency. Kentucky's quota is 12,701.
Oct. 25-President Lincoln exempts Ky. from negro enlistments as soldiers.
Oct. 30-Lieut. Col. Orlando Brown, Jr., 14th Ky. infantry, and Maj. Stephen M. Ferguson, 39th Ky. infantry, with 160 men, repulse Prentice's Confederate car- alry at Salyersville, Magoffin co., captur- ing 50 prisoners.
Oct. 30-Gen. Boyle turns over to the U. S. quartermaster all corn purchased by distillers in Bourbon, Harrison and other counties, and forbids them to purchase any more.
Nov. 8-Several thousand impressed negroes, who were scattered to the four winds by the late guerrilla raid, return to work upon the Lebanon branch railroad west of Stanford, Lincoln co.
Nov. 10-Guerrillas, for the fourth time recently, make a raid into Morehead, Row- an co., but are driven off with loss.
Nov. 13-Lexington city council pur- chases 1,000 cords of wood for distribution among the poor of the city.
Nov. 14-Death at Maysville of Tho. B. Stevenson, one of the ablest writers and
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Nov. 25-11th and 12th Ky. Federal cavalry surprised and captured, near Knoxville, Tenn., by the Confederates.
Nov. 28-Gen. John H. Morgan, and 6 of his captains, Thos. H. Hines, Jacob C. Bennett, Ralph Sheldon, Jas. D. Hocker- smith, Gustavus S. McGee, and Sam. B. Taylor, make their escape from the Ohio penitentiary at Columbus, before 1 A. M. Too polite to part from his host without a farewell word, Hines leaves a letter for the Warden, addressed to " Hon. (! ! ) N. Merion," "The Faithful," " The Vigi- lant," and enclosing the tally of time and labor :
"CASTLE MERION, Cell No. 20, Nov. 27. Commencement, .November 4, 1863 Conclusion, . November 20, 1863 No. of hours for labor, per day, ...... Three. Tools, ..... . Two small knives.
La patience est amère, mais son fruit est doux.
By order of my six honorable Confeder- ates,
THOS. H. HINES, Captain C. S. A."
Four days after, Taylor and Sheldon are captured 6 miles back of Louisville, and returned to the penitentiary.
The ingenuity and coolness of Hines, who had planned the mode of escape, and the methodical boldness and nonchalance of Morgan, carry the two safely by railroad via Dayton to Cincinnati, where they cross the Ohio at 7 A. M., in a skiff, to Ludlow, just below Covington; breakfast at the residence of an enthusiastic lady friend ; are furnished with horses, and that day ride 28 miles to Union, Boone co .; thence, by easy stages, with volunteer guides when needed, through Gallatin, Owen, Henry, Shelby, Spencer, Nelson, Green, and Cumberland counties ; reach Overton co., Tenn., Dec. 8. Hines, although by quick wit he again saves Morgan, is cap- tured Dec. 13; but in five days is free again. Morgan escapes by way of Athens, Tenn., across the mountains of North Carolina, to Columbia, S. C., and thence to Richmond, Va. [The governor of Ohio offers $5,000 reward for his re-capture.]
Dec. 1-150 Confederate cavalry enter Mountsterling, burn the court house and clerks' offices, release the prisoners from jail, and capture 100 horses ; although a Federal regiment is quartered 118 miles from town.
Dec. 1-A Kentucky major, captain, and 4 lieutenants (Federal) dismissed the service by orders from Washington city- two for disloyalty, the others for drunken- ness, cowardice, or abandoning company in the face of the enemy.
Dec. 7-Legislature meets. Harrison Taylor, of Maysville, elected speaker of the house : Taylor 49, Alfred Allen 40.
Dec. 8-Guerrillas swarming in western Ky.
Dec. 8-The house of representatives of congress now in session has, of 186 mem- bers, 14 natives of Ky., 11 of Massachu- setts, 8 of Va., etc.
Dec. 11-Legislature orders the stars I ... 9
and stripes to be raised in front of the capitol ......... 14-Asks the President for a court of investigation of the conduct of Maj. Gen. Thos. L. Crittenden, believing him to have been most unjustly relieved of his command ......... 16-Adopts elo- quent resolutions upon the death of the Hon. John Jordan Crittenden ......... 21- Takes steps for proper vouchers for forage taken from, and compensation for injuries to, citizens of Ky., by Federal soldiers . Thanks the U. S. army for the vic- tories at Stone river, Chickamauga, Look- out Mountain, and Missionary Ridge ........ 22-Authorizes the Southern Bank of Ky. to wind up its affairs, and requires the state's proportion of its capital to be paid in coin at Louisville. [The bank has on hand $1,619,171 in gold and silver.]
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