USA > Kentucky > Collins historical sketches of Kentucky. History of Kentucky: Vol. I > Part 35
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Nor am I satisfied that, if I should re- turn to Ky., I would be safe from military arrest. In November last, Gen. Wash- burne released me in Memphis, with an assurance that I could return to Ky. with- out danger of further molestation. Gen. Burbridge, when informed of my release, ordered my re-arrest. If I should return now, I might find Gen. Palmer's position held by some one else, who would treat his order as contemptuously as Gen. Burbridge treated Gen. Washburne's. The evil to which I allude-the uncertainty of life and liberty-is a natural and perhaps nec- essary result of the despotism that has
been established over you, which makes martial law by paper proclamations far in the rear of contending armies, and enforces it against non-combatants in communities where the courts are open and untram- meled except by the military power of the United States.
But what would it profit me to return, even if I felt sure that Gen. Palmer's per- mission would be carried into full effect ? I am permitted to return merely for the purpose of attending my "trial" by the legislature. At its close, let it end as it may, my permission ends and I must leave the United States or be subject to military arrest and trial. The privilege of return- ing to Ky. merely for the purpose of con- fronting such accusers as Coffin and Stidger appears to me to be of very little value. My observation and experience of martial law lead me to believe that I will not again voluntarily submit myself to its jurisdic- tion. I would willingly return home if I could do so as a freeman, amenable only to the laws of the land. But I have not yet found the laws of Canada so oppressive, nor its climate so inhospitable, nor its soil so unfruitful, nor the labor of tilling it so grievous, as to make me willing to return as a slave by the special permission of Sec- retary Stanton.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. F. BULLITT.
June 3-Lien law extended so as to give mechanics a lien for excavating cel- lars, cisterns, wells, vaults, for walling the same, for grading and paving, making fills, &c.
June 3-Additional appropriations for the benefit of the American Printing house for the Blind in Jefferson co.
June 3-Legislature provides that any vacancy in the court of appeals, or circuit courts, occurring within ninety and more than twenty days before the 1st Monday in August, shall be filled by election on that day.
June 3-Gov. Bramlette vetoes a bill to "amend" the militia laws, which, he says, proposes to "abolish" all the means and agencies necessary to to carry the law into operation. The veto is sustained.
June 3-$700 appropriated by the legis- lature to erect head and foot stones over the graves of Gov. James T. Morehead, Gov. Charles Scott, Hon. Wmn. T. Barry, Bland Ballard and wife, and senators Wal- ter Chiles and Milton P. Buster.
June 4-Judge G. W. Johnston, of the city court of Louisville, under a law of Ky. commits a negro slave, Jacob Hardin, to the work-house "until his master should give bail that he would not be suffered to go at large and hire himself out as a free man ;" whereupon Gen. John M. Palmer, by military power, prohibits the enforce- ment of the law, and orders the release of the slave " unless detained in custody for some other cause than the order of the city court of Louisville."
June 5 - Gov. Bramlette commissions Wm. Sampson, state senator from Barren
I ... 11
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co., judge of the court of appeals, in place | to-night of all dealers in or keepers of of Joshua F. Bullitt, removed by address.
June 12-Gen. Palmer refuses to sur- render Jesse Taggart to the civil author- ities for trial in Muhlenburg co. for kill- ing Philander Welbourne-claiming "ex- clusive jurisdiction for military courts" because Taggart was at the time a soldier, and alleging it " the duty of the military to protect him from a possible trial by dis- loyal courts and juries ;" he must have "evidence that judges, juries, common- wealth's attorneys, &c., charged with the administration of justice, are loyal to the government and would give to persons em- ployed by the government a fair trial," before he will give up any such for trial by the civil courts.
June 15-The house of worship and ses- sion room of the 1st Presbyterian church, Louisville, Rev. Samuel R. Wilson, D. D., pastor, taken possession of by the mili- tary for hospital purposes. [The " war" is over, but persecution for opinion's sake continues.]
June 15-About 1,200 deaths, within the year past, among the negroes refugeed at Camp Nelson, Jessamine co.
June 16-The court of appeals decides unconstitutional the act of congress mak- ing U. S. treasury notes a legal tender. Judge George Robertson delivers the opinion.
June 17-Gen. Edward H. Hobson, commanding Ist division of department of Ky. at Lexington, forbids further arrests by the military "unless there is good proof that the party accused is guilty" as alleged ; no more arrests for personal feel- ings must be made.
June 22-Death, at Cincinnati, aged 74, of Thos. H. Barlow, formerly of Lexing- ton, the inventor of the planetarium.
July 1-The average annual rain-fall at Lexington, for more than 30 years past, is about 45 inches ; but for the year ending to-day has been 65.73 inches-nearly 21 inches above the average, or no less than 14,000 barrels to the acre.
July 7-David E. Harrold, who was captured with J. Wilkes Booth ; Lewis Payne, who attempted to murder the U. S. secretary of state, Wm. II. Seward ; Geo. A. Atzerott, who was to assassinate vice president Andrew Johnson ; and Mrs. Mary E. Surratt, at whose house these parties met and plotted-sentenced to death by a military commission, and hung at Wash- ington city. In the case of the latter, a writ of habeas corpus was issued by Judge Wylie, of the U. S. district court; but President Johnson suspended the writ, and Judge Wylie refused to proceed further. As a consequence, Mrs. Surratt was hung- whose father-confessor, Rev. Mr. Walters, says, " not revealing the confessional, that, as God lives, she was innocent of the mur- der, or of any intent or conspiracy to murder, President Lincoln."
July 8-Military interference, in order to keep its hand in, makes "another de- parture." Gen. Palmer orders the arrest
faro or faro banks. In Louisville and Frankfort every bank is closed up and the stocks confiscated. They have swindled the soldiers out of many thousands of dollars.
July 11-Gen. Palmer issues an order to quartermasters to pay all wages earned by negroes to them ; and not to " pretended masters," unless with the consent of the laborer.
July 16-Emerson Ethridge, one of the most distinguished citizens of Tennessee, is held under guard at Columbus, Ky., by order of Maj. Gen. Geo. H. Thomas, and not allowed to converse on political affairs, on pain of close confinement.
July 20-Upwards of 200 Federal sol- diers, arrested on various charges, have been released from prisons throughout Ky., during this month, by the judge ad- vocate of the department of Ky.
July 20-2,336 persons in Louisville pay a U. S. "income tax"-1 on over $75,000, 2 over $70,000, 2 over $60,000, 2 over $50,- 000, 10 over $40,000, 21 over $30,000. 29 over $20,000, 33 over $15,000, 76 over $10,- 000, 82 over $7,000, 86 over $5,000. 248 over $3,000, 505 over $1,000, and 1,236 under $1,000; making an aggregate of $7,296,390 of income in one year.
July 20-Gen. John M. Palmer-who seems to act as if he were the autoerat of Kentucky, instead of military command- ant-issues general orders No. 49, which directs provost marshals or commanding officers of troops to issue-to all colored persons applying, and representing them- selves as unable to find employment- "passes authorizing them to pass at will in search of employment, upon any rail- road, steamboat, ferryboat, or other means of travel in the state of Ky. or plying out of it from any point in it;" and ordering the arrest and sending out of the state, or trial and punishment by military com- mission, of any railroad or steamboat con- ductor or clerk or other public carrier who refuses them transportation anywhere, upon their presenting said pass and the usual fare. July 22 to 28-At Paris, Lexington, and some other points, such passes (which the negroes call their "free papers," and act accordingly ) are issued as fast as they can be filled out-about 1,300 at Paris alone.
July 22-Gov. Bramlette issucs a long proclamation addressed " to the officers of election and citizens of Ky.," in which he notifies them that "the law requires that the person offering to vote should state on oath that he has not entered into the service of the so-called Confederate States, in either a civil or military capacity, nor into the service of the so-called Provisional Gorern- ment of Kentucky, in either a civil or mili- tary capacity, since the 10th day of April, 1862, nor has he continued in such service since that date; nor has he given since that date any voluntary aid and assistance to those in arms against the United States or the state of Kentucky." [This procla-
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mation, although in its general spirit aimed at preventing the occasion for military in- terference, and counseling peace and ob- servance of law, was regarded by many good citizens as likely to bring on the very acts of military interference which followed, and which so disgraced the state at the ensuing election, Aug. 7. It having been widely published and made generally known that two judges, on their respective circuits, Jos. Doniphan and Richard Ap- person, jr., had declared unconstitutional, and therefore of no binding force, the law which required said oath-the Expatria- tion Act of March 11, 1862 ; and the war, which was the excuse and occasion of said Act, having been over for more than three months ; a strong feeling of dissatisfaction at and disapprobation of the governor's course manifested itself, and found utter- ance on the street, and through the press, and in the decided and repeated action of the ensuing legislature.]
Aug. 7-The vote for congressmen is :
District. Conservative. Radical.
Ist ... L. S. Trimble ... 5,749 C. D. Bradley ....... 3,542 G. H. Yeaman ...... 5.786 J. H. Lowry ......... 4,871 M. C. Taylor. ... 3,652
2d ..... B. C. Ritter ...... 6,974 &d ..... H. Grider ......... 6,525 4th ... A. 'Harding ..... 9, 437 5th ... R. Mallory ...... 4,704 6th ... A. H. Ward ...... 6,421 7th ... G.S.Shanklin ... 7,624 8th ... T. T. Garrard .. 3.824
L. H. Rousseau .... 5,751 G. C. Smith ... .. 7,666
S. S. Fry. .. 3,943
W. H. Randall ... 10,634 9th ... J. S. Hurtt ...... 6,241 S. McKee. .. 8,163
For state treasurer, Jas. H. Garrard (Conservative) elected. Garrard 42,187, Wm. L. Neale (Radical) 42,082-maj. 105. For judge of the court of appeals, in dis- trict No. 3, Wm. Sampson 6,327 ; Geo. W. Kavanaugh 6,268-maj. 59; W. E. Riley 3,467. The next senate will stand 20 con- servatives and 18 radicals-maj. 2; and the house, 60 conservatives and 40 radi- cals-maj. 20. Very serious interference in many counties with the election by the military ; in some cases soldiers prevented voters from going near the polls, and in others arrested and took them off to prison. In Lexington, " citizens stood in front of the polls, and indicated to the soldiers those who were not entitled to vote ; all thus pointed out were not allowed to pre- sent themselves to the judges"-so tele- graphed the sheriff, W. W. Dowden, to Gov. Bramlette. Negro soldiers were sent as guardians of the polls in several pre- cincts in Mercer co.
Aug. 15-The U. S. secretary of war issues an order to muster out of service 5,000 out of the 21,000 men who are on duty in the department [state] of Ky.
Sept. 5-Judge Jos. Doniphan, in the circuit court at Covington, decides the ex- patriation act unconstitutional.
Sept. 8-The grand jury in the Fayette circuit court, Judge Wm. C. Goodloe pre- Biding, report five indictments for viola- tions of the election laws by military force and control-against David S. Goodloe, U. S. assessor, John B. Wilgus, M. C. Brickey, Capt. H. Johnson, and Thos. E. Bramlette. Judge Goodloe, without mo- tion or word from any one, dismisses the indictments.
Sept. 14-In Campbell co., the board of contested elections decided that on Aug. 7 " there was such an interference at the various voting places, by armed sol- diers, who so governed and controlled the election as to render it invalid, null and void ;" they adjudged Thos. Jones, the incumbent, not lawfully elected clerk of the circuit court, and declared the office vacant.
The grand jury of Powell co. indict Henry C. Lilly, senator elect, and John N. B. Hardwick, county judge, for ob- structing the freedom.of elections. .
Sept. 25-Maj. Gen. John M. Palmer and Brig. Gen. Jas. S. Brisbin indicted at Louisville for abducting slaves, and other- wise violating the slave code of Ky.
Sept. 25-Dr. Joshua T. Bradford, of Augusta, Bracken co., sells to Wm. P. Anderson's "Longworth's Wine House," Cincinnati, 10,000 gallons of native wine from his own vineyard, at $2:36 and $2:50 per gallon.
Sept. 28-Some of the very men who were among the foremost to welcome and cajole the petty tyrant, Gen. John M. Palmer, when he made his advent in Ky. as the successor of Gen. Burbridge, are now willing to see the latter re-instated in preference. "Gen. B. is in Louisville, without any command whatever, and has not had one for some time. During the absence of Gen. Palmer at Washington city, the troops in the state - negroes chiefly-will be under the command of Gen. Jeff. C. Davis, of Indiana, who will be remembered as the slayer of Gen. Wm. Nelson." #
Oct. 2-Gen. Ulysses S. Grant sends an order to Gen. Palmer-commanding the military, the negroes, and the churches in Ky .- "requiring the immediate and un- conditional release" of Rev. Lorenzo D. Huston, D. D., pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, in Newport. Dr. H. had been arrested for a speech in Con- ference opposing a secession of Ky. Con- ference from the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church South in order to unite with the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church (North,) and for attempting to occupy the pulpit in Newport to which the Conference had as- signed him.
Oct. 2-Gen. James S. Brisbin, from headquarters Ist division of the depart- ment of Ky. at Lexington, issues general orders No. 15, that ...... " any returned Con- federate soldier found armed, or dressed in any part of the Confederate uniform, shall be arrested and sent beyond the limits of this division [i. e. the state of Ky.], not to return. Returned Confed- erates are notified that they must at once discontinue the dangerous and obnoxious practice of carrying arms and wearing the onfederate uniformn.'
Oct. 3-Upon recommendation of Gen.
* Editorial correspondence of the Maysville Eagle.
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Palmer, the U. S. war department has de- [ bonds and parole James Brien, representa- cided to muster out 4,000 of the colored troops now serving in his command (Ky.), which will still leave him about 6,000 troops with which to enforce order.
Oct. 9-As the sheriff of Montgomery co., Tenn., with two negroes charged with crime in his custody, was passing from Clarksville to Nasbville, by the railroad which leads through Bowling Green, Ky., he was attacked by the negro soldiers at the latter place, his prisoners taken from him, and the most insolent threats made against the sheriff or any one attempting to interfere.
Oct. 12-Andrew Johnson, president of the United States, by solemn proclama- tion, modifies the proclamation issued July 5, 1864, by Abraham Lincoln, then president of the United States, " in so far that martial law shall be no longer in force in Kentucky," inasmuch "as the danger from insurgent raids has substan- tially passed away."
Oct. 16-The mayor of Lexington, Jos. Wingate, issues his proclamation, notifying owners of slaves to remove them from that city to their homes, and take care of them, "by Oct. 5, or legal proceedings will be instituted under the state law to compel compliance." Whereupon, Gen. John M. Palmer, ".Major General Commanding" department of Ky. at .Louisville, orders "Brig. Gen. J. S. Brisbin, commanding" at Lexington, "to inform said mayor that you are instructed to protect the people of his city from the violence he invites ; that no portion of them can be seized and removed from that city at the mere will of persons who may choose to call themselves " own- ers and claimants ;" ...... " that all the peo- ple of the state are presumed to be free, and will be protected as free until orders are received to the contrary."
Oct. 20-The Ky. Central railroad com- pany orders its conductors to stop the transportation of slaves, except they are provided with written orders from their owners ; several slaves, with military passes, are refused transportation. The Louisville and Jeffersonville ferry com- pany have also refused such passes since the abrogation of martial law.
Oct. 20-Maj. Gen. Geo. H. Thomas having " approved the administration" of Gen. Palmer, and reported in favor of his retaining the command in Ky., President Johnson refuses to remove him, although re- quested to do so by Gov. Bramlette and Gen. Green Clay Smith.
Oct. 21 -Gen. Brisbin notifies Jason Williams and wife, at Lexington, that unless they pay their ten slaves, children of a negro soldier, reasonable wages for all their labor since March 3, 1865, (when congress passed the unconstitutional act freeing the wives and children of negro soldiers), " suit will be entered before the Freedmen's Burcau, and steps taken to compel payment."
Oct. 21-As recommended by Gov. Bram- lette, Gen. Palmer releases from their
tive elect from Marshall co., John W. Oglevie, representative elect from Mc- Cracken co., and Jas. C. Calhoun, sheriff of MeCracken co. Shortly after their election in August last, they were each arrested-on the charge that their candi- dacy was in violation of Palmer's proclama- tion-and placed under bonds not to leave their respective counties, and Calhoun not even to leave Paducah.
Oct. 26-Special telegraph dispatches from Lexington announce that " the quar- rel between Gen. Burbridge and Gov. Bramlette has been settled, to the satis- faction of both parties, and they have re- newed their former relations."
Oct. 30-As he is sustained by the pres- ident and secretary of war, Gen. John M. Palmer gives renewed diligence to the work of forcing emancipation in Ky. At the provost marshal's office in Louisville, passes are issued to 150 to 300 negroes per day, and a constant guard is kept at the Jeffersonville ferry to compel their trans- portation over the Ohio river when they apply.
Nov. 3-Granville Pearl, judge of the 12th circuit, appears in Lexington under arrest, by order of Gen. Brisbin-whose command here is a brigade of negro sol- diers-because in the discharge of his du- ties as judge he had ordered the sale, in partition among some infants, of a negro woman-who, to avoid the sale, married or pretended to marry a negro soldier. A squad of negro soldiers was sent to arrest him ; but an influential friend succeeded in turning them back, and saved him that humiliation - by his personal assurance that he would report as soon as cited, and which he did.
Nov. 5-The findings of the military commission in the case of Gen. Eleazer A. Paine - charged with executing and im- prisoning several dozen citizens at and near Paducah, during his reign of terror there, when he became infamous for his oppressions and outrages-has just been made public by Edwin M. Stanton, secre- tary of war. Paine was found guilty of part of the charges, and merely sentenced to be reprimanded in general orders. Even this shamefully inadequate sentence was remitted.
Nov. 10-Gen. Brisbin notifies Garret Davis, Brutus J. Clay, and other promi- nent citizens of Bourbon and Fayette coun- ties, that he will bring suit against them, before the Freedmen's Bureau, for wages alleged to be due for the labor of some of their own slaves, (whose husbands by vari- ous means had been gotten into the U. S. army as soldiers.)
Nov. 10-Ky. newspapers contain a list of names of 492 Ky. soldiers, with their company, regiment, and date of death- who died while prisoners of war at Ander- sonville, Sumter co., Georgia, and are buried in the national cemetery there.
Nov. 11-Gen. Wm. T. Sherman visits Lawrenceburg, Indiana, and is asked what
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he thought of Gen. Palmer's course in Ky .; he replies : " If it is monarchy or consol- idation we are after, he is right ; but if we want to preserve the old form of govern- ment, he is all wrong."
Nov. 5-Death of Mrs. Hannah Sweat, aged 106 years, at Owensboro, Ky.
Nov. 14-In the circuit court at Cyn- thiana, Harrison co., Samuel F. January and Maj. Jas. R. Curry recover judgments for damages against Capt. Cranston for in- terfering with their right to vote at the August election - the former for $5,000 and the latter for $500, being for all each claimed.
Nov. 21-Thegrand juryat Louisville in- dict Gen. Jno. M. Palmer for enticing slaves to leave the state. He was held in bail of $500, to answer.
Nov. 21-Burning of the offices of the clerk of the court of appeals, secretary of state, and governor, at Frankfort; con- suming all the books and records of the court of appeals then in the office. The archives and all the papers of value were saved from the secretary of state's office.
Nov. 22, 24-Several regiments of negro soldiers, recently at Lexington and else- where in Ky., embark at Louisville for Arkansas, to be commanded by Brig. Gen. Jas. S. Brisbin. This leaves only one regi- mentof whites, and two of negroes, in Ky.
Nov. 23, 23-Spirited letter of ex-Gov. Beriah Magoffin in reply to a threatening letter of Gen. John M. Palmer. The for- mer refuses to interfere in a lawsuit, as requested by Palmer, " to protect a friend of the government from an unmerited prosecution" [the lawsuit of Nat. Gaither, jr., os. James E. Thompson, who while judge at the August election rejected Mr. G.'s vote]; assures Gen. P. that all his correspondence with the Confederate au- thorities which Palmer has unearthed by application at Washington city, had been published in the Legislative journals of Sept. 1861; and that "he fully compre- hends what he (Palmer) says and what he means."
Nov. 25-Mining for lead ore, in Fayette eo., 7 miles from Lexington, on the Lees- town pike.
Nov. 26-President Johnson revokes the rewards offered for the arrest of Jacob Thompson, of Miss., Beverly Tucker, of Va., and Geo. N. Sanders and Wm. W. Cleary, of Ky .- on a charge of complicity in the plot for assassinating President Lincoln; subsequent developments prov- ing them entirely innocent.
Nov. 30-President Johnson restores the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus - suspended by President Lincoln on Dec. 15, 1863, and ever since-in a number of states, including Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia, and Missouri, but not in Ky., Tennessee, and other Southern states. Kentucky is the only border state to which that great writ is still denied !
appropriate ceremonies, at Oakdale ceme- tery, Urbana, Ohio-with this inscription on his tomb :
" In memory of Gen. Simon Kenton, who was born April 13, 1755, in Culpepper co., Virginia, and died April 29, 1836, aged 81 years and 26 days. His fellow-citizens of the West will long remember him as the skillful pioneer of early times, the brave soldier and the honest man."
Dec. 1-Lead ore discovered in Owen, Henry, and several other counties. Many oil wells being bored ; and oil indications in many counties.
Dec. 4-The auditor's report gives the total indebtedness of the state, at the close of the fiscal year, Oct. 10, 1865, $5,254,346 ; the resources of the sinking fund are ample to pay it off as it matures.
During the war, for war purposes, the state of Ky. borrowed and expended $3,- 621,000. Of this sum, on Oct. 10, 1865, the Federal government had refunded $1,051,000, and in addition was entitled to credit for $606,641-Kentucky's proportion of the $20,000,000 direct tax levied by congress, and which the state assumed. There is still due from the Federal govern- ment $1,963,359-enough to pay all debts of a military character against the state.
The valuation of slave property in 1865 is only $7,224,851; in 1864 it was $34,- 179,246.
During the fiscal year ending Oct. 10, 1865, and Oct. 10, 1845, respectively, there were paid from the state treasury, for the following objects :
Oct.10,1865. Oct.10,1845.
Deaf and Dumb Asylum ..... .$13,469 $2,506
Blind Asylum
Eastern Lunatic Asylum ..... 13,049
43,733
12,000
Western Lunatic Asylum ..... 97,850 Institution for Feeble-mind-
None.
ed and Imbecile Children ... 8,637
None.
Care of Idiots.
19,584
17,500
Jailers
49,584
11,633
Criminal prosecutions
34,645
15,234
soldiers. 5,400 None.
Military Fund ..
534,104 None.
Legislature - per diem of members, &c ... 57,445 21,317
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