USA > Kentucky > Collins historical sketches of Kentucky. History of Kentucky: Vol. I > Part 6
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Nov. 3-Additional time given to pay the debts due the state for vacant lands.
Nov. 5-Secretary of state authorized to purchase for the use of his office, such of the senate and house journals as may be necessary to complete a full set.
The U. S. president requested to nego- tiate with Great Britain relative to the restoration of fugitive slaves in Canada.
Nov. 9-The state library established at Frankfort.
Nov. 9-$2,000 appropriated to repair the governor's house.
Nov. 29-Bank of the Commonwealth, at Frankfort, chartered, with $2,000,000 capital, with branch in each judicial dis- trict-at Bowling Green, Falmouth, Flem- ingsburg, Greensburg, Harrodsburg, Hart- ford, Lexington, Louisville, Mount Ster- ling, Princeton, Somerset, and Winchester. Dec. 22, by supplemental bill, allowed to issue $3,000,000 of notes, and limiting the amount which any individual may borrow to $2,000.
Dee. 13-Tobacco to be classed into three classes, according to quality ; in- speetors to break the bulk of hogsheads in at least two places.
Dec. 25-All fines and forfeitures to be paid over to the treasurers of county sem- inaries, to promote education.
1821, April 10-Mr. Blair arrives at Frankfort in ten days from Philadelphia- "a very quick trip."
April 29-The steamboat Post Boy, com- manded by R. De Hart, arrives at Shipping- port (foot of the Falls) in 17 days from New Orleans.
Wm. Steele for Kentucky, and Absalom Looney for Tennessee, run and mark the boundary line between the two states, from the south-east corner of the state westward 114 miles to the Cumberland river, near the mouth of Obie's river.
A census of Louisville gives the white population (of which 94 were foreigners)
30
ANNALS OF KENTUCKY
1823.
1886, blacks 1126-total 4012. Valuation | void the "replevin and endorsement of town lots and improvements $1,189,664 -on which $4,637 taxes were assessed. Valuation of 1807, $913; inerease in 14 years, $1,188,751. law," which gave to the defendant a stay of execution for two years unless the plaintiff consented to receive bank paper in payment of his debt-voted down (two- Dec. 6-Wm. Littell and Jacob Swigert's Digest of the Kentucky Statutes down to 1821 issued. thirds of the house not concurring there- in ; yeas 59, nays 35). The decision is subsequently affirmed by the court of ap- peals.
Dec. 17-Imprisonment for debt abol- ished.
Dec. 18-By act of the legislature, one- half of the elear profits of the Common- wealth's bank set apart as a "Literary Fund, for the establishment and support of a system of general education." David R. Murray, John Pope, John R. Wither- spoon, Wmn. T. Barry, David White, jr., and Wm. P. Roper appointed " to digest a plan of schools of common education," and report to the legislature. One-half the profits of the Lexington branch of the Commonwealth's bank appropriated to Transylvania University ; one-third the profits of the Harrodsburg branch, to pur-
Col. Richard M. Johnson presents, in chase a library and philosophical appa- i the U. S. senate, the petition of John ratus for the Centre College of Kentucky ; and a like sum from the Bowling Green branch, for the like purpose for the South- ern College of Kentucky.
Dec. 19-County courts authorized to purchase lands and erect " poor houses."
Dec. 27-53 of Dr. Munsell's map of Kentucky purchased, and the balancedue for loan advanced to aid in its publication caneeled.
Supreme court of the U. S., in John Green vs. Richard Biddle, declare the oe- cupying claimant laws of Kentucky un- constitutional and void. because violating the compaet between Kentucky and Vir- ginia, which compact is a part of the eon- stitution of Kentucky.
$4,000 appropriated to pay Henry Clay and George M. Bibb, elected commission- ers to go to Virginia, and to the U. S. su- preme court, to maintain the validity of the occupying claimant laws.
1822, March 22-Commonwealth Bank notes fall to 6212 cents on the dollar.
May 13-Extra session of the legisla- ture, called by Gov. Adair, to re-arrange the congressional districts and provide for two additional members (12 in all) under the new apportionment.
May 17-Benjamin Watkins Leigh, as commissioner froin the state of Virginia, appears before the Kentucky legislature, and asks the appointment of commission - ers, under the 8th article of the compact between the two states, to decide points of difference, and specially the claim of Virginia to locate on the lands west of the Tennessee river the unsatisfied military bounty warrants of the officers and sol- diers of the Virginia state line. Henry Clay is unanimously elected commissioner to meet Mr. Leigh, and make the neces- sary arrangements for such commission.
May 27-Resolution and address re- quiring the governor to remove from office Judge James Clark, of the Bourbon cir- cuit, for deciding unconstitutional and
June 5-Henry Clay and Benj. Watkins Leigh agree upon articles of convention ; which the legislature ratifies Nov. 16.
Oct. 29-Col. Richard M. Johnson unani- mously re-elected U. S. senator for six years.
Nov. 19-Hugh L. White, of Tennessee, and Jacob Burnet, of Ohio, unanimously chosen commissioners on the part of Ken- tucky, under the compact with Virginia ; and Henry Clay and John Rowan counsel.
Louisville scourged by a terrible epi- demic, an aggravated bilious fever, which some call yellow fever.
Cleves Symmes, a citizen of Newport, Ky. (a nephew and namesake of Judge Symmes, who made the first settlement between the Miami rivers, in Ohio), for aid in performing a voyage of discovery to the inside of the earth, through the poles-which he claimed were open. and that the interior of the earth was accessi - ble and habitable. His theory attracts much attention and ridicule, and is since known as "Symmes' Hole."
Nov. 26-Legislation in regard to sem- inary lands.
Dec. 5-Charter of the Bank of Ken- tucky repealed.
Dec. 7-Lottery authorized, to raise $25,000 to build a medical college at Lex- ington ... .... Lunatic Asylum established at Lexington ......... Augusta College, un- der control of the Methodist E. Church, chartered. ....... Deaf and Dumb Asylum, at Danville, established and endowed.
.Lottery authorized, for draining the ponds in the town of Louisville.
Public printing divided between two public printers.
Rate of taxation, 614 cents on each one hundred dollars' worth of real or personal property.
Dec. 11-Report of commissioners on common sehools, and of the house com- mittee on education-5,000 eopies ordered to be printed in pamphlet form. Among the interesting documents are letters from ex-Presidents John Adams, Thomas Jef- ferson, and James Madison, and from Robert Y. Hayne, Wm. Duane, and others.
1823, April 23-Death of Col. James Morrison, of Lexington ; he bequeathes $20,000 to found a professorship in Tran- sylvania University, and $40,000 more to erect an edifice for its use, to be called Morrison College.$
* Davidson's Pres. Ch. in Ky., p. 308.
31
ANNALS OF KENTUCKY.
1825.
The court of appeals decides the replerin ! and endorsement law unconstitutional.
Dec. 29-Severe laws against gambling. 1824 - Heavy emigration from Ken- tueky to Illinois and Missouri.
Jan. 5-Property to be sold under ex- ecution to be valued in specie ......... The "endorsement " law amended.
Jan. 7-A botanical, agricultural, and medical garden established at Lexington, in connection with Transylvania Univer- sity ......... Another relief law, repealing the two-years replevin law, but requiring property taken in execution to be valued in gold or silver, and to bring three-fourths of such value.
Col. James Johnson, of Kentucky. ob- tains a leave from the U. S. government to prosecute the business of mining and smelting on the Upper Mississippi-which he does with a strong force and much en- terprise.
April 17-A line of stages established from Maysville, through Lexington and Frankfort, to Louisville ; trip, two days, and to Washington City in six days.
June-Four-fifths of all the steamboats on the upper Ohio river, averaging two per day each way, run through between Pittsburgh and Louisville. The remain- der make either Cincinnati or Wheeling a terminus.
June 17-Public dinner by the citizens of Lexington to Henry Clay.
Aug. 7-Vote for governor : Gen. Joseph Desha 38,378, Christopher Tompkins 22,- 499, Wm. Russell 3,900; for lieutenant- governor, Gen. Robert B. McAfee 33,482, Wm. B. Blackburn 25,382. Desha and McAfee eleeted.
Sept. 15-" Bishop" Alexander Camp- (bell, of Buffalo, Virginia, announced to preach at Maysville. Washington, Mays- lick, and Augusta, Kentucky, and at Rip- ley, Ohio, during Sept. and Oct.
Sept. 26-Death of Wm. Littell, com- piler of " Littell's Laws of Kentucky."
Oct. 15 to 23-Great debate at Washing- ton, Mason co., between Elder Alex. Campbell, Reformed Baptist, and Rev. Wm. L. McCalla, Presbyterian, on the subject of baptism.
Oct. 13-Mingo Puckshunubbe, 80 years old, and the senior chief of the Choctaw nation, while at Maysville-with a depu- tation of distinguished Choctaws, on their way to Washington City-accidentally falls over a stone wall, 20 feet high, which sup- ported the river bank, and was killed. He is buried with military honors by the larg- est concourse ever assembled at a funeral in the town.
Nov. 2-Murder, in Fleming county, about 5 miles from Maysliek, of Francis Baker, late editor of the Natehez " Mis- eissippian," while traveling on horseback to New Jersey to be married.
A hog, raised by Mr. Watson, near Germantown, Mason county, weighs 782 ponnds, nett.
Voto of Kentucky for president: Clay 17,331, Jackson 6,455.
Nov. 4-Capitol, at Frankfort, destroyed by fire. Loss $40,000. The senate meets, therefore, in the seminary, and the house of representatives in the meeting-house, both on the public square. Within a year, and while still holding it for use of the house of representatives, this meeting- house, also, is burned down, and the house transfers its sessions to the Metho- dist church. The legislature, Dec. 21, appropriates $3,000 to rebuild the meet- ing-house, or to aid in rebuilding the cap- itol, as the trustees might think "most conducive to the interest of the people of Frankfort."
Nov. 17-Gen. La Fayette, now in the Eastern states, invited by the legislature and governor, in the name of the people of Kentucky, to visit the state.
Dec. 1-Electoral vote of Kentucky cast for Henry Clay for president, and 7 votes for John C. Calhoun and 7 for Nathan Sandford for vice-president of the United States.
Dec. 14 - The valuation of taxable property to be in Commonwealth bank notes.
Dec. 24-All laws organizing the court of appeals repealed, and a new " supreme court, styled the court of appeals," with a chief justice and three associate justices, established ; salaries $2,000, in Common- wealth's bank notes ......... Center College authorized to contract with, and be under control of, the Presbyterian synod of Ken- tucky, upon the latter raising $20,000 for its benefit ......... Seminary at Bardstown, sustained by Roman Catholic clergymeu, incorporated as St. Joseph's College.
The winter remarkably mild, and weather from Dec. to March mostly warm sunshine. Transylvania University has 320 stu- dents-of which 18 in the Law, and 184 in the Medical school.
1825, Jan. 10-Only one public printer to be' cliosen, instead of two, as during several years past.
Jan. 11-The legislature, by resolution, claims the power, under art. iv, sec. 2. of the constitution, by a two-thirds vote, to remove from office, by address to the gov- ernor, any judge for mere error of judicial opinion and decision, if it shall infliet upon the community such injury as the legislature may deem " reasonable cause " for removal .... . Representatives in con- gress requested to vote for Gen. Andrew Jackson for president ......... Portrait of La Fayette, to be painted by Matthew II. Jouett, ordered for the hall of the house of representatives.
Jan. 12-Louisville and Portland canal incorporated, with capital of $600,000, in $100 shares.
Jan. 15-Wm. T. Barry appointed chief justice, and James Haggin, John Trimble, and B. W. Patton ( who was succeeded by Rezin H. Davidge) associate judges, of the " new court " of appeals.
Jan. 28-Chief justice John Boyle, and judges Wm. Owsley and Benj. Mills, of the "old court " of appeals, open session
32
ANNALS OF KENTUCKY.
1826.
in Frankfort. Feb. 5 they publish an ad- dress to the people of Kentucky.
Feb. 5-Francis P. Blair appointed clerk of the new court. Attachment issued against Achilles Sneed, clerk of the old court, for the papers and records of court- which he refuses to deliver; whereupon, officers of the new court break into his office, and carry them off.
Feb. 7-The new court fines Achilles Sneed £10 for not complying with attach- ment of court .. .. The grand jury of Franklin county indict the new court of appeals, from chief justice to tipstaff, for trespass upon Achilles Sneed's office.
1825, Feb. 11-Death of Benj. W. Pat- ton, of Hopkinsville, 4th judge of the new court of appeals. Rezin Davidge ap- pointed to succeed him.
March 5-Steamboat William Penn ar- rives at Maysville from Pittsburgh, 460 miles, in 32 hours-the quickest trip ever made to that date.
March-Grand juries in Montgomery, Garrard, Franklin, Union, and other coun- ties, present the majority in the recent legislature for a violation of the supreme law of the state, in re-organizing the ap- pellate court.
Meetings, numerously attended, and held at the county seats of every county, and in many other precincts, both con- demnatory and approving of the late dis- organizing aet. Great excitement upon the "old court " and "new court " ques- tion.
March 28-Robert J. Breckinridge, in the Fayette circuit court, before Judge Jesse Bledsoe, moves to admit Madison C. Johnson to practice as an attorney and counselor at law, under a license granted by Judges Boyle and Owsley, of the " old court " of appeals, since the disorganizing act. Motion overruled, the court refusing to hear argument.
April-Henry Clay burnt in effigy, in a number of places outside of the state of Kentucky, for voting in congress for John Quincy Adams for President, instead of for Andrew Jackson. A letter of Dr. Daniel Drake says Mr. Clay, before leav- ing for Washington in Nov., 1824, re- peatedly told him of his intention thus to vote.
April 22-Great fire at Washington, Ky., at 2 p. M. ; 13 buildings, including two taverns and much other property, dc- stroyed. In 52 minutes from the time the messenger leaves Washington to give the aların and appeal for help in Maysville, 4 miles distant, over. a very steep, danger- ous, and rough road, the Maysville fire engine and citizens are at work on the fire.
May 8-Gen. La Fayette visits Louis- ville, and is enthusiastically received by Revolutionary officers and soldiers, by the citizens en masse, and by the city authori- ties ......... 14 - He arrives at Frankfort, where he is met by seven military coin- panies and a cavaleade of citizens, and a | judge of the U. S. supreme court. grand dinner and public ball are given in -
honor ......... 15-He visits Versailles, Lex- ington, and then on to Cincinnati, and up the Ohio river.
May 21-Gen. La Fayette, and his son, Col. George Washington La Fayette, and the governor of Ohio, reach Maysville, on the steamer Herald. Enthusiastic recep- tion and ovation.
May 24-Publie dinner to Henry Clay, at Maysville, on his return homeward from Washington City. Many public dinners and receptions, at Lexington, Winchester, Nicholasville, Russellville, Lancaster, Richmond, and elsewhere, and other outpourings of the public confidence and sympathy, during this year, because of the slanderous " bargain and intrigue " accusations.
Aug .- 65 "old court" and 35 "new court" representatives chosen. The sen- ate, including those holding over, stands : 17 old court to 21 new court, but several of the latter are pledged to vote for a re- peal of the re-organizing law.
Nov. 6-Col. Solomon P. Sharp assas- sinated at his own door, in Frankfort, by Jeroboam O. Beauchamp ......... 10 - The legislature offers a reward of $3,000 for the detection, apprehension, and convic- tion of the assassin.
Dec. 9-James Davidson elected state treasurer .... . Day of the annual meet- ing of the legislature changed from the first Monday in Nov. to the first Monday in Dec ......... 14-Committees appointed to devise measures to settle the difficulties in relation to the court of appeals, but noth- ing accomplished.
Dec. 28-Gen. James Wilkinson dies, near the city of Mexico-after having se- eured a grant from the Mexican govern- ment of a large body of land in Texas.
1826, Jan .- The Louisville and Port- land eanal contracted to be completed by Oct., 1827, for about $370,000.
After several trials, the governor, on June 18, 1827, " granted a pardon to Isaac B. Desha, who stood charged. in Harri- son co., with the murder of Francis Ba- ker ;" so says the executive journal.
Extensive revivals begin, extending through nearly all the churches of Ken- tueky, in the years 1826-7-8-9. During the last two of these years are over 4.000 additions to the Presbyterian churches alone.
April 8-Duel at Washington City, be- tween Henry Ciay, of Kentucky, secre- tary of state, and John Randolph, U. S. senator from Virginia. Mr. Clay chal- lenged, for words which he considered of- fensive and applied personally to him, spoken by Randolph in the senate. Clay fired twice, and Randolph once, without effeet. The second time, Randolph fired in the air, and called out that he declined to fire at Mr. Clay. This maguanimity caused a prompt reconciliation.
May-Robert Trimble, U. S. district judge for Ky., appointed an associate
July 7-Jeroboam O. Beauchamp hung, at
33
ANNALS OF KENTUCKY.
1827.
Frankfort, for the murder of Col. Solomon ; sage, notifies the legislature that the pub- P. Sharp. He and his wife, who staid with him in jail, at 11 o'clock, attempted to commit suicide by stabbing themselves with a case-knife ; her wound was mortal, and she was removed to a room in the jail- er's house and died in two or three hours. They were determined to die together, and had taken laudanum on the night of the 5th, but without success; and took no nourishment afterwards.
July 18-Death of ex-governor Isaac Shelby.
Aug. 1-James Clark, of Clark county -- the judge who gave the first decision against the constitutionality of the relief laws-is elected to Congress (to succeed Henry Clay), by 975 majority over Maj. Herman Bowmar, of Woodford.
Aug. 9-56 " old court " and 46 " new court " representatives elected ; the new senate stands 21 " old court " and 17 " new court."
Aug. 11-Eliza Hart Clay, daughter of Henry Clay, while on her way to Wash- ington City with her father, is taken siek and dies, at Lebanon, Ohio.
Oct. 1-At the Maysville Jockey Club races, in a sweepstake, mile heats, best three in five, Jenkins' sorrel mare distances the field on the third heat, in 1:36-the fast- est time on record. She makes the first heat in 1:43, and the second in 1:4212. [The track was measured, and fell 80 yards short of a mile.]
Salt wells dug on Green river, in Casey county.
Bones of a mammoth found, 40 feet below the surface, in digging a well three miles from Danville.
Oct. 10-Of the 81 counties in the state, 32 are what have since been called " pauper counties "-i. e., their expenses exceed the revenue they pay to the state. In five counties this excess is less than $50 each, and in 7 others less than $100 each.
Nov-John Boyle accepts the appoint- ment of judge of the U. S. district court for Kentucky .. John Trimble, late one of the "new court" judges, clected to the house of representatives from Harrison county, to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Sam- uel Griffith ......... Large cmigration from Kentucky to Missouri.
Nov. 17-Kept as a day of thanksgiv- ing, humiliation, and prayer, by the Pres- byterian churches in Kentucky.
Dec. 1-Resolutions of Martin P. Mar- shall, in the house of representatives-de- claring that the governor, lieutenant-gov- ernor, judges of both old and new courts of appeals, senators and representatives, ought to resign, so that by a new election on the 1st of May the people might settle the reorganizing question according to their own will, and thus restore peace and harmony to a distracted state-are adopted by 75 to 16, not a party vote. Dec. 15, they are voted down in the senate by 21 to 16, a strict party vote, the " new court" opposing it.
lic expenditures for the ensuing year are estimated at $143,283 ; and that in conse- quence of the assessments being made at specie value, the depreciation in value of the Commonwealth bank paper, in which the taxes are paid, the falling off of the profits of said bank, and other causes, there would probably be a deficit in the treasury of $39,283. He recommends the invest- ment of the school fund then in the bank of the Commonwealth, the proceeds of the sales of vacant lands, the state stock in said bank and in the bank of Kentucky, and all other funds which can be raised otherwise than by directly taxing the peo- ple, be invested in building turnpikes from Maysville to Lexington, from Lexington through Frankfort to Louisville, from Frankfort or Louisville toward Nashville, and other roads ; and that the dividends from these roads " be forever sacredly de- voted to the interests of education."
Dec. 14-Ohio river lower than ever known at this season.
Dec. 20-John Trimble and Rezin Da- vidge, of the new court judges, resign ; and the governor and senate appoint Frederick W. S. Grayson and Robert P. Henry to fill the vacancies. Mr. Grayson refused the position, and in April, 1826, the Governor appointed James D. Breck- inridge, of Louisville, who also declining, John T. Johnson, of Scott, was appointed, and took his seat on the bench. As lately as April 5, 1826, Mr. Henry (who was a member of congress, and in his seat when congress adjourned, May 22) had not been officially notified of his appointment; and died Aug. 23, 1826, without accepting or acting as appellate judge.
Dec. 30-Act establishing the new court of appeals repealed, notwithstanding the veto of Gov. Desha, by yeas 22, nays 13 in the senate, and yeas 56, nays 43 in the house. [Among the latter is the name of John Trimble, late one of the new court ¡judges.] The act recites, in substance, that the old court judges could only be re- moved by impeachment or address, not by legislative act abolishing or reorganizing the court ; that the people, at two suc- cessive elections, had decided the reorgan- izing acts to be dangerous violations of the constitution ; and the present legislature concur most solemnly in the belief of the unconstitutionality and evil tendency of said acts ; that John Boyle (until he re- signed to become U. S. judge) and Wm. Owsley and Benj Mills were and are now rightful and constitutional judges of said court. The act revives, re-cnacts, and de- clares to be in full force every law which was repealed, or changed, or intended to be repealed by the said reorganizing acts.
1827, Jan. 1-Francis Preston Blair, clerk of the " new court," in response to an order of the old court of appeals, de- livers over to their elerk the books, records and papers in his custody. .. The " Ken- tucky Reporter" newspaper at Lexington,
Dec. 4-Gov. Desha, in his annual mes- | begins a semi-weekly issue, in addition to I ... 3
34
ANNALS OF KENTUCKY.
1828.
its weekly .. .. Upwards of 70,000 Ken- tucky hogs driven out of the state through Cumberland Gap, and about 40,000 by the Kanhawa route, this season; will net $660,000 .. ... Ohio river very low, and frozen over; thermometer 4º below zero . Steam Oil mill of Geo. & Amos Cor- wine, at Maysville, makes 40 gallons per day of linseed oil ........ 4-George M. Bibb nominated chief justice of Kentucky, vice John Boyle resigned ; the senate confirms the appointment, 21 to 17, (five "old court" members voting for it) ....... .. 6-Trustees of certain seminaries authorized to sell lands, and with the proceeds erect semina- ry-buildings, and apply any surplus to purchasing libraries ......... .. 12-After un- successful efforts to remove the capital to Lexington, Louisville, Shelbyville, Har- rodsburg, or some other point within 25 miles of the center of the state, the legisla- ture appropriates $20,000 for rebuilding the state-house at Frankfort ........ House defeats a bill requiring the new court judges-those "pretending to be judges, by virtue of " certain acts-to refund the sums drawn from the public treasury by way of salary, and suit to be brought to compel same, viz : Wm. T. Barry, James Haggin and John Trimble each $1312, and Rezin Davidge $1175, the sergeant Richard Taylor $161, and reporter Thos. B. Monroe $373. 18-Dr. Holley re- signs the presidency of Transylvania Uni- versity ........ 22-Maysville and Lexing- ton turnpike road company incorporated ; right reserved for the U. S. government and the state of Kentucky each to sub- scribe $100,000 of stock ......... 24-Lands of Simon Kenton, hitherto forfeited for non- payment of taxes, released to him, and taxes remitted to him by the state. Certain relief laws repealed ......... 30-Ice in Ohio river breaks up, after forming a perfect bridge for nearly five weeks.
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