USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Westford > Town of Westford annual report 1886-1895 > Part 38
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8
It has been too much of a custom to read the School Report and then put it aside with little thought and no action, but all through the country the people are awakening to educational mat- ters ; and where it used to be the usual routine, when economy was desired, to put the pruning knife to the schools, now the order, we are happy to say, is to spare the schools and vote sufficient to make them equal to any. Westford has no desire to be otherwise than equal to any, for the first question asked by a new comer is, " What kind of schools have you?" And we, in order to get our share of new citizens, must be able to say, " We have equal to the best." A piece of advice given in the Old Farmer's Almanac under March, 1894, and copied in the Concord report, is sound and to the point :
" The farmer should not neglect to attend the annual town meeting and to vote every time for good schools and good roads ; the former will benefit him by giving his children a good education, and will make the town a better place to live in, and thus increase the value of his farm; the latter will increase the profits of his farm by decreasing the cost of transportation of farm products. The farmer should take an active part at town meetings, because, as a rule, the burden of taxes bears harder on him than on those. who follow other professions."
Our expense account for teachers' salaries alone is $130.00 per week, and 36 weeks would use up $4680.00 of our $4800.00 appro- priation, leaving only $120.00 towards the fuel and janitor funds, necessitating a cutting down of the school year and a false economy on teachers' salaries.
As you see from the financial statement below, the funds have been overdrawn $79.02. There has been a deficit each year. Last year, as is noted by this year's statement, there was a balance of $94.93. This was not real, but rather misleading, for there were out- standing accounts of between $100.00 and $200.00, thus really making a deficit. This year, even with the use of the rebate from the State, there is a deficit, and as that fund has been made special now for instruction in vocal music the deficiency would be even larger another year. A larger amount of money is actually needed and an appropriation of $5200.00 is recommended.
9
FINANCIAL STATEMENT, 1894.
RECEIPTS.
Appropriation $4,800 00
Massachusetts School Fund .. 278 06
Rebate from State on account of district superintendency 225 00
Balance from 1893
94. 93
$5,397 99
EXPENSES
Teachers' salaries $4,669 75
Janitor services, cleaning, etc
293 50
Fuel
513 76
Overdrawn, $79.02. $5,477 01
APPROPRIATION FOR TEXT BOOKS AND SCHOOL SUPPLIES.
Appropriation
$350 00
Paid bills of year 1893
$ 73 54
Paid bills of year 1894. 403 56
$477 10
$350 00
Overdrawn, $127.10.
ESTIMATES, 1895.
Appropriation for schools $5,200 00
Text books and supplies 450 00. Transportation .
100 00
Respectfully submitted.
A. J. ABBOT,
A. R. CHOATE, F. H. HILDRETH, ALTA M. TAYLOR, ALFRED WOODBURY, W. J. SLEEPER,
School Committee.
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
To the School Committee of Westford:
My second annual report, herewith respectfully submitted, treats upon the following topics : Work of the Year, Course of Study, Change in Law Regarding Attendance, State Teachers' Examinations, Needs of the Schools, and Consolidation of Schools. Following these are the Roll of Honor, List of Teach- ers, and Table of Statistics.
WORK OF THE YEAR.
ATTENDANCE.
The whole number of different pupils, 466, is more than last year ; the average attendance, 313, is ten less. The per cent. of attendance is 91.8, a slight gain. It is to be regretted that the tardinesses have increased in number to 1292, or four on the average for each pupil in attendance ; the cases of dismissal, how- ever, are less, being 498, so that the total time lost is probably less than last year. All honor to those who have done their best, and very many have, but certainly the number of tardy marks can, and ought to be, greatly reduced another year.
The visits, 65 by the Committee, and 804 by parents and friends, are more numerous than last year, and have been a source of much profit. Our schools need criticism - kindly criticism, to be sure ; and, if at any time severe, it should be by those who have gathered their facts from personal observation in the schools.
The banner for best attendance has been won three times by the Lyon School, and once each by the Forge Grammar, Nabnas- set, Long-Sought-For, Parkerville, Centre Grammar, and Minot's Corner Schools.
SCHOOL HOURS.
The morning session is from 8.45 to 11.45; the afternoon from I o'clock to 3.45. The adoption of these hours seems to have been attended with good results.
11
SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS.
Of the fifteen schools in Town, twelve have the same teachers as a year ago. Quiet and uninterrupted progress has thus been the rule. Teachers have responded loyally to the Superintendent's efforts to help them, have taken pride in their work and interest in their pupils, and have been desirous of self-improvement. Two spent several weeks at the Vineyard Summer School for Teachers, and have given evidence of the great benefit received.
It is a pleasure, though a sad one, to pay tribute here to the memory of Miss Lillian B. Hammond, who taught with great acceptance at the Lyon School last year. She resigned to take up kindergarten work in Lowell, where she died early in the present school-year. Her life was heroic ; her character pure, conscien- tious, devoted, winsome ; her work as a teacher, marvelous in its power to make character ; her memory, to those who knew her, is as a " benediction after prayer."
TEACHERS' MEETINGS.
At these monthly meetings school matters in general have been considered, but more particularly the course of study. Among other topics special attention has been given to pedagogy. and penmanship.
The study of "the child " is attracting much attention, and some familiarity with the simple facts of mind and their appli- cations in teaching is quite essential to successful schoolroom work, and to an understanding of current educational literature.
In penmanship an effort has been made to discover the reason for poor results, so generally acknowledged, and to apply a remedy that should make possible both legibility and rapidity. The so-called natural movement method has been taught in the teachers' meetings and the movements drilled upon in the schools. Prof. C. R. Wells, author of the inethod, spent one afternoon with our teachers, and by his instruction contributed much toward placing this branch of our work upon a hopeful basis.
That these meetings are of great value and worth all the time spent by the teachers in attending them is shown by the difference to be observed between the teaching in schools where the teachers attend regularly, and in those few wliere, because of remoteness of location or for other cause, the teachers attend but occasionally.
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COURSE OF STUDY.
The course of study has been undergoing a thorough revision. The course of study for each year has been printed upon two closely written pages of letter size. Each teacher's desk and that of the Secretary of the School Committee have been furnished with a set, fastened in suitable covers made expressly for the purpose. Teachers will be pleased to show these courses of study to visitors upon the schools.
BOOK-KEEPING
Has been given the arithmetic time for the first half of the winter term :
Fifth Grade-Making out bills and receipts.
Sixth Grade-Simple cash accounts.
Seventh Grade-Simple ledger accounts.
This time is spent to quite as good advantage as if given exclu- sively to arithmetic. Book-keeping requires the constant use of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, common and deci- mal fractions, U. S. money and compound numbers. Indeed, this study may be called practical arithmetic, and modern text books in arithmetic give considerable attention to book-keeping.
LITERATURE.
Patriotic poems have been assigned to the several grades for memorizing : "America," "Barbara Frietchie," " Hail Colum- bia," " Star Spangled Banner," "Independence Bell," "Landing of the Pilgrim Fathers," and " Paul Revere's Ride." Historical, geographical, and legendary poems have been correlated with the work of each year. Books have been assigned for the teacher to read to the children. A number of the Cary and Longfellow poems have been assigned to each of the lower grades. Class reading in literature has been arranged to take the place of the so-called reading books as fast as new books are needed. Scud- der's Fables and Folk Stories is assigned to the third year ; Grimm's Fairy Tales to the fourth year; Hans Andersen's Stories, Hawthorne's Grandfather's Chair, and Longfellow's Hiawatha, to the fifth year.
The sixth year is especially a Longfellow year,- Evangeline, Miles Standish, and Longfellow Leaflets, with a birthday exercise Hawthorne's Wonder Book is also read.
13
The seventh year is a Whittier year,- Snow Bound, Among the Hills, Tent on the Beach, and the Whittier Leaflets, with a birthday exercise. Hawthorne's Tanglewood Tales is also as- signed to this year.
A list of forty or more books has been prepared for supple- mentary out-of-school reading in the sixth and seventh years.
Rhetorical exercises have been established, each pupil partici - pating twice a term.
Such a course in literature, imperfect as it, of course, is, if pursued under the guidance of intelligent and sympathetic teachers, cannot fail to have a profound influence upon the thoughts, emotions and characters of the pupils.
GEOGRAPHY.
Frye's Primary Geography has been made the basis of the fourth and fifth year's work. Pupils observe and record the weather, and, in the upper grades, the phases of the moon, the morning and evening stars, etc., by the aid of the almanac.
NATURE STUDY
has been carefully planned, some branch for each half term. Physiology and the effects of stimulants and narcotics receive daily attention during the last half of the winter term.
CHANGE IN LAW REGARDING ATTENDANCE.
Chapter 188 of the Acts and Resolves of 1894 provides that the thirty weeks of attendance required annually of all children between the ages of eight and fourteen years, shall begin within the first month of the fall term of school, and that for each five days' of absence of any such child thereafter in excess of the two weeks' time allowed for absence not excused by the Superintendent of Schools or the School Committee, the person having such child under his control shall, upon the complaint of the School Commit- tee or any Truant Officer, forfeit to the use of the public schools a sum not exceeding twenty dollars.
STATE TEACHERS' EXAMINATION.
Chapter 329 of 1894 provides for a state examination of teachers, arrangements for the establishment of which are now being made. While in no way compulsory upon either towns or
14
teachers, it is expected to establish helpful standards and to stimu- late teachers to a better preparation for their work.
" To be eligible to the examination for the elementary grade probationary certificate, the candidate must be" a High School graduate or of equivalent training, and be either a normal graduate or have had two full years' experience in teaching. The subjects. of this examination are to be :
I. Languages: English, with elements of either Latin, French or German.
II. Mathematics : Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry.
III. History and Geography: Of Massachusetts, United States, England.
IV. Sciences : Physical Geography, Physiology, and Phys- ics ; and either Botany, Zoology, Geology, Chemistry or Astron- omy.
V. Drawing: Mechanical and Free-hand.
VI. Principles of Education : (a) Its aims and means ; (b) Psychology ; (c) Methods of teaching, including Physical Culture and Music ; (d) School management.
Experience teaches that, serious as are failures in discipline, when they occur, the burden, nevertheless, most heavy in the aggregate nnder which the schools suffer is the inadequacy of the education of those who presume to teach. While failure in control is readily ascertained and unpardonable, lack of scholarship, on the contrary, too often passes unnoticed or is condoned. Every one of the subjects included in the foregoing state examination should be acquired by those who expect to teach, or who, now teaching, wish to attest their fitness for retaining their present posi- tions. To secure the best results culture as well as character should be demanded. Both are absolutely essential.
Colonel Parker, writing in the Educational Review, says " It is not lack of method that obstructs progress in teaching; it is ignorance of subject matter on the part of teachers."
NEEDS OF THE SCHOOLS.
I. Thirty-six weeks of school each year-one more than at present.
2. Ten dollars a week salary for teachers in the larger and more important schools.
15
Whenever vacancies shall occur in these schools, teachers of suitable training and experience will not be able to be secured for a less salary. Graduates of the Academy should be encouraged to add normal training to their qualifications for teaching, but such training, costing time and money, can hardly be expected, except as its value shall be recognized by the payment of larger salaries.
An increase of four hundred dollars in the general appropria- tion would be needed to carry the foregoing recommendations into effect.
3. The appropriation for books and supplies should be enlarged.
The last State School Report shows that the length of the school-year and the rate of wages paid by Westford are much below the average, so much below that in Middlesex County only one town having as many schools as Westford pays as low average wages ; and the fact that in that town the school year was forty weeks long, making the teachers' annual salary larger than with us, places Westford at the foot of the list for towns having as many schools.
CONSOLIDATION OF SCHOOLS.
Westford has eight village schools and seven small outlying schools. In towns thus situated much attention is being given to the advantages to be derived from closing the out-schools and transporting the pupils to the village schools.
From correspondence with the school committees of twenty towns where this policy has been in vogue during the present year, the following facts have been collated, which it is hoped may prove helpful to the citizens of Westford in their deliberations for the improvement of their own schools :
I. The average amount appropriated for transportation, $744.
2. The average number of schools closed, per town, 3.
3. Average number of pupils transported, per town, 46.
4. Average greatest distance, 3 miles ; shortest, I 1-3.
5. As to how small a school should become before being closed, the average answer was II.
6. In all these towns the smaller pupils were transported as well as the larger ones, 83 per cent. reporting with good success, others fair.
16
7. Eighty-eight per cent. reported less exposure to pupils than when they walked to the schools in their own districts.
8. Better progress in studies is reported unanimously. Also better heating. Better ventilation, too, save in one instance.
9. Seventy-five per cent. reported the expense per pupil less than formerly. Eighty-three per cent. reported less expense for fuel.
IO. Ninety per cent. report that, on the whole, in actual practice, they find the plan a wise one.
Comments upon the success of the system were made as follows :
I. Better interest, better attendance, less tardiness.
2. Better control over pupils. Contact with finer culture. We hope to extend the plan to the other schools.
3. Has been a great success here. Financially a great suc- cess. The way these isolated children brighten up is wonderful. There is no argument that can be advanced in opposition.
4. We have asked for $335 for transporting pupils this year and think we shall get it.
5. Pupils are not tardy as before. Being graded, much bet- ter work is done.
6. Children become more civilized. Trouble with parents at first.
7. Save $448. a year. We are more than pleased with the success. Can grade better. The teacher does better work with a larger school.
8. Worked well ; citizens do not favor it. We want a school at our door. Citizens say we shall soon have a change.
9. The only point to be urged is the better education of pupils.
IO. Broader companionship. Better proceed cautiously.
II. Better morals and manners.
I2. This Town is decidedly against transportation, though the Committee favor it.
13. Less " rusticus " about country boys and girls.
14. Better progress in singing and drawing.
15. Far better for children to be in larger schools.
16. More interest, enthusiasm, progress.
17. This Committee are in favor of consolidation, first, last, and all the time. A schoolhouse in every man's door-yard is the bane of our country schools.
17
IS. We have abolished the district system and transport all outskirts.
19. Larger classes ; more emulation.
20. Supplies will be more usefully applied.
CONCLUSION.
In conclusion, my thanks are due to the Committee and to the teachers for the large degree of consideration and helpfulness shown me through the year.
EDMUND P. BARKER,
Superintendent of Schools.
ROLL OF HONOR, 1894=5.
The figures denote the number of terms neither absent nor tardy.
CENTRE GRAMMAR.
Annie Harris, 2.
Albert Harris, 2.
Ruth Tuttle, 2. Edith Wright, I.
Alberta Wilson, I.
Frank Wright, I.
Alfred Taylor, I.
Archie Hartford, I. Willie Millis, I. Albert Heywood, I.
CENTRE PRIMARY.
Aaron Tuttle, 3. Charlotte Prescott, 2. Robert Prescott, 2. Marguerite Banister, 2. Leroy Hartford, I. Allan Whitney, I.
STONY BROOK.
Edward Decatur, I. John Taylor, I.
FORGE GRAMMAR.
Beverly Morton, I. Willie Morton, I. Edward Hanley, I. Emily Catchpole, I. Garfield Berry, I.
FORGE PRIMARY.
Alice Berry, I. Orra Darling, 2. Archie Whigham, I.
May Lord, I. Joseph Connell, I. Harry Snider, I.
NASHOBA.
Grace Richardson, I. Emma Castell, I. Emma Flagg, I. Cora Flagg, I.
John Hutchinson, I. Willie McDonald, I. Mabel McDonald, I.
PARKERVILLE.
Ethel Woodbury, 2. Ethel Adams, I. Lillian Brown, I.
MINOT'S CORNER.
Inez Burnham, 2 Hamilton Whitney, I. Eva Burnham, I. Willie Bicknell, I. Freddie Bicknell, I.
LONG-SOUGHT-FOR. Leonard Dane, I. Julia Burke, 2. Katie Burke, 2.
19
NABNASSET.
Nellie Taylor, 3.
Herbert Ingalls, 2.
Charles Taylor, 2.
Elmer Trull, I.
Charles Trull, I. Nellie Felch, I. Grace Felch, I. Alma Agnew, I.
LYON.
Edwin Gould, 2.
Charles Blodgett, I.
Fred Blodgett, I.
George Couture, I.
Alex Couture, I.
Willie Wyman, I.
Luella Wright, I.
Lillian Wright, I. Clarence Wright, I.
GRANITEVILLE GRAMMAR.
Annie Davie, I.
Mabel Moran, I. Flora Palmer, I. Fred Reed, I. Ellsworth York, I.
GRANITEVILLE INTERMEDIATE
Cornelia Kierstead, 2.
Alice Sheahan, 2.
Esther Grant, I.
Katie Leland, I.
Etta Sheahan, I.
Herbert Shattuck, I.
John Healy, I. Sophia Gower, I.
Bertha McLenna, I.
Austin Healy, I.
Jennie Greenberg, I.
Maud Carkin, I.
GRANITEVILLE UP. PRIMARY.
Edward Riney, 2.
Eva Craven, 2.
Gertrude Fosdick, I.
Willie Murphy, I. Frank Charlton, I.
GRANITEVILLE LOW. PRIMARY.
John Grieg, 3. Arthur Callahan, I.
George Petherick, I.
Willie Wall, I.
Stephen Callahan, I.
James Haley, I.
Eddie Champaie, I .
LIST OF TEACHERS.
SCHOOLS.
TEACHERS.
APPOINTED.
EDUCATED.
SALARY .
Centre Grammar ..
. A. Mabelle Drew .
Sept. 1890.
.
Bridgewater Normal, 1890.
$9 00
Centre Primary . ...
Fannie Prescott ..
Apr. 1892.
Westford Academy ..
9 00
Grace C. Litchfield .
Apr. 1893.
Westford Academy, 1892 ..
Stony Brook ...
Fannie Blood .. .
Sept. 1894. . ·
Lawrence Academy.
9 00
Grace A. Nichols.
Oct.
1894.
Onawa (Ia.) High School ..
9 00
Forge Primary . .
Alice J. Bunce ...
Sept. 1892.
IWorcester Normal ..
9 00
S Clara L. Hammond.
Sept. 1893.
Acton High School, 1890.
8 00
Parkerville. .
.
·
.
Framingham Normal, 1888.
8 00
Minot's Corner.
Julia M. Chamberlin. .
Jan. 1893
Westford Academy, 1892.
8 00
Nabnasset. ..
Lizzie A. Winship.
Sept. 1874. .
Framingham Normal, 1874.
9 00
Long-Sought-For.
Annie F. Dower.
Sept. 1893. ·
Hingham High School ..
8 00
Lyon ....
Bertha A. Swain ...
Sept. 1894. . .
Bradford Academy . .
Issie A. Parker ..
Apr. 1885.
Westford Academy, 1881
9 00
Flora B. Blood ..
(Substitute Fall.) ..
Lawrence Academy, 1889.
Graniteville Intermediate .. ..
Annie E. Wilson ...
Sept. 1889. .
Westford Academy, 1888.
9 00
Graniteville Upper Primary. Mabel L. Baldwin.
Sept. 1891. .
Worcester Normal, 1891 ..
9 00
Graniteville Lower Primary. Anne Carmichael ..
.
Sept. 1891. .
Westford Academy, 1891.
9 00
·
.
.
·
.
·
Dec. 1894.
Bridgewater Normal, 1894 ..
.
.
·
·
.
·
.
·
.
.
.
Forge Grammar .
Flora A. Whitcomb ..
Apr. 1890.
Stow High School, 1886.
Nashoba ..
Grace H. Manter ...
E. Grace Butterfield.
Apr. 1892.
Green Mountain Seminary, 1890 ..
8 00
Lillian B. Hammond.
Dec. 1892.
Graniteville Grammar ....
.
SCHOOL STATISTICS, 1894-5.
SCHOOLS.
Grades.
Weeks of school.
Whole number of dif-
Average membership.
Average attendance.
Per cent. of attend-
Pupils under five.
Pupils between five
and fifteen.
and fourteen.
Pupils over fifteen.
Half days of absence.
Tardinesses.
Tardiness per pupil,
based on average
attendance.
Dismissals.
Visits by Committee.
:Visits by Supt.
Visits by others.
1
1
Centre Grammar.
5-7
35
24
21.2
20.0
94.3
23
21
434
46
2.3
46
7
15
79
1
Centre Primary .
1-3
35
38
26.2
23.2
SS.9
26
11
1,071
109
4.6
28
4
13
103
Stony Brook .. .
1-6
34.8
34
26.7
22.9
85.8
33
18
1
1,316
108
4.7
36
7
14
35
Forge Grammar
4-6
34
39
22.1
20.4
92.3
00
34
1
583
191
9.3
21
5
14
37
3
Forge Primary.
1-3
35
54
39.3
37.3
94.9
51
19
0
695
207
5.5
26
2
15
40
1
Nashoba ..
1-6
35
20
16.9
15.3
91.1
18
12
2
510
52
3.4
49
6
12
44
Parkerville ..
1-7
35
13
10.1
9.3
92.8
13
11
0
291
6
0.6
39
3
12
18
6
Minot's Corner ..
1-5
35
-1
12.1
10.7
SS.4
17
12
0
505
22
20
0
1
12
24
Nabnasset. ..
1-6
35
28
21.9
20.8
95.0
25
17
1
389
30
1.4
16
4
13
19
S
Long-Sought-For
35
14
10.9
10.2
93.3
12
9
1
257
85
8.3
26
3
12
28
9
Lyon . .
1-4
33
20
15.8
15.0
95.0
20
13
0
289
31
2.0
4.2
99
3
16
67
10
Graniteville Grammar. .
5-7
35
48
20.1
19.1
95.0
39
30
9
714
00
.
.
3-4
35
39
31.5
28.5
90.5
39
39
0
1.042
152
5.3
57
16
103
10
Graniteville Intermediate. . . ..
35
34
29.8
27.5
92.6
34
15
0
796
79
2.8
3
16
41
10
Graniteville Lower Primary ...
1
35
44
35.9
32.2
89.7
44
0
1,128
93
2.8
00
4
16
71
For 1894-95.
521.8
466
341
313
91.8
7
432 431
266 290
16
10,020 11,182
1292 S36
4.1 2.5
498 613
47
133
738
516.4
445
355
323
91.0
4
10
For 1893-94.
. .
.
.
·
.
.
.
1-7
13
65
10
Graniteville Upper Primary . ..
2
65
209
ance.
1
OHO
OH
2
3
OCOOCHNOCOCO
Pupils between eight
Districts.
ferent pupils.
ANNUAL REPORTS
- OF THE -
TOWN OFFICERS OF THE
TOWN OF WESTFORD
- FOR THE -
YEAR ENDING MARCH 1, 1896.
· ALSO -
TOWN WARRANT FOR ANNUAL TOWN MEETING
TO BE HELD MARCH 16, 1896.
F
WES
TOWN
FORD
C
1729.
ORPORATED
23
T.
SEP
LOWELL, MASS .: COURIER-CITIZEN COMPANY, PRINTERY. 1896.
ـ34
ANNUAL REPORTS
OF THE -
TOWN OFFICERS
- OF THE -
TOWN OF WESTFORD
- FOR THE -
YEAR ENDING MARCH 1, 1896. ALSO -
TOWN WARRANT FOR ANNUAL TOWN MEETING TO BE HELD MARCH 16, 1896.
OF
WESTFO
TOWN
RD
INCORPO
1729.
3
SEP'T.
LOWELL, MASS .: COURIER-CITIZEN COMPANY, PRINTERS, 1896.
OFFICERS OF THE TOWN OF WESTFORD, 1895.
Town Clerk. GILMAN J. WRIGHT.
Selectmen.
GEORGE W. HEYWOOD,
JULIAN A. CAMERON, Sec.,
SHERMAN H. FLETCHER, Chairman,
Term expires March, 1896 Term expires March, 1897 Term expires March, 1898
Assessors.
WILLIAM H. H. BURBECK,
Term expires March, 1896 Term expires March, 1897
SAMUEL L. TAYLOR,
GEORGE H. HARTFORD, Chairman,
Term expires March, 1898
Overseers of the Poor.
ALVIN G. POLLEY, Term expires March, 1896 HAMMETT D. WRIGHT, Sec., Term expires March, 1897 WAYLAND F. BALCH, Chairman, Term expires March, 1898
Town Treasurer. NAHUM H. WRIGHT.
Collector of Taxes. WALTER C. WRIGHT.
Auditor. ARTHUR B. PLIMPTON.
ISAAC E. DAY.
Constables.
EUGENE DEROEHN.
ALVIN G. POLLEY,
Fence Viewers. LEWIS C. DANE, ALMON S. VOSE.
Measurers of Wood and Bark and Surveyors of Lumber. THOMAS E. SYMMES, HORACE E. GOULD, W. W. JOHNSON, JOHN A. HEALY.
Sealer of Weights and Measures. TRUE A. BEAN.
4
Registrars of Voters.
NELSON L. TUTTLE, Chairman, Term expires April 30, 1896 QUINCY W. DAY, . Term expires April 30, 1897
OSCAR R. SPALDING,
Term expires April 30, 1898 GILMAN J. WRIGHT, Clerk, Ex-Officio.
Superintendent of Streets. BENJAMIN F. DAY. Inspectors of Animals and Provisions.
GEORGE T. DAY, ALBERT P. RICHARDSON.
The foregoing officers have all been sworn; of the following, only those marked by a star.
Field Driver. CHARLES M. GRIFFIN.
School Committee.
FRANK H. HILDRETH, Term expires March, 1896
ALFRED WOODBURY, Term expires March, 1896
*ABIEL J. ABBOT, Chairman, ·
Term expires March, 1897
*WAI TER J. SLEEPER, Secretary. Term expires March, 1897
*ALBERT R. CHOATE, Term expires March, 1898
*ALTA M. TAYLOR, Term expires March, 1898
No oath was required of members elected prior to 1894.
Weighers of Coal.
*C. E. WHIDDEN, HENRY HEALY, *E. H. WHIDDEN, * MINOT A. BEAN,
*J. M. FLETCHER, *JOHN A. HEALY, *W. H. JOHNSON.
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