USA > Oregon > Douglas County > History of southern Oregon, comprising Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, Curry and Coos counties, comp. from the most authentic sources > Part 1
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USA > Oregon > Josephine County > History of southern Oregon, comprising Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, Curry and Coos counties, comp. from the most authentic sources > Part 1
USA > Oregon > Coos County > History of southern Oregon, comprising Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, Curry and Coos counties, comp. from the most authentic sources > Part 1
USA > Oregon > Curry County > History of southern Oregon, comprising Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, Curry and Coos counties, comp. from the most authentic sources > Part 1
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Gc 979.5 W15h 1204369
M. L:
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01103 6784
Joseph Jane
HISTORY
-OF-
SOUTHERN OREGON,
COMPRISING
JACKSON, JOSEPHINE. DOUGLAS CURRY AND COOS
COUNTIES,
COMPILED FROM THE MOST AUTHENTIC SOURCES.
PUBLISHED BY
A. G. WALLING,
1884.
PORTLAND, OREGON : PRINTING AND LITHOGRAPHING HOUSE OF A. G. WALLING, CORNER FIRST AND ASH STREET'S.
1884.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1883, by A. G. Walling, in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C.
PREFACE. 1.204369
In giving these pages to the public, the publisher has been actuated by the laud- able ambition to materially aid in a great work-the preservation in historical form or the fast-fading annals of Oregon. The history of this great state, the story of its struggles and triumphs, has never been written; nor can it be until the annals of each section have been carefully gathered and recorded. They are the stones, which, set in - place by the hand of a skillful builder, make the complete edifice. To gather the scat- tered threads of history ere they fall from the hands of those who have spun them, and to weave them into a complete and reliable narrative, is the arduous task the publisher has assumed; and to do this he has undertaken the work in the only manner by which this result can be accomplished.
No portion of the state exceeds in importance or historical interest that section to which the pages of this volume are specially devoted. The counties of Douglas, Jack- son, Josephine, Coos and Curry, usually referred to under the title of "Southern Oregon," are large, populous and prosperous, and their annals constitute one of the most important factors in the history of Oregon.
The work has been performed by a corps of able writers, who have patiently examined every source of information, giving special attention to drawing out the tes- timony of the pioneers and actors in the scenes portrayed. Every volume touch- ing upon the subject has been carefully perused, the state and county records have been examined, the files of the earliest newspapers of the state have been searched, pioneers have been interviewed by the hundred, not only those now living in Southern Oregon, but others encountered in every section of the Pacific Coast. Pains have been taken to reconcile as nearly as possible all conflicting statements, and to do this the compilers have interview men of all shades of opinion. Whenever possible, disputed points have been decided by reference to official records and documents and the contemporaneous accounts in the newspapers. It is upon this careful investigation of all original sources of information that this volume bases its claim of being the only reliable record of the events of which it speaks. Everything previously written on these subjects has been but personal recollections, valuable to be sure, but incomplete, or was prepared for the purpose of attacking or defending some particular person, organization or theory, and is valuable, not as history, but simply as evidence from which history may be compiled. The task has been an arduous one, but it was undertaken with a full realization of its difficulty, and has been conscientiously performed. That no errors whatever should be committed could not even be hoped for; but their very scarcity and unimportant nature are evidences of the general accuracy of the work.
The publisher returns his sincere thanks for the encouragement and substantial aid extended by the state, county and city officials, the press, and the intelligent citizens generally. With these remarks he submits the volume to the thoughtful perusal of the Pioneers, the sturdy men and women who have through many years of toil, hardship and danger, bravely woven the tapestry of Oregon's history.
THE PUBLISHER.
PORTLAND, Oregon, May 15, 1884.
6
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PORTRAITS.
Applegate, Hon. Lindsay, 8 Beekman, Hon. C. C. 228
Drain, Mr. and Mrs. Hon. Chas. 432 Klippel, Henry, 452 Lane, Gen. Joseph, frontis-piece.
Lane, Mrs. Gen. Joseph, 184 MeCall, Gen. J. M., 32 Owens, Hon. J. F. W., 412 Plymale, W. J., 68 Reams, Thos. G., 100
Ross, Gen. John. E., 176 Smith, Capt. Thomas, 372 Tolman, Gen. J. C., 356 T'Vault, W. G., 296 Tichenor, Wm., 472
VIEWS.
Gurney, Mrs. E., 160
Patterson, Joshua, 292
Gurney Bros., 164
Payne, C. T., 300
Hanley, M., 172
Pershbaker, A., 304
Pelton Bros., 388
Ashland-Bird's-eye, 352
Jacksonville-Bird's-eye, 360
Pickens, E. P., 312 Plymale, F. M., 316
Barron, H. F., 36
Jones, Joseph, 192
Presbyterian Church, Jacksonville, 320
Battle Rock, 40
Lane's (Gen. Jos.) Tomb, 196
Price, J. W., 324
Beall T. F. and R. V., 44 Blanco Hotel, 48
Levens, D. A., 204
Riddle, T. S., 332
Booth, John O., 52
Love & Hanley, 168
Roseburg-Bird's-eye, 408
Brockway, B. B., 56
Roseburg Public School, 336
Brown, H. G .. 60
Magruder, Constantine, 208 Map-Coos and Curry Counties, 464 -Douglas County, 384 -Jackson County, 30S -Josephine County, 444
Marshfield-Bird's-eye, 484
Chapman, John H., So
Marshfield Mills, 212
Constant, Isaac, 84
Marshfield Church and Academy, 488
Coolidge, Orlando, 88
Mark, Frederick, 220
Court House, Roseburg, 96
Masonic Temple, Ashland, 224
Court House, Jacksonville, 92
Mathes, Wm. E., 232
Sutherlin, Fendel, 400
Coquille Mill and Tug Co., 492 Crater Lake, 104
Mcclendon, C. C., 240
DaMotta, Philip, 108
Mingus, Conrad, 244
Dodge, J. R., 112
Moon & Stanley, 248
Eagle Mills, 116
Murphy, John, 252
Elkton Mills, 120
MIyer, W. C., 256
Walton & Hayes, 424
Emmitt, John, 124
Nasburg & Hirst, 260
Ward, Frazier, 436
Fullerton, John, 128
Nichols, I. B., 264
Weaver, J. W., 440
Ganiard, O. V., 136
Nickell, Charles, 216
Ocean House, 268
O.& C. R. R .- Rock Cut, 272 -Tunnel No. 8, 276 -S. from Tunnel No.8, 280 -Grave Creek Crossing, 284 Palmer, P. P., 288
Woodruff, A. II., 468
Wright, J. W., 476 Wrisley, J. B., 480
Agee, Benj. C., 12 Aiken, Andrew G., 16 Alford, Albert, 20 Amy, Haskell, 24
Ish, Mrs. Jacob, ISO
Ashland Woolen Mfg. Co., 28
Jones, Henry, 188
Leeds, Capt. J. B., 200
Rast, John, 328
Burnett, Jas. D., 64
Cape Arago Light, 496 Cape Blanco Light, 72 Cellers, Joseph, 76
Ross, John E., 340 Sawyers, Andrew, 348 Sheffield, James F., 364 Shrum, Thomas, 368 Simpson Bros., 500 Singleton, T. J., 376 Singleton, W. B., 380 Stanton, H. C., 392 Stearnes, D. W., 396
McClellan, D. C., 236
Taylor, S. C., 404
Thomas, Richard, 428 Thornton, S. I., 416 " Times" Printing House, 216 Walker, J. P., 420
Welker, Daniel, 448 Williams, L. L., Monument, 456 Willis, Rev. W. A., 460
Gardiner Mill Co., 132 Gardner, T. K., 140 Gates, Henry, 144 Gazley, J. F., 148 Gillam, Thos. J., 152 Grubb, John L., 156
INDEX.
A
Abbott, G. H., 275, 276. Abernethy, George, 146, 148, 150, 160. Agriculture, 115, 315, 394. Aguilar, Martin de, 30, river of, 30, 49, 54, 76. Alarcon, Fernando de, explores Colo- rado river, 17. Alaska, 35, 59, 63, 65, 69, 93, 102.
Albion, New, 21, 55, Alden, Capt. B. R., 215.
Althouse creek, 455-6.
Althouse, Philip, 448, 455.
Amazons, Isle of, 14. Ambrose, Dr. G. H., 202.
American explorations, 68, 72, 75, 76, 92, 118, 126, 136, 145, 186, 301. American board of commissioners for foreign missions, 128.
American Fur Company, 118, 123, 125, 129. Angell, Martin. killed, 259.
Anian, Straits of, 13, 19, 22, 28, 35, 48, 60, 62, 75.
Applegate creek, siege of cabins, 259, 458.
Applegate trail, 148, 302-7.
Applegate, Charles, Jesse and Lindsay, 143, 148, 302, 349. Armstrong, Ben., 215. Armstrong, Pleasant, 219. Arteaga, voyage of Captain Ignacio, 62. Ashland, 214, 352, 358. Ashburton treaty, 141. Ashley, General W. H., 118.
Astor, John Jacob, 94, 106. Astoria, 96, 100, 102, 104, 105, 107.
Athabaska, lake, 81.
Augur, Captain U. S. A., 276. Avalanche, 389. B
Baffin's bay discovered, 32. Baker guards, the, 348. Baker, mount, 79. Bandon, 489. Bates' House, 228. Battle Rock, siege of, 471, 473. Bear creek, Indian fight on, 214. Beaver money, 170. Beekman, C. C. 363. Behring Straits discovered, 35, 60. Benton Senator T. H., 163, 164. Berkeley, Capt., re-discovers Straits of Fuca, 66. Big Bar, 374. Big Meadows, 266, Smith's fight at, 279, 281. Bitter-root Mountains, 86, 91. Blackburn's Ferry, fight at, 188. Blanchet, Revs. F. N. and A. M. A., 132, 136, 156, 170. Blanco, Cape, discovered, 30, 54, 76. Bledsoe, Capt., 282. Bloody Point Massacre, 204. Blue Mountains, 102, 123, 148. Bodega y Quadra, J. F. de, 52, 54. Bohemia mines, 392. Boise Fort, 125. Bonneville, Capt. B. L. E., 123, 125. Boundaries of the United States, 47, 84.
Browntown, 455. Brouillet, Father J. B. A., 158, 159. Bruce, Major James, 256, 282.
Bucareli, Port, 54. Buccaneers, 20, 22, 32, 33. Buchanan, Lieut-Col. U. S. A., 276. Buford or Beaufort, James, killed, 272. Butte creek, war upon, 258. C
Cabeza-Vaca, N. A. de, 16. Cabrillo, Juan Rodriguez, 18.
California Lower, discovery of, 15; attempts to colonize, 15, 33; Mis- sions, 38; Upper California, first exploration, 18; missions, 44.
California, Gulf of, 16, 44; population of, 46; mines, 169, 170.
Camas Prairie, 406; valley, 421. Camp Leland, 254.
Camp Stewart, 215.
Canada, 47.
Canneries, 488, 489. Canyon, emigrant suffering in the, 149. Canyonville, 425;
Carver, Jonathan, 48, 49.
Cascades of the Columbia, 87.
Cascade mountains, 148, 387.
Cascades massacre, 176.
Cascy, Lieutenant-Col. Silas, 200, 474, 475. Catching creek, 486.
Catholic Missions, 132, 135 to 137, 151. 155, 157.
Cave fight, the, 233-4.
Cayuse Indians, 89, 130, 152, 153, 156 to 165.
Census of 1849, 169.
Chapman, Lieutenant-Colonel W. W., 264-5, 268.
Chetco Indians, 271; description of, 481
Chinese, 346. Chinook Indians, 78, 87, 104.
Chipewyan, fort, ST. Cibola, fabulous city of, 16, 17.
Civil Bend, 421. Clarke's Fork of the Columbia, 86.
Clatsop, fort, 87.
Clearwater river, 86.
Cleveland, 428.
Climate, 299. Cluggage, James, 359. Coal, 394, 493.
Coats, Onsby and Long murdered, 205.
Coast Indians, 271.
Coast Mail newspaper, 494.
Coast Range mountains, 389. Cockstock killed at Oregon City, 154. Cole's valley, 426-7.
Colorado river, 16, 17, 118, 119, 123. Columbia river, 49, 53, 67, 76, 78, 80, 83, 87, 96, 106, 114. Columbia, ship, second voyage of, 76. Columbus, Christopher, IO. Concomly, Indian chief, 105. Conasset, fabulous city of, 27.
Congregational missions, 128, 132, 151 to 160.
Congressional debates, 142, 149, 164 to 167.
Cook, Capt. James, voyage of, 55' 491. Cook's inlet, 60, 66. Coos, origin of name, 496.
Coos Bay, 490; discovery of, 491; bar, 496-7.
Coos Bay company, 492.
Coos Bay News, newspaper, 494.
Coos county, 483, 499; boundaries of, 496. Copper mines, 457.
Coppermine river, 50.
Coquille massacre, 271-2; river, 484, 490; Herald, newspaper, 487; Co- quille river bar, 490; origin of name, 496; City, 487.
Coronado's invasion of Cibolo, 18.
Cortereal, Gaspar de, 13.
Cortes, Hernando de, 14 to 17. Cow creek, murder of miners on, 212; disturbances, 257, 258; description, etc., 423, 424, 425. Cowlitz river, 117.
Carter lake, 308, 311.
Crespi, Father, 45.
Crowley, Miss M. L., 462.
Crooks, Ramsey, 100, 103.
Culver, Indian agent, 271.
Curry county, war in, 270; description and history, 465, 482.
D
Dalles, The, 102. 131, 137, 153, 156, 159.
Dardanelles, the, 215, 379.
Dart, Dr. Anson, Indian commissioner, 474. Day, John, 100 to 103.
Deady, Judge MI. P., 221, 363, 366, 367, 446.
Deer creek, 452.
De la Matter mine, 453.
Demers, Father Modest, 151.
Denmark, 476. DeSmet, Father P. J., 132.
Destruction island, 53.
Dilley, murdered at Phoenix, 196.
Disappointment, Cape, 53, 67, 77, 78, 87.
Douglas county, 383, 442; boundaries of, 404, 406; statistics, 407, 408. Drain, 431, 432. Drake, Sir Francis, 20, 22.
E
Eagle Point, 376. East India Company, 64.
Edgecumb, Mount, 53, 59, 106.
Edwards, Edward, 213.
Edwards, P. L., 127, 131, 132, 186.
Eells, Rev. Cushing, 131, 139.
Eight Dollar Mt., fight at, 264, 265,
452, 453. Elk creek, 477. Elk Head, 441. Elkton, 402, 405, 434.
Ellensburg, 478, 480.
Ely, Lieutenant Simeon, 217, 218.
Emigrations, yearly, 137, 143, 147, 148. Empire City, 493.
English explorations, 20, 32, 47, 55 to 61, 64 to 68, 76 to 81. Enos, Indian, 273, 183.
6
Esther mine, 333, 463. Evan's creek, campaign of, 218, 220. F
Fairweather, mount, 59.
Ferrelo, discovers Cape Mendocino, 18. Fields and Cunningham murdered, 240, 241. Fitzgerald, Major, U. S. A., 206, 209, 246, 255.
Five Crows, Indian chief, 153, 158, 161. Flat-head Indians, 127.
Flattery, Cape, 52, 78.
Flint, A. R., 402, 403.
Floras creek, 476. Fonte, Admiral de, 27.
Foot's creek, 185, 186, 379. Forests, 390.
Fort Boise, 125.
Fort Briggs, 452, 454. Fort Hall, 125, 137, 138, 148. Fort Hays, 452.
Fort Jones, 209.
Fort Lamerick, 278. Fort Lane, 231.
Fort Orford, 273.
Fort Umpqua, 301, 397, 399.
Fort Vancouver. 114, 115, 124.
Fort Walla Walla, 123, 129, 137, 156, 159, 175, 176. Fowler mine, 331-2. Franciscan missionaries in California, 43.
Fraser river, 81.
Fremont, Lieutenant J. C., 145, 187.
French explorations, 48, 63.
Frizzell and Mungo killed, 229.
Fuca, Straits of Juan de, 23 to 26, 52, 57. 66, 75, 76, 78.
Fur trade, 34 to 37, 61, 63, 81, 82, 91, 93, 100 to 104, 106 to 113, 114 to 126.
G
Gaines, Governor, treaty with Indians, 199, 336.
Galice creek, supposed murder of miners at, 208; siege of, 250-1; de- scription, 460-1. Gama, Vasco de, II. Gardiner, 402, 436. Geisel family, the, 274, 478-9. George, fort, 104, 107. Ghent, treaty of, 106. Gibbs, A. C., 402. Gilliam, Colonel Cornelius, 160, 161, 163. Glendale, 426. Gold Beach massacre, 274. Gold, discovery of, 169. Gold Hill mines, 328, 378. Goodall, Capt. James, 206, 215, 218, 234. Grand Ronde valley, 102, 123; battle of, 176. Grant's Pass, 380. Grave creek, 462-3; Indians, 199, 208, 213. Gray, W. H., 129, 131, 139, 145. Gray, Capt. Robert, 68, 72, 76. Gray's Harbor, 78, 80. Great Slave lake, SI. Green valley, 439. Green river, 118, 122. Griffin, B. B., 216. H
Hahn, Capt., 385. Hall, fort, 125, 137. 138, 148. Harding and Rose killed, 217. Harkness killed, 266. Harris family, the, 246.
INDEX.
Hawaiian Islands, 56, 60.
Hearne, explorations of Samuel, 50.
Heceta, Bruno de, 52, 53.
Hedden, Cyrus, 471, 474.
Hermann, Dr., 485.
Hermansville, 485.
Hines, Rev. Gustavus, 132, 136, 146, 153. Hitchcock, General, U. S. A., 200. Hooker, Colonel Joseph, U. S. A., 3.39.
Horn, Cape, discovered, 32.
Hudson's Bay, 13, 32, 47.
Hudson's Bay Company, 33, 50, 81, 108 to 126, 148, 397, 399. Hull, Charles W. killed, 259.
Humboldt river, 119, 122.
"Humbug war," 238, 240.
Hungry Hill, campaign of, 251, 253, 464.
Hunt, Wilson P., expedition of, 100 to 103, 105. I
Illinois valley, 451.
Immigration of 1845, 137; of 1843, 143: ol 1844, 147.
Irvin, Lieutenant U. S. A., kidnapped. 200.
J
Jackson county, description of, 306, 315; history of, 315, 382.
Jackson creek, 337.
Jackson Rangers, 349.
Jacksonville, 359.
Jesuit missionaries in lower California, 38, 42. Joe, Chief of the Rogue River Indians, 263. Joint occupancy of Oregon, LO8, 113, I26.
John, Chief of the Applegate Indians, 190, 216, 217, 279, 281, 284.
John Day River, 88. 103, 148.
Jones, Capt., U. S. A., 275. Josephine creek, discovered, 447.
Josephine county, 446. Judah, Capt. H. M., U. S. A., 233. Jump-off-Joe creek, 461. K
Kamiakan, Indian chief, 174, 176.
Kautz, Lieut. A. V., U. S. A., 221, 251. Kearney, Gen. Philip, 197.
Keene, Granville, killed, 240.
Keeney, Captain Jonathan, 261.
Kelsey, Colonel John, 265.
Kendrick, Captain John, 68.
Kerbyville, 453, 454. King George III. Archipelago, 53.
King George Sound Company, 64.
Kino, Father, 33, 38, 39.
Klamath Indians, 178.
Klamath river, 131.
Klickitat Indians, 182-
Kyle, James C., killed, 231.
L
Labrador, straits of, 13.
Lamerick, General J. K., 202, 254, 262, 266, 282.
Lane, Gen. Joseph, 168. 198, 217, 222. La Perouse voyage of, 63. Lapwai Mission, 130, 132, 155.
Latshaw, Major, 281.
LeBreton, George W., 136, 146, 153, 154.
Ledford massacre, 346, 347.
Ledyard, John, efforts to cross the Continent, 63. Lec, H. A. G., 160.
Lee, Rev. Jason, 127, 130, 132, 136, 146. Lewis and Clarke's expedition, 85, 92. Lewis, Captain W. B., 250.
Lewis river, (see Snake).
Lewis, Joe, 157 to 159.
Limestone, 321.
Long Prairie, 438
Looking-glass, 417, Indians of, at- tacked, 257.
Loretto, Mission of Our Lady of, 40. Lost river fight, 207.
Lowden's ferry fight, ISS, 189.
Louisiana, Province of, 47, 84.
Lovejoy, A. Lawrence, 139, 150.
Lower California, colonized, 33.
Lupton massacre, 243.
M
Mackenzie, Alexander, explorations of. 81, 82; Mackenzie river, 81.
Magellan, 11, 13.
Maldonado and the Straits of Anian, 22. Mandan Indians, 86.
Marple, P. B., 491.
Marshall, James W., 169.
Marshfield, 494, 495.
Martinez, Estevan, voyages of, 52, 69: Nootka controversy, 71.
Mary's river, (see Humboldt).
Massacre on October ninth, 1855, 244. Manrelle, Antonio voyages of, 52, 6 :. McBean, William, 159.
Mckay, Alexander, Tom and William C., 95, 121, 129, 138, 152, 156, 161. Mckinlay, Archibald, 138.
McLaughlin, Dr. John, 121. 136, 153.
McLaughlin, Joseph, 122.
McLeod river, 122.
McTavish, J. G., 104.
Meacham, A. B., 207.
Meadows, first campaign of the, 256; second campaign, 266, 269.
Meares, Captain, voyages of, 58, 65, 68. 71.
Medford, 375.
Meek, Joseph L. and Stephen II., 133, 137, 146, 148, 166, 168.
Mendocino, Cape, discovered, 18.
Mendoza, Antonio, Viceroy of Mexico, 16, 18.
Merchants' and Farmers' Navigation Co., 385.
Methodist missions, 127, 130, 131, 132. 135 to 137, 151, 154.
Meteorological tables, 300.
Miller. Captain John F., 331, 232.
Mines and Minerals, 321 to 333, 392 to 394.
Missions in California, 38.
Missions in Oregon, 127 to 133, 151. 154. Missionaries, 127, 159.
Missouri Fur Co., 92, 118.
Missouri river, 86, 91.
Modocs, 187, 204, 207, 349-
Molalla Indians, 154.
Monterey, Bay of, 29, 45.
Mount St. Elias, 60.
Multnomah river, 88.
Murphy's creek, 459; fight at, 280.
Myrtle creek, 422, 423.
Myrtle Point, 485.
N
Nesmith, J. W., 148, 221, 223.
New Archangel, 106. Nez Perce Indians, 86, 90, 123, 128. 130, 132, 153. Ninth Regiment, 293, 296. Nisqually, missions at, 151, 174.
Niza, Father Marcas de, pretended ex- plorations of, 17.
7
Nolan, Rhodes, 214. Nootka convention, 73, 74. Nootka Sound, 51, 54, 64, 66, 70, 73, 75, 81. North Bend, 495. North Sea, I1. North Umpqua river, 389. Northwest Fur Co., of Montreal, 81, 91, 100, 107 to 109, 113, 114. O
Oak Flat, council of, 279. Oakland, 405, 428, 430. Ogden, Peter Skeen, 122, 159. Ogden's river (see Humboldt). Olympus, Mount, 52.
Ord, Capt. E. O. C., U. S. A., 277. Oregon, first discoveries, 18, 20, 30; origin of name, 49, 50, 83; joint oc- cupancy, 108, 113; missions 127 10 133; first efforts at self-government, 133; boundary, 141: white popula- tion of, in 1843, 143; subdivided, 170.
Oregon and California railroad, 381, 382, 396, 411, 424, 462. Oregon City laid out, 137; Indian fight at, 154. Oregon Sentinel, newspaper, 369. Oregon trail, the, 338, 447, 449, 461. Orford, Cape, 30, 54, 76. P
Pacific Fur Co., 95, 104. Pacific Ocean, discovery of, 11; early explorations, 15. Palmer, Joel, 221, Palouse river, 87, 103. Palouse Indians, 103. Pambrun, P. C., 129. Parker, Rev. Samuel, 128, 151. Parkersburg, 488.
Peo-peo-mux-mux, Indian Chief, SS, 153, 175. Perez, voyages of Juan, 51, 52. l'eters Philip, 400. Philip II., orders survey of northwest coast, 28.
Philippine Islands subdued by Spain, I9. Phillips, Edward, killed, 236. Philpot killed, 237, 452. Phoenix, 374. Pilcher, Major, 122.
Pioneers, society of, 351. Poland, Captain, 273. Portala, first governor of California, 44. Port Orford, 200, 471, 477. Port San Lorenzo, 51. Post, newspaper, 480. Prim, Judge P. P., 361. Prince William's sound, 60, 65, 69 Printing, first in Oregon, 132. Provisional government of Oregon, 133, 135, 145, 146. Puget Sound Agricultural Co., 170. Puget Sound explored, 79. Putnam Valley, 438, 439. Q
Quadra, Bodega y, 52, 62, 80. Quartz mining, 326, 333, 392, 393, 456, 466. Queen Charlotte's Island, 51, 79. Quicksilver, 321, 393, 394. Quivira, Fabulous City of, 31.
R
Rainfall, 300. Ranier, Mount, 79. Randolph, 492; mines of, 489. Rawlins, Miss Josephine, 447. Recorder, newspaper, 476.
INDEX.
Red River of the North, 50; settle . ments, 109, 134; emigrants, 137. Redwood grove, 482.
Reyes, Rio de los, 26 to 28, 48,49, 54, 59, 76. Reynolds, Major U. S. A., 272, 274. Rhoades, Jacob, 215.
Rice settlement, 257, 420.
Rice valley, 440.
Riddle, 424.
Rinearson, Capt. Jacob, 247, 249.
Rock Point, 379,
Rocky mountains, 48, 85, 118.
Rocky Mountain Fur Company, 119, 122, 123. Rogue river, 312, 313.
Rogue River Indians, 1,8, 185, 190, 202, 216, 302, 304, 378.
Rollins (see Rawlins.)
Roseburg, 403, 405, 416.
Roseburg and Coos Bay railway, 396, 494, 499.
Ross, General John E., 160, 205, 206, 213, 220, 234, 249, 251, 328, 345, 349, 464. Russian explorations in the Pacific, 34 to 38. Russian American Trading Company, 36, 63, 106, 117. Ryswick, treaty of, 47.
S
Sahaptin river (see Snake.) Sailor Diggings (see Waldo.)
Saint Elias, Mount, discovered, 35, 59.
Salt Lake, Great, IIS.
Salva-Tierra, Father, 38.
Sam and Joe, chiefs of the Rogue Rivers, 210, 211.
Sandwich Islands, 56, 60, 68, 93.
San Diego mission, 43.
San Jacinto, Mount, 53.
San Francisco Bay discovered, 21, 29, 45. San Lorenzo, Port, 51.
San Roque, river of, 53.
Sauvies' island, 88. Saskatwchewan river, SI.
Scott, Capt. Levi, 148, 302, 400, 401. Scurvy, sufferings of Spanish explorers, 18, 29, 30. Scottsburg, 385, 401, 402, 435- Second regiment, O. MI. V., 260, 265, 286, 292. Selkirk's Red River settlements, 109. Serra,' Father Junipero. 43 to 46. Settlements in Oregon, 130, 134, 152. Shasta Indians, 178, 189.
Sheep, 395. Simpson, Sir George, 137. Siskiyou mountains, 122, 131. Siuslaw river, 384, 440. Sitka, Alaska, 106. Sixes river. 476.
Skinner, Judge A. A., 150, 199, 202, 336. Slate creek, 459. Smith, Capt. A. J., U. S. A., 223, 233, 239, 277, 279. Smith river, 383, 439, 440. Smith, Jedediah S., 118, 120, 122, 184, 399,. Snake river, 86, 100, 125.
South Sea, discovery of, 10. South Sea Company, 64. Southern Oregon, history and descrip- tion of, 297, 499.
Southern Oregon emigrant road, 148, 302. Southern Oregon Improvement Com- pany, 494, 499.
Spamsh explorations, IS, 29, 30, 31, 51, 52, 53. 62, 69, 75, 79. Spalding, Rev. II. II., 129, 133, 139, 152, 157.
Spokane, fort, 103, 104; mission, 132.
Steele, Elijab, 201, 202, 203.
Stevens, Gov. 1. T., 173, 176.
Stewart, Captain, U. S. A., 197.
Steptoe, Col. E. J., 176.
Stock, 394.
Straits of Anian, 17, 20, 23.
Stoneman, Lieutenant, 475.
Sucker creek, 544, 455.
Sumner, 495.
Sutter, Captain John A., 131, 169.
Sutton, J. M., 464. T
Table Rocks, the, 377, 378; reserva" tion at, 231.
Table Rock band, 263.
Table Rock Sentinel, newspaper (see Oregon Sentinel.)
Table Rock treaty, 221, 224.
Tallent, 380. Tam-su-ky, Cayuse chief, 156 to 162.
Tedford and Rouse attacked by In- dians, 224.
Temperature, 300.
Ten-mile valley, 419.
Territorial government of Oregon, 163, 176. Thornton, J. Q., 150, 164, 167.
Tichenor. Capt. Wm., 471, 473, 478. Tierra, Father Juan Maria Salva, 39. Timber. 390.
Tipsu Tyee, 201, 211, 216, 230, 233.
Tonquin, ship, 95, 100.
Touchet river, 90.
Townsend, Port, 79. Trappers, character of, 125, 126.
Treaties-Nootka, 73; Ghent, 106; Ryswick, 47; Ashburton, 141; of
1846, 149. Trinidad. bay of, 52.
Tukannon river, 87.
T'Vault, W. G., 197, 369, 370, 372, 377,473- Tyee George, 347. U
Ugarte, Father Juan, 38, 41. Ulloa, Francisco de, explorations of, 16. Umatilla river, 88, 124. Umpqua City, 402, 438. Umpqua county, 403, 405, 406. Umpqua, Fort, 184, 301, 397, 399- Umpqua Indians, 178, 182, 183. Umpqua river, 21, 30, 117, 119, 184, 384, 399, 401.
V
Vancouver, Capt. George, 74, 81. Vancouver Island, 51, So. Vancouver, Fort, 80, 114, 115, 124. Viscaino, Admiral Sebastian, 29, 31. Voyageurs, 95. W
Wagner, Mrs., killed, 245
Wagons first taken to Oregon, 129, 137, 142.
Waiilatpu, 130, 138, 152. Waldo, called Sailor Diggings, 229, 456, 457. Walker, Rev. E., 131, 139. Walker, C'apt. Jesse, 235. Walla Walla, fort, 123, 129, 137, 156, 159, 175, 176. Walla Walla Indians, 88, 102, 103. Waller, Rev., his zeal, 152. Willamette Cattle Company, 130, 186.
8
INDEX.
War -- Cayuse, 160; of 1853, 214, 232; of 1855-6, 244, 296,
Wascopum Indians, 102, 153. Washington territory organized, 170, 174. Western University, 345. White, Dr. Elijah, 137, 151, 154. Whitman, Dr. Marcus, 128; overland journey, 137 to 142. Whitman massacre, 150, 159. Wilkes, Commodore Charles, 136, 186, 30I. Wilbur, 437.
Willamette river, 88. Williams' creek, 458.
Williamsburg, 458, 459.
Williams, Capt. M. M., 265.
Williams, Col. R. L., 260, 262.
Willow Springs, 332, 377; Indian fight at, 196.
Wilderville, 459.
Wills, Thomas, 213. Winchester, 402, 404, 405, 408, 432.
Winchester, Payne & Co., 401.
Winchuck river, 481.
Winnipeg settlements, 109.
Wolf meeting, the, 145.
Woodman, Calvin, murder of, 201 Woodville, 380.
Wool, General John E., 175, 275.
Wright, Gen. 203, 272, 274.
Wright, Col. George, 176. Wyeth, Nathaniel J., 123, 125, 129. Y
Yakima Indians, 174-5-6. Yellept, Chief, 88.
Yellowstone river, 86; 91.
Yoncalla, 401, 433.
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