USA > Oregon > Douglas County > History of southern Oregon, comprising Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, Curry and Coos counties, comp. from the most authentic sources > Part 49
USA > Oregon > Jackson County > History of southern Oregon, comprising Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, Curry and Coos counties, comp. from the most authentic sources > Part 49
USA > Oregon > Josephine County > History of southern Oregon, comprising Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, Curry and Coos counties, comp. from the most authentic sources > Part 49
USA > Oregon > Coos County > History of southern Oregon, comprising Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, Curry and Coos counties, comp. from the most authentic sources > Part 49
USA > Oregon > Curry County > History of southern Oregon, comprising Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, Curry and Coos counties, comp. from the most authentic sources > Part 49
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CHAPTER XLII.
OTHER TOPICS OF INTEREST.
Military Organizations in Jackson County-The Baker Guards-The Jackson Rangers-Expedition of Cap- tain Applegate-The Modoc War-Statistics of Population and Production-The Pioneer Society.
During the war of the rebellion the people of Jackson county entered into the spirit of the occasion with characteristic energy and activity. Though far removed from the seat of war it aronsed the feelings of every one to the greatest intensity. The union party testified their political views by donating liberally to the sanitary commis- sion, and, in individual cases, by enlisting in the volunteer service. The general gov- ernment made arrangements for the formation of several regiments of troops to garrison the various military posts in this state and to repress Indian forays. The privates received thirteen dollars per month "and found," and in case that they provided their own horses and equipments (they were cavalry), they got twelve dollars per month in addition, besides a bounty of $100. Southern Oregon's quota amounted to four com- panies. R. F. Maury, now of Bear creek valley, was invested with the office of lieu- tenant-colonel, and proceeded to open a recruiting station at Jacksonville, in the fall of 1861. The first company raised was the Baker Guards, named in honor of Senator Baker, of Oregon. This body of men numbered about eighty, and were stationed at Camp Baker, near Phonix. Their muster-roll follows :
Captain, Thomas S. Harris; First Lieutenant, Jesse Robinson ; Second Lieu- tenant, J. W. Hopkins ; Sergeants, R. J. Moore, William Irving, John Hurley, D. H. Taylor, James C. Mager, Silas Pepoon, Jr. ; Corporals, J. J. Elliott, Robert Irvin, Robert Bruce, Charles Dufferd, Frank Wyman, D. T. Cole, T. M. M. Wood, Joseph Little; Buglers, Warren Vernoy, Myron H. Field; Privates, George E. Butler, Wil- liam Bremer, T. J. Bradford, John R. Bond, Riley R. Barnes, C. C. Bailey, James Cassida, Reece Clark, S. H. Collins, D. B. Collins, Peter McDonald, C. J. Kenney, George W. Clapp, W. T. Lever, John B. Rains, Elihu Morgan, Marion Taylor, C. Dirshee, John Mclaughlin, Jackson Million, John E. Hill, Milton Prickett, Orson P. Matthews, Augustus Laronburg, James A. Reid, Luke Standley, John Robinson, William A. Tull, J. E. Vail, J. W. Kimball, Simeon Peabody, Aden C. Spencer, James Longmire, G. W. Ashley, Gaylord Penny, J. Vanguilder, J. M. Hoxie, Warren Wood, Daniel McGee, Joseph B. Pepoon, J. H. Heitman, Charles Thompson, Charles H. Sumner, Ferdinand Wachter, George Gutting, Samuel Southerland, Chauncey P. Martin, George W. Dalton, J. H. Dalton, O. Dodge, Antonio Sandoval, William Mot- ley, Mahlon R. Gaskell, Eli T. Boon, William A. Jones, J. B. Perow, John Napper, John L. Sperry, Daniel Laughery, James Hickey, John Linnley, William R. Weddle, R. A. Gray, H. L. Fergusson, J. Hammill.
WALLIND.LITH-PORTLAND- OR.
RESIDENCE OF ANDREW SAWYERS, 9 MILES EAST OF SCOTTSBURG, DOUGLAS CD.
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JACKSON COUNTY.
The above were mainly residents of Jackson county, as were also the Jackson Rangers, another mounted company belonging to the same regiment. The Rangers were commanded by Captain Sewall Truax, but their muster-roll not being preserved, it is impossible to present a list of the members, excepting Stephen Watson, John Brown, R. H. Casteel, Joseph Durpy, William Rand, Charles Truax, E. S. Powers, N. Fortney, William Pittinger, Theodore Roe, George P. Ledford, J. B. Robinson, Adrian Nappy and Henry Myer, all of whom were non-commissioned officers. The Rangers did service on the upper Columbia and Snake rivers until their discharge.
Lindsay Applegate, fearing for the safety of the immigrants of 1851, who were en route across the plains, set himself to work in August of that year, and organized a company of forty-two persons, armed, mounted and equipped, and set out with them . toward the eastward, along the old emigrant trail, and did good service in protecting the new-comers from the ferocity of the Indians. The expedition resembled those of the early years of 1852-3-4, led by Ross, Miller and Walker successively, and per- formed similar duties, penetrating even farther to the eastward than had those adven- turous leaders. The Applegate company marched 400 miles east of the Cascades. Its members were L. Applegate, John Robinson, Warren Vernay, William Steward, Lewis Hiatt, F. F. Fulton, J. W. Mills, Thomas Williams, J. C. Raper, J. J. Carter, Charles Sumner, David Laugherty, J. M. Anderson, G. H. Brown, Peter Smith, Mike Murphy, J. P. Woodson, J. H. Blake, W. F. Sanger, J. D. Applegate, N. L. Lee, G. W. Gaskill, William West, Samuel Richey, W. W. Shedd, Wallace Baldwin, W. D. Pittenger, J. L. McCoy, Giles Wells, Jr., W. P. Harris, John L. Sperry, J. P. Chandler, Joseph Wells, Daniel Chapman, C. F. Blake, Robert Tenbrook, W. H. Jacquett, D. F. Cole, A. J. Walls, Isaac McCay, R. Simpkins, Ben Johnson.
In the Modoc war of 1872-3, the citizens of Jackson county took a very promi- nent part. General Ross and Captain Kelley led a company of volunteers from Jack- sonville, who performed bravely, fighting in the lava-beds by the side of the regulars against Captain Jack's braves. The details of the war do not belong in a history of Jackson county, as the hostile occurrences took place without its bounds ; but the names of the Jackson county volunteers who served during the war are appended. Brigadier- General Ross was in chief command, with a staff composed of Majors Owen, Bell and Adair, and Captains Neil and Fondray. Captain Kelley's company was mustered in on December 2, 1872, and discharged between January 7 and February 12, of the following year. The muster-roll is as follows :
Captain, Harrison R. Kelley ; First Lieutenant, J. W. Berry ; Second Lieutenant, E. R. Reames ; Sergeants, C. D. Wood, J. H. Snyder, J. W. Seranton, W. H. Roberts, Jasper Sehockley ; Privates, A. M. Ackers, W. H. Ackers, William Adams, A. J. Adams, W. C. Borden, J. Baker, James Butler, J. S. Ball, A. B. Cardwell, Isaac C'ox, D. E. Crawley, G. H. Crooks, W. D. Childers, Wesley Cole, James Downey, T. J. Farris, Thomas Gaston, John Gaston, F. Grobe, R. Hinkle, George W. Hamerick, J. Heckethorn, J. T. Hunt, T. J. Howard, J. N. Harper, R. Hagan, J. E. Ish, F. W. Johnson, Walter Jones, G. W. Jones, Isaac Lewis, J. Lausignant, AAlfred Law, J. Linn, James Miller, E. A. Miller, Gustave Marks, M. D. Murphy, Christopher Mays, Joseph McKee, Simon McKee, J. E. Newcombe, C. Nanny, A. P. Owen, B. F. Oatman, J. R. Powell, L. Robinson, William Rexford, O. McC. Schwatka, J. W. Savage, Elijah
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SOUTHERN OREGON
Smith, Thomas Tucker, Walter M. Ware, A. J. Wright, William Williams, Thomas Willis.
We find as we proceed with the history of Jackson county that a noticeable change takes place in the character of our narrative. We miss the stirring tales, the warlike incidents and the record of mining discoveries and excitements. Our story is becoming common-place. There is less and less of incident to narrate as we approach the present times. The country is becoming more populous, but is losing its character of stirring adventure. The shallower mines are being exhausted and abandoned ; hydraulic apparatus is taking the place of hundreds of toilers in deeper gravel beds; other regions are calling away the more active part of the mining population ; and the pursuit of . mining, in former years overshadowing every other, sinks to a secondary position ; while agriculture, at first carried on but to supply the miners with the necessaries of life, becomes paramount and is destined to so remain. These causes worked gradually; and even now the small amount of mining carried on has retained so many of the tra- ditions and influences which formerly clustered about it that it is spoken of with more of consideration than its importance deserves. Formerly, as we said, there were three separate and distinct sorts of subjects which gave interest to the history of this valley- the Indian wars, mining and agriculture. Of all regions the history of agricultural countries is driest in detail, while no population furnishes so much of history as a min- ing one. Hence in the transformation of Jackson county from a mining locality into a region of farms and farmers only, we feel the gradual extinction of interest in our story. Still, however, we may draw a valued lesson from the art of husbandry. Agri- culture abounds in statistics ; and we can most readily set forth the progress and stand- ing of Jackson county by a reference to and presentation of such official figures and calculations as are at our command.
By referring to the assessor's rolls for 1862, we find the assessed value of taxable property to have been $1,517,988; polls, 1,026; the production of wheat, 60,000 bushels; barley, 6,750, and oats, 55,000. There were 6,650 horned cattle, 1,600 horses, 1,328 sheep, and 5,000 hogs. In 1865, we find these figures slightly changed, the number of polls being reduced to 994. The population was then 2,995; of whom 1,791 were males, and 1,204 females. The valuation of real and personal property was given as $1,305,583. The excess of males over females, common in all new countries, was being gradually eliminated, and the two sexes were being equalized in point of numbers. This process went on coincident with the growth of population, and while the number of grown-up men is no larger to-day than in the earlier years, that of women and children has steadily increased. The number of qualified voters has for more than twenty-five years remained at about 1,000, while the total population has trebled. . We find that in 1881 the polls numbered 1,050; the gross value of property was $2,461,362; taxable property, $1,633,851. There were 229,678 acres of land in private ownership, of which 113,000 acres were improved. The cattle numbered 9,036; the sheep, 31,332; hogs, 9,525; horses and mules, 4,841. The roll for 1882 shows a total valuation of $2,464,832 for all classes of property in the county, these figures being supposed to represent only one-half, or, at most, two thirds, of the real value. This sum was divided as follows: Value of improved lands, $658,985; unimproved lands, $144,531; town lots, $62,982; improvements, $264,500; merchandise and imple-
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JACKSON COUNTY.
ments, $396,435; money, notes and accounts, $594,277; household furniture, etc., $68,735; horses and mules, $149,005; cattle, $72,335; sheep, $31,361; swine, $21,677. The assessment roll for 1883 shows the following facts and figures: Acres of land, 249,399; value, $1,117,102. Average value of improved land, $8.25 per acre; unim- proved, $1.50. Valne of town lots, $62,254; improvements, $270,644; mer- chandise, implements, etc., $384,098; money, notes, accounts, etc., $650,036; furniture, jewelry, etc., $73,818. Number of horses and mules, 4,260, valued at. $160,269; cattle, 7,848, valued at $122,295; sheep, 31,501, valued at $42,827; swine, 13,235, valued at $33,027. Gross valne of property, $2,916,786, indebtedness, $683,- 316, exemptions, $230,270. Total taxable property, $2,053,200. Number of polls, 1,025. The population of the county, given by the census of 1880 as 8,116, has prob- ably advanced at least 1,000 persons above that estimate, through the influence of the railroad.
A few years before his decease, the lamented James Sutton, speaking editorially in his paper, the Tidings, gave utterance to the wish that the fast-disappearing recollec- tions of the pioneers of Southern Oregon might by some means be preserved from oblivion, and so serve as the groundwork of a future history of the country. The subject so shaped itself in his mind that a proposition to establish a society of pioneers grew out of it; and this was heartily taken up by the older settlers of the country, especially of the Rogue river valley, and the Association of Southern Oregon Pioneers sprang from it. This society has existed since with increasing activity and interest. The members gather annually for the purpose of discussing matters connected with the early history of their section, and for social intercourse. Speeches are made, narra- tives are told, and the contingent business of the association is transacted. A very large proportion of the still existing pioneers of the country are members, and these constitute a very respectable, intelligent and much revered class of men and women, whose experiences in settling and civilizing this region have been most extraordinary, and far beyond the comprehension of those who were born in later days or lived sur- rounded by less critical emergencies. The roll of membership includes the following persons : Haskel Amy, O. C. Applegate, Eli K. Anderson, Elizabeth N. Anderson, Gilbert G. Anderson, E. L. Applegate, Lindsay Applegate, L. B. Applegate, Albert Alford, Catherine K. Alford, A. M. Berry, Peter Britt, Rufus Ball, C. C. Beckman, Rial Benedict, Mary J. Benedict (died 1880), William Bybee, Thomas F. Beall, Robt. V. Beall, James V. Bunyard, David N. Birdsey, Kinder Boaz, H. V. Bachelder, R. F. Baldwin, John Beeson, W. H. Brown, Wallace G. Bishop, Mary Jane Bishop, J. A. Cardwell, Lewis Calhoun, Theodore Cameron, Mary Ann Chambers (died 1882), William L. Colvig, Helen M. Colvig, William M. Colvig, Henry W. Clayton, N. H. Clayton, Thomas Chavner, Jerome B. Coats, (died 1881), John Coleman, Nicholas Cook, Almira A. Cook, M. II. Coleman, J. H. Chitwood, Robert J. Cameron, Milo Caton, R. ; A. Cook, George W. Cooksey, Isaac Constant, Joseph A. Crane, G. B. Cadwell, Lucins Danforth, David Dunlap, A. Davison, L. J. C. Duncan, E. Dimick, B. F. Dowell, Patrick Dunn, Silas J. Day, Patrick Donegan, H. S. Emery, E. J. Far- low, James J. Fryer, D. F. Fisher, Asa G. Fordyce, E. D. Fondray, James D. Foun- tain, Zany Ganung. E. E. Gore, W. B. Grubb, Samuel Grubb (died 1883), Samuel B. Grubb (died 1882), John D. Grubb, Mary E. Grubb, A. V. Gillette (died 1884),
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SOUTHERN OREGON.
Martha L. Gillette, Louis Girtman, Charles Griffith, John B. Griffin, Burrell B. Griffin (died 1881), C. C. Goodwin, U. S. Hayden (died 1879), Frederick Heber, James Hamlin, William Hoffman, Elizabeth Hill (died 1880), Jasper Houck, Addison Helms, John Holton, J. H. Huffer, David L. Hopkins, Michael Hanley, S. B. Hull, Rowland Hall, Thomas Hopwood, Rial Hinkle, George W. Isaac, Kaspar Kubli, Charles K. Klum, Henry Klippel, William Kahler, Georgiana A. Kahler, Silas Kil- gore, Edward Kilgore, W. W. Kentnor, David Linn, Arthur Langell, N. Langell, Francis Logg, James Leslie, J. N. T. Miller, William M. Mathes, James McDonough, John N. MeDonough, Rebecca McDonough, Rachel M. Mench (died 1880), John M. McCall, Artenecia Merriman, B. F. Miller, J. W. Manning, George W. Mace, W. C. Myer, B. F. Myer, J. P. McDaniel, Constantine Magruder, H. H. Magruder, J. B. Montgomery, Bennett Million, Margaret J. Miller, Isaac Miller (died 1878), Eliza- beth Miller (died 1878), Granville Naylor, Claiborne Neil, Louisa C. Neil (died 1880), Thomas E. Nichols, John O'Brien, Joseph P. Parker (died 1882), William H. Parker, Payne P. Prim, Samuel Phillips, W. J. Plymale, David Penegar, Champion T. Payne, G. F. Pennebaker, John E. Ross, P. J. Ryan, A. G. Rockfellow, F. B. Rogers, James H. Russell, Thomas G. Reames, E. R. Reames, J. W. Simpson, Thomas Smith, Veit Schutz, Charles W. Savage, Sylvester Saltmarsh, Joseph B. Saltmarsh, H. Seybert, Peter Simpson, Thomas Snell, James M. Sutton (died 1879), Joseph A. Satterfield, D. Hobart Taylor (died 1882), S. C. Taylor, Levi Tinkham (died 1880), J. C. Tolman, John Toepper, J. B. Thomas, James Thornton, S. R. Taylor, James P. Tufts, John R. Tice, Samuel D. VanDyke (died 1880), Jobn B. Wrisley, John Wat- son, Jacob Wagner, Alexander J. Watts, Mary Ann Walker, John P. Walker, Thomas Wright, H. L. Webb, A. K. Williams, Miles S. Wakeman, John Wise, Enoch Walker, Henry York.
CHAPTER XXXIX.
THE TOWN OF ASHLAND.
Settlement of the Place-Earliest Arrivals-Building up the Town-Flour Mill-School-Manufactories-The Academy -Woolen Mill - Churches - Masons - Odd Fellows-Good Templars- Library-Bank-Extent of Business-Officers-Surroundings.
The town of Ashland is situated at the base of the Siskiyou mountains, in the remotest southeastern corner of Rogue river valley, at an elevation of 1,900 feet above the Pacific. It is the extreme southern town of Oregon, being only twelve miles from the California line. It was incorporated October 13, 1874, having then a population of 300. The first officers were Jacob Wagner, F. W. Ewing, J. R. Tozer and H. C. Hill, trustees; Charles K. Klum, recorder ; W. C. Daly, marshal ; and J. M. McCall, treasurer. The history of the place, as nearly as can be obtained, is as follows: On the sixth day of January, 1852, R. B. Hargadine and - Pease settled on the land recently known as the Applegate farm, but now occupied by the railway depot build-
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WALLING-LITH-PORTLAND-DR.
BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF ASHID
, JACKSON COUNTY, OREGON.
353
JACKSON COUNTY.
ings and new town site of the Oregon and California Railroad Company. On the eleventh day of the same month Eben Emery, J. B. Emery, Dowd Farley, J. 1. Cardwell, A. D. Hellman and A. M. Rogers also came and settled near by. Improve- ments were immediately commenced, and the first house built was the dwelling of Hargadine and Pease. The second building was the sawmill built by Eben Emery, J. B. Emery, J. A. Cardwell and Dowd Hurley. It was commenced in February, 1852, and finished June sixteenth of that year, at a cost of $8,000 in money and labor, and was named the "Ashland Sawmill," in honor of Ashland, Ohio, Mr. Hellman's former home, and also in honor of the home of Henry Clay, Ashland, Kentucky, the majority of the company being whigs. The third building was the residence of A. D. Hellman, and the fourth one that of Eben Emery. In the year 1854 the Ashland flouring mills were built by A. D. Hellman, Eben Emery, J. B. Emery and M. B. Morris, at a cost of $15,000, and were dedicated by a grand ball on the night of August twenty-fifth of that year. These mills became the nucleus of the coming city, which was now laid out, with the mills occupying the south side of the plaza, around which the principal business part of the town is now built, and the name of the sawmill "Ashland" was transferred to the town. Simultaneously with the mills the first blacksmith shop was built by the mill company. Quite a number of other build- ings were soon erected, to-wit: a hotel, by John R. Foster ; a butcher shop, by Marion Westfall ; a carpenter and cabinet shop, by Buckingham and Williams; a wagon shop, by Jolin Sheldon ; and a store by R. B. Hargadine. Ashland school district, number five, was now organized, and the first school was taught near the present residence of Mrs. Erb, two miles east of Ashland, by the Rev. Myron Stearns. The district was then divided at or near the Sisson place, two miles east of Ashland, the town retaining the name and number of the district. The first school of the town proper was taught in the house of Eben Emery, in the years 1854-5, by Miss Lizzie Anderson, now the wife of General McCall. Nothing more of special interest transpired until April 5, 1858, when Dr. Sisson was killed. This homicide is a dark page in the history of Ashland, and cast a shadow over the community that was not easily dispelled. Deliber -. ation and coolness, however, in the planning and execution of the deed, were the only things developed by the investigation of the case. Many theories regarding the crime were advanced, but the murderer was never apprehended, nor the cause of the assassin- nation brought to light. The hotel, known as the "Ashland House," was built in the year 1859, by Eben Emery (now of Eagle Point), at a cost of $3,000, by whom it was kept for ten years, when it was sold to Jasper Houck, the present proprietor, for $6,000. The first public schoolhouse of the town was built in 1860, on a lot donated by R. B. Hargadine. It was a substantial frame building, eighteen by twenty feet, on a solid foundation of cut stone, and cost $600. In the year 1867 an addition of nearly the same size was made to the original building. In 1880 increased school room becoming necessary, a commodious two-story house, thirty-six by fifty feet, was erected near the old building at a cost of $2,000. In this new building a school of nine months in each year is taught by the best instructors the country affords, from whence 250 scholars in its several departments draw that inspiration and culture that is to prepare them for work when the government shall be upon their shoulders.
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SOUTHERN OREGON.
The next enterprise was the marble saw-mill and shops built by James H. Rus- sell, in the years 1865 and 1869, for the purpose of utilizing the native marbles of the country. This mill turned out many magnificent slabs, which were afterward wrought into monuments by Mr. and Mrs. Russell. The sawing department was destroyed in the fire of 1879, since which time, Mr. Russell, wife and son continue the manufacture of monuments from American and Italian marble. To Ashland belongs the credit of the first marble works in Oregon, south of Portland.
The planing mills and cabinet shops of L. S. P. Marsh & Company were projected and partly built by H. S. Emery, in the year 1868. In 1874, they were purchased by Messrs. Marsh & Valpey for $1,400. Since the succession of these gentlemen to the property extensive additions have been made to the buildings and machinery, which are now valued at $8,000.
The Ashland college and normal school was inaugurated in 1869, at a quarterly conference of the Methodist Episcopal church held at Ashland in June of that year. Rev. C. Alderson, president of the meeting, proposed the enterprise. A committee to interview the people and solicit funds in aid of the project was appointed, by whom a very encouraging report was made. Plans and specifications were made out by the Rev. J. W. Kuykendall, and a contract was closed with Messrs. Blake & Emery for the erection of the building. Before its completion, however, funds failed and the enterprise was suspended. In 1872, Rev. J. H. Skidmore, at the solicitation of many friends, and the surrender to him, by the contributors to the original fund, of all right, title and interest in the concern, completed and furnished the building, and commenced the school as a private enterprise. Under his management, it would have been a suc- cess, but for the incubus of a heavy debt, with constantly accruing interest. This so embarrassed him that he was finally compelled to abandon the enterprise and turn it over to his creditors. From these it was redeemed in 1878 by its friends and placed again under the supervision of the above church, as a college and normal school. Prof. L. L. Rogers, A. M., was chosen president, and the school again started under the most flattering auspices and patronage. Unforeseen complications, however, arising, it was soon in the dust of humility. Patrons forsook it, friends became disheartened, and Mr. Rogers resigned his position. Though the case now seemed almost hopeless, the trustees resolved to make one more trial, and on August 26, 1882, the present incum- bent, Rev. M. G. Royal, A. M., was appointed to the management. Since his installation the course of the school has been onward and upward. The state has made it a branch of its normal school system, alienated friends are returning to it, and the highest hopes are entertained of usefulness for the institution.
The Ashland Woolen Mills was originally established by a joint-stock company consisting of thirty members, with J. M. McCall as the leading spirit. It was inaugu- rated in the year 1867, and began operations in 1868, under the name and style of the Rogue River Woolen Manufacturing Company, with J. M. McCall, president ; C. K. Klum, secretary ; and John Daley, superintendent. The mill was completed and equipped with one set of cards, one spinning jack, four looms, and the necessary oper- ating and finishing machinery, at a cost of $32,000. It was operated three years by the original company, without profit to the stock-holders, when it was sold to G. N. Marshall and Charles Goodchild. During the second year of this administration James
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JACKSON COUNTY.
Thornton became a partner in the business, and in 1878 he bought the entire stock of the concern. In the same year W. H. Atkinson, Jacob Wagner and E. K. Anderson became partners with Mr. Thornton, when the name of the concern was changed to " Ashland Woolen Manufacturing Company." In 1881, Mr. Wagner retired, and Capt. J. M. McCall again became interested in the business. Since 1878 machinery and improvements to the amount of $10,000, have been added. The manufacturing machinery now consists of one set of cards, seven broad looms, two spinning jacks of 240 spindles each, two full sets of knitting machinery of the latest and most approved styles, with every other needed appliance. The present capacity of the mill is over 16,000 pounds of wool per month. It is operated day and night, the year round- Sundays excepted-by thirty skilled employes, and furnishes employment to as many other persons in the manufacture of under-wear, finishing of hosiery &e. Shawls, blankets and hosiery are specialties of these mills, but they manufacture all the ordinary woolen products. These articles find a ready market, with such increasing demand for them as to warrant increased capacity for their production, which is already in con- templation by the proprietors. The mills are run by water power and the motive machinery is a twenty-six-inch turbine, with thirty-two feet pressure. James Thorn- ton is general superintendent, W. H. Atkinson business manager, and J. R. Casey foreman. A lithographie view of the mill adorns the pages of this work.
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