USA > Indiana > History of the Indiana democracy, 1816-1916 > Part 63
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JUDGE RICHARD K. ERWIN, Chief Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court, died early on the 5th day of October, 1917, at a hospital in the city of Fort Wayne, follow- ing an illness of several weeks. Judge Er- win was fifty-seven years of age. He was born in Adams county, Indiana, the son of David Erwin, one of the pioneers of the section, July 11, 1860. His first law part- ner was J. Fred France, later Clerk of the State Supreme Court. He served as a member of the State Legislature, as Prose- cutor of Adams county, as Judge of the Circuit Court of Adams county and was elected to the State Supreme Court in 1910 and at the time of his death was Chief Jus- tice, by virtue of the fact that he was the
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HISTORY INDIANA DEMOCRACY-1816-1916
senior member of the court. While Prose- cutor he lost two cases, which were carried to the State Supreme Court and while Cir- cuit Judge only two of his decisions were reversed by the Appellate Court and none by the Supreme Court. Judge Erwin was married to Miss Luella A. Wass of Mon- roeville in 1883. He became a resident of Fort Wayne in 1908, where he resided at the time of his death.
In taking a retrospective view of the past half century the names of many Dem- ocrats, in their day prominent in the coun- cils of the party, are brought to mind. All of these, as I understand the matter, are to have due attention in the county his- tories, supplementary to this volume. Having been personally acquainted with many of these, I wish it were possible for me to pay them deserved tribute. They richly deserve being thus remembered. Coming within this category I recall at the moment the names of such steadfast disciples of Jefferson, founder of Ameri- can Democracy, as Judge Solomon Clay- pool, J. J. Bingham, John J. Cooper, J. M. Cropsey, Adolph Seidensticker, Elijah S. Alvord, John C. Shoemaker, James H. Rice, Colonel J. B. Maynard, Colonel B. C. Shaw and Albert Gall of Indianapolis; the knightly Major David F. Allen and Eli W. Brown of Frankfort; John R. Coffroth, John F. McHugh, John B. Ruger, John C. Dobelbower and Francis Johnson of Lafa- yette ; Judge George V. Howk, Judge John H. Stotsenburg, James P. Applegate, John S. Davis, Josiah Gwin and Adam Heim- berger of New Albany; General Levi Sparks and Dr. W. F. Sherrod of Jeffer- sonville; Patrick Shannon, William Mack, Samuel R. Hamil and John Beggs of Terre Haute; Bayless W. Hanna, J. M. Sellers and John Lee of Crawfordsville; Dr. T. Davenport, F. J. Zimmerman and John W. Nusbaum of Warsaw; Colonel Isaiah B. McDonald, S. P. Kaler and A. J. Doug- las of Columbia City; Judge James L. Worden, Judge Allen Zollars, Colonel
Charles A. Zollinger, Martin V. B. Spen- cer, I. D. G. Nelson, P. S. O'Rourke, John D. Sarnighausen, Captain Chris Hettler, Ochmig Bird, Robert C. Bell, Charles A. Munson and Perry A. Randall of Fort Wayne; Mayor H. H. Walker and Harry Francis of Michigan City; Judge Daniel Noyes, H. E. Wadsworth, J. W. Broeffle, Judge Bradley, David Patton, John P. Early and Simon Wile of Laporte; Charles H. Reeve, Judge Horace Corbin, A. B. Capron, M. A. O. Packard and Daniel Mc- Donald of Plymouth; David Hough, Eli B. Gerber and James E. McDonald of Ligo- nier; Valentine Zimmerman and Judge Isaiah Conner of Rochester; Thomas J. Wood of Crown Point; ex-Mayor David R. Leeper and Charles L. Goetz of South Bend, both of whom were of the salt of the earth; Colonel Charles Denby, Fred Lauenstein, John G. and George W. Shank- lin, Dr. Muehlhausen and Colonel A. T. Whittlesey of Evansville; Henry S. Cau- thorn, George E. Greene and F. W. Viehe of Vincennes ; Murray T. Briggs and Fer- dinand Bassler of Sullivan; Dr. A. S. Par- ker, Charles G. Aichele, Herman Krueger, N. B. Newnam and John Gappinger of Kendallville; Thomas €. Mays, William H. Dills and Major S. W. Sprott of Auburn; Miles Waterman, Freeman Kelley and General Lew J. Blair of Waterloo; Dr. George W. McConnell and Harman Frey- gang of Angola; Francis Henry and An- drew Ellison of Lagrange; Colonel M. B. Hascall, W. W. McVitty, W. A. Beane, the Gortners, John W. Egbert, Conrad Land- graver, Charles Fink and Joseph C. Beck of Goshen; O. H. Main, Colonel R. M. Johnson, Judge George T. Barney, O. D. Thompson, Captain William M. Barney and Harry Chester of Elkhart; Preston F. Miles of Milford; George W. Miles of Syracuse; Simon P. Sheerin, S. F. McFad- den, D. D. Dykeman and Benjamin F. Lou- thain of Logansport; Harry Smith and Thomas S. Briscoe of Hartford City; Dr. W. D. H. Hunter of Lawrenceburg; Hugh
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HISTORY INDIANA DEMOCRACY-1816-1916
D. McMullen of Aurora; Judge D. S. Gooding, William Mitchell, Judge Charles G. Offut and Ephraim Marsh of Green- field; Ernst H. Faut of New Palestine; Judge Alonzo Blair, Sr., Judge Glessner and W. Scott Ray of Shelbyville; Judge Wm. A. Bickle, Thomas J. Study and James Elder of Richmond; Samuel I. An- thony, Thomas J. Merrifield, DeFos Skin- ner, John Brodie, G. Bloch and Engelbert Zimmerman of Valparaiso. These sturdy Indiana Democrats constitute but a small fraction of the political forces with which it was my good fortune to be asso- ciated during the past fifty years. In thinking of these men and bringing to mind their sturdy qualities I aim to find comfort in the contemplation of the prom- ise, hope and anticipation awakened by the outpouring of a brilliant American au- thor's soul. "It cannot be," the brilliant George D. Prentice wrote in his palmiest days, "that earth is man's only abiding place. It cannot be that our life is a bub- ble cast by eternity to float a moment upon
, its waves and sink into nothingness. Else why is it that the high and glorious aspira- tions which leap like angels from the tem- ple of our hearts are forever wandering unsatisfied? Why is it that the rainbow and cloud come over us with a beauty that is not of earth, and then pass off to leave us to muse on their loveliness? Why is it that the stars which hold their festival around the midnight throne are set above the grasp of our limited faculties, forever mocking us with their unapproachable glory? And finally, why is it that bright forms of human beauty are presented to our view and then taken from us, leaving the thousand streams of our affections to flow back in an Alpine torrent upon our hearts? There is a realm where the rain- bow never fades; where the stars will be spread out before us like the islands that slumber on the ocean, and where the beau- tiful beings which pass before us like shadows will stay forever in our pres- ence."
I have fought a good fight. I have often fal- . tered, but I have kept up the race. I have been besieged all my life with doubts, but I have kept my faith. I look forward to the Great Adven- ture which cannot now be far off, with awe, but not with apprehension. I enjoy my work, my home, my friends, my life I shall be sorry to part with them. But always I have stood in the bow looking forward with hopeful anticipation to the life before me. When the time comes for my embarkation and I put out to sea, I think I shall still be standing in the bow looking forward with eager curiosity and glad hopefulness to the new world to which the unknown voyage will bring me .- Dr. Lyman Abbott.
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[CHAPTER LXV.]
HISTORIC NAMES OF INDIANA COUNTIES
INDICATIVE OF APPRECIATION OF PATRIOTIC. DEEDS OR EPOCH-MAKING EVENTS
(By Carl Schurz Lowden, in Indianapolis Star.)
OLDIERS are early risers, not S so much by their own nature as by the character of their trade or occupation; but the little army of William Henry Harrison all arose at 4 o'clock on the morning of the seventh day of November, 1811. Tecumseh and his Indian warriors, whose number is esti- mated at one thousand, descended upon the seven hundred pioneers, who were sur- prised by but not unready for the sudden and terrific onslaught.
William Henry Harrison was a wily commander, accustomed to the exigencies of Indian warfare. For a night attack the order of his encampment was the order of strategic defense. Each man slept im- mediately opposite to his post. Single file was adopted in the formation of the troops in order to get as great an extension of the lines as possible.
Though taken by surprise and having sustained a severe loss in the first on- slaught of the enemy, Harrison rallied his soldiers and maintained a steady resist- ance until daylight came. At this time he ordered a charge, and his troops thereupon drove Tecumseh's warriors into the swamps and broke up the attack of the enemy. The battle was won, with a loss of thirty-seven killed on the field, twenty- five mortally wounded and 126 wounded. Forty of the tribesmen met death in the conflict, and the number of their wounded has never been determined.
The next day the troops finished their task of destroying all that remained of Prophet's Town. The Indian warriors re- turned to their own tribes, as they had lost
faith in their prophet and leader, the val- orous Tecumseh. During the battle he had stood on a small piece of elevated ground and urged his warriors with a favorite war song. He assured them the victory would be easy and that the bullets of the white men would be made harmless by the Great Spirit.
From the date of the historic battle on the Tippecanoe and thenceforth the power of the Indian resistance in this State was definitely broken. Harrison's triumph figured in his ascendancy to the presidency of the United States. The county of Har- rison in this State was named after the doughty commander and the county of Gibson drew its name from the man who was acting Governor during Harrison's absence in his campaigns against the In- dian enemy.
The battle of Tippecanoe was far-reach- ing. It was of an epochal nature with ref- erence to the formation of this State, and when the question of a name was consid- ered the influence of the Indian resistance to the occupation of his country by the white man was so vivid that they com- memorated it in the name of the State, which was christened Indiana.
A large number of officers were killed in the battle. Seven of these are remem- bered in the names of seven of the coun- ties: White, Randolph, Owens, Daviess, Spencer, Warrick and Floyd. The man who had charge of the guides and spies in the Tippecanoe campaign was Touissant Dubois. a Frenchman, and the county of Dubois honors him with its name.
Other Indian warfare is responsible for the christening of six counties. Captain
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HISTORY INDIANA DEMOCRACY-1816-1916
William Wells was a victim of the Fort Dearborn massacre. Samuel and Moses Grant of Kentucky gave up their lives in resisting the tribesmen. Major Fountain of Kentucky succumbed in the battle of the Maumee in 1790. Daniel Sullivan, a messenger of Captain Clark, who captured Vincennes, was killed while serving his captain in that capacity. Captain William Crawford was captured and burned at the stake in Ohio in 1782. Clark county was named in honor of the Captain Clark pre- viously mentioned, who was a famous fighter and explorer.
Four counties received their christening from four Indian words. Miami is the name of an Indian tribe, and Tippecanoe is an Indian word, which means "at the great clearing." Delaware was also a tribal name. Ohio is an Iroquois word, mean- ing "beautiful river." Rivers and lakes figure in the naming of five counties. Lake gets its title from Lake Michigan, and the following four from rivers: St. Joseph, Elkhart, Vermilion and Wabash. The lat- ter is a term of the red man for "white water."
In the names of its counties the State of Indiana honors twenty soldiers. Prac- tically the whole of these had fought at one time or another against the tribesmen and had also participated actively in the war of the revolution. The remembered heroes of the struggle for independence are: Gen- eral John Starke, Sergeant John Newton, Sergeant William Jasper, killed in the Sa- vannah siege; General Francis Warren, General Israel Putnam, General Francis Marion, General "Mad Anthony" Wayne, General Daniel Morgan, General Nathaniel Greene and General Henry Knox.
Daniel Boone, the famous Kentucky pioneer and Indian fighter, gave his name to Boone county. General Zebulon M. Pike, the great explorer who discovered Pike's Peak, gave his name to Pike county. Other soldiers who figured in the christen- ing of Indiana's counties are: Colonel Wil-
liam Whitley, Colonel William Allen of Kentucky, General T. A. Howard of In- diana, General Richard Montgomery, killed in the assault upon Quebec; Colonel Francis Vigo, General Jacob Brown, com- mander-in-chief of the United States army from 1821 to 1828; General Eleazor Rip- ley and Colonel John P. Martin.
Naval commanders are commemorated as follows: Commodore David Porter, who served in the civil war; Commodore Stephen Decatur; Captain James Law- rence, who fought on Lake Erie in 1812, and Commodore Hazard Perry. The names of four judges are in the list of Indiana counties : John Marshall, chief justice of the United States; Isaac Blackford, judge of the Indiana Supreme Court; John John- son, judge of the Indiana Supreme Court, and Henry Vanderburg, who was judge of the first State court. Three signers of the Declaration of Independence (not named elsewhere, but who figured in the christening of the counties) are Samuel Huntington of Connecticut, Charles Car- roll of Maryland and John Hancock, whose signature was so bold that he said the King would have no need for spectacles in deciphering it.
Early Governor of Indiana and the Gov- ernors of States which were admitted to the Union before our own State contrib- uted ten names to the Hoosier counties. These are as follows: Noah Noble (In- diana), General Lewis Cass (Michigan), DeWitt Clinton (New York), John Jay (New York), William Hendricks (In- diana), General Isaac Shelby (Kentucky), Jonathan Jennings (Indiana), John Gib- son (acting Governor of Indiana Terri- tory), General Charles Scott (Kentucky) and General Thomas Posey (Indiana).
The roll of Presidents whose names honor Indiana counties numbers seven : John Quincy Adams, James Madison, James Monroe, George Washington, An- drew Jackson, Thomas Jefferson and Wil- liam Henry Harrison. Nine counties bear
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HISTORY INDIANA DEMOCRACY-1816-1916
the names of senators and statesmen: Senator Thomas H. Benton (Missouri), Senator John Tipton (Indiana), Alexan- der Hamilton, and Benjamin Parke (In- diana), Patrick Henry (Virginia), Henry Clay (Kentucky), Senator Joseph Barthol- omew (Indiana), Benjamin Franklin, and General Henry Dearborn, President Jef- ferson's Secretary of War.
Rush county honors Dr. Benjamin Rush of Philadelphia, and Fulton county pays homage to the inventor of the steamboat, Robert Fulton. Switzerland county was named in honor of the old country, and Orange got its title from a North Carolina county which commemorated William IV, .prince of Orange. Union county was so called because it was made by a combina- tion of sections of Fayette and Wayne counties.
The influence of foreign notables, some of whom took a residence in this country and became American citizens, is shown by the fact that seven of the State districts
obtained their names from this and simi- lar sources. Lagrange was the home of the Marquis de Lafayette. Baron von Steuben fought in the war of the revolu- tion and Baron De Kalb sacrificed his life for American liberty in the same conflict. Kosciusko was a Polish patriot-likewise Count Casimir Pulaski. Fayette county obtained its title from the name of the French marquis previously mentioned. Laporte is a combination of two French words, meaning "the door" and signifying a plain bounded by mountains or forests.
And so it is that the names of our coun- ties embrace the many years of Indian warfare, the struggle of the colonies for independence, and the war of 1812 against Great Britain. The name of each county connotes certain events in which the citi- zens should have a just pride and which should become, either indirectly or direct- ly, a part of the county's tradition and his- tory.
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HISTORY INDIANA DEMOCRACY-1816-1916 WHEN STATES WERE ADMITTED INTO THE UNION
THIRTEEN ORIGINAL STATES RATIFIED THE CONSTITUTION
Delaware .1787
December 7
South Carolina 1788.
May 23
Pennsylvania 1787
December 12
New Hampshire
1788
.June 21
New Jersey 1787 December 18
Virginia
1788
June 26
Georgia
1788
January 2
New York
1788.
July 26
Connecticut
.1788
January 9
North Carolina 1789. November 21
Massachusetts 1788
February 6
Rhode Island
1790
May 29
Maryland
1788
April 28
STATES ADMITTED TO THE UNION
Vermont
1791
March 4
Minnesota
1858
. May 11
Kentucky
1792
June 1
Oregon
1859
February 14
Tennessee
1796
June 1
Kansas
1861.
January 29
Ohio
1803
February 19
West Virginia
1863.
.June 19
Louisiana
. 1812
April
30
Nevada
1864.
October 31
Indiana
1816
December
11
Nebraska
1867
. March 1
Mississippi
1817
December 10
Colorado
1876.
August 1
Illinois
1818
. December 3
North Dakota
1889
November 2
Alabama
1819
December 14
South Dakota
1889.
November 2
Maine
1820
March 15
Montana
1889
November 8
Missouri
1821
August 10
Washington
1889 November 11
Arkansas
1836.
.June 15
Idaho
1890
.July 3
Michigan
1837
January 26
Wyoming
1890
July 11
Florida
1845
March 3
Utah
1896.
January 4
Texas
1845
December 29
Oklahoma
1907
November 16
Iowa
1846.
December 28
New Mexico
1912
January 6
Wisconsin
1848
May 29
Arizona
1912.
February 14
California
1850
September 9
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[CHAPTER LXVI.]
AFTER EIGHT YEARS OF ADVERSITY
REPUBLICAN SUPREMACY IS RESTORED IN INDIANA
HE service rendered the Indiana T Democracy by Governor Hanly, resulting in the election of three of the Democratic nomi- nees on the State ticket of 1908, and the much larger service rendered by Theodore Roose- velt in splitting the Republican party in two in the year of our Lord 1912, ceased to be operative in 1916. By dint of per- sistent and well-directed effort on the part of sagacious leaders, the process of elimi- nating the Progressive party met with (to them) a pleasing reward in the State of In- diana. The chief credit from a party point of view for bringing about this state of affairs belongs to James P. Goodrich, William H. Hays and Charles W. Fair- banks. In good season these leaders ex- erted themselves to the utmost to conciliate the warring elements. And they kept at it as long as the task in hand required such application of conciliatory effort. No- where in the Union was there done more effective work in this particular than in the State of Indiana.
Both the Democratic and the Republican State tickets were headed by experienced political leaders and adroit mixers. Good- rich had the advantage of a wider experi- ence in political activity than that enjoyed by his Democratic competitor, Congress- man J. A. M. Adair. The latter had for more than a decade devoted his time and attention mainly to his own district, while Goodrich had opportunity of taking in the entire State by serving several terms as State chairman and later on as a member of the Republican national committee. Both candidates enjoyed excellent reputa- tions as men of affairs, both being inter- ested in banking and real estate. Good- rich, at the time of making the guberna- torial race, probably had a more exten-
sive personal acquaintance throughout the State than any other prominent figure in Indiana politics. It is the consensus of opinion that no State in the Union had a better-working party machinery than that operated for more than four years by its resourceful, alert and sagacious chairman, W. H. Hays. Had he been at the head of the Republican national committee, in- stead of a provincial New Yorker, some very serious blunders would surely have been avoided.
The net outcome of the 1916 contest in Indiana was the election of fifteen Hughes and Fairbanks electors, the gain of two United States Senators, the election of nine of the thirteen members of Congress, the election of the entire State ticket, headed by James P. Goodrich, and secur- ing a decisive majority in the lower house of the General Assembly, the Senate be- ing made a tie. The figures in detail make this illuminating showing :
PRESIDENTIAL VOTE.
Hughes and Fairbanks .341,005
Wilson and Marshall .334,063
Socialistic Elector 21,855
Prohibition Elector
16,368
Progressive Elector 3,898
Social Labor Elector
1,659
Total
718,848
VOTE FOR GOVERNOR.
James P. Goodrich, Republican .337,831
John A. M. Adair, Democrat. 325,060
William W. Farmer, Socialist. 22,156
Alfred L. Moudy, Prohibitionist. 15,454
Thomas A. Dailey, Progressive 4,573
Joe B. Trunko, Social Labor.
1,553
Total 706,627
VOTE FOR LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR.
Edgar D. Bush, Republican. .337,308
Mason J. Niblack, Democrat .324,174
Samuel S. Condo, Socialist 21,623
Albert Stanley, Prohibition. . 15,479
Milo J. Bowman, Jr., Progressive 4,507
William Holmes, Social Labor 1,573
Total. 704,664
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HISTORY INDIANA DEMOCRACY-1816-1916
It will be observed that the vote for presidential electors is 12,221 larger than that for Governor, and 14,184 larger than that for Lieutenant-Governor. Much of this difference is due to the persistence with which some thousands of voters, edu- cated under the original Australian ballot law, adhere to the practice of marking the head of the ticket, under the delusion that by so doing they are giving their vote to the entire ticket. In the figures indicat- ing the vote for the several presidential nominees the votes cast for the respective heads of the tickets are invariably given. On all presidential tickets the electors be- low the one first named invariably polled fewer votes than the "head of the ticket." Of course, there are some voters who are content with voting for President only. Happily there are not many of these.
Though Hughes received 3,174 more votes than Goodrich, the Hughes plurality is only 6,942, while Goodrich's lead over Adair is 12,771. Adair ran 9,003 votes behind the first man on the Wilson and Marshall electoral ticket. There was quite a difference in the number of votes cast for the candidates on the various electoral tickets. If all voters understood the real purpose of the electoral system they would quit such foolishness and cast their ballots for the entire electoral ticket, regardless of the individuals named thereon. The voter who favored Wilson or Hughes at the 1916 election ought to have voted for all of the fifteen electors on the respective tickets. That would have been in full accord with the aim and purpose of the electoral system.
OTHER REPUBLICAN STATE PLURALITIES.
Ed Jackson, Secretary of State. 14,175
Otto L. Klauss, Auditor of State 13,432
Uz McMurtie, Treasurer of State. 12,194
Ele Stansbury, Attorney-General. 12,871
Horace Ellis, Superintendent of Public In- struction 13,240
Henry A. Roberts, Chief of Bureau of Sta- tistics 13,508
David A. Myers, Judge Supreme Court. . . . 13,616 Lawson M. Harvey, Judge Supreme Court. 13,292
Will H. Adams, Reporter Supreme Court .. 13,758 Ira C. Batesman, Judge Appellate Court .. 12,273 Ethan Allen Dausman, Judge Appellate Court 13,553
The result of the 1916 election renders the political complexion of the Supreme Court three Democrats to two Republic- ans. J. Fred France, Democrat, has two years longer to serve as Reporter of the Supreme Court.
VOTE FOR UNITED STATES SENATOR.
-Long Term --
Harry S. New, Republican .337,089
John W. Kern, Democrat. .325,588
Joseph Zimmerman, Socialist. 21,558
Elwood Haynes, Prohibitionist. 15,598
John Napir Dyer, Progressive. 4,272
Ira J. Baker, Social Labor 1,562
-Short Term-
James E. Watson, Republican .335,193
Thomas Taggart, Democrat. .325,577
Edward Henry, Socialist. 21,626
Rev. William H. Hickman, Prohibitionist. 16,095
John F. Clifford, Progressive. 4,798
It will be observed that there is a differ- ence of only eleven in the vote for the two Democratic nominees for United States Senator-John W. Kern and Thomas Tag- gart. The difference in the votes for New and Watson is 1,896 in favor of New.
CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION.
The effect of inducing the Republicans and the Progressives to get together is made strikingly apparent by the vastly changed make-up of the Indiana delega- tion in Congress. Instead of electing only two, as in 1914, they succeeded in electing nine of the thirteen. The Republicans chosen at this election are:
District. Plurality.
Second-Oscar E. Bland.
1,005
Fifth-Everett Sanders 692
Sixth-Daniel W. Comstock 978
Seventh-Merrill Moores.
Eighth-Albert H. Vestal 6,130
2,281
Ninth-Fred S. Purnell
3,165
Tenth-Will R. Wood. 8,818
Eleventh-Milton Kraus 428
Twelfth-Louis Wm. Fairfield 3,170
Total pluralities 26,467
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HISTORY INDIANA DEMOCRACY-1816-1916
On the vote for members of Congress in the thirteen districts the Republican net plurality is 20,774.
The four Democrats and their plurali- ties are :
First-George F. Denton 323
Third-William E. Cox 2,907
Fourth-Lincoln Dixon. 2,172
Thirteenth-Henry A. Barnhart. 291
Total pluralities 5,693
The unsuccessful Democratic candidates were: William A. Cullop in the Second; Ralph W. Moss in the Fifth; Finley H. Gray in the Sixth; Chalmer Schlosser in the Seventh (Indianapolis) ; Jacob F. Denny in the Eighth; David F. Maish in the Ninth; George E. Hershman in the Tenth; George W. Rauch in the Eleventh ; Cyrus Cline in the Twelfth. Of these nine Cullop, Moss, Gray, Rauch and Cline were candidates for re-election.
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