USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Lincoln > Town Report on Lincoln 1935-1940 > Part 6
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(b) All brick chimneys shall be built of hard burned brick, plastered outside below the roofing after having been examined and approved by the Inspector of Buildings, except that out- side plaster may be omitted in exposed portions of said chimneys. Said chimneys shall be topped-out with brick or stone, laid in cement and the topping-out shall not have more than one and one-half inches projection unless the bricks are covered by a cap of stone or other non-combustible material in one piece, properly secured, and approved by the Inspector of Buildings. In no case shall a nail be driven into the masonry
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PROPOSE D BUILDING CODE
of any flue. All chimneys with less than eight inch walls shall be lined with vitrified clay flue-lining, and shall be pro- vided with a convenient clean-out at the base of each flue.
(c) All hearths shall be supported upon trimmer arches of brick, cement or stone or upon bars of iron supporting a bed of brick work to the satisfaction of the Inspector of Buildings and shall be at least nine inches longer than the width of the fireplace openings, and at least eighteen inches wide in front of the chimney breast. Wooden centering, supporting a trimmer arch shall be removed before plastering.
(d) Brick work of all grates, fireplaces and ranges shall be not less than eight inches thick. No woodwork shall be secured to the brick work of any flue. Open fireplaces shall be fireproof foundations, and unless brick work is twelve inches thick, shall have a two-inch lining of fire brick or other material approved by the Inspector of Buildings.
Sec. 10. Fireproofing Details.
(a) No furnace or range set in masonry shall hereafter be placed or its location changed in any building without a permit from the Inspector of Buildings who shall prescribe such regu- lations for the setting and placing thereof as, in his judgment, public safety may require.
(b) The top of every heating furnace or steam boiler shall be kept at least one foot below the lowest part of the ceiling or floor next above it and such protective covering shall be placed on the ceiling as the Inspector of Buildings may require.
(c) No smoke pipe in any building with wooden or com- bustible floors or ceiling shall hereafter enter any flue except at a distance of not less than twelve inches from the floor or ceiling and in all cases where smoke pipes pass through stud or wooden partitions of any kind, whether the same be plas- tered or not, they shall be guarded by a soapstone ring or its equivalent, having a thickness radial to said pipe of not less than one and one-half inches, and extending through said partition. Where smoke pipes pass through woodwork of any kind to enter flue in brick chimney, the space between wood- work and smoke pipe must be protected with a double pipe, vented collar or its equivalent. A thimble must be built into the brick work extending to the inside of the flue lining to secure the smoke pipe.
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(d) All register boxes shall be set in soapstone or similar borders not less than two inches in width, and said boxes back of such borders shall be surrounded by an open space of not less than one inch in all directions, and when required by the Inspector of Buildings, the timbers and flooring surrounding the boxes shall be protected by sheet metal as he may direct.
(e) All chutes and shafts, unless built of brick, must be filled in flush between the wooden studs with fireproof ma- terials, or lined with metal or plastered on metal lathing as may be directed by the Inspector of Buildings, and all wood- work inside of such chutes or shafts shall be lined with tin plate lock-jointed.
(f) Where floor timbers rest on partition caps or on girders, wall girts or wooden sills, the space between such beams, from the caps, girders, girts or sills to a point four inches above the floor, shall be filled solid with brick and mortar or other fire- proof material.
(g) Where basement or other flights of stairs are enclosed by partitions of brick or wood, the space between the studs of wall furring must be so fire-stopped with brick or mortar as to effectually prevent any fire from passing up between such studs or furring back of the stair stringers.
(h) Between the stringers of all stairs a proper smoke stop shall be constructed.
(i) No pipes for conveying hot air shall be placed nearer than two inches to any woodwork unless protected to the satisfaction of the Inspector of Buildings by suitable guards or casings of incombustible material.
(j) No wooden flue or ducts of any description shall be used for heating or ventilating purposes except that wooden air ducts may be used to convey cold air to heating furnaces. All woodwork of such wooden ducts shall be at least three feet from the outside of the outer shell of the furnace.
(k) A space of at least one inch shall be left between all woodwork, and the chimneys; the spaces around chimneys and pipes where they pass through the floors shall be stopped with metal or other fireproof material, smoke tight, nailed to the floor. Steam pipes shall have metal sleeves and collars one-half inch larger in diameter than the pipe.
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(l) All channels and pockets for gas, water and soil pipes shall be made smoke tight at each floor.
(m) In every building used as a habitation, the attic shall be partitioned so that no one open area therein shall exceed 600 square feet.
(n) In every dwelling the attic shall have such means of ventilation as may be required by the Inspector of Buildings.
Sec. 12. Garages.
(a) All garages built beneath or against the superstructure of a dwelling shall be enclosed by fireproof walls and ceilings without openings to the inside of the dwelling, except one door for entrance to cellar. Such door must be equipped with a self-closing device and be metal covered on the garage side. All external doors shall be metal covered on the inside. All windows shall have metal frames with wired glass.
(b) No building shall hereafter be constructed as a public garage and no existing building which is not at present used as a public garage shall hereafter be altered or used as a public garage, unless the same shall have fireproof walls, concrete floor, and a roof or ceiling of fireproof or semi-fireproof con- struction approved by the Inspector of Buildings.
(c) No public garage shall hereafter be located within or attached to a building occupied for any other purpose unless the portion used as a public garage is separated from the por- tion of the building otherwise occupied by a wall or fireproof construction with no openings therein except such as are equipped with self-closing fire doors, and the walls, floors and ceilings are of fireproof or semi-fireproof construction approved by the Inspector of Buildings.
Chapter 3. Plumbing
Section 1. Wherever the word "Inspector" appears in this Chapter it shall be construed to mean the Inspector of Plumb- ing, if one has been appointed, and if no Inspector of Plumbing has been appointed, it shall be construed to mean the Inspector of Buildings.
Sec. 2. No plumbing work, except repair of leaks shall be done in any building before a permit is secured.
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Sec. 3. Upon written application of a Registered Plumber in the form and with such specifications and drawings of the proposed work as may be required by the Inspector, and pay- ment of the required fee, said Inspector shall grant a written permit to do the plumbing described therein if the proposed work conforms to the provisions of law and the By-laws of the Town.
Sec. 4. The Permit Fee shall be:
(a) For new work, $2.00.
(b) For alterations or addition to existing work:
(1) Costing less than $50, nothing.
(2) Costing $50 or more, $1.00.
Sec. 5. Inspection.
(a) No pipes or other fixtures shall be covered or concealed from view until approved by the Inspector, who shall examine and test the same within two working days after receiving written notice to do so.
(b) No plumbing shall be approved unless the wastes, vents, back air pipe and traps have, when roughed in, been tested in the presence of the Inspector and approved by him.
Sec. 6. Water Closets.
(a) Every building used for habitation shall have such num- ber of water closets as the Inspector may require.
(b) No water closet shall be installed in any room that is not provided with adequate light and ventilation by a window with an area of at least three square feet opening directly to the external air.
(c) Water closets must be supplied with water from a tank above, or by flush valves, which in turn are supplied by a tank or other adequate supply capable of delivering five gallons of water to the closet in ten seconds. The flush pipe must be at least 14 inches in diameter.
Sec. 7. Drainage System.
(a) The plumbing of each building shall be connected with a septic tank or cesspool, the location or construction of which must be approved by the Inspector. If a cesspool is used it shall have a top of stone, reinforced concrete or arched brick, with suitable iron rim and cover, and be located at least ten feet from any cellar wall.
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PROPOSED BUILDING CODE
(b) The soil pipe and drainage pipe of every building shall be extra heavy cast iron and of sufficient size to receive, and allow freely to pass, all that should enter the same.
(c) All drainage pipes shall have a pitch of not less than } inch per foot; shall extend from a point ten feet outwardly from the inside of the cellar wall to a point not less than two feet above the roof and one foot above any window or opening within ten feet. Connections and changes in direction shall be made with long angle and long sweep bends or Y branches, and shall have suitable cleanouts.
(d) Soil and waste pipes shall not have less than the follow- ing diameters:
Minimum branch waste 14 inches
Branch waste for urinals
1} inches
Branch waste for sinks
12 inches
Branch waste for wash trays
12 inches
Main waste 2 inches
Soil Pipe 4 inches
(e) All joints in iron pipes, soil or vent pipes shall be caulked gas and water tight, with oakum and molten lead or similar material approved by the Inspector. Joints of lead pipe with iron pipe shall be made by soldering the same into brass ferrules by means of a full sized wiped joint and caulking the ferrules to cast iron pipes or screwing them in wrought iron pipes. Wrought iron pipe must be galvanized and of standard weight and shall be used only above ground. When used for waste or drip it shall have galvanized recessed drainage fittings. When used for vents ordinary galvanized fittings may be used.
Brass pipe for soil, waste and vent pipe shall be annealed, seamless drawn tubing of not less than No. 13 Stubbs gauge.
Brass fittings used for waste or drip shall be recessed, but ordinary fittings may be used on vents.
(f) Brass and galvanized iron pipe and fittings shall be con- nected together by sharp tapered threads with red lead or graphite. No slip joints, unions or flanges shall be used on threaded wastes or vents except that slip joints may be used on house side of traps to connect fixtures.
Copper pipe and fittings known as "Mueller Stream Line" may be used if approved by the Inspector.
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TOWN OF LINCOLN
Lead pipe shall be of the following diameters and weights:
1} ins. - 2} lbs. per ft. 5 ft. maximum length
12 ins. - 3 lbs. per ft. 5 ft. maximum length
2 ins. - 4 lbs. per ft.
5 ft. maximum length
3 ins. - 6 lbs. per ft. 3 ft. maximum length
4 ins. - 8 lbs. per ft. 2 ft. maximum length
Lead bends and traps shall correspond to the above weights.
(g) Brass sleeves for connecting lead and cast iron pipes shall be extra heavy, at least ยง inch thick and made of cast red metal. Brass solder nipples for connecting lead and threaded pipes shall be either cast red metal or seamless drawn tubing, size and weight corresponding with the pipe to be connected. In connecting lead pipes together or brass caulking or soldering nipples, full size wiped joints shall be used. Cleanouts, plugs, stoppers or any other fittings used in drainage system shall correspond in weight and material with above description.
(h) Drain, soil, waste and vent pipes shall be supported every five feet on horizontal runs by supports or by overhead iron hangers and at least once to every story on vertical lines by pipe rests at floor or clamps, drive-hooks or hangers to walls.
(i) The waste pipe of every independent fixture shall be furnished with a separate trap which shall be placed as near as practicable to the fixture which it serves.
(j) Every fixture connected with the drainage system shall be equipped with separate trap except when two sinks or two basins or a sink and four or less wash trays adjoin one trap shall be sufficient. All fixture traps shall be protected from syphon- age or air pressure by special vent pipes having a diameter not less than that of the waste pipe and connected with the waste pipe at a point not lower than the seal of the trap. Vent pipes from water closets shall be of not less than 2 inches in diameter.
(k) No drip or overflow pipes from safes under water closets, urinals or other fixtures, no overflow pipes from tanks or cisterns, no waste pipes from refrigerators or other recep- tacles for storage of food, no rain water conductors, no steam exhaust or steam waste pipes shall be connected with any soil pipe.
(l) None of the provisions of the foregoing sections shall
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PROPOSED BUILDING CODE
apply to the drainage system of barns or stables, except those provisions which tend to make such system conform to plans approved by the Board of Health or to orders issued by it.
Sec. 8. Ranges and Boilers.
(a) Permits must be obtained from the Inspector by a registered Plumber for the installation or replacement of domestic hot water heater boilers, or connections from boiler to heating unit.
(b) Every closed tank or boiler hereafter installed, which is to be used for storage and supply of hot water shall, unless supplied directly from an open tank in the building, have an approved relief vacuum and temperature valve. No iron pipe shall be used between boiler and heating unit.
Sec. 9. Special Traps.
Every building from which grease may be discharged in such quantities as to clog or injure the drain or sewer, or in which gasoline or other inflammable compounds are used, shall be provided with a special trap satisfactory to the Inspector.
Chapter 4. Electric Wiring
Section 1. Wherever the word Inspector appears in this Chapter it shall be construed to mean the Inspector of Wiring, if appointed, and if no Inspector of Wiring has been appointed, it shall be construed to mean the Inspector of Buildings.
Sec. 2. An application for a permit to install, materially alter or remove electric wiring in any building shall, before any such work is done upon the premises, be filed with the Inspector by a duly licensed electrician, together with such plans and specifications as the Inspector may require, and the required fee.
Sec. 3. Minor ordinary repairs of wiring or fixtures and the addition of not more than four outlets to existing systems shall not be deemed material alterations and may be done by a duly licensed electrician without a permit.
Sec. 4. The Permit Fee shall be:
(a) For new work, $2.00.
(b) For alterations or additions to existing work:
(1) Costing less than $25, nothing,
(2) Costing $25 to $100, 50 cents.
(3) Costing $100 or more, $1.00.
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TOWN OF LINCOLN
Sec. 5. All electric wiring shall hereafter be done in accord- ance with the rules in the latest edition of the "National Electrical Code," the By-laws of the Town and must be ap- proved by the Inspector.
Sec. 6. Service conduit or cable must extend to the point of attachment of overhead wires on all buildings and on dwell- ings at least to the top of second story windows.
Sec. 7. No service wires shall be located on a building so that they may be reached from a window, piazza or any other occupied portion of a building.
Sec. 8. Service wires should not be attached to a building in a way that will interfere with raising of ladders by fire department.
Sec. 9. Every lighting service must be grounded to Town water supply if available, and if not, in some other approved manner.
Sec. 10. Service ground wire shall be identified, and run in conduit to the street side of water shut-off.
Sec. 11. Parkway cable or lead covered wires in conduit shall be used for underground conductors.
Sec. 12. At no time shall service ground wire or conduit be left unbonded from water pipe.
Sec. 13. Convenience outlets in kitchens or laundries must be on an independent circuit.
Sec. 14. The ends of all armoured cable must have suitable bushings.
. Sec. 15. Armoured cable connectors must be of the squeeze type.
Sec. 16. Junction boxes and fittings for armoured cable, conduit or tubing must be accessible.
Sec. 17. Bathroom lights must be controlled by a wall switch outside or just inside the bathroom door, and the fixture must have a keyless socket.
Sec. 18. Bell transformers must be protected by a 3 amp. fuse.
Sec. 19. All fuse cutouts must be enclosed in a metal box.
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PROPOSED BUILDING CODE
Sec. 20. All fixtures must be wired with the grounded wire connected to the shell of the socket.
Sec. 21. All light sockets in cellars or basement must be of porcelain or bakelite.
Sec. 22. No lighting fixtures in kitchen or laundry shall be connected to any heating appliance circuit.
Sec. 23. All outside lights exposed to weather must be controlled by a wall switch.
Sec. 24. All motors of } h. p. or more shall be wired on independent circuits.
Sec. 25. All motors over 4 h. p. shall be controlled by an externally operated safety switch.
Sec. 26. The frames of all motors shall be grounded.
Sec. 27. Refrigerator motors less than } h. p. may be used on a branch circuit having not more than eight sockets.
Sec. 28. Conductors for motors shall be of ample size to take care of starting current.
Sec. 29. Oil burners controlled and operated by electricity must be on an independent circuit.
Sec. 30. Each oil burner installation must have a safety switch at the top of the cellar stairs.
Sec. 31. All power and light wiring in public garages, filling stations, and gasoline pumps must be done according to "hazardous location" rules of "National Electric Code."
Sec. 32. In garages and damp places no drop cords shall end within six feet of uninsulated floors and the sockets shall be porcelain or bakelite.
Sec. 33. Chain insulators must be used on all pull sockets which are within reach of grounded fixtures, such as sink, wash bowls, radiators, etc., and all such sockets shall be of porcelain or bakelite.
Sec. 34. All joints must be securely soldered and taped with rubber and friction tape.
Sec. 35. Not more than twelve sixty watt bulbs and four convenience outlets shall be placed or used on one circuit.
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TOWN OF LINCOLN
REPORT OF THE ZONING BY-LAW COMMITTEE
The committee appointed to consider changes in the zoning by-laws submit the following report :
The committee was organized by the choice of George G. Tarbell as chairman and Harland B. Newton as secretary.
A public hearing was held on December 4th, to provide an opportunity for citizens to submit their views as to needed changes in the by-laws. From this meeting and from sug- gestions that have been made to us we submit certain changes. Some are purely technical. The General Laws relative to zoning were rewritten since the adoption of our law and we recommend changes where needed so that references in our law will coincide with the new section numbers of the statutes.
We submit herewith suggested changes in the by-laws and attach brief explanations of the changes recommended, noting as "technical" those which merely correct a reference to the General Laws.
Recommendations for Changes
Section 2. Add.
(o) Line of way or street line: The line of the taking or lay-out where a taking has been made or a lay-out has been approved by the Board of Survey; where no taking has been made then a line parallel with and twenty (20) feet on either side of the center line of the travelled way.
Substitute for Section 3, (a), (b), (c), the following:
Section 3.
(a) As provided in Section 29, Chapter 40 of the General Laws as amended, the provisions of this by-law shall be administered by the Selectmen until such time as there shall be an Inspector of the Buildings.
(b) A Board of Appeals is hereby established in accordance with Section 30 of Chapter 40 of the General Laws as amended and shall consist of five members. All mem- bers of the Board of Appeals shall be citizens of Lin- coln, and shall serve, one for the term of one year, one for the term of two years, one for the term of three
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REPORT OF THE ZONING BY-LAW COMMITTEE
years, one for the term of four years, and one for the term of five years, and thereafter one member shall be chosen annually for a term of five years to succeed the member whose term has expired. The Board of Appeals shall be selected and appointed by the Board of Selectmen according to the General Laws.
(c) No application of any kind shall be approved, the plans, specifications and intended use for which are not in all respects in conformity with this by-law.
(d) No application of any kind shall be approved for any use or exception of use for which a permit by the Board of Appeals is required under this by-law until the applicant has secured the written permit of the Board of Appeals.
Section 12.
Change "10,000 square feet" to read "40,000 square feet."
Add after the last word "fulfilled" the words "and provided that the Board of Appeals may authorize a variance in accordance with the provisions of Section 30 of the General Laws, as amended, where a literal enforcement of the provisions of the by-laws would involve substantial hardship to the appellant and where desirable relief may be granted without sub- stantial detriment to the public good and without substantial 'derogation from the intent or purpose of such ordinance or by-law, provided, however, that the Board of Appeals shall not authorize hereunder the erection of a one-family house on any lot of less than 20,000 square feet.
Section 14.
(a) Change "neighborhood store districts" to read "busi- ness districts." Change "25 feet" to read "40 feet."
Section 15. Add.
(e) In the event that any non-conforming building or structure existing at the time of passage of the zoning by-laws is destroyed or damaged it may be recon- structed and used as before said destruction or damage, provided, that the reconstruction is commenced within
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TOWN OF LINCOLN
one year from the date of destruction or damage and the building or structure completed and the use re- sumed within a reasonable time thereafter. Nothing in this by-law shall be construed to permit the recon- struction or resumption of use of a building or struc- ture destroyed or damaged except substantially as existed prior to said destruction or damage.
(f) In residence districts the removal for sale of sod, loam, clay, sand, gravel, or quarried stone, except when inci- dental to and in connection with the construction of a building for which a permit has been issued or except where it is to be used within the limits of the Town shall be deemed a non-conforming use of land, and shall be permitted only if written permission of the Board of Appeals be obtained, in accordance with the provisions of Section 21 (a), and under such conditions as the Board of Appeals may impose and make a part of the permit. The Board of Appeals shall, in each instance, impose such conditions as will protect the neighbor- hood and the Town against permanent and temporary hazards because of conditions which may be left after operations are completed, or because of the methods of handling such material at the site, or of transporting such material through the Town.
Section 20.
(a) Change "Section 27 and 27A of the General Laws," to read "Section 30 and 30A, Chapter 40 of the General Laws, as amended."
Section 21.
(d) Change "Section 27A, Chapter 40 of the General Laws," to read "Section 30, Chapter 40 of the General Laws, as amended." Add.
(e) Permit the erection and use of not more than two additional gasoline filling stations on the Cambridge Turnpike under such reasonable rules and regulations as they may impose and subject to the issuance of a permit for the sale and storage of gasoline by the Selectmen, having due regard to the needs and safety
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REPORT OF ZONING BY-LAW COMMITTEE
of the travelling public and the character and prox- imity of adjoining structures and the general welfare of the inhabitants provided that no such variance shall be allowed by the Board of Appeals and no permit for the erection of any buildings or structures shall be issued by the Inspector of Buildings unless and until the plans and specifications for the same are filed with and assented to by the Board of Appeals as to archi- tectural design, having in mind the general character of the Town.
Section 22. Strike out existing section and substitute.
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