USA > Pennsylvania > Chester County > History of Chester County, Pennsylvania, with genealogical and biographical sketches > Part 122
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75 | Part 76 | Part 77 | Part 78 | Part 79 | Part 80 | Part 81 | Part 82 | Part 83 | Part 84 | Part 85 | Part 86 | Part 87 | Part 88 | Part 89 | Part 90 | Part 91 | Part 92 | Part 93 | Part 94 | Part 95 | Part 96 | Part 97 | Part 98 | Part 99 | Part 100 | Part 101 | Part 102 | Part 103 | Part 104 | Part 105 | Part 106 | Part 107 | Part 108 | Part 109 | Part 110 | Part 111 | Part 112 | Part 113 | Part 114 | Part 115 | Part 116 | Part 117 | Part 118 | Part 119 | Part 120 | Part 121 | Part 122 | Part 123 | Part 124 | Part 125 | Part 126 | Part 127 | Part 128 | Part 129 | Part 130 | Part 131 | Part 132 | Part 133 | Part 134 | Part 135 | Part 136 | Part 137 | Part 138 | Part 139 | Part 140 | Part 141 | Part 142 | Part 143 | Part 144 | Part 145 | Part 146 | Part 147 | Part 148 | Part 149 | Part 150 | Part 151 | Part 152 | Part 153 | Part 154 | Part 155 | Part 156 | Part 157 | Part 158 | Part 159 | Part 160 | Part 161 | Part 162 | Part 163 | Part 164 | Part 165 | Part 166 | Part 167 | Part 168 | Part 169 | Part 170 | Part 171 | Part 172 | Part 173 | Part 174 | Part 175 | Part 176 | Part 177 | Part 178 | Part 179 | Part 180 | Part 181 | Part 182 | Part 183 | Part 184 | Part 185 | Part 186 | Part 187 | Part 188 | Part 189 | Part 190 | Part 191 | Part 192 | Part 193 | Part 194 | Part 195 | Part 196 | Part 197 | Part 198 | Part 199 | Part 200 | Part 201 | Part 202 | Part 203 | Part 204 | Part 205 | Part 206 | Part 207 | Part 208 | Part 209 | Part 210 | Part 211 | Part 212 | Part 213 | Part 214 | Part 215 | Part 216 | Part 217 | Part 218 | Part 219 | Part 220
CERUSSITE .- Hardness, 3-5 ; wbite, green, black ; streak, gray to white; brittle; form, hexagonal crystals ; good and regular ; compo- sition, carbonate of lead; found at the lead-mines neur Phoenixville; fuses very readily, yielding.lead ; forms in acids.
ANGLESITE .- Hardness, 3; white, adamantine lustre; streak, white ; brittle; form, beautiful crystals; regular; composition, sulphate of Icad; found at the lead-mines near Phoenixville; fuses readily, but does not foam in acids.
COPPER.
CALCOPYNITE .- IIardness, 4; brass-yellow; streak, green-black ; sectile; form, crystals, massive : uneven, irregular ; composition, cop- per, iron, sulphur ; found at the lead-mines near Phoenixville; re- sembles iron pyrites, but is much softer.
MALACHITE .- Hardness, 3-5; emerald green ; streak, green ; brit- tle ; form, massive, incrusting; smooth, curved; composition, car- bonate of copper; found in Warwick and mines at Phoenixville; colors flame green, foams in acids; valuable ore.
AZURITE .- Ilardness, 4; azure blue; streak, blue; brittle; form, massive; regular, uneven ; composition, carbonate of copper : found in mines near Phoenixville; same as malachite, but of blue color.
CHRYSOCOLLA .- Hardness, 5; sky-blue green ; streak, blue ; brittle; form, massive; curved fracture ; composition, copper and silica; found in Warwick and mines at Phoenixville; found with copper ores ; forms jelly with acids.
ZINC.
CALAMINE .- Hardness, 4-5; white, pale-yellow ; streak, gray ; brit- tle; form, crystals, massive ; regular; composition, silica, zinc, water; found at the mines near Phoenixville; silky tufts and small white or yellowish crystals ; valuable
SPHALTENITE .- Hardness, 4; yellow, brown ; streak, yellow, brown ; brittle; form, crystals, tables, massive; into plates, smooth ; compo- sition, zinc and sulphur ; found at the lead-mines near Phoenixville; bright glistening appearance, waxy lustre mark it; valuable.
RUTILE .- Hardness, 6-7; black, red, adamantine; streak, black- brown; brittle; form, crystals, massive; imperfect; composition, titanium and oxygen; found in Sadsbury, East Bradford, New Gar- den, Thornbury, Londongrove; brown, red color, mitred crystals; "money stone."
PYROLUSITE .- Hardness, 2; gray, iron-black ; streak, black ; scctile, brittle; form, massive; uneven; composition, manganese and oxygen ; found in Osborne's Hill, East Bradford; infusible; the black oxide of manganese in chemistry, wad.
ROCKS.
GNEISS .- A hard, tough or brittle, light or dark rock, composed of quartz, mica, and feldspar. Southeast part of county, and north of North Valley Hill.
MICA SLATE .- Same constituents as gneiss, but of a slaty structure, owing to great excess of mica. In a belt through central and western part of county.
TALC SLATE .- Same as mica slate, but mica is replaced by tale; soft and greasy feel ; associated with mica slate.
SERPENTINE .- Same as mineral serpentine, in the southern gneiss- helt, in southeast of county, in isolated deposits.
LIMESTONE .- Impure calcite, many parts of county, but principally the great belt running length of Great Valley.
SANDSTONE,-Sinall grains of quartz cemented together. A belt runs whole length of North Valley Hill.
RED SANDSTONE .- A soft shaly sandstone, colored red by oxide of iron. In all parts of county north of French Creek.
HORNBLENDE ROCK .- A gneiss in which mica is replaced by horn- blende ; it is of dark color, hard and tough.
TRAP .- An igneous (volcanic) rock, dark, hard, tough, consisting here of feldspar and hornblende closely mixed.
QUARTZ .- Same as mineral quartz, rather a rock constituent than a rock, as it never alone forms hills or mountains.
Scale of Hardness .-* 1. Readily scratched by nail. (Talc.) 2. Scarcely scratched by nail. (Gypsum.) 3. Scratched by a piece of copper. (Calcite.) 4. IIarder than copper, but will not cut glass. (Flucr.) 5. Scratches glass slightly. (Apatite. ) 6. Scarcely scratched by knife. (Feldspar.) 7. Is not scratched by knife. (Quartz.) 8. Cannot be filed, and scratches 7. (Topaz.) 9. Scratches 8. (Corun- dum.) 10. Scratches 9. (Diamond.)
THE ZOOLOGY OF CHESTER COUNTY .*
It is proposed to furnish plain and simple catalogues of the animal, vegetable, and mineral productions of our district,
# Prepared principally by Dr. Ezra Michener.
440
HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
so far as they are known ; but as most animals and plants are diffusive, and more or less cosmopolite in their habits, it has been thought proper to include such extralimital species as are known to have occurred in neighboring dis- triets, and may be sought for in this.
THE MAMMALIA OF CHESTER COUNTY.
I .- MAN.
Man is said to be derivative,-a higher development from the lower grades. Whether this be so, his departure is so great that we can no longer co-ordinate him with his kindred aneestry (?), and must allot him a separate depart- ment.
Bimanide .- The Family of Two-handed Animals.
llomo.
1. sapiens .- Intelligent; endowed with reason. Var. : Caucasian. Mongolian. Ethiopian. American. Malay.
All of which present numerons sub-varieties.
.
II .- INSECTIVORA .- Insect-Eaters.
Vespertilionida .- The Family of the Bats. Nycticejus, Raf.
2. crepuscularis, Le Conte, 1831 .- The Twilight Bat. Lasiurus, Raf.
3. novæboracensis, Le Conte, 1831 .- The New York Bat. Scotophilus, Leach.
4. carolinensis, Geoff., 1806 .- The Carolina Bat.
5. georgianus, F. Cuv., 1832 .- The Georgian Bat.
6. noctivaguns, Le Conte, 1831 .- The Silvery Bat. Vespertilio, Linn.
7. subulatus, Say, 1823 .- Say's Subulate Bat.
8. Incifugus, Le Conte, 1831 .- The Blunt-noscd Bat.
Sorecida .- The Family of the Shrews.
Sorex, Lina., 1754.
9. forsteri, Rich, 1828 .- The Forster's Shrew.
10. platyrhinns, De Kay, 1842 .- The Eared Shrew. Blarina, Gray, 1837.
11. talpoides, Gapp, 1830 .- The De Kay's Mele Shrew.
12. brevicauda, Say, 1823 .- The Short-tailed Mole Shrew.
13. cinerca, Back, 1837 .- The Ash-colored Mole Shrew. Talpida .- The Family of the Meles. Scalops, Cuv., 1800.
14. aquaticus, Linn., 1758 .- The Common Molc. Condylura, Illig., 1811.
15. cristata, Lina., 1758 .- The Star-nosed Mele.t
III .- CARNIVORA .- Flesh-Eaters.
Felidæ .- The Family of the Cats. Felis, Linn., 1735.
16. concolor, Linn., 1771 .- The American Panther. Rare, or Ext.
17. catus, Lian .- The Domesticated Cat. Com. Lynx, Raf., 1817.
18. rufus, Guld, 1776 .- The American Wild Cat. Rare.
19. canadensis, Raf., 1817 .- The Canada Wild Cat. E.xt. ? Cunida .- The Family of the Wolves. Canis, Lina , 1735. 20. occidentalis, Rich, 1829 .- The American Wolf. Ext. ?
21. familiaris, Linn .- The Domesticated Dog. Com. Vulpes.
22. fuluns, Desm., 1820 .- The Red Fex. Com. 23. virginianus, Erxleb., 1777 .- Tho Gray Fox. Rare.
* This sometimes occurs of a silvery reddish-white color, and has been mistaken for the S. argentea of A. & B., if indeed they he not the same .- E. M.
+ If I am not mistaken, this mole is more aquatic io its habits than the preceding.
Mustclide .- The Family of the Weasels. Mustela, Linn., 1735.
24. prunantii, Erxleb., 1777 .- The Black Cat. Fisher. Ext. ? Putorius, Cnv., 1817.
25. pusillus, De Kay, 1842 .- The Lesser Weasel. Rare, or Ext. 26. novaboracensis, De Kay, 1842 .- The Ermine Weasel. Com. 27. vison, Briss, 1756 .- The Mink. Com.
28. furor, Linn .- The Ferret. (Domesticated.) Rarc. Lutra, Linn., 1735.
29. canadensis, Sabine, 1823 .- The American Otter. Rare. Mephitis, Cuv., 1800.
30. mephitica, Shaw, 1792 .- The Skunk. Com. Ursida .- The Family of the Bears. Procyon, Storrs, 1780.
31. lotor, Linn., 1758 .- The Raccoon. Com. Ursus, Linn., 1735.
32. americanus, Pallas, 1780 .- The Black Bear. Rare.
IV .- MARSUPIALA .- Ponched Animals.
Diadelphida .- The Family of the Opossums.
Diadelphys, Lina., 1735.
33. virginianus, Shaw, 1800 .- The Opossum. Com.
V .- RODENTIA .- The Gnawing Animals.
Sciurida .- The Family of the Squirrels. Seinrus, Linn., 1735.
34. cinereus, Lion., 1758 .- The Cat Squirrel. Rare.
35. carolinensis, Gmel., 1788 .- The Gray Squirrel. Com. 36. niger, Godman .- The Black Squirrel. Ext. ? }
37. hudsonins, Pallas, 1778 .- The Red Squirrel. Com. Pteromys, Cuv., 1800.
38. volncella, Pallas, 1778 .- The Flying Squirrel. - Com. Tamias, Illig., 1811.
39. striatus, Lino., 1754 .- The Ground Squirrel. Com. Arctemys, Schreb, 1792.
40. monax, Linn., 1758 .- The Ground Hog. Marmot. Com. Murida .- The Family of Rats. Castor, Lina., 1735.
41. canadensis, Knkl., 1820 .- The Beaver. Ext .¿ Iaculus, Wagler, 1830.
42. hudsonius, Zimm., 1780 .- The Jumping Mouse. Rare. Mus, Lino., 1735.
43. rattus, Linn., 1766 .- The Black Rat. Rare.
44. decumanus, Pallas, 1778 .- The Brown Rat. Com. 45. musculus, Lion., 1766 .- The House Monse. Com. Hesperomys, Waterhouse, 1839.
46. leucopus, Desm., 1822 .- The Field Monse. Com.
47. uuttallii, Harlan, 1832 .- The Red Monse. Rare. Neatoma, Say and Ord., 1825.
48. floridanus, Ord., 1818 .- The Wood Rat. Rare. Arvicola, Lacep., 1803.
49. riparia, Ord., 1825 .- The Meadow Mouse. Com.
50. pineforum, Lec., 1829 .- The Upland Meadow Mouse. Rare. Fiber, Cuv., 1800.
51. zibethica, Linn., 1766 .- The Musk Rat. Com. Hystricida .- The Family of the Porcupines. Erythizon, F. Cuv., 1822.
52. dorsatns, Linn., 1758 .- The American Porcupine. Ext.
# Although this is accounted only a variety of the gray squirrel, it has maintained its identity to a remarkable degree, especially in the West, where both ahound .- E. M.
¿ No person with whom I have conversed, and some of them were the grandsons of the first settlers, had seen a heaver. It would secm, therefore, that the beaver were decreasing everywhere except in New- foundland, and was exterminated here at an early period on account of its fur. Fifty years ago a " beaver hat," now seldom seen, was the ne plus ultra of a gentleman's head covering. The name Beaver Dam, given to a portion of the West Brandywine, a little seuth of Ralston's Corners, is said to have been caused by a dam of these sagaoions animals, which existed near the site of the present fording and bridge. As the ground on both sides of the streamn some distance above is nearly level and agrees in its main features with places still selected by the beaver, the tradition is probably correct. That part of the stream is a favorite resort of that best representative of the beaver, the musk-rat .- Prof. McClunc.
GEOLOGICAL
MAP OF
CHESTER Co.
PENNSYLVANIA.
AMANCH
St. Peters TO.
Springfiel"
CAENCHA CREEK Warwick
Blue Rockero
Warwick Tron Hofks Marsh 20 Mantra WEST E A ST N.ANTMEALI Talbotville PO WHY sobella LO. NANTMEAL Magnesia Barneston P.O. 0 Honey brook WAYNEOS Moorestown Lead ore. Cambridene WALLA E 195198OR Rockville PO Symington Stat Cornogs TychlanPO UWCHLA Fron ore Lindell. P.O. Chrome TP Wild Brier Martin's CornerPO, U WHLAK Serpentine Cedar KnolLES WE S Correct ketch Red Shale WEST CALN Liggettsfor. % Guthrieville P0. Compassville FBRANDYWINE .Beaver Mills O A Wayortown H Mills White Sandstone Downingtown Primitive Thurndule PO. Limestone Black Horse SansbarnvillePO VALL- HarmonE Atica Slate WEST SADSBURY Coatesville W EST Gneiss SADSBURY Tiuniphreyvalle B. R A D F O RI R EAST FALLOWFIELD! Can't Christiana w was braldown PO Youngsburg Mortonville PO Hotel GH L AND J Glen Mills W Embryvillestro N E Doe Kun P.O. EST T Cochinville MARLBOROUGH FALLOWFIELDS STATI] Upland EAST OctoraroPQ ILONDONDERRY! 9 audrew's- Bridge Honeville in Cottomen Londonderry . PO. 0 NDON IMARL BOROUGH Cedarcroft Y Boll BankUP PER Bruge no4% Russellville Kennett Square East ENNAT NE K E JemervilleTO GENT New Garden Mount Vernon PO Lincoln ziversitu BAL 1 2 OWER OXFORD GARDEN Hopewell CottonWorks Flik Dale : P.O. Oxford Wen Loudly PO handenberg P Kirk's Creek T NOTTING- NEW LONDON Bridge J'en Prospect. V WEST HAM Fremont .- Nottingham PO). PO Z -. Chrome TO. E L K 1. Strickervilh ETk NAHST.O. P.O. M A SON AND DI x N S LIN E A N D D A R ساح Shocked 0 . C NORT. COVER Hopeivell Furnace 5 Bajmonville K COME R WARWIC FR . E T St. Mary's Villay Loag; *TO Kaoliu toplee .Gien Moore WallacePar HONEY BROOK UPPEL 0 we Sto Copper ore. Brandyvine Milford Ifulla BRANDYWINE Secondary Limestone --- C. A Cola Potra Vou Tale & CENTRAL Trup Modera P.D Romansville Orez BAILEYS WERE Rosentick TO. WEST Mortbordngh P.O. Uniauville Octoraro = SA Glennville Woodville Houds Willow Dale -F'PO Branch PO Chitthom 1 OXFORD A PO Wost Brunch of OWorths Bridge Rough Konamon TO Hayesville Townsend.J.O. TIMOE PU Kriton Fo Kholin w A LONDON HickoryHitera BRITAIN Serie Dair KimblevafFro NOTTINGHAM E L A Questemille ale P Fest Grave P.O.R. Octorum Crrek 0xAM Steeleville PO Doe Run IROAD Thanarestrass London Gripe PO Edenton Porfierby PA Parkesburg Mi Wilian stort Marshaltm Gum Tree Fu E A S T. Doanh Fisherville Windsor Lewisville. 0 Pottstown 03 Pottstown Lunchng N Shekel P.O. Cedarville Nudism ORTH COVENTRY Fricks Locks G 0 EAST .E.Corentrytt COVENTRY M ville SOUTH Seleter's PO COVENTRY Coventryville R Bucktown SpringCity Y Vincent L.D. Bightown PO. EAST IVINCENT Lantmeul Village 104 n ALY Phoenixville WEST VINGENT PO N'est Vincent Schaylkill P.O. 0 > Chester Springs "Alosskille Charlestown 5 Mathews PO. W Er'S Pickering RO Falling Forge PO PER RiersNta Hkdland. P.D. mros Contrale Mari sville HLAN PIKE LAND CHARLESTOWN Mills LOWER Centreville Thionville PO. EAST WarrenTa Chester Farten PO White Horse Sta . Valley Store Berwyn Box W.E.S Giler Lock POV DizerPO. Q W IN -Baldwin. Sta TELANDS Leopard W. WublandoFinland Grove WILLIS TOWN! EAST - -- T Fern Hill PO Rocky IHR CloudPOx RD . Ilistouno 1 Copesville West Chester Milltown Fre PO P MARPLE UPPER HamphillsSa T Boarding School UPR DARBY PROVI- Darby *DENCE Sagerville SPRINGFIELD /POCOPSON Locust & Grove THORN BURY MIDDLETOWN DARBY Dilworthtown NETHER BIRMINGHAM PQ PROVI+ EDENCE RIDLEY Chuds Ford ASTON Darby Crece CONCORO BIRMINGHAM CHESTER Forwag P.O. UPR RIVER BETHEL 1 Chester .CHICHESTER N NE TITE PO. E LOW R ESTER ELAWAR D EAST. Malvem Tive Sta GALNH Paoli Hovat RADNOR bodbi Greene Mill Statt Gostaria den' Greens Sagarton WEST GOSHEN GOSHEN WhiteHorse NEW TOWN Cobb's HAVERFORD\ Greek North Brook hwisset WE HORNER Cheney P.O. & Sta Ridley T Darlingtons Core Festtowat EDGMONT S 'Thorn burgRO PHILADELPHIA CITY GH Ingupon ~Burnorton Creek Creek. PO.J PINICUM Mmde hall PEN NSBURY 1 Chester Ic LA-Red Lion 1 BRADFORD. IN altan PQ- westtown Nicht "F R 1 N UWCHLAN Eagle Stre. HITELANDSO Green Pol PO. EAST Belvidere Erton Pa ESHI Boot Frin HOJESTERN EAST Hotel Waterloo PO Kimberton TAIKELAND River SCHUYLKILL BawlingTO 0 T RDE D E n Shigdorf Cheapsan AR ] 1 441 THE BIRDS OF CHESTER COUNTY. Lepidæ .- The Family of the Rabbits. Lepus, Linn., 1735. 53. americanus, Erxleb., 1777 .- The White Rabbit. Ext. 54. sylvaticus, Back., 1857 .- The Gray Rabbit. Com. VI .- RUMINANTIA .- Ruminating Animals. Cervida .- The Family of the Deers. Cervus, Linn. 55. canadensis, Erxleb., 1777 .- The Elk. Ext. 56. virginianus, Bodd., 1784 .- The Red Deer. Ext. ? Bovida .- The Family of the Buffaloes. Bes, Linn. 57. americanus, Gm .- The American Buffalo. Ext. 58. taurus, Linn .- The Domesticated Ox. Com. Caprida .- The Family of the Goats and Sheep. Capra, Linn. 59. ægagrus, Cuv .- The Domesticated Geat. Com. Ovis, Linn., 1735. 60. ammon, Linn .- The Domesticated Sheep. Com. VII .- SOLIDUNGULA .- Hard-heefed Animals. Equida .- The Family of the Horses. Equus, Linn. 61. caballus, Linn .- The Domesticated Horse. Com. 62. asinus, Linn .- The Domesticated Ass. Rare. 63. (hybridus.)-The Mule. Com.# VIII .- PACHYDERMATA .- Thick-skinned Animals. Suida .- The Family of the Hoge, etc. Sus, Linn. 64. scrofa, Linn .- The Domesticated Hog. Com. IX .- PRONOSCIDIA .- Trunked Animals. Elephida .- The Family of the Elephants. Elephas, Linn. 65. primogenius, Blum .- The Fossil Elephant. Ext. Mastodon, Cuv. 66. maximus, Cuv .- The Fossil Mastodon. Exct.t THE BIRDS OF CHESTER COUNTY. I have before me two lists of the birds of Chester County, -one collected by myself, mostly between 1834 and 1840; the other by my friend, the late Vincent Barnard, at a somewhat later period. On a careful comparison of these lists, some twenty years ago, we were able to designate the then known species of the county, and made the following record : "29th of Ist me., 1861 .- There has been discovered in the County, to this time Two Hundred Species ; and there are forty-five which may yet be found therein." I am happy to say that the later labor of others, espe- cially of my friend, B. Harry Warren, have added several of those thus designated, with others, to the present list. * The scientist may smile at this; but, mule as he is, and always must be, bis services render him worthy of respectful notice in this place along with his incongruous parents .- E. M. t Perhaps many whe will read this history may not know that the alluvial deposits of our county have for untold centuries been the enstedians of the fossil remains here noticed. The elephant and the mastodon have each dropped us a molar tooth as a memorial of their prior claim upon our seil. The former was obtained on the farm of John G. Jackson, in the Hockesson Valley, who has kindly given it to me. He writes, "It was found some five or six feet deep in a meadow, under the black mud, as we call it, in a gravel stratum." The latter was thrown out by a flood in White Clay Creek, in the meadow of Howard L. Hoopes, near Avondale. The water falling over a ledge of reck made a deep excavation, and the teeth was thrown out among the debris. It was purchased from the finder by the late William Jackson, and presented to the West Chester Academy of Natural Science. Quite a number of fossil remains have been found in the limestone caves, and in the rocky strata of the county, but I do not possess the necessary data for their insertion .- E. M. Vulturida .- The Family of the Vultures. Cathartes, Illiger, 1811. 1. aura, Linn., 1766 .- The Turkey Vulture, er Buzzard. Com. Falconide .- The Family of the Falcons, or Hawks. Falco, Linn., 1766. 2. anatum, Bon., 1838 .- The Duck Hawk. 3. columbarius, Linn., 1766 .- The Pigeon Hawk. 4. islandicus, Gmel., 1788 .- The Ger Falcon. Iceland Falcon .? 5. spaverius, Linn., 1766 .- The Sparrow Hawk. Astur, Lacepode. 6. atricapillus, Wils., 1812 .- The Gos Hawk. Accipiter, Briss., 1760. 7. cooperii, Bon., 1828 .- The Cooper's Hawk. 8. fuscus, Gmel., 1788 .- The Sharp-shinned Hawk. Butea, Cuv., 1817. 9. borealis, Gmel., 1788 .- The Red-tailed Hawk. 10. liniatus, Gmel., 1788 .- The Red-shouldered Hawk. 11. pennsylvanicus, Wile., 1812 .- The Broad-winged Hawk. Archibutco, Brehm, 1828. 12. lagopus, Gm., 1788 .- The Rough-legged Hawk. 13. sancti-johannis, Gm., 1788 .- The Black Hawk. || Ictinia, Vieill, 1816. 14. mississippiensis, Wils., 1811 .- Mississippi Kite (Barnard). Circus, Lac., 1803. 15. hudsonius, Linn., 1766 .- The Marsh Hawk. Aquila, Moehr, 1752. 16. canadensis, Linn., 1766 .- The Golden Eagle. Haliætus, Savig., 1809. 17. leucocephalus, Linn., 1766 .- The White-headed Eagle. T # This heaven-appointed scavenger is less frequent new than it was formerly. Then people dragged their dead animals away out of reach of their own olfactories, perhaps with little thought of the an- noyance to others. Now decent people bury them, and foreclose the nuisance altogether,-a mark of progress. The C. aura has in a few instances bred in this county .- E. M. ¿ If there is no mistake, this rare bird was obtained a few years ago near West Chester .- (B. Harry Warren.) Audubon only found it among the rocky cliffs of Labrader. [[ Much confusion has prevailed respecting A. lagopus and A. sancti-johannis. Certainly the plumage varies greatly with age. The young dress of the former closely resembles that of the latter, and they are generally accepted as one species; but authors hardly agree which is the elder bird. Is it possible that we may still confound a true Black Hawk with young of the Rough-legs ?- E. M. " The characteristic of this ignoble bird is that of a notorious high - way robber. He has been thought an injudicious selection for our national emblem; but the Indian, the African, and the Mexican all approve the choice. He will sit for hours awaiting the operations of that dextrous fisher, the fish-hawk. Whenever he sees that bird rise from the water with a fish, he proceeds at once to rob him of bis prey. The conflict has often been described; but it seemed incred- ible that a bird thickly and loosely covered with light feathers could acquire the extraordinary speed necessary to overtake and capture the fish let drop by the hawk before it would reach the water, as has been reported. Near fifty years ago I stood, with some friends, on the shore of the North East Bay. An eagle was seen perched on a tree, down shore, and a fish-hawk was coming up the bay on a fishing excursion. Sud- denly the hawk came down with a tremendous sweep, converting the water around him to a white foam, and immediately rose high in the air with a large fish in his talons. Immediately the eagle left his perch in pursuit and vigorously attacked the hawk till it obtained the prize. The conflict appeared just as other observers have de- scribed it. Indeed, we almest fancied that we saw the fish as it was falling. But a careful consideration of what we witnessed has led to a different conclusion. The eagle would rise above the hawk, and then, in its descent, would rapidly pass downward by the hawk. which, in turn, would prepare to ward off the descending stroke, and thus expose the fish, which was still held in one talon. This move- ment was repeated three or four times, the eagle rising each time above the hawk, till he at last succeeded in clutching the fish and tearing it from the grasp of its rightful owner. It was cause for re- gret that the captor thought it prudent to keep beyond the range of our guns. 56 442 HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. Pandion, Savig., 1809. 18. carolinensis, Gm., 1788 .- The Fish Hawk. Strigida .- The Family of the Owls. Strix, Linn., 1766. 19. pratincola, Bon., 1838 .- The Barn Owl. Bubo, Cuv., 1817. 20. virginianus, Gm., 1788 .- The Great Horned Owl. Scops, Savig., 1809. 21. asio, Linn., 1766 .- The Mettled, or Screech Owl." Otus, Cuv., 1817. 22. wilsonianus, Lesson, 1831 .- The Long-eared Owl. Brachyotus, Gould, 1837. 23. cassinii, Brewer .- The Short-eared Owl. Syroium, Savig., 1809. 24. nebulosum, Forster, 1772 .- The Barred Owl. Nyctale, Brehm, 1828. 25. acadica, Gm., 1788 .- The Saw-whet Owl. Nyctæa, Stephens, 1826. 26. nivea, Daud, 1800 .- The White, or Snowy Owl. Cuculida .- The Family of the Cuckoos. Coccygus, Vieill, 1816. 27. americanus, Lion., 1766 .- The Yellow-billed Cuckoo. 28. erythrophthalmus, Wils., 1811 .- The Black-billed Cuckoo. Picida .- The Family of the Woodpeckers. Picus, Linn., 1748. 29. villosus, Lion., 1766 .- The Hairy Woodpecker. 30. pubescens, Linn., 1766 .- The Downy Woodpecker. Spbyrapicus, Baird, 1854. 31. varius, Linn., 1766 .- The Yellow-bellied Woodpecker. Hylatomus, Baird, 1851. 32. pileatus, Linn., 1766 .- The Black Woodpecker.t Centurus, Swainson, 1837. 33. carolinus, Linn., 1766 .- The Red-bellied Woodpecker. Melanerpes, Swainson, 1831. 34. erythrocephala, Linn., 1766 .- The Red-headed Woodpecker. Colaptes, Swainson, 1827. 35. auratus, Linn., 1758 .- The Golden-winged Woodpecker. Trochilida .- The Family of the Humming-Birds. Trocbilus, Liun., 1748. 36. colubris, Lino., 1766 .- The Ruby-throated Humming-Bird. Cypselida .- The Family of the Chimney-Swallows. Chætura, Stepb., 1825. 37. pelasgia, Linn., 1766 .- The Chimney-Bird, or Swift. Caprimulgida .- The Family of the Goat-suckers. Antrostomus, Gould, 1838. 38. vociferus, Wils., 1812 .- The Whip-poor-will. Chordeiles, Swainson, 1831. 39. popetue, Vieill, 1807 .- The Night Hawk. Alcedinide .- The Family of the Kingfishers. Ceryle, Boie, 1828. 40. alcyon, Linn., 1766 .- The Belted Kingfisher. Calopterida .- The Family of the Fly-catchers. Tyrannus, Cuv., 1799. 41. carolinensis, Baird, 1858 .- The King Bird. Myiarchus, Cab., 1844. 42. crinitis, Linn., 1766 .- Great-crested Fly-catcher. Sayoruis, Bon., 1834. 43. fuscus, Gm., 1788 .- The Common Pewee. Contopus, Cab., 1855. 44. borealis, Sw. and Rich, 1831 .- The Olive-sided Fly-catcher. 45. virens, Linn , 1766 .- The Wood Pewee. Empidonax, Cab., 1855. 46. trailie, Aud., 1832 .- Trail's Fly-catcher. 47. minimus, Baird, 1843. 48. acadicus, Gm., 1788 .- Small Green-crested Fly-cateber. 49. flaviventris, Baird, 1843 .- Yellow-bellied Fly-eatcher. Turdida .- The Family of the Thrushes. Turdus, Linn., 1735. 50. mustelinus, Gm., 1788 .- The Wood Thrush. # This anomalous creature is sometimes the Gray-mottled and some- times the Red screech owl. I have repeatedly seen both parents and chicks of both colors; but I thiok not in the same family. The problem has not been fully solved .- E. M. t This noble and once common bird has disappeared with the forests which afforded it protection, and is now about extinct .- E. M. 51. pallasii, Cab., 1847 .- The Hermit Thrush. Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.