History of Chester County, Pennsylvania, with genealogical and biographical sketches, Part 31

Author: Futhey, John Smith, 1820-1888; Cope, Gilbert, 1840-1928
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Philadelphia, L. H. Everts
Number of Pages: 1162


USA > Pennsylvania > Chester County > History of Chester County, Pennsylvania, with genealogical and biographical sketches > Part 31


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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The following extracts from the minutes of the Kennet and New Garden Monthly Meetings show the action taken in those meetings after the passage by the British army through their territory. That in Kennet Meeting, only seven days after the battle of Brandywine (held the 18th of the ninth month), 1777, was as follows :


" A concern arising in this meeting for ye distressed inhabitants amongst us who have suffered by ye armies; therefore, it is rccom- mended to Friends in general to encourage Benevolence & Charity, by distributing of their substance to such as they may think are in want ; and Joshua Way, James Benoett, Amos Harvey, Thomas Carlton, June, Caleb Peirce, Thomas Gibson, Thomas Chandler, JunT, John Marshal & James Wilson are particularly appointed to Inspect & en- deavor to relieve such as are in distress, either for want of Victuals, Clothes, or other necessaries."


1777, at New Garden Monthly Mecting :


" The Committee to extend relief to the sufferers from the army, which recently passed through this neighborhood, reported that the suffer- ings of many had been great, but that none appear to be in want of the necessaries of life, except one in the verge of New Garden Prepara- tive Meeting, which is referred to the care thereof; and that they generally appear to bear their sufferings with a good degree of cheer- fulness."


The documents issued by the yearly and other meetings .


" 18th of Ninth Month, 1777."


112


HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.


of the society contained nothing which, fairly and im- partially considered, could be construed into active opposi- tion to the efforts which were being made to throw off the British yoke. Washington is reported to have said, at the time of the battle of Brandywine, that he felt he was in an enemy's country. This remark, if made, may be partly accounted for by the fact that the region of country in which that battle was fought was largely inhabited by members of the Society of Friends, who, in accordance with their religious convictions, maintained a position of neu- trality during the war, and therefore could not render any aid, either by contributing or selling their property for the use of the army ; and Washington, not understanding or appreciating their position, attributed their want of co- operation to a lack of sympathy with the patriot cause. There were, however, as has already been observed, a con- siderable number of Tories in the central and eastern por- tions of Chester County, whose influence was exerted in favor of the British interests; and no doubt this was felt by Washington while he was in the county.


COUNTY PENSIONERS.


The following is a list of the officers and men from the county who served in the war of independence and were wounded, taken prisoners, or otherwise disabled, who had pensions or allowances for pay granted either to themselves, their heirs, or legal representatives by the Orphans' Court of the county during the latter part of the war or in the years immediately succeeding. The sums allowed varied in ainount according to the severity and nature of the wounds and disabilities and the rank of the party incurring them :


George Wilson, of Capt. Wilson's company, First Pennsylvania Regiment, wounded Jan. 2, 1777, by musket-hall through left leg, at battle near Trenton, N. J.


Samuel Leslie, of Capt. James Lang's company, Tenth Pennayl- vania Regiment, ruptured on the retreat from Brandywine, Septem- ber, 1777.


Samuel Smith, of Capt. John Harris' company, Eleventh Pennsyl- vania Regiment, wounded by a cannon-ball at battle of Brandywine, September 11, 1777.


James Caruthers, of Capt. Thomas Boud'a company, Fifth Penn- aylvania Regiment, wounded by a muskst-ball through both heels at battle of Green Springs, Va.


Robert Turk, wounded militiaman.


John Smith, of Capt. Benjamin Davis' company, Ninth Penn- sylvania Regiment, wounded by a musket-ball in right leg at Lake Champlain, in action with the Indians, in May, 1776.


Christian Cowpland, corporal of Capt. John Christy's company, Fifth Penasylvania Regiment, wounded hy a musket-ball in left arm at battle of Brandywine, Sept. 11, 1777.


Thomas Swedy, gunaer in Col. Thomas Proctor's regiment artil- lery, wounded by a musket-ball in right leg in engagement with the Indiana at Newtown, August 29, 1779, and again on July 21, 1780, at the Block House, at Bull's Ferry, on the North River.


Robert Cherry, of Capt. Matthew Henderson's First Battalion of the Flying Camp of Pennsylvania, wounded by a musket-ball ia left leg at Fort Lee.


Christopher Still, of Capt. John Christy's company, Fifth Penn- sylvania Regiment, wounded by a musket-ball ia elbow-joint of right arm at battle of Brandywine, Sept. 11, 1777.


Capt. Jacob Iletherling, takea prisoner by the British, and dicd in captivity. Ilis heirs were allowed three hundred dollars at one time, and one hundred and thirty-two ot another.


David Jackaon, of Capt. David Hayes' company of militia, had left hand shot off by a cannon-ball at Trenton, N. J., Jan. 2, 1777.


James Cornay, of Ninth Pennaylvania Regiment, lost his eyesight, and endured unusual hardshipa on severe duty.


John Miller, of Fifth Pennsylvania Regiment, severely disabled.


Thomas Owen, of Capt. Joseph Potts' company, Fifth Penasyl'- vania Regiment, wounded by a musket-ball in right løg at battle of Brandywine, Sept. 11, 1777.


Joshna Beeling, sergeant of Capt. Marshall's company, Thirteenth Pennsylvania Regiment, commanded by Col. Walter Stewart, wounded by a grape-shot in left hand at battle of Brandywine, Sept. 11, 1777.


Samuel Ewing, of West Nottingham township, in Capt. Ephraim Blackburn's company, Fourth . Battalion of Chester County militia, wounded in right thumb.


Thomas Wallace, of the Chester County militia, wounded in an so- gagement in Bucks Co., Pena., on Feb. 24, 1788, and taken a prisoner by the British forces. ..


Michael Righter, of Pennsylvania militia, from Chester County; taken a prisoner by the British, and died of wounds received in ac- tion.


PARTIAL LIST OF REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS OF CHESTER COUNTY, WHO RECEIVED PEN- SIONS.


Henry O'Neil, West Bradford township; served seven years in Second Regiment of New Jersey line.


Jacob Wisner, of East Pikeland township ; Capt. Scull's company, Fourth Regiment of Pennsylvania line; died Dec. 26, 1846: : Evan Evans, West Vincent; corporal in Capt. John Brisbin'a com- pany, Col. St. Clair's Third Regiment of Pennsylvania line.


Joha Ketcham, Londongrove township; Capt. Jacob Humphrey's company, Ninth Regiment of Pennsylvania lins (Col. Harmer's). : Samuel Campbell, Coventry township; in Col. Robert Magaw's regimeat of Penaaylvania line.


David Jones, Sadsbury township; enlisted in June, 1777, in Capt. Combs' company of Col. David Foreman's regiment in Gen. Max- well's brigade, and served three years ; then again enlisted in 1781- 82, in a Delaware regiment, in Capt. James Moore's company.


Henry Fry served in Capt. Benjamin Frothingham's company of a Massachusetts regiment, commanded by Col. Joha Crain.


Joha Strickler, of East Fallowfield townabip; Capt. Jacob Hum- phrey's company, Sixth Regiment Pennsylvania line.


John Harris, West Bradford; Capt. Christie's company in Pena- aylvania regiment of infantry of Col. Thomas Craig.


William Todd, from Feb. 10, 1776, to Feb. 10, 1777, in Capt. Rich- ardson's company of Col. Magraw'a Pennsylvania lins regiment.


Felix Christman, Eaat Nantmeal ; Capt. Edward Scull's company, Col. William Butler'a regiment, from 1777 to 1780.


Andrew Garden, Tredyffrin towaship; drum- and fife-major in Col. Van Kaik's regiment, New York troops, and in Col. Peter Ganss- voort'a New York regiment three years.


John Gregory, Capt. Thomas Pry's company, Col. Moses Haven's Ninth Regimeat of Pennsylvania line, three years.


Edward Woodman, Tredyffrin township; Sixth North Carolina Regiment, Capt. Little'a company, one year, then transferred to Capt, Somers' company of First North Carolina Regimeat, and served during the whole war.


Robert Wood, Downingtown; Capt. John Payton's company, Third Regiment of Virginia line, Lieut .- Col. Hawkins.


Philip Jones, Tredyffrin township; Capt. Patrick Anderson's com- pany in Thirteenth Regiment Pennaylvania line, Col. Atlee.


Samuel Sinilcy, Easttown township ; Capt. Fraser's company, Fifth Regiment of Pennsylvania line, Cal. Anthony Wayne.


Charles Cooper, Easttown towaship; Cupt. Soull's company in Ninth Regiment Pennsylvania line; also in Capt. John Davis' com- pany of same regiment, commanded by Col. Harmer.


Joha Whitty, Willistowa towaship; Capt. Joseph Williams' con- pany of Third Massachusetts Regimneat of Lieut .- Col. Mellen.


Petor White, Capt. Walker's company of Second Regiment of Maryland line.


Lieut. William Schofield, Tredyffrin township ; Capt. Frederick Vernon's company, Fifth Regiment Pennsylvania line, then com- manded by Col. Francis Johnston.


Micajah Posey, Capt. Jacob Hetharling's company in Lieut .- Col. John Bull's Second Pennsylvania Regiment ; taken prisoner at Fort Washington ; exchanged ofter being in prison some time ; then again anlisted in Col. Harmer's Pennsylvania lins regiment .. ..


113


GENERAL HISTORY.


Thomas M. Teall, West Bradford ; Capt. Christopher Stewart's company, Sixth Regiment of Pennsylvania lino, Col. Robert Magrnw ; at battle of Fort Washington, where he was four times wounded and taken prisoner.


Jacob Newberry, Enst Nautmeul township ; Joseph MoClellan's company in Col. Richard Butler's Pennsylvania regiment.


Patrick Clemens, Capt. Lemar's company in Col. John Philip De Haas' regiment (Second) of Pennsylvania live.


John Magaw, East Nottingham township; Capt. William Rippy's company, Seventh Regiment of Pennsylvania line of Col. William Irwine; died Feb. 18, 1855.


Robert Galway, East Nottingham township; Capt. Popham's com- pany of Col. Haven's Congress regiment.


John Gillespie, East Nottingham township ; Capt. Henry Darby's company, Delaware regiment, Col. John Haslett.


Samuel Scott, Birmingham; Capt. Frederick Vernon's company in Wayne's (afterwards Johnston's) Fifth Pennsylvania Regiment.


John Taylor, Brandywine township; Capt. Caleb North's company, Fifth Regiment of Pennsylvania line.


Dennis Dempsey, Charlestown township; Capt. John Siddam's company, Delnware regiment of Col. John Haslett.


Robert Oldis, West Whiteland; Cupt. William West's company, Col. Hubley's regiment.


Thomas Burn, West Bradford ; Capt. Richard Emery's company, Fifth Maryland line regiment of Col. William Richardson, 1777-80.


James Neil, West Nantmeal township; Capt. Moore's company, Wayne's Fifth Pennsylvania line regiment.


Miles Crowley, West Bradford township; William Jenkins' com- pany ; marched to Quebec in Canada campaign; afterwards served in Ninth Pennsylvania Regiment, in Capt. John Davis' company.


John Evanson, enlisted Feb. 9, 1776, Thirteenth New Jersey Regi- ment of Col. Elias Dayton.


Francis Fisher, marine; enlisted March 16, 1777, nnder Capt. Barney, on brig " Hyder Ali"; wounded by grape-shot in capturing the British ship " General Monk."


William Richardson, enlisted in May, 1776, for one year, Capt. William West's company, Col. John Shee's Fourth Pennsylvania line regiment ; taken prisoner at Fert Washington, afterwards joined Capt. Connolly's company in Col. Butler's regiment, and participated in battles of Brandywine, Long Island, etc.


Jacob Verly, Charlestown township; enlisted in April, 1776, for two years, Col. John Fifer's North Carolina regiment; at Germantown battle.


Matthew Foos, East Fallowfield township ; in corps of artificers of Col. Flowers', Capt. David Pancus' company ; enlisted March 17, 1777.


Methuselah Davis, West Nantmeal township; enlisted March, 1776, Capt. Reese's company, Third Regiment of Pennsylvania line, Col. St. Clair.


Jacob Stillwagon, enlisted May, 1776, Capt. William West's com- pany, Fourth Regiment of Pennsylvania line, Col. Jehn Shee; taken prisoner at Fort Washington, thirteen months out.


Andrew Higgins, East Fallowfield township ; enlisted Feb. 1, 1777, Capt. John Stedham's company, Col. John Haslett's Delaware regi- ment; in battles at Long Island and White Plains.


Richard Cheyney, Thornbury township ; in companies of First Troop of Capts. Solesky and Bodkin, under command of Count Pulaski.


William Stapleton, enlisted March 1, 1778, at White Horse; in Capt. Christopher Shaffer's company.


Benjamin Peck, East Bradford township; Capt. William Church's company, Fifth Regiment of Pennsylvania line, Col. Wayne ; after- wards in companies of Capts. James Moore and Isaac Seely.


Thomas McDowell, West Nottingham township ; Third Company, Capt. Edward Spinner, Third Maryland Regiment of Maj. Landale.


John Neil, under Gen. Sullivan from Sept. 19, 1777, first as assis- tant forage-master, then forage-master; taken prisoner at Five-Mile Tavern, Del .; discharged in 1781.


James Brown, enlisted in 1776, First Company, Sixth North Caro- lina Regiment; dicd Jan. 17, 1842.


Capt. William Moore, was lieutenant in Capt. Grubb's company, Second Pennsylvania Regiment, Col. Miles; promoted to captain. John Thomas, sergeant and artificer.


Philip Newman, North Coventry township.


Peter Fry, Upper Oxford township; died June 10, 1842. George Rudolph, died April 24, 1842.


Philip Emery, East Nantmcal township.


Capt. Joseph MeClellan, Col. Richard Butler's Ninth Regiment, and Col. Atlee's Thirteenth.


Richard Hamilton, Lower Oxford township; died March 23, 1840. Dr. Jacob Ehrenzeller, died at West Chester, July 18, 1838.


Charles Wallace, West Fallowfield township; died May 15, 1842.


David Ford, West Fallowfield township; died July 14, 1836.


Col. Caleb North, Coventry township.


Robert Shannon, died March 18, 1837.


Licut. Hezekiah Davis, Charlestown township; died Dec. 27, 1837.


James Guest, East Nantmenl township; died Dec. 14, 1836.


Andrew Gordon, Tredyffrin townsbip.


John Quintaince, East Fallowfield township; died June 21, 1835. James Fulton, died Feb. 15, 1853.


David Crosby, died Feh. 21, 1834.


George Ivester, sergeant; died Oct. 20, 1832.


Andrew Wallace, Upper Oxford township; sergent; died Jan. 27, 1835.


The First Pennsylvania line regiment was commanded by Col. William Thompson; the Second by Col. John Bull, then Col. Jobn Philip De IInas; the Third by Col. Arthur St. Clair; the Fourth by Col. John Shce; the Fifth by Col. Anthony Wayne, then Col. Francis Johnsten; the Sixth by Col. Robert Magaw; the Seventh by Col. William Irvine; the Ninth by Col. Harmer ; and the Thirteenth by Col. William J. Atlee.


Cols. William and Richard Butler also commanded two Pennsyl- vania regiments.


LIEUTENANT AND SUB-LIEUTENANTS OF CHES- TER COUNTY FROM 1777 TO 1785-FINES AND SUBSTITUTES-MILITIA OFFICERS.


In the Revolutionary war the necessity of organizing and disciplining the forces of the county who were to assist in conquering independence and freedom for the con- tinent led to the creation, by the Supreme Exceutive Coun- cil, of the responsible post of county lieutenant. This office, whose name and duties were analogous to those of the king's lieutenants in the counties of the mother-coun- try, gave him, with the rank of colonel, the charge of raising, arming, and provisioning the military contingent of his district, and in every way preparing the troops to take the field. They remained under his command till they were called into active service. The lieutenant of Chester County was Col. Robert Smith, appointed March 12, 1777, and served until March 21, 1785. His assistants, termed sub-lieutenants, were Lewis Gronow, Thomas Strawbridge, Thomas Cheyney, Andrew Boyd, Robert Wilson, Thomas Levis, and Benjamin Brannan. The militia appear to have been divided into eight classes. When a class was called out, many belonging to it could not or would not go. The deficiency was made up by the employment of substitutes, either taken from the other classes or from those not subject by law to the perform- ance of military duty. These substitutes were procured by means of a bounty, which was paid by the State, to be remunerated by the fines imposed on delinquents, and varied from fifteen to fifty pounds for two months' service. In some regiments the number of substitutes nearly equaled the number of those regularly drafted. The system of em- ploying substitutes at high rates was much complained of by the officers of the regular army, who regarded it as a serious obstruction to recruiting by enlistments. From March 1, 1780, to April 1, 1783, Col. Smith received, in fines, etc., £155,336 17s. 7d. in Continental money, £67 8s. 7d. in State moncy, and £1028 10s. 8d. in specie, all of which he paid out on orders from State treasury


15


114


HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.


(into which he had covered his receipts) for various mili- tary expenditures. It must be remembered that the Con- tinental money was immensely depreciated. We give the amounts received by Col. Smith and his sub-lieutenants in the period of time before mentioned, received in three kinds of funds.


Continental money.


State money.


Specie.


£ a. d.


8.


d.


£.


a. d.


Robert Smith


155,336 17 7


67


8


7 1028 10


8


Lewis Gronow


97,712


17


6


t


0


0 405


16


9


Andrew Boyd


27,634 15


4


Thomas Levis ..


89,915


14


9


110 3


6


701


7


0


Robert Wilson ..


29,935 7


0


6


15


0 186


3


140


9


8


Thomas Cheyney .... 106,279 14 9


410 8 3


From March, 1777, to April 8, 1778, Thomas Straw- bridge received, in paper money, £5239 28. 102d. To the credit of these officers, it appears that all the moneys re- ceived for fines for non-attendance upon days of exercise and substitutes were honestly accounted for or disbursed for necessary military purposes.


The officers and number of men enrolled in the eight battalions of Chester County were as follows :


1st .- Lieut .- Col. Thomas Bull, Maj. Peter Hartman ; number of men, 672.


2d .- Licut .- Col. John Bartholomew, Maj. Cromwell Pearce; num- ber of men, 873.


3d .- Lieut .- Col. George Pierce, Maj. Edward Vernon; number of men, 510.


4th .- Lieut .- Col. Richard Willing, Maj. William Brooke; number of men, 670.


5th .- Lient .- Col. John Gardner, Msj. John Culbertson ; number of men, 623.


6th .- Lieut .- Col. David McKey, Maj. Samuel Evans; number of men, 484.


7th .- Lieut .- Col. Isaac Taylor, Maj. John Craig.


8th .- Lieut .- Col. Joseph Speer, Maj. John Boyd ; number of men, 570.


The captains in the above battalions, serving at different periods, were Thomas Carpenter, Joseph Mendenhall, Wil- liam Whiteside, Joseph Luckey, Hugh Reed, John Boyd, John Bryan, David Curry, Robert Corry, Thomas Taylor, Joseph Johnston, Sampson Thomas, Jonathan Rowland, Evan Anderson, William Harris, Isaac Thomas, Alexander Lockart, John Craig, Thomas Levis, John Flower, Jona- than Vernon, John Lindsey, Edward Vernon, John Pitts, Mordecai Morgan, Joseph Bogg, John Fleming, and Capts. Cypher, Willson, Hister, Boylan, Morrell, Moore, Smith, Cochran, Henry, Marsh, McCloskey, Quin, Kirk, Price, Kemp, Pierce, Huston, Dunning, Allen, Graham, Denny, Barker, Elton, Scott, Beatty, Griffith, Carroll, Hollman, Brumback, Barber, Snyder, Eyry, Cummings, Jenkins, Kincaid, Corbie, Hays, Williamson, Blackburne, Colby, Ramsay, McKee, Fulton, Evans, Black, Ramage, and Strode.


MILITARY OFFICERS APPOINTED BY THE COUNTY COMMITTEE, 1776.


At a meeting of the Chester County committee, held at Richard Cheyney's house, in Downingtown, July 1, 1776, the following appointments were made in the battalion of the Chester County Flying Camp, that day organized, to wit :


Captains .- Joseph Gurdner, Samuel Wallace, Samuel Culbinson, James Boyline, John McDowelt, John Shaw, Matthew Boyd, and John Beaton.


First Lieutenants .- William Henry, Andrew Dunwoody, Thomas Henry, Benjamin Culbinson, Samuel Lindsay, Allen Cunningham, Joseph Strawbridge, and Joseph Bartholomew.


Second Lieutenants .- Robert Filson, William Lockard, Thomas Davis, Samuel Hamill, Jeremiah Cloud, Joseph Wherry, David Curry, and Alexander McCarragher.


Ensigns .- William Cunningham, John Grardtrensher, Jobn Filling, Andrew Curry, Thomas James, Lazarus Finney, Archibald Desart, and John Llewellyn.


The field-officers appointed were Col. William Mont- gomery, Lieut .- Col. Thomas Bull, and Maj. John Bartholo- mew. On July 20th William Price was appointed captain in place of John Shaw, resigned.


It was contemplated by the authors of this work to give a roster of the Chester County soldiers in the Revolution, and such a list was compiled from the recently-published "Archives of the Commonwealth ;" but after its compila- tion, so unsatisfactory was the result, so incomplete the list, and so uncertain the location, that it has been decided to omit it from this work. The " Archives," unfortunately, do not give the residence of but a very few of the many thou- sands of names recorded in its lists. The reader who is interested to know who served in the various commands organized in this county, or who served under Chester County officers, is referred to the " Archives," above men- tioned.


CHESTER COUNTY LOYALISTS.


No one can examine Sabine's " Loyalists of the Ameri- can Revolution" without being convinced that, in point of morality, intelligence, and respectability, this class of peo- ple stood quite as high as their opponents. A large num- ber of the so-called Whigs espoused the cause of freedom from a strong sense of the injustice meted out by the mother country ; but joined to these were many others of the lower classes in society, who were simply impatient of all restraint, and were ready to take part in any revolution- ary schemes. The mob violence exercised by these towards such as were not ready to adopt extreme measures showed that they had little appreciation of human rights, or even feelings of humanity. Some, who might in time have been led to see the desirability of independence, were repelled by their lawlessness, and others, smarting under their wrongs, became the most vindictive enemies of the patriot forces.


There are grievances at this day quite as oppressive on some classes as was the much-talked of " taxation without representation," or duty upon tea, of the Revolutionary period, and there was certainly room then for an honest difference of opinion as to the advisability of open rebel- lion. The Tories of that day-at least those who took no active part-held a position similar to that of Union men in the South during the late Rebellion. As to the Friends, their fundamental principles forbade their taking any part in warlike measures just as fully as they did in regard to robbery or murder at any time. If those of their members who violated the discipline in respect to war (and thereby ceased to be Friends) were any indication of the prevail- ing sentiment, the society was decidedly favorable to inde- pendence. Even if they were not, their well-known hu- manitarianism is sufficient refutation against any charge of


0


RES OF MAS HENRIETTA MCCLURE UPPER UWCHLAN, CHESTER CO.PA.


" MILFORD MILLS "UPPER UWCHLAN CHESTER CO. PA.


1721


"CHERRY FARM." RESIDENCE OF JOAQUIM BISHOP, REFINER AND WORKER IN PLATINUM,


-


115


GENERAL HISTORY.


base motives. Many of the charges brought against them then appear at this time not only groundless, but simply ridiculous.


The case of John Roberts, of Merion, though not within our present county limits, aroused more interest therein, perhaps, than that of any other sufferer from the partisan spirit of the time. A Friend of respectable family and well connected, he was tried, condemned, and executed, but for what reason is not very clear. The indictment against him contains nothing but generalities, beyond the fact that he had gone to and associated with the British forces in Philadelphia. The testimony of witnesses showed that even there his influence was exerted for the benefit of his countrymen. There are unfounded . charges in history of his having piloted the enemy to an attack on some of the American troops, which, even if true, must have been under compulsion. The notes of the chief justice on the trial have disappeared, and it is believed by descendants of John Roberts and others that their disappearance resulted from a desire to shield the authorities from censure for putting any one to death on such slight charges. It is known, however, that just prior to the battle of Brandy- wine, when several Friends in Philadelphia had been ar- rested, and without any trial sentenced to banishment, under guard, to Virginia, John Roberts was in the city, and, seeing the distress and anxiety of the wives and fami- lies of those persons, undertook the hazardous expedient of visiting the British army, then arrived in this county, and asking for a sufficient force to intereept them. On his way to effect this he called in the night at the residence of bis son-in-law, George Thomas, in West Whiteland, who warned him of the consequences, but he said that he could not feel easy without doing something in their be- half. Whether he communicated with the enemy is not stated, but the route of the exiles being changed, and their march accelerated, no interference was experienced by their escort.




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