History of Chester County, Pennsylvania, with genealogical and biographical sketches, Part 45

Author: Futhey, John Smith, 1820-1888; Cope, Gilbert, 1840-1928
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Philadelphia, L. H. Everts
Number of Pages: 1162


USA > Pennsylvania > Chester County > History of Chester County, Pennsylvania, with genealogical and biographical sketches > Part 45


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164


HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.


first purchase to the east branch of the creek ; and having sold 100 acres to Nathaniel Ring, he divided the remainder between his sons, Thomas and William, in 1721, reserving a life interest therein. In this division he gave each of his sons about equal frontage on both the main stream and branch, thus making two long, narrow, and irregular tracts. Between the large tract of Arthur Cook and that of Lang- horn and company there was left a vacant piece, through which ran the Brandywine from the Strasburg road to Jef- feris' Ford, and in 1702, Thomas Buffington obtained a warrant for 100 acres of this, " next his tract, whereon he is now seated, on Brandywine." In 1708 he purchased 54 acres adjoining of the Thomas Martin tract, and this, with that part of the 100 acres west of the creek, formed the greater part of the farm late of David Meconkey. Joseph Buffington was the first resident owner of 200 acres, in the forks of the creek, which he purchased in 1748, just after his father's death.


A tract of 125 acres on the east side of the creek, at the forka, now mostly included in the farm of George Little, was surveyed for Benjamin Mendenhall, of Concord, who made a partial conveyance thereof in 1699 to William Vestal. The latter settled thereon and built a house, but died soon after. His wife's name was Alice, and his chil- dren William, George, and a daughter, Sarah, who was drowned in a small pond of water in childhood, when they lived in Birmingham, 1696. The family continued to hold land in the township until 1729, after which they went South.


Robert Jefferis, of Chichester, disposed of his land in that township in 1700, and the next year purchased from William Vestal 169 acres on Brandywine, the south line of which now forms a portion of the line between East Bradford and Birmingham. It is likely that he settled on the land in the same year, but at that time the township lines were not very well defined, nor had Bradford even received the name, and we find that in 1703 Robert Jef- feris was appointed constable for Westtown, his next neighbor on the north, Richard Buffington, having held the office for three years previous. Tradition points to the residence of Charles Carter, on the road from Sager's mill to West Chester, as the site of Robert's dwelling. In 1712 he purchased the Noyes' tract of 256 acres, which now forms the principal part of the farms of John James, Pas- chall Hacker, and the late William Parker Foulke. In 1721 he purchased from William Buffington 189 acres, which connected the two former purchases. The Noyes' tract he conveyed to his sons, James and Robert, the Buffington tract to James and William, and the homestead to his son Benjamin ; so that he does not appear to have owned any land at the time of his death, which occurred about 1738.


Abiah Taylor settled on the Brandywine in 1702, and built a mill on a branch of this stream which flowed by his dwelling, the site of which is still used for the same pur- pose. In 1724 he built a brick house on a mound by the run which empties into the Brandywine a little south of the Strasburg road. It has been frequently said that the bricks were brought from England, but this is not correct. They were made on the farm, from clay procured a short-


distance south of the house. The window sash were made of lead, and the lights were small. It is still standing, and is known throughout the neighborhood as " the old brick house." It can be readily seen from the Strasburg road as


HOUSE BUILT BY ABIAH TAYLOR IN 1724.


the traveler passes between the old Black Horse tavern and Cope's bridge over the Brandywine. It is on the creek road Icading south from the Strasburg road. In its day it must have been considered one of the finest houses in the county. In 1706 he took up 200 acres on what haa been called Taylor's Run, and this he gave to his daughter, Deborah Parke, and her children. Abother tract of equal size he took up in 1715, and this passed to the family of his daughter, Alice Hoopes. This now forms the farms of Watson J. Ambler, Simeon Hoopes, and Benjamin. Few .. John Cope purchased, and in 1712 settled on, 200 acres of land on Taylor's Run, and next to the Goshen line. The valley through which this stream flows was named the " Vale of Avoca" by the late Dr. William Darlington. On the east side of the Brandywine, north of the Strasburg roud, 500 acres were located in right of ten servants .. A large part of it was purchased in 1761 by Abiah Taylor, grandson of the settler, and who built thereon in 1768 the substantial stone house now the residence of Robert L. Hayes.


Edward Wanton, of Scituate, Mass., by deed of 5th month 9, 1700, became the owner of 800 acres, it being the northern part of the Cook tract. This was sold by his sons, Joseph, William, and John, Sept. 7, 1727, to Joseph Townsend, who became the first resident owner. In 1731, Henry Woodward married Mary Townsend, and to him her father had conveyed 200 acres at the northwest corner in 1730. Woodward built a stone house thereon in 1731, now the northern part of the residence of George B. Mel -. lor, of which a view is elsewhere given. The land aubse- quently passed into the possession of Abel Boake and Joseph Peirce, who sold to Joseph Cope, whose son, of the same name, sold the western part of it to John Hannum, and he was succeeded by George B. Mellor. After the. death of Joseph Cope on the remaining portion, in 1870, it also was purchased by John Hannum, who died thereon in 1871. The buildings were erected by Joseph Cope in 1849 and 1850, and a view of them is elsewhere given.


Another portion of the Townsend tract, after remaining for two or three generations in the family, became, with: some additions on the north, the property of Cheyney Jef -.


RESIDENCE OF GEORGE LITTLE, EAST BRADFORD.


RESIDENCE OF JOSEPH LANCASTER, PENNSBURY.


165


TOWNSHIPS AND BOROUGHS, ETC.


feris in 1794. After his death it was purchased, in 1837, by John James, his son-in-law, and became the residence, and later the property, of his son, Edward James, to whom it still belongs. The buildings have been renewed by the present owner, who now lives adjoining West Chester. A view of the homestead will be found elsewhere.


Nathaniel Ring, in 1710, bought 386 acres of the Cook tract, now forming the greater part of the farms of Edwin James, Torbert Ingram, Richard Strode, and the late Emmor Davis and Philip Paxson. Richard Woodward bought another part of the Cook tract east of Nathaniel Ring, and settled thereon.


Between the two branches of Brandywine a large tract, called 1000 acres, was laid out for Thomas Langhorne and Arthur Borrodail. The western half was subsequently patented to Thomas Buffington in 1709, and the eastern half to. John Borrodail, son of Arthur, in 1702. The latter sold to Thomas Worth, of Darby, who devised the land to three daughters of his son John, deceased, and. they conveyed 150 acres at the south end to James Jef- feris, who lived at the place now owned by Edward Holley. The remaining 350 acres they sold to their uncle, Thomas Worth, in 1738, and he settled upon it the next year, being the first resident owner. A large part of the Buffington tract above mentioned passed into the Carter family, and was held by them for many years, but it is now owned by the Worth family.


Another 1000-acre tract, lying immediately north of the last, was surveyed for Daniel Smith, of Marlborough, England, and sold by Thomas Chalkley, agent for John Smith, a grandson, to Richard Woodward, of Thornbury, in 1724. This Richard was designated as of the " Forks," to distinguish him from the Richard on the east side of the creek. The first assessment to be found is that of 1715, viz. :


BRADFORD RATE.


£ e. d.


£ s. d.


Richard Woodward. 0


2


8


Robert Jeferes.


0 5


3


George Stroud


0


7


8


Abram Marshall


0 6 4


Richd Buffington.


0


5


0


William Veatall


0


2


0


ffree Men.


John Buffington.


0


2


0


John Stroud 0 4 0


Richard Moore ..


0


4 0


John Buttler.


0


4 0


0


1


3


3


0


0


4


6


Peter Colins ..


0


2


6


William Marshall


0


5


0


Daniel Smith.


0 8


4


John Cope


0


1


8


William Wonton. 0


6 8


John Corwell.


0


4 2


Edward Clayton.


0


2


6


Jacob Taylor ..


0 1


8 Thomas Arnold.


0


2


6


-


1 6 Total .. 5 7 2 George Carter 0


At a court held Nov. 30, 1731, a petition was presented, signed by George Strode, Joseph Townsend, James Jefferis, Abiah Taylor, Samuel Scott, Richard Buffington, Henry Woodward, James Tull, Isaac Vernon, Abraham Marshall, and fourteen others, asking for the division of the township and the defining of the boundaries according to a draught thereto annexed, whereupon,


"It's Ordered that the sd Township of Bradford shall be divided into two Townshipa and the Eastern part thereof called East Brad- ford, shall be bounded sa followeth, viz. : Beginning at the southwest corner of the land late of Richard Collett [Westtown], thence running by the same to the Welah Jine, and by the said line to the northwest corner of a tract of land surveyed for John Smith, and from thence


by a west line to the north branch of Brandywine creek, then down the same to the land late of Daniel Smith and Isaae Taylor ; thence along a line between the lands late of the said Daniel and Isaac to the northeast corner of Thomas Worth's land; thence along a line between the land of the said Daniel Smith, Thomas Worth, and the land late of George Carter, to the northwest corner of the said Car- ter'a land ; thence down the line between the land of the said George Carter, Thomas Buffington and William Rees, and the land of Abra- ham Marshall and William Marshall, to a corner of Isaac Norris' land ; then along a line between the land of the said Isaac Norris and William Marshall to the west branch of Brandywine oreck; thence down the same to the fork of the said creek ; then down the main creek to the southwest corner of Samuel Painter's land; then along a line between the land of the said Painter and the land of Daniel Davis and Jamca Townsend to the beginning.


"And it is also ordered that the Western division of the sd Town- ship of Bradford shall be bounded as is hereinafter mentioned, viz. : Begining at the southeast corner of the Society Traet, thence by the line of the same to the northern corner of the sd Tract, then by a Line to the south west corner of John Packer's Land and by the ad Packer's Land to the South East corner thereof and from thence East to the north Branch of Brandywine Creek and then by the Eastern division of the ad Township of Bradford to the Township of Kennett and by the sd Kennett Township and the Line of the sd Society Tract to the place of Begining."


Feb. 26, 1739-40, a petition was presented from a num- ber of persons living on " a strip of land lying between the townships of Calo, Bradford, Goshen, and Whiteland," complaining that they suffered for want of the opening and repair of roads in their vicinity, which the neighboring su- pervisors refused to attend to. These persons were Thomas Prise, George Jefferis, Jacob Roile, John Bradley, John Lard, George Reger, John Beale, Robert Cole, Isaac Few, Richard Woodward, Joseph Bourgoin, Charles Wollerton, Boltis Miller, and Gusten Gorman.


Jacob Vernon presented a petition of the same import respecting a piece of road between East Caln and West Bradford, and asking that the vacant land may be added to adjacent townships, or made into a township of itself. Twenty-four citizens of West Bradford remonstrated against any addition to their township, Feb. 24, 1740-1, claiming that it was definitely bounded before Caln or Fallowfield, but suggesting that the vacant land was sufficient to form another township. It was, however, subsequently ordered by the court


"That all the vacant land lying to the east of the north branch of the Brandywine Creek, and between the townships of Caln, Goshen, and Whiteland, shall be added to the township of East Bradford, and that the vacancy between Caln and West Bradford, including Edward Brinton's land, be added to West Bradford township."


Among the needs of the early inhabitants were bridges to cross the larger streams, especially at a time of high water caused by rains. Thus we read in the records of Brad- ford Mecting that in 1748 John Cope, who was expected to declare his intentions of marriage with Elizabeth Fisher before the meeting, did not appear, " which is thought to be occasioned by the great floods."


The following document has been met with :


" Whereas the Neighborhood as well as Travellers & Market people from some Distance, are under great Difficulty & sometimes danger for want of a Bridge upon the East Branch of Brandywine Creek, on the road Leading from Doerun by Joseph Martin's Tavern to Philadel- phia, at the Ford Called Taylor's ford in East Bradford, Chester county,


" Therefore, this is proposed as an Essay with Respect to it, to seo what Encouragement can be had by way of Subscription where all persona who are Desirous or willing to promote .ye Building a Bridge


0


3


4


0


8


4


4 William Clark 0 0


Non-resident Land.


Obidiab ( Ahiah) Taylor. William Baldwin


Abel Whitaker


0


Richd Buffington.


Thomas Buffington. 0


3


4


William Buffington.


166


HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.


et yes'd place may subscribe according to their Good pleasure herein. It is Intended to have it made sufficiently strong and Planked over for men & horses to pass, &c., and Abiah Taylor & Nathan Coope are ap- pointed to undertake ye work & have ye oversight of the same, and get ye Logs and other Timber Necessary prepared against Next Sum- mer to have it Raised, and all persons that subscribes onything toward 6'd Bridge, such of them that Chuse to pay their subscriptions in work at it, shall be allowed to work out the same at such work as they are capable of, they attending upon ye work when Requiset."


The subscribers' names to this paper were William Reed, William Woodward, Jr., Francis Townsend, Thomas Jef- feris, Benjamin Townsend, Ebenezer Worth, Stephen Har- lan, William Johnson, John Buffington, William Stringfel- low, James Woodward, James Bane, Joshua Webb, Thomas Hoopes, David Hoopes, Nathan Hoopes, Thomas Hoopes, Jr., Thomas Worth, James Kenney, Abiah Taylor, Samuel Coope, Joseph Parke, Joshua Hoopes, Nathan Coope, Evan Jones, John Townsend, Joseph Coope, Abraham Taylor, Jonathan Parke, Deborah Parke, Alexander Foreman, Charles Ryan, John Hoopcs, George Simeock, Joseph Haw- ley, Abram Pyle, Thomas Stephens, Robert Nilson, Joseph Martin, Joseph Thornbury, William Cullipher, Thomas Johnson, James Masters, Nathan Jefferis, Abiah Parke, John Lawrence, Joseph Woodward, and John Coope.


Francis Townsend, having a saw-mill, subscribed one hundred feet of plank, while all the rest gave money. All who are familliar with the locality will recognize the cross- ing as that occupied by the stone bridge at Edge T. Cope's. The above paper was not dated, but is supposed to have been written in 1767. Another paper, in the writing of Nathan Cope, gives an account of "work done at the Bridge," thus :


" To 3 Day's Drawing Logs a 15s. ₺ Day ........ 2 £


8. 5


d. 0


To 14} Daye Carting a 108. @ Day .. 7 5 0


To 6 Days Work a 38. 0 Day .. 18 0


To Dieting workmen at 4d. p Meal 2 6 2


12 14 2"


Another paper, without date, gives the proposed dimen- . sions of a bridge, doubtless the same, showing that there were to be two abutments, twenty-three feet wide at top, with four piers, making five spaces, to be covered with fif- teen sleepers on each span, and white-oak plank three inches thick, etc.


The present structure was built in 1807. A portion of the guard-wall containing the date-stone subsequently fell into the creck, and the stone being somewhat damaged, a new one was put in its place. One of the Parke family carried it home, and it lay for a long time at the foot of the door-steps. Anthony Taylor, who purchased the Parke farm and built an addition to the house, placed the stone in the gable-wall, where it now may be seen.


On the west side of the Brandywine, a short distance below Cope's bridge, a large mass of rocks rises almost per- pendicularly from the edge of the stream to the height of sixty or seventy feet, which have long been known as " De- borah's rocks." There is a legend connected with these rocks, the substance of which is that in the early days of the province, while the aborigines still largely possessed the land, an Indian maiden, in despair because her pale- faced lover, to whom she was devotedly attaclied, had de- serted her, threw herself from the cliff into the stream and was drowned. Some years since this legend was taken up


by one of our citizens and woven into a tale of deep and thrilling interest. It passed the rounds of the newspapers, and became fixed in the popular mind as a veritable narra- tive of actual occurrences. It is scarcely necessary to say to the intelligent reader that the story is without founda- tion, so far as is known to history. The name was given in honor of Deborah Taylor, whose husband, Samuel Tay- lor, in early times had owned the lands on which they are situated, and had devised to her a life estate therein; and instead of these rocks receiving their name from the heroic sacrifice of a fair Indian maiden, it was really conferred upon them from the circumstance of their being included in Deborah Taylor's life estate.


Bradford was probably named from Bradford, in York- shire, or the town of the same name on the Avon, in Wilt- shire, England.


East Bradford was reduced in size in 1856 by the cut- ting off of a portion of its southern end and attaching it to Birmingham, as mentioned in the notice of the latter township, and a portion of West Bradford was taken in the formation of the township of Pocopson in 1849. The line between East Bradford and West Bradford was changed somewhat in 1857, so as to make the Brandywine the line at or near Sugar's bridge, adding land of John Pollock to East Bradford.


EAST BRADFORD TAXABLES, 1753.


Thos Worth, Esq", Eliza. Jefferies, George Carter, Evan Jones, Joseph Buffington, James Smith, Wm Bennit, Samuel Grubb, Francie Linfield, Robert Jefferies, Wm Jefferies; John Jones, Jobn Carter, Samuel Painter, Daniel Davis, John Davis, Junt, Abram Davis, John Davis, Sent, John Davis, son of John, Joha Darlington, Tho" Dar- lington, George Entrikin, George Stroud, Theophilus Canby, Wm Stroud, Jas Jefferies, Richd Woodward, Sam Taylor, Henry Wood- ward, Abel Boake, Jacob Sharpless, Jobn Townsend, Joseph Townsend, Sam1 Cope, John Cope, Tho" Jefferies, Wm Quaintance, Joseph Wray, John Newlin, Anthony Dougherty, Charles Woolerton, Joseph Bur- goine, Jobn Gray, Thos Price, Jacob Riley, Benja Hawley, George Regoe, George Jefferies, Isaao Few, Isaac Lowe, Richª Clark, Wm Atherton, Nathan Hoopes, Edward Seeds, Jos Pierce, John Broomer.


Inmates .- Thomas Jefferies, John McCarty, John Stroud, John Wyor, Wm Stringfellow, Sam Beaton, Tho" Bailey, Robert Jobnson, Richard Archer, John Fox.


Freemen .- George Archer, Tho" Hayes, Robert Porter, David Fling, Sam1 Entrikin, Dan1 Harry, George Miles, Bryan Miles, John Doyle, Henry Croff, Tho" Lasley, James Cammel, John Ward, Solomon Hop- kins, Nath1 Jofferiee.


LAND-OWNERS, 1774.


Abiah Taylor, Abrm. Taylor, Abel Boake, Amos Davie, Abigail Fting, Benj. Hawley, Chas. Ryan, Daniel Davis, Deborah Taylor, Emmor Jefferis, Enoch Gray, Gco. Carter, Geo. Dunavan, Geo. Entri- ken, Henry Woodward, Hannah Carter, Joseph Rhoades, Jas. Jefferis, Jos. Cope, John Taylor, Jos. Buffington, Jos. Parke, John Hannum, Jos. Temple, Joha Jones, James Wolerton, Joseph Wolerton, Joshua Hoops, Jas. Starr, John Townsend, Isaac Chapman, John Darlington, Joseph Underwood, Jas. Painter, Joseph Downing, Jacob Talbot, Mary Grubb, Jas. Robinson, John Underwood, Nathan Cope, Nathan Hoops, Nathl. Jefferis, Richd. Jones, Richd. Strode, Riebd. Jefferis, Saml. Painter, Saml. Cope, Susanab Davis, Saml. Eatriken, Thos. Speakman, Thos. Worth, Thos. Hall, Thos. Carter, Wm. Meeser, Saml. Osborn, Joseph Hawley, and George Strode.


WEST BRADFORD TAXABLES, 1753.


George Ligget, Thomas Ligget, William Clark, William Milliken, Robert Cole, John Buffinton, Richard Woodward, Richard Buffinton, Elixander Mullen, Robert Wilson, Susannab Thornbry, Joseph Mar- tin, Joseph Few, John Mathews, George Martin, John Woodward, James Millison, Henry Hastings, John Young, Thomas Sheward, Joseph Taylor, Edward Cleaton, John Cleaton, Joshua Clcatoa,


WATER WHEELS.


ENCORE TSONSTMACHINISTS


TURBINE


E. T. COPE'S SONS' MANUFACTORY AND RESIDENCE, EAST BRADFORD.


"MAPLETON FARM AND DEPOT." RESIDENCE OF THOMAS S. COX, WILLISTOWN.


167


TOWNSHIPS AND BOROUGHS, ETC.


Issao Marshall, Thos. Edmons, James Carny, Robert Thornton, Samuel Tharnton, Humphry Marshall, Rachel Marshall, Samuel Sellers, Hannah Marshall, John Battin, Isaac Vernon, James Trom- bla, William Woodward, Thomas Arnold, Thomas Buffington, Samuel Worth, Thomas Thornbury, James Hill, William Buffington, Stephen Harlan, James Marshall, John Buffingtan, Nath'l Buffington.


Inmates .- William Kirgan, Andrew Michael, Randal MoAllister, John Wilson, James Ramsey, Joseph Armstrong, John Shaw, Wil- liam Clayton, James Weldon, William Baldwin, Margan Edwards.


Freemen .- James Shearard, George Martin, John Martio, James Buffington, James Cambell, Hugh Johnson, John Whippo, Henry Hastings, George Powell, Michael Ogollion, David Fling, Thomas McManus.


LAND-OWNERS, 1774.


Sarah Arnold, Ralph Aokison, Richd. Bakar, John Batton, John Buffingtan, Jos. Brown, Josl Baily, Robt. Buffington, Wm. Buffington, James Bans, John Bane, John Batton, Jr., Jas. Bruce, Jana Buffing- ton, Richd. Buffington, John Chalfant, Jashus Clayton, Wm. Clay- tan, John Clark, Wm. Cooper, Jas. Chalfant, John Claytan, Geo. Cur- røy, John Dowdle, Robt. Eastburn, Valentine Emerick, Wm. England, Thas. Ellis, Latham Engram, Abrm. Ford, Jas. Galbraith, Thos. Green, Joseph Green, Geo. Grasse, Joseph Hawley, Stephen Harlan, John Jordan, Gao, Jacobs, Danl. Leonard, Walter Lilley, Mary Lewis, Geo. Martin, Humphry Marshal, James Marshal, Martin Miller, Isaac Marshall, Jas. MoElhaney, Joseph Martin, John Mar- ahal, Jas. Millesan, Samuel Marshal, Abraham Pile, James Ramsey, Saml. Sellera, Jr., Saml. Sellers, Thos. Shuart, Jas. Trimble, Richd. Townsend, Jos. Thornbury, Caleb Martin, Saml. Warth, John Wood- ward, Jos. Woodward, Sarah Woodward, Wm. Waadward, Wm. Woodward (carpenter), Robt. Woodward, Rabt. Wilson, Jas. Wood- ward, Joha Young, Archibald Young, John Young, Jr.


EAST BRANDYWINE AND WEST BRANDYWINE.


The township of Brandywine was erected from the northern part of East Caln township in 1790, and ex- tended northward to the southern line of Springton Manor. It received ita name from the stream by the two branches of which it was bounded respectively on ita cast and west sides. It was divided into East Brandywine and West Brandywine in 1844. In 1853 a small part of the southern end of West Brandywine was taken in the formation of Valley township, and in 1859 the line between East Brandywine and West Brandywine was altered in a part of its course so as to include in West Brandywine a part of East Brandywine. In 1860 West Brandywine was enlarged on the north by a consider- able addition to it from the southeast corner of Honey- brook and the western part of Wallace. This addition in- cluded the Presbyterian church commonly known as Bran- dywine Manor, which theretofore had been in Honey- brook.


The name " Brandywine Manor" being borne in common parlance by this church, and there being also a post-office of the same name, has given the impression that there was a manor of that name. This, however, was not the case. There never was a manor created by William Penn or his heira bearing the name of Brandywine. The church above referred to is situated upon lands which formed part of the manor of Springton. This manor embraced the greater part of what ia now Wallace township, and also a part of the present townahip of West Brandywine, and perhaps of other townships. The church above referred to has been ecclesiastically known from the carliest period of its history to the present time as the "Forks of Brandywine," and being located on manor-land, it became popularly known as the " Manor church," to which Brandywine, from the


name of the church, would naturally be added. It is com- monly spoken of, even at the present day, by those residing in the vicinage, as the " Manor church."


On the north line of the two townships a survey was made in 1714, for George Claypoole, of 1820 acres. South of this William Branson, of Philadelphia, held 1275 acres. In 1799 the number of taxables was 193.


CALN, EAST CALN, AND WEST CALN.


Caln township originally included the territory now em- braced in Caln, East Caln, West Calo, East Brandywine, West Brandywine, and a part of Valley township, and the borough of Downingtown, and that . part of Coatesville lying east of the west branch of Brandywine. It was named from the town of Calne, in Wiltshire, England, whence some of the early settlers came. In 1702, and about that time, surveys were made, extending from the Welah tract (the western line of Whiteland) on the east to the west branch of Brandywine on the west, mostly con- fined to the valley. These surveys were afterwards ex- tended northward and northwesterly.




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