History of California, Volume VI, Part 40

Author: Bancroft, Hubert Howe
Publication date: 1885-1890
Publisher: San Francisco, Calif. : The History Company, publishers
Number of Pages: 816

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port township to sustain Cherokee, of 1850, North San Juan, which became a strong town, Birchville, Sweetland, and French Corral, the latter dating since 1849. Westward lay the well-known Condemned, Frenchinen, and Rice bars, and along the South Yuba, Bridgeport and Jones. Nevada ranks foremost in mining enterprise, for inventing and applying machinery, and in conducting water for working it. In 1850 four ditches were undertaken, beginning in March, it is claimed, with a channel about 13 miles long from Mosquito Creek to Coyote Hill. In May water was brought from Little Deer Creek to Phelps Hill, at the rate of $4 per day per 'ton.' Moore began in August the ditch from Deer Creek to Rough and Ready, which was com- pleted in ISol by A. L. & B. O. Williams, for 15 miles. In Dec. a canal from Rock Creek to Coyote Hill, 9 miles, was finished, at a cost of $10,000. Sac. Transcript, May 15, 1851, calls the Rock Creek Canal the first of the kind, followed by two from Deer Creek. Grass Val. Directory, 1856, 10-12, claims the first in Aug., for Moore; in ISol was begun the 15-mile canal from Deer Creek to Gold Flat; the Newton ditch of 5 miles, and the Triunion to Sucker Flat, 15 miles. By the close of 1855 there were 44 ditches, 682 miles long, says Cal. Ass. Jour., 1856, p. 26. The assessor's report for 1856 has over 100 ditches, with a total length of 800 miles. The South Yuba canal of 16 miles cost $350,000, owing to its durability of construction and difficult route, including a tunnel of 3,200 feet. S. F. Bulletin, Nov. 29, 1856. The next in cost was the Middle Yuba of 26 miles, $100,000; the Miner's from the same source, 20 miles, $80,000; the Poorman's, 20 miles, and Grizzly, 45 miles, cost $40,000 each, and several ranged above $20,000; Simpson of 11 miles, from Shady Creek, is rated at only $2,000; and the Wisconsin, from Steep Hollow, 4 miles, at $800, owing to aid from self-sluicing, no doubt. Nevada Co. Hist., 171-2. The charge in 1851 ranged from $16 for the first use to $1 for the muddy residue of the last claim. In 1855 a stormy convention met to obtain a reduction to 25 cents per inch of water. Nev. Jour., Nov. 23, 30, 1855; Jan. 18, 1856. Further details of Nevada mining in Marysville Directory, 1858, 26, 94, etc .; Yuba Co. Hist., 136, etc .; Gruss l'al. Directory, 1865, 69-88; Nev. Democ., Nov. 29, 1854; Grass Val. Teleg., Dec. 12, 1854, etc .; Id., Union, Nov. 15, 1867, etc .; Sac. Transcript, 1850-1, passim; Placer Times, 1849-50, passim; Pac. News, Oct. 2, Nov. 13, 1850; Cal. Courier, July 13, Sept. 27, 1850; Alta Cal., Aug. 2, 1847; Feb. 5, 1850; Jan. 30, 1853, and 1849-56, passim; S. F. Bulletin, 1855-6, passim; Sac. Union, Id.

27 The Yuba revealed gold as far down as Marysville, in Aug. IS51, but here mining was forbidden. The first bar above of any note was Swiss, dat-

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UNFOLDING OF MINERAL WEALTH.

The same famous Blue Lead stretches with a great profusion of gravel deposits into Sierra, Butte, and Plumas counties, marked by a long line of tunnels and camps. The auriferous slate is generally covered by beds of volcanic origin which form the crest of the Sierra, but rivers have furrowed deep channels through them, especially along the western rims, leaving numerous rich bars and flats to delight the early surface diggers. Rich was indeed a common appellation for bars in this region, as well it might be, with prospects of several hundred dollars to the pan

ing since 1850, which like several others was soon buried beneath the débris from the upper mines. Above lay the bars known as Sand, Long, very rich and lasting, Ousley, Kennebec, Saw-mill, Cordua, all of 1849; Spect, of 1848, named after the first gold discoverer on the Yuba, who also opened the richer and enduring Rose Bar. Below this lay Parks, also of 1848, perhaps the most valuable on the river, which polled 600 votes in 1852, and threatened to rival Marysville. Here 5 men took out 525 lbs. of gold within a few days, and returned home. Sac. Transcript, Sept. 30, 1850. Above lay Sicard Bar of 1849, which in 1850 led up to Sicard Flat, a rich and lasting hydraulic point, whose gravel belt extends in the hills toward Long Bar to Chimney Hill, and southward to Gatesville or Sucker Flat and Sand Hill, of 1850. The adjoining Timbuctoo, Mooney's Flat, and Smartsville rose to prominence . in 1855-6. Continuing along the river we find Barton Bar, Malay Camp, Lander, Union, Industry, National, Stoney, Poverty, Kanaka, English, Wins- low, the latter named after a captain who introduced Chinese laborers, Negro, Missouri, and Horseshoe bars, Lousey Level, or Rice Crossing, Frenchman, and Condemned bars, Clingman's Point. At the mouth of Middle Yuba were many miners, and above lay Freeman Bar. Along the North Yuba were Bul- lard, Ferry, and Foster bars, of 1849, the latter having in 1850 about 1,000 people; at Bullard $50,000 was spent to turn a worthless river-bed. Above were the minor Long No. 2, Oregon, Pittsburg, Rock Island, Elbow, and Missouri No. 2 bars. In 1852 several bars appeared higher up toward the Slate Range Bar of 1849. Within the angle of the river bend extended the Camptonville district, which became prominent after 1850, and gave rise to a number of rich camps along the gravel belt from Oak Valley, to Campton- ville, along Young, Galena, and Railroad hills, the latter so named from the first use of iron rails in tunnel operations. The north-east district embraced Strawberry Valley and Eagleville. In upper Foster district were Oregon Hill, or Greenville, and Indiana Rancho, the latter with 500 miners in 1851-2. Westward, in New York district, Natchez became after 1850 the centre of several rich ravines, which extended at intervals through Ohio Flat to Mt Hope, and afforded later a little quartz mining. Lower, along Dry Creek, rose Frenchtown and Brown's Valley, the latter remarkable for the most ex- tensive though not very profitable quartz mining in the county. To the gravel deposits are due nearly all the ditch enterprises, which, begun in 1850, numbered eight years later 24, with a length of 218 miles, of which 60 miles belonged to the Triunion, from Deer to Sucker Flat district, 32 miles to the Excelsior to the same point, from Middle Yuba and Deer Creek. A number of ditches, 16 miles and less in length, supplied the Camptonville belt, and Brown Valley had also its conduits, one of 10 miles from Dry Creek. For authorities, see preceding note, and Hist. Yuba Co., passim; Marysville Direc- tory, 1858, 22 et seq .; Cal. Ass. Jour., 1856, p. 26, has 18 ditches of 360 miles, value $560,000.

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QUARTZ MINING.

of dirt, and with nuggets ranging from the Monu- mental of Sierra City, 141 pounds in weight, to several of 20 and 50 pounds. On the north Yuba, Downieville became the centre of a wide circle of camps. South of it tunnelling early developed at Forest City, and in the opposite directions Slate and Cañon creeks loomed into prominence, with many dry diggings. For the year 1851-2 the assessor estimated the yield of Sierra county at $3,000,000, a figure well sustained by the expansion of drift and hydraulic mining, aided by about 300 miles of ditching prior to 1856, and by the growth of quartz crushing, for which half a dozen mills were erected. This branch was here led by the Sierra Butte mine, which ranked with the best of Nevada. In Butte and Plumas deep and extensive operations were more restricted, partly from the ob- stacles to the hydraulic method in Butte, owing to the level surface which offered an insufficient fall, and in Plumas owing largely to the difficulty and cost of conveying water. By 1856 the latter possessed only 65 miles of ditches. Quartz mining had in both re- ceived a discouraging check from early reckless exper- iments, but was gradually resumed to counteract the decline in shallow placers. Along the lower Feather River, Bidwell Bar, Long Bar, Forbestown, all soon eclipsed by Oroville, contributed largely to the pro- duction of Butte, which was noted for the surpassing fineness of its gold.28 In Plumas the bars unfolded in such profusion and wealth as to satisfy even the expectations of the stragglers, who in 1850 had been lured by the Gold Lake fiction to this region. The North Fork boasted several places which had yielded fortunes in rapid succession, and Nelson Creek was literally speckled with nuggets and dust.29

28 Ranging as high as $20.40 per ounce.

29 Along the north Yuba, Cut Eye, Foster, and Goodyear bars had been opened in 1849, the last polling in 1852 a vote of nearly 600. Intermediate rose in 1850 St Joe, Nigger Slide, Ranty Doddler, Hoodoo, Cut Throat or Woodville, and Slaughter bars. On Goodyear Creek, Eureka flourished in 1856, and subsequently prominent near by lay Excelsior Diggings. The lead- ing place was Downieville, first prospected by Goodyear or Anderson, but

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UNFOLDING OF MINERAL WEALTH.

Northward placer mining, especially of the surface character, remained preeminent, hydraulic and quartz

opened in the autumn of 1849 by Downie and others, and proving very rich, a population of 5,000 had gathered by April 1850. A year later over 1,100 votes were polled. Near by lay Snake, Cox, Steamboat, Big Rich, and Little Rich bars, Durgan Flat or Washingtonville, Jersey Flat or Murraysville, Zumwalt, O'Donnell, Charcoal, and Kanaka flats, and Sierra City, which became prominent in 1858. The divide southward was marked by the exten- sive tunnel operations at Forest City, first known as Brownsville and Eliza- ville, and at Smith Flat and Alleghany, the latter unfolding rich quartz veins in due time. On the north side of North Yuba ran Canon Creek, with Poker and Craig's flats, and Slate Creek, with a number of tributary diggings, as Port Wine, Sears, which in 1856 had a vote of 398, Howland Flat, which long prospered, Pine Grove, Gibsonville, Whiskey Diggings or Newark, Hepsidam Chandlerville, Spanish Flat, and Minnesota. Several were dry diggings, which yielded their share of nuggets, and of these Sierra county boasted many, including the Monumental, elsewhere mentioned, from Sierra City, weighing 148 Ibs. 4 oz. The second largest of California was a chunk of 51 Ibs. from French Ravine in 1853, and one from above Downieville in 1851 which netted about $8,000. Fluming added greatly to the gold production, which the assessor for the year IS51-2 estimated at $3,000,000. Cal. Jour. Sen., 1853, app. 3, pp. 55-6. Instances of rich finds in Sac. Transcript, Aug. 30, Nov. 29, 1850, Feb. 14, 1851, which speaks of strata yielding as high as $500 to the pan, and a score of pounds of gold in a day. Vowell's Mining, MS., 23-4. Drift and hydraulic mining acquired their real development only in later years, together with quartz. Nevertheless, several good ledges were worked in early days, notably Sierra Buttes, opened in 1850, which ranked second only to the Nevada lodes, and is supposed to have produced no less than $7,000,000 in 30 years. Gold Bluff, near Downieville, promised well. By 1858 seven mills had been erected in the county, valued at $56,000 and crushing 12,500 tons of ore. The length of mining ditches was then 183 miles, carrying 22,000 inches of water, the earliest, between 1850-3, being Haven's flume, which supplied Downieville, the Goodyear Bar ditch from Rock Creek, and Sears' Union, 11 miles from Slate Creek. Feather River, which for a time claimed to be the richest of the streams, was opened by Bid- well, who as a land-owner upon it prospected in 1848 and found gold near Ham- ilton, for a time county seat, and at Bidwell Bar, the leading place in Butte county till 1836; in 1853 it had a tributary population of 2,000. The main Feather River, round Thompson Flat, Adams Bar, and Long Bar, were also mined in 1848, the last turning out very rich, and counting at one time 4,000 diggers. Thompson Flat, or Rich Gulch, attained by 1854 at least 500 inhab- itants. All these were eclipsed by Oroville, called Ophir from 1849 to 1855, which in the following year claimed a population of fully 4,000, and attained the dignity of county seat. The adjoining Lynchburg became in 1835 a pow- erful rival, but collapsed. Above lay the rich Oregon City and Cherokee Flat, the latter sustained by heavy hydraulic operations. Mountain View, Dogtown, or Magalia, was in 1855-6 a prominent mining place. Eastward, above Honcut Creek, Evansville, Wyandotte, Honcut, Dicksburg, and Forbes- town rose in 1850, the latter becoming in 1853 second only to Bidwell Bar, with a population of 1,000, In 1855 Clipper Mills and Bangor unfolded, the latter with large gravel deposits. Along the south fork of Feather River were Stringtown, dating since 1849, and subsequently Enterprise, the latter revived in later years by quartz mining. On the north fork were Potter Bar, opened in 1848, and Yankee Hill in 1850. Concow township embraced a number of extinct camps, as Rich, Chuh, and Spring gulches, Berry Creek, Huff and Bartees bars. Among nuggets Butte county obtained from Dog- town a chunk of 54 Ibs, and elsewhere a large number worth over $1,000. With the increase of fluming and hydraulic operations, 1855 and subsequent

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IN THE NORTH.

finding fewer devotees, partly from the capricious nature of the deposits, and partly, as in Trinity, from

years saw a steady maintenance in the yield. Even in 1873 this amounted to over a million for four months. Quartz lodes were discovered in 1850, and proved so promising that two years later the county joined the excitement, and expended much time and money in fruitless experiments, as with the Sutter Quartz Co. of Forbestown, whose mill cost $200,000. The result was that most of the 13 companies existing in 1854 retired, a few alone, like the '49 and 56,' Trojan, and Banner, proving remunerative. The excitement assisted in promoting the construction of ditches, which served to develop other branches. The first three, of 1852, supplied Long Bar, Thompson Flat, and the Oroville-Wyandotte region, the last, from Forbestown, being 30 miles long. In 1855-6 Oroville obtained a special ditch.

The choice part of Feather River deposits fell within the limits of Plumas county, which was practically opened only in 1850 by stragglers from the Gold Lake rush. Below the Middle Fork, Onion and Little Grass valleys served as wintering ground, whence were explored Sawpit Flat, Richmond Hill, Rabbit Creek, and other diggings. The adjoining Nelson Creek proved exceedingly rich, nuggets lying strewn on the ground, and rockers yiel ling $500 a day. Alta Cal., July 14, 1851. A host of bar, flat, and creek camps sprang up, as Graveyard, Henpeck, Poorman's, etc. On the Middle Fork, Eureka quartz lodge was discovered in IS51, and gave rise to the ephemeral City of '76. Near by grew up Jamieson City. Among noted bars were Rich, well deserving the name, Butte, Sailor, Poplar, Nigger, and Bingham; here were also Poverty and Columbia flats. Toward the North Fork lay Elizabeth- town, or Betsyburg, which became the largest camp in the county, and rivalled the adjoining Quincy for the county seat, but declined after 1855. On the river itself a number of bars were opened, as Junction, Twelve-mile, Soda, Indian, French, Smith, etc., and not least Rich Bar, so named from a prospect of $2,900 from two pans of dirt. Several spots paid equally well. Four men took out $50,000 within a short time, and three others $36,000 in four days. In due time gravel beds and quartz attracted the main effort of miners; by 1856 only 65 miles of ditches had been constructed. Cal. Jour. Ass., 1856, p. 26; 45 miles at a cost of $170,000, says the assessor's report of 1857. Thomas, Mining Remin., MS., 3 et seq., Tyler, Bidwell's Bar, MS., 4 et seq., Armstrong, '49 Exper., MS., 13, etc., give interesting personal ex- periences in this region. Sac. Transcript, Aug. 14, 1850, and 1851, passim; Placer Times, Jan. 5, March 23, 1850 et seq .; Pac. News, Jan. 10, May 15, 23, Aug. 21-3, Nov. 6, 1850, refer to big finds, of 7 lbs at a time, 50 cents to the pan, etc., of consequent fresh rush to Feather River early in 1851. Then came notices of men taking out nuggets, and over $2,000 a day. In Ang. 1850, 1,000 men were said to be working on the North Fork of Feather River, where claims of 15 feet square sold from $100 to $300, and on Nelson Creek at $250 a foot. It was supposed that Feather River would for 1850 yield more than the rest of the gold-fields. Rich quartz specimens were shown from the Yuba-Feather region in May 1850. For developments till 1856, see notices in Alta Cal., 1849-56, passim; S. F. Herald, 1851-6, passim; Sac. Union, 1854- 6, passim; Sierra Citizen, Nov. 11, Dec. 9, 1854; Mount. Messenger, Dec. 2, 1854, etc .; Meadow Lake W. Sun, Nov. 24, 1866; Quincy Union, Dec. 9, 16, 23, 30, 1865, etc .; S. F. Sun, June 8, 1853, refers to Onion Valley yielding the ' hansomest gold,' though worked for the third time; Pioneer May., iv. 345, etc .; Miner's Advocate, Nov. 25, 1854, etc .; S. F. Bulletin, 1855-6, passim; Mar. 23, July 3, 7, etc., 1857; May 26, 1860. At Rich Bar a man took out apparently $15,000 in two days. Armstrong's Exper., MS., 13. Bates obtained $2,500 from one panful and sold the lead for $5,000. At Downieville the aver- age yield is reputed at 2 Ibs a day per man. Cal. Courier, Aug. 9, 14, 23, 30-1, Sept. 2, 1850. At Foster and Goodyear bars, average $60 a day; near Nel- son Creek $300 to $400 a day per man; a streak at South Bar yielded $5,000 a

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UNFOLDING OF MINERAL WEALTH

unfavorable environment, and the difficulties and cost of access. Tehama has been practically excluded from metallic distribution, situated as it is almost wholly in the valley, so that only a few mining camps of minor note fell at one time within its limits. In Shasta the industry reasserts itself and shares in the eastern part in the silver lodes which form a leading feature of trans-mountain Lassen, to be developed in later years. The main fields of Shasta lie between Clear Creek and Soda Springs, tributary properly to the hitherto bar- ren Coast Range, which, however, is here commingled with the westward turning Sierra Nevada, forming throughout the north-west an intricate network of spurs and narrow ravines, relieved by a few small val- leys and flats. Reading, of Trinity River fame, gave his name to the district which sprang up in 1849 round Clear Creek and lifted Shasta City to prosperity. The main headwaters of the Sacramento and McLeod fork rose to prominence in the following year, the former proving enduring and sharing with the lower diggings in subsequent revivals which gave such ac- tivity in 1855 to ditch enterprises and operations on a large scale.

The fields north and westward had been made known by passing Oregonians, and particularly by Reading, who in 1848 penetrated to the Trinity, and was so encouraged as to return the following season. He was followed by a large train, a section of which started by sea from San Francisco to seek an entrance from the coast, and there plant supply stations. Among the results were the settlement of Humboldt Bay and Crescent City, and the vapid Gold Bluff ex- citement, during the winter 1850-1, with the expec- tation to reap an easy harvest from the auriferous shore sand already washed by the sea waves.39 Mean-

day in quarter and half pound lumps; two men got 56 lbs in one day; Mont- gomery and McCabe's claim yielded $1,000 a day for weeks; Smith Bar yielded $1,000 per hour. Pac. News, July 17, Aug. 21-3, Oct. 2, 22, Dec. 11, 1802. Two Germans made 35 lbs in one day at Rich Bar. S. F. Picayune, Aug. 21-5, 31, Oct. 3, Nov. 23, 1850.

30 The Gold Bluffs proper, below Klamath River, were discovered in May

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THE SHASTA REGION

while prospectors poured from the Trinity to other branches of the Klamath, finding rich bars on the Salmon, and meeting on Shasta River with gold- hunters from Oregon. The discovery of Scott Bar and similar glittering spots chained them to this re- gion, and brought quickly large reinforcements from the south. Bars and gulches were opened throughout Scott Valley, on Thompson Creek and other tribu- taries, as well as upon the main Klamath. The open- ing of Cottonwood Creek and the hitherto misunder- stood Yreka flat, Greenhorn and Humbug creeks, whose coarse grains and nuggets yielded fortunes in rapid succession, assisted in pointing out the true extent and nature of these strata, and in promoting the extensive operations marked by such ditch con- structions as the Shasta canal of 1856 running for 80 miles.

The bars and tributaries of the lower Klamath, especially Salmon River, added to the wealth of Klamath and Del Norte counties, the latter possess- ing, moreover, remunerative diggings close to the coast, round Crescent City and upon Smith River. Humboldt's share was practically limited to the scanty production of the ocean gold bluffs, for the interior Trinity county tapped the main sources on the head- waters of the Trinity, with numerous bars, and with branch streams like Stewart, the site of Ridgeville,

1850, and to them was directed, under highly colored accounts by interested parties, the senseless rush of Dec. 1850, and subsequent months. The aurif- erous sand was estimated to yield from 10 cents to $10 a lb., and the patch corresponding to one member of the formed company was valued at $43,000,- 000, assuming it to be one tenth as rich as supposed. For reports on the field and the rush, see Van Dyke's Stat., MS., 4 et seq .; Sac. Transcript, Jan .- Feb. 1851, and other journals. With the return of one unsuccessful party early in Feb. 1851, the journals began to discredit the reports, observing sa- gaciously that the eagerness of stockholders to sell shares looked suspicious. Over 2,000 miners were lured from El Dorado and Calaveras alone, it was said. Yet the Placer Times, Nov. 15, 1851, still speaks of successful operations by the chief company, although most trials had proved the gold specks to be too fine for remunerative separation from the heavy black sand in which they lay. The deposits extended nearly from Crescent City to Humboldt Bay. By watching for the richer patches left by the retreating tide, a considerable amount of sand could be secured, and with the aid of sluicing at some adjoin- ing creek, as the readiest process, a sufficient proportion of specks could be saved to repay the labor of a small number of men.

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UNFOLDING OF MINERAL WEALTH ..

Rush Canon, the site of Canon City, and Weaver Creek, the site of thriving Weaverville. The county claimed in 1856 over 2,500 miners, whose average income amounted to $1,000 each for the year. Flum- ing and hydraulic undertakings were in the north-west restricted to a small area, owing to unfavorable sur- roundings. This interfered also with the reduction of quartz. Ledges had been discovered in 1851, and the excitement which seized upon the branch throughout California found its due response also here; but dis- tance from the base of supply for machinery and pro- visions so increased the obstacles presented by nature, inexperience, and costlier labor, as to cast a long spell upon the industry.81

31 In the Reading district, centring round Shasta, or The Springs, a num- ber of camps sprang up in 1849, along and near Clear Creek, among which Briggsville and Horsetown became the most prominent and enduring. Hayes' Mining, iv. 49 et seq. The bed of the creek proved rich, and by the autumn of 1850 some 20 dams were placed to turn the current. Suc. Trancript, Aug. 30, 1850. Northward rose the noted Grizzly Gulch, Flat Creek, Gold Run, Muletown, Churn Creek, Buckeye, Mad Mule, Hardscrabble, and other gulches. The main Sacramento toward Soda Springs acquired fame, chiefly in 1850, when Dog Creek and other tributaries lured the prospector. The mystic Lost Cabin, which so long formed one of their ignes fatni, was said to have been rediscovered after 14 years. Yreka Union, Feb. 20, 1864. McLeod River also proved remunerative, and new fields continued to be unfolded, as shown by the scattered notices in Alta Cal. for 1850 et seq., and Shasta Cour- ier, 1852-4, passim. Early in 1855, the main Sacramento created a decided excitement, the bars at different points yielding readily $5 per day and up- ward. S.tc. Union, Apr. 13, 19, 1855. In the following year the yield was declared to be greater than ever. S. F. Bulletin, Jan. 29, Feb. 19, 1856; and Shasta flourished till it acquired a population of some 6,000. The increase was greatly due to finmes, tunnels, and other extensive operations, which more- over increased the construction of ditches, particularly in 1855. The most notable enterprises were the Clear Lake ditch, 35 miles in length. Briggs- ville was supplied by a special ditch from Cottonwood, and shared in the con- duit to Lower Texas Springs. Sac. Union, Feb. 15, Apr. 10, May 29, June 12, Oct. 30, 1855, etc. Yet during 1856 water became scarce, which interfered with sluicing. Beyond Mount Shasta, whose volcanic flows had covered many ancient deposits, Siskiyou revelled in a series of rich districts tributary to the upper Klamath. Oregonians on the way to and from the Sacramento had prospected them with moderate results; their unfoldment was due chiefly to the attention created by Reading's venture on the Trinity, to which stream he penetrated in 1848 by crossing from Cottonwood Creek with a band of Indians, and finding sufficient inducement to return in 1849 to work the bar bearing his name. He was joined by Kelsey and others, who reported a yield of from $100 to $300 per day. Placer Times, Sept. 29, 1849, etc .; Alta Cal., Aug. 2, 1849; S. F. Herald, June 8, 1850; Sac. Transcript, Oct. 14, 1850. R. G. Shaw and his unfortunate companions were among the few who dared to winter here. The glowing accounts transmitted roused a lively in- terest in the south, and as the Trinity was supposed to abut at Trinidad Bay, this point was regarded as the best entrance to it. Expeditions accordingly

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History of California, Volume VI, Part 40

Author: Bancroft, Hubert Howe Publication date: 1885-1890 Publisher: San Francisco, Calif. : The History Company, publishers Number of Pages: 816

Author: Bancroft, Hubert Howe
Publication date: 1885-1890
Publisher: San Francisco, Calif. : The History Company, publishers
Number of Pages: 816