History of California, Volume VI, Part 56

Author: Bancroft, Hubert Howe
Publication date: 1885-1890
Publisher: San Francisco, Calif. : The History Company, publishers
Number of Pages: 816

USA > California > History of California, Volume VI > Part 56

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490

CALIFORNIA IN COUNTIES.

Sierra to a separate county in 1852. The seat at Downieville was founded in February 1850, and well sustained by extensive mining resources. Its originators were W. H. Parks, Mayor Wm Downie, after whom it was named, and who, after discovering gold at Yuba forks, and opening a rich region, met with reverses that changed only in British Columbia and Idaho. Ballou's Adven., MS., 22; Miners' Mag., i. 8; Kane, in Miscel. Stat., MS., 9. The place grew rapidly, claiming a tributary population in April 1850 of 5,000, which is doubtful, and polling 1,132 votes in 1851, and possessing a journal in 1852. Barstow's Stat, MS., 2, 7; Sac. Transcript, Aug. 30, 1850. On Feb. 21, 1852, it was nearly levelled by fire, loss fully $500,000. Alta Cal., Feb. 24, Dec. 29, 1852; Placer Times, Feb. 29, 1852; S. F. Herald, id. The follow- ing winter brought destitution from interrupted traffic. Hayes' Cal. Notes, iii. 64. Another severe fire occurred in Jan. 1858; yet it recovered rapidly, and was incorporated in 1863. Cal. Statutes, 1863, 70-8; Plumas Co. Hist., 456- 65, 483; Yuba Co. Hist., 41; S. F. Bulletin, May 26, 1860; Nov. 3, 1879. The census of 1852 gave it a population of 810, which has increased considerably. Howland Flat, in the north, retained some of its old prosperity, but the adja- cent St Louis, laid out in 1852, declined a few years later, as did Forest City, in the south, while Sierra City, which lingered in early years, acquired per- mauency after 1857. St Louis began in 1850 as Sears' Diggings; its vote was 398 in 1856; burned in Sept. 1854, and July 1857, latter loss $200,000. For- est City prospered between 1852-6 as Brownville, Elizaville, and finally in 1853-4 as Forest City. S. F. Bulletin, Jan. 3, 1860.

With its large expanse of rich valley land, Butte county attracted settlers as early as 1844-5, and was largely parcelled out in grants, whose doubtful titles for a time clouded progress. The rise of Marysville gave the incentive in 1850 for founding here, as the higher prospective head of navigation or points of distribution, a number of towns, of which several remained on paper, and a few others rose only to be hamlets. Among the latter were Yatestown and Fredonia, facing each other ou Feather River; Veazie below, and Troy aud Butte City, the latter surviving on the Sacramento. The most prom- ising among them was Hamilton, which gained the county seat from Bidwell Bar in Sept. 1850, and did fairly well for three years, partly on the strength of gold discoveries made since 1848. Half a dozen houses, and some shanties, says Cal. Courier, of Oct. 16, 1850; S. F. Picayune, Dec. 11, 1850. Its decline is described in S. José Pioneer, Nov. 21, 1877, the place being finally reduced to a solitary house. Bidwell Bar, which was also mined in 1848, flourished in a richer field until 1855. It claimed a tributary population of 2,000 in 1853. The population in 1850 while county seat was 600. It was almost totally burned in 1854. Alta Cal., Aug. 3-16, 1854; Butte Record, Oct. 24, 1874; Delano's Life, 255. It recovered in part, on the strength of being the county seat since 1853. Presently became apparent the superior advantage of the adjacent Oroville, which assumed rank as the leading mining town and head of navigation. With a vote of 1,000 in 1856, and a tributary population of 4,000, it wrested from its rival the county seat, and assumed the rank of an incorporated town. Two years later, a disastrous fire followed in the wake of diminishing gold resources; but with the extension hither of the railroad,

491

PLUMAS.

by way of Marysville, the decline was checked. Mined in 1849, Oroville was known in 1850 as Ophir, rising to prominence in 1852, and in 1855, to avoid confusion with the Ophir of Placer co., the name was changed to Oroville. Brock, in Armstrong's Exper., MS., 16; Pac. Monthly, xi. 833-4. The fire of July 1858 swept away the business blocks, loss nearly $400,000. This pro- moted disincorporation in 1859. Cal. Statutes, 1857, 77, 291, etc. Yet pro- gressive enterprises, in bridges, water-works, etc., continued, and the railroad, which reached here in 1864, was aided by the town with $200,000 in bonds. Details in Butte Co. Hist., 232-45; Id., Illust., 17. Notices in Sac. Union, Sept. 26, Nov. 15, 25, 1855; Jan. 4, May 8, June 9, Sept. 27, Oct. 1, 23, Nov. 11, 22, 1856; S. F. Bulletin, Apr. 30, Oct. 27, 1856; Alta Cal., Sept. 24, 1856. Westward lay Thompson Flat, which had 500 inhabitants in 1854, but be- gan to decline in 1846. The still nearer Long Bar was before 1852 the lead- ing settlement for a time. Oroville Record, Oct. 21, 1871, etc .; Id., Mercury, Aug. 6, 1880.

Meanwhile Bidwell took advantage of the turning flood to found a town in 1860 upon the rancho obtained by him previous to the gold discovery, based on growing agricultural interests. The place was called Chico, after the creek on which it was located. E. A. Farwell had selected this site in 1843 for a rancho, which was occupied a year later, while W. Dickey took up the north side of the creek Chico. Bidwell obtained Farwell's grant and built a house in 1849. After this it became a mail, stage, and voting station, and farms sprang up around it. In 1864 it had a population of 500, and began during the following decade to manœuvre for the county seat, or for the seat of a special county to be called Alturas. This failed; but the construction of the Oregon and Cal. R. R., which reached here in 1870, and long made it practically the terminus, gave so great activity that the town was in 1872 incorporated as a city. Cal. Statutes, 1871-2, 11,248. Two flourishing suburbs arose; gas was introduced; and several mills and factories started. Butte Co. Hist., 222-32; Id., Illust., 15-16; Chico Enterprise, Oct. 17, 1873; Dec. 31, 1875, etc .; Id., Record, July 15, 1876, etc. Agriculture and stage and railroad traf- fic gave rise to several villages and stations, such as Gridley, Dayton, Nelson, and Nord. Then there was Biggs, which became the third town iu the county. Among mining camps, Cherokee, to the north of Oroville, became the centre of hydraulic operations, Magalia held sway beyond Bangor in the south, and Forbestown in the east. As Mountain View, or Dogtown, Mag- nolia was in 1855 one of the leading points in Butte; in 1880 it had only 200 inhabitants. Story of its name in Northern Enterprise, Feb. 7, 1873. Forbes- town was settled in Sept. 1850 by B. F. Forbes, and became in 1853 second only to Bidwell, claiming 1,000 tributary population; 300 in 1880. Account in S. José Pioneer, Jan. 12, 1878. Inskip was a lively place in 1859, with 5 hotels. Enterprise revived with quartz mining. Coal and other resources tended to advance the county, which found good markets in the mining re- gions of Idaho and Nevada. While her own mines were still extensive the main reliance was agriculture. In 1852 more than 2,000 acres were in culti- vation, yielding some 36,000 bushels of grain, and the live-stock exceeded 9,000 head. Over $380,000 were invested in other branches than mining, such as 14 saw-mills. Cal. Census, 1852, 13-14. By 1855 the live-stock had

492

CALIFORNIA IN COUNTIES

nearly trebled, and so the acreage in grain, while vines and fruits were fast increasing. The census of 1880 assigns it a population of 18,720, with 999 farms valued at $8,610,000; produce, $2,881,000; live-stock, $828,000; total assessment, $10,743,000. In live-stock it outranked all the counties north of Sac.

The headwaters of Feather River, embraced by Plumas county, owed their occupation chiefly to the Gold Lake excitement of 1850, which found an unexpected realization at the rich river bars. Among the prominent camps were Onion Valley, La Porte-on Rabbit Creek, by which name it was first known-Jamison City, and Quincy, the last so named after the Illinois home of H. J. Bradley, the earliest and leading hotel proprietor here, who also secured the county seat for it in 1854, although it had as yet only a few houses. This dignity, together with a superior site, enabled it to wrest one advantage after another from the adjoining Elizabethtown. It obtained a journal in 1855. A severe fire of Feb. 28, 1861, retarded its progress, but only for a time; it had already secured the preëminence which remained with it. Elizabethtown, or Betsyburg, sprang up in 1852, but began in 1855 to de- cline under the overshadowing influence of Quincy. Northward were Taylor- ville and Greenville, the latter fostered by promising quartz interests. But while rich on the surface, the extent of the gold deposits proved insufficient to maintain more than a limited number of settlements, and these only of minor rank. This applies also to agricultural interests, which were restricted to a series of small mountain valleys, while saw-mills figured as the only other conspicuous industry. After a season of whip-sawing, the first mill was built at Rich Bar in 1851. A grist-mill was erected in American Valley in 1854, and another in Indian Valley in 1856, thrashing-machines and saw-mills being by this time in both. P. Lassen is credited with the first vegetables, in 1851, and grain was first sown in 1852, by Boynton, whose Stat., MS., 2-5, contains much valuable information on early days. Copper and coal promised to add to unfolding wealth. For reviews of progress and resources, see surveyors' and assessors' reports in Cal. Jour. Sen., as 1859; Plumas National, Jan. 9, 1868; Aug. 3, 1872, etc ; Plumas Gt Register. A. P. Chapman and Turner brothers figure among the first actual settlers of Sierra and American valleys, and J. B. Gongh of American Valley. A population which in 1860 stood at 4,363 had by 1880 increased only to 6,180, with assessed property valued at $2,100,000, of which $973,000 represented the value of 236 farms, with $424,000 in produce.

The limit of settlement prior to the gold discovery lay within Shasta county, which for a time embraced the region north of Butte and Plumas, and P. B. Reading ranked as the farthest frontierman. Upon his rancho was located, in 1850, the county seat; but the rapid influx of miners, after the prospecting parties of 1849, called for the formation of several counties, as Tehama, Siskiyou, and in due time Lassen and Modoc, with new seats. That of the curtailed Shasta was conferred upon the more central town of the same name, which in the midst of the richest mining field of this region, supple- mented by a wide farming range, maintained the lead from 1851, overshadow-

493

SHASTA AND LASSEN.

ing Reading's rancho, which, close to the south border, lapsed into a mere ham- let. Reading himself started in 1849 The Spring's or Reading's Upper Spring, which soon after was renamed Shasta. In March 1851 it had three hotels, 3 smithies, etc. Sac. Transcript, March 14, 1851. It was severely ravaged by fires in Dec. 1852 and June 1853, the latter involving a loss of nearly $250,000. Alta Cal., Dec. 15, 1852; June 17-18, 1833; S. F. Herald, id. In 1854 it had 1,500 inhab. Capron's Cal., 98-9; Sutter's Rem., MS., 72, 132; Lane's Narr., MS., 101-8; Reading Indep., Apr. 17, 24, 1879, etc .; Shasta Courier, March 17, Oct. 20, 1877, etc. The census of 1880 gives it a popul. of 448. The camps Briggsville and Horsetown were eclipsed by the rise of the later agricultural town of Cottonwood. Even the name of Reading was confonnded by the adjacent Fort Redding, the bulwark against Indians, subsequently reproduced in the railroad station of Redding. An act in Cal. Statutes, 1873-4, 32, changed Redding to Reading, yet the maps retain the former name. Northward lie only petty villages, way-stations for transmountain traffic, farming centres and mining camps, Dogtown on the main Sacramento being one of the most northerly camps in Shasta. Millville received its name from the first grist- mill in this county, of 1854-5. Population doubled from 4,170 in 1870, to 9,490 in 1880, although with an assessed property of barely $2,000,000. The county is too mountainous to compete with the agricultural districts of the main Sac., although it excels in timber resources, so that its 544 farms of 1880 embraced 79,000 improved acres, valued at $1,343,000, with $423,000 in produce and $386,000 in stock. Cal. Jour. Sen., 1856, Apr. 14, 22-3, 61, etc .; Cal. Statutes, 1852, 307; Or. Sketches, MS .; Alta Cal., Oct. 12, 25, Nov. 8, 1852; Ang. 28, 1854; March 9, Aug. 5, 13, Dec. 7, 1856; Aug. 13, 1857; March 3, 10, Sept. 13, 1859, etc .; Sac. Union, May 22, July 17, Ang. 1, 28, Sept. 24, Oct. 5, 22-3, 1855; Apr. 9, 22, May 6, Sept. 12, Dec. 10, 1856; Overland, xiii. 342- 50; Shasta Courier, March 17, 1877; Dec. 7, 1878, etc .; Reading Indep., Apr. 17, 24, 1879; Shasta Co. Circular, 1-34.

Eastward Shasta extends beyond the curving Sierra range into the alkali and sage-brush plains of Lassen. This forbidding feature, together with hos- tile Indians, operated against settlement in this county, and the early immi- grants who skirted the western end saw no inducements even in Shasta. Besides the trappers, Fremont, Greenwood, and other explorers may have skirted Lassen county. Lassen passed through it in opening the Pit River route of 1848. Prospectors penetrated this region in 1851, and assisted in opening the Honey Lake ronte, and diverting immigrants to the upper Sacra- mento. The first recorded land claim was taken in 1853 by Isaac Roop, of Nevada gubernatorial fame, who in 1854 built a cabin where Susanville rose later, bringing supplies for emigrants and miners. Lassen, Meyerwitz, and Lynch were among the early settlers. Hist. Plumas, Lassen, 340-4. Miners drifted across from the south, and undertook in 1856 to proclaim here a new territory, Nataqna, 'woman,' extending between long. 117º-20° and lat. 383º-42°, on the ground that Honey Lake lay east by the Sierra, and conse- quently beyond the Cal. border, Roop and Lassen were chosen recorder and surveyor, the only officials. Alta Cal., May 20, 1856. This embraced Carson, which, however, as the most populous section, assumed the lead for forming Nevada Territory, the Honey Lake settlers yielding in 1857, and objecting to

4'94

CALIFORNIA IN COUNTIES.

the efforts of Plumas to claim the region. The act creating Nevada Territory in 1861 embraced Honey Lake, and Susanville became the seat of Lake county, renamed Roop in 1862, after the provisional governor and subsequently rep- resentative. By thus attaching themselves to Carson, and becoming included in Roop county of Nevada Territory, they roused the Plumas officials to assert their claim to the control, and long disputes followed, attended by bloodshed in 1863. The result was a survey which proved the district to per- tain to Cal., and in order to prevent further dissention it was created a special county in the following year. Cal. Statutes, 1864, act Apr. 1; Id., 1865-6, 453; 1871-2, 886; Hitlell's Codes, ii. 1768, for boundary changes; U. S. Statutes, Cong. 43, Sess. 2, 497; Alta Cal., Feb. 8-May 1863, etc .; Hist. Plu- mas, 360 et seq. Susanville sustained itself as the seat and leading town, as it had been for Roop county. It was called Rooptown for a while in 1857. Population of its township in 1880, the largest 943; with a journal from 1865. This was in the richest part of Honey Lake district, which formed the only extensive agricultural tract. Though small, the county contained a large number of farms, largely devoted to stock-raising, with several villages, as Jamesville and Milford, dating from 1856-7, and Long Valley. While placer mining never assumed any proportion, quartz mining was promising, although later restricted to Hayden Hill, in the north-west, for which Bieber, near Pit River, was the supply station. The population grew from 1,327 in 1870 to 3,340 in 1880, with property assessed at $1,230,000, of which $1, 132,- 000 represented 338 farms, with $435,000 in produce, and $512,000 in stock. Lassen Co. Register, 1880, etc .; Alta Cal., June 7, 1856; Apr. 30, 1857; Sac. Union, Aug. 25, 1857; July 27, Oct. 16, 1872; S. F. Bulletin, Apr. 1885; Cal. Spirit Times, Dec. 25, 1877; S. F. Times, May 16, June 12, 1868; Gold Hill News, Sept. 23, 1880.

The northern regions of Shasta county were entered by miners in 1850 by way of Trinity and Klamath rivers, and rich diggings were found, notably in Scott's Valley, named after J. W. Scott, who located himself on Scott Bar in July or Aug. 1850. Gov. Lane of Oregon was probably the first regular pros- pector near Yreka, while Rufus Johnson's party, which penetrated from Trinity to Yreka Creek in Aug. 1850, following in his tracks, had been pros- pecting the eastern districts during July.

So large an immigration set in that winter, from the south as well as from Oregon, that the section was in March 1852 formed into a separate county by the name of Siskiyou. The seat was assigned to Yreka, whose exceedingly remunerative flat deposits, opened in March 1851, within a few weeks trans- formed the first tents into an important town, first known as Thompson Dry Diggings, then with a slight change in location, as Shasta Butte, and this clashing with the lower Shasta, Yreka was adopted, together with the county seat, the name being a corruption of Wyeka, whiteness, the Indian term for the adjacent snow-crowned Shasta. Hearn's Sketches, MS., 5; Yreka Union, June 5, 1869; Hayes' Cal. Notes, iii. 69; Beadle's Wilds, 396. Rowe and Burgess brought the first goods. Lockhart was prominent in informally lay- ing out the town in Aug. 1851. Some ascribe the first house to Boles and Dane. A series of fires began in June 1852, and culminated in July 4, 1871,

495

SISKIYOU, KLAMATH, AND MODOC.

when one third of the town was burned, loss $250,000. Alta Cal., June 22, 1852; Jan. 14, 22, 1853; May 15, June 1, 1854 (loss $150,000); Aug. 10, Nov. 9, 1858; Oct. 26, 1859; Oct. 24, 1863. Other details are here given, such as the introduction of gas in Dec. 1859. The place has had a newspaper since 1853. The town was incorporated in 1854, but not legally, and was rectified by act of 1857. Cal. Statutes, 1857, 229. It declined after 1857, with the mines, but still held the leading place in the county. Anthony's Rem. Sisk., MS., 2-6, 11, 25; Yreka Journal, Feb. 17, 1870; Siskiyou Co. Affairs, MS., 3-5; Yreka Union, June 5, 1869; Bristow's Rencounters, MS., 9-11; Sac. Union, Aug. 11, 1855; Feb. 26, Apr. 28, May 30, June 3, Dec. 23, 1856; Feb. 2, 1859, etc .; S. F. Bulletin, Nov. 17, Dec. 22, 1858; Bancroft's Journey, MS., 34. Popul. in 1880, 1,059.

The fertility of Shasta Valley has compensated for the decline of diggings. In the adjoining Scott Valley, Fort Jones acquired the supremacy. This place was founded in 1851 as Wheelock's trading station, and later called Scottsburg, also Ottitiewa, and in 1860 adopting the name of the military post established here in 1852. It was incorporated in 1872. In the upper part of the county is Etna, with 360 inhabitants in 1880. It rose round the flour and saw mills erected in 1853-4, and absorbed Rough and Ready. Most of the early min- ing camps have died or faded away, including the once prominent Deadwood and Riderville. Bestville, in the west, was according to Anthony, Rem., MS., 3-4, the earliest town. Mugginsville, of 1852, had quartz and other mills with farming and 'stock ranges, the latter rising here into prominence. The census of ISSO credits the county with 341 farms, valued at nearly $2,000,000, with $548,000 worth of produce and $617,000 of stock, the total assessed prop- erty standing at $2,651,000, among a population of 8,610, as compared with 6,848 in 1870, and 7,629 in 1860. Hay was cut in 1851, and farming was undertaken by several in 1852, by Boles at Yreka, and by Heartsrand and White in Scott Valley. Details in Hist. Siskiyou Co., 192-209. Several saw- mills were built in 1852, and flour-mills followed in 1853 at Etna and in Quartz Valley

The year 1874 was marked by the annexation of a part of Klamath county to Siskiyou, and the segregation of the valuable eastern half to form Modoc county. The question was agitated after the Lassen-Nevada war of 1863, and in 1872 a concession was made by opening court at Lake City. Lassen county objected to lose any part of its meagre population, and the Siskiyou people feared the predominance of the latter, if added. As a compromise, Modoc county was created in Feb. 1874, purely out of Siskiyou, and the Pit River people were considered by placing the seat at Alturas. Of the assess- ment of $3,698,000 iu 1873, $1,105,000 was assigned to Modoc, which issued bonds for $14,000 toward debt and delinquent list. Concerning formation and resources of both counties, see Cal. Statutes, 1852, 307, 1873-4, passim; Hittell's Codes, ii. 1782, 1830; Cal. Jour. Ass., 1873-4, 439-40, 467; S. F. Herald, July 11, 1853; Yreka Union, June 5, 1869, etc .; Scott Valley News, Sept. IS, Nov. 25, 1879, etc .; Sac. Union, Dec. 21, 29, 1857; Nov. 17, 1858; Jan. 27, Feb. 12, Sept. 2, Nov. 19, 29, Dec. 5, 13, 24, 1856; Apr. 26, 1873; Aug. 1, Dec. 29, 1874, etc .; Alta Cal., Aug. 6, 1857; Oct. 20, 1858; July 9, 1859;

496

CALIFORNIA IN COUNTIES.

S. F. Bulletin, Oct. 13, 1858; June 3, 1859; Aug. 29, 1881; Colusa Sun, Feb. 26, 1876. The county had in 1880 a population of 4,400, with 472 farms, valued at $1,242,000, which also represents nearly the entire assessment. The pro- duce was estimated at $398,000, and the live-stock at $568,000. This was mainly a stock-raising region, with a certain proportion of farming which found a market in the mining districts eastward. Alturas, originally Dorris' Bridge, dominated as county seat the villages on Pit River. Applegate held a diminutive sceptre in the north-west, and Fort Bidwell rose at the head of the productive Surprise Valley, commemorative of the harassing raids and warfare which so long retarded progress throughout the north. The Modoc war of 1873 was the last serious outbreak, and the rapid improvement follow- ing upon its conclusion was especially marked in these two counties. For full account of the Modoc war, see Hist. Oregon, and Inter Pocula, this series. Pit River was so named from the trapping pits of the Indians.

The southern part of Shasta was in 1856 segregated for the formation of Tehama county. Although occupied by several settlers before 1848, the district received for some time little addition to its occupants, owing to the strange lack of gold, although bordered on three sides by productive mining districts. It became evident, however, that traffic must pass this way for the mines east and northward, and in 1849 three towns were founded, two on Deer Creek, which survived only on paper, Danville and Benton. Cal. Courier, Oct. 16, 1850, Alta Cal., Dec. 15, 1849, and founded by Sill and Las- sen respectively. At Lassen's an election was held in 1850 of alcaldes for the northern district. Alta Cal., Dec. 15, 1849; Salinas Index, Dec. 3, 1872. Thus Tehama received a decided impulse as the proclaimed head of naviga- tion. It became a lively stage town, and a fine farming district sustained it until the railroad came. Its prosperity was for a time checked by the ascent of a steamboat to Red Bluff, which began to rise in 1850. The Jack Hays steamboat came in May 1850 within 6 miles of Red Bluff, Placer Times, May 22, 1850, where Trinidad City was consequently laid out, though failing to rise. Red Bluff was first laid out by S. Woods and named Leodocia, it is said. The first settler was W. Myers, in Sept. 1850. Hist. Tehama, 18-19, says J. Myers erected a hotel here later in 1849, but this conflicts with the legal testimony, as recorded in the Red Bluff Observer, Jan. 13, 1866, etc .; Id., People's Cause, Nov. 23, 1878. W. Ide, who owned a ferry some distance above, Myers, Reed, and Red Bluff Land Corp., all made surveys in 1852-3. There were then two taverns and two smithies, and in June 1853 about 100 inhabitants; yet the main site was shifted somewhat. In 1854 it claimed about 1,000 inhabitants, and in 1857 a journal. Improvement was steadily promoted by unfolding agricultural and lumber interests, by the Sierra Flume Co., and by the railroad which reached here in 1872. Incorporation act in Cal. Statutes, 1875-6, 637. The census of 1880 accords a population of 2,103. Sac. Umon, July 12, 1855; May 6, Sept. 1, 1856; S. F. Bulletin, May 6, 1856, etc. It had few rival towns within the county to compete in trade. There were villages like Grove City, Arcade, Paskenta, and Gleason, and rail- road stations like Sesma, detracting rather from Tehama in the south. The name is derived from a striking natural feature. Bancroft's Journey, MS., 18.

497

TEHAMA AND COLUSA

With a large farming country around, with wool and lumber interests, and as a railroad station and county seat, Red Bluff became the leading town in the northern part of the valley. Agriculture did not properly start up till 1852, but it advanced with rapid strides in later years, and became the great industry of the county, with notable branches in viniculture and stock-raising. Sheep were largely raised. Gerke's vineyard was one of the largest in Cal. Among early farmers, in 1852, were Nat. Merrill and A. Eastman on the Moon rancho, Wilson and Kendrick on Thomes' Creek, A. Winemiller on Elder Creek. Several flour-mills rose in 1854, on Mill and Antelope creeks, and at Red Bluff. Payne's saw-mill on Mill Creek claimed to be the earliest here. The population of 3,587 in 1870 increased by 1880 to 9,300, with property assessed at $4,200,000. Cal. Statutes, 1856, p. 257; 1857, p. 410; 1863, p. 492; Hist. Tehama Co., passim; Tustin's Stat., MS., 3; S. F. Bulletin, May 20, 1872; Sac. Union, Sept. 1, Nov. 24, 1856; Jan. 9, 1857; March 20, Dec. 14, 1858; Alta Cal., Nov. 17, 1857; Oct. 29, 1858; S. F. Call, Nov. 30, 1870; Red Bluff People's Cause, Sept. 28, 1878, etc

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History of California, Volume VI, Part 56

Author: Bancroft, Hubert Howe Publication date: 1885-1890 Publisher: San Francisco, Calif. : The History Company, publishers Number of Pages: 816

Author: Bancroft, Hubert Howe
Publication date: 1885-1890
Publisher: San Francisco, Calif. : The History Company, publishers
Number of Pages: 816