USA > California > History of California, Volume VI > Part 58
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505
DEL NORTE.
fine prospects for a town at this the only roadstead above Trinidad; and a company headed by R. Humphreys and J. F. Wendell took up land here in 1852, and in Feb. 1853 laid out a town. A mill was erected. S. F. Herald, Apr. 27, June 16, 1853. The title was not confirmed, but the council subse- quently bought it from the U. S. So rapid was the growth that in 1854 it claimed over 200 houses and 800 inhabitants, with a journal, and was incor- porated. Cal. Statutes,. 1854, 33, 68; Cal. Jour. Ass., 1854, 658-9; Id., Sen. 1855, 877. View in Pict. Union, Jan. 1855; Del Norte Record, June-Nov. 1880; Crescent City Courier, Sept. 4, 1878; Van Dyke's Stat., MS., 23; Alta Cal., Apr. 10, 1854; Sept. 1, 1855; Jan. 19, June 29, Oct. 17, 1856; Aug. 20, 1857; Feb. 2, Aug. 20, 1858; Nov. 19, 1859; May 27, 1864; Apr. 1, 1865; with references to lighthouse and harbor improvements; also Sac. Union and S. F. Bulletin; U. S. Gov. Doc., Cong. 41, Sess. 2, H. Misc. Doc. 62. The county seat, won from Trinidad, being lost by 1856, it agitated for a separa- tion from Klamath, and succeeded in obtaining the formation of Del Norte county, with itself as seat. Although this promising period was followed by decline, yet its possession of the only pretence of a harbor in this region, to- gether with a few minor industries, manage to maintain it as the leading sea town north of Eureka, notwithstanding the meagre mining and agricultural resources of the county, the latter consisting chiefly of live-stock. The pop- ulation of the county increased from 1,993 in 1860, and 2,022 in 1870, to 2,584 in 1880, with property assessed at $696,000; the value of 77 farms be- ing $399,000, yielding $133,530, while the live-stock was worth $743,960. Cal. Statutes, 1857, 35-8, 162; 1858, 378; Crescent Courier, June 11 et seq., 1879; Del Norte Record, July-Oct. 1880, etc .; Pac. Rural Press, Sept. 18, 1875, etc .; S. F. Bulletin, Dec. 1, 1870; June 6, 1879; S. F. Call, May 4, 1879; Jan. 6, 1884; S. F. Chron., Oct. 10, 1875; Feb. 28, 1881. Crops were raised in Smith Valley in 1854, and a flour-mill rose at Crescent City in 1856, a saw-mill being there in 1853, since which time 4 more have risen. A salmon cannery was added. The first important point in the county was Happy Camp, of July 1851, which flourished in a small way in 1887, being superior to the other mining camps. On Smith River rose Altaville and other villages, which partly supply the Oregon mining field.
A still poorer section was Klamath county, which by the segregation of Del Norte, and the gradual decline of the Klamath and Salmon River mines, declined to so small and barren a field that the diminishing population, of less than 1,700 in 1870, began to complain against the burden of a separate admin- istration and a swelling debt. In 1874, accordingly, it was disorganized and apportioned between Siskiyou and Humboldt, both Orleans Bar, the county seat since 1856, and Trinidad falling to the latter, with $273,500 of the $601,- 500 assessed property, and $10,890 of the $23,950 debt. The population in 1860 was 1,800. Siskiyou's objections were with difficulty overruled, repub- licans suspecting a democratic intrigue to obtain a majority. Cal. Statutes, 1851, p. 1827; 1855, p. 200; 1856, pp. 32-3; 1871-2, p. 1010; 1873-4, pp. 369, 802, 755-8; Van Dyke's Stat., MS., 5; Alta Cal., June 9, 1864. Klamath River has here little farming land, and the Hoopa Indian reservation absorbs the largest tract thereof in the county. Trinidad depends greatly on its saw- mills. Trinity, with a population threefold larger, long depended on mining,
A
506
CALIFORNIA IN COUNTIES.
for its resources were limited, even for live-stock, with a poor outlet for tim- ber. Lathrop's water-power saw-mill of 1853 heads the list; by 1858 about 17 other small mills had been added, besides three flour-mills. A tannery existed in 1856. Agriculture had been begun in 1850 by B. Steiner, near the town bearing his name By 1880 there were 142 farms valued at $285,000, the produce and live-stock being estimated at about $115,000 each, while the assessed property of the county stood at $868,000, among a population of 5,000, grown from 3,213 in 1870; in 1860 it was 5,125. Among the numer- ous early camps Ridgeville, Minersville, Lewiston, Cañon City, Long and Big bars continued to figure, partly owing to the gradually unfolding quartz interests, while Weaverville retained the prominence as county seat and centre of trade which a rich gold-field procured for it in 1850. Both Reading and a Frenchman named Gross are said to have mined there in 1849, followed by Weaver, whose name was applied to the creek and consequently to the town. By 1851 it had acquired sufficient prominence to rival the Humboldt Bay towns for the county seat, and obtain it after some trouble in 1852. Herein lay one cause for the segregation of the dissatisfied Humboldt county, leaving Weaverville the seat in 1853 of a much reduced section. It met with several disasters from fire in 1853-5. Alta Cal., March 13, 1853; Dec. 12, 1854; Oct. 1, 12, 1855; Jan. 17, 1856; Oct. 22, 1859; Oct. 17, 1860; S. F. Herald, March 13, 1853; Sac. Union, Dec. 12, 1854; March 1, 28, May 10, 30, Sept. 10-14, Oct. 11, Dec. 18-19, 27, 1855; Jan. 24, Apr. 8, Aug. 29, Dec. 10, 1856; Sept. 23, 1858; Aug. 17, 1859. Yet it incorporated in 1855, and continued to prosper, with. a newspaper from 1854. For a time it was rivalled by Ridgeville, which in 1856 claimed 700 inhabitants, but in 1858 only one fifth of that number. Canon City also declined from 400 in 1855. Yreka Union, Feb. 1, 1879; Weaverville Jour., Feb. 25, July 15, 1871, etc .; Cal. Statutes, 1871-2, 766; Cox's Annals of Trinity, 206 pp., the last a rambling yet useful book.
The current of settlement which penetrated the northern districts of Cali- fornia, reënforced by sea-route additions, was soon met by another, radiating from Sonoma. While slow to appreciate the commercial advantages of San Francisco Bay, the gradual expansion of ranchos directed attention to the valleys along its north line, and in 1834 M. G. Vallejo established a mili- tary outpost near the decaying mission of Solauo. In this he was prompted by political aspirations, and other personal interests, as well as by the advis- ability of checking the encroachments of the Russians, who for three decades prior to 1841 held the region round Bodega Bay, the first occupants north of S. F. Under his protective wing a number of followers began to occupy the fertile tracts adjacent, until the sway of their chieftain in 1848 extended to the shores of Clear Lake on one side, and on the other to the ocean, at Wal- halla River, the word Walhalla being a corruption of Gualula.
After the first flush of gold excitement, the advantages of Sonoma county were quickly observed in its varied resources and proximity to the metrop- olis at the Gate. Farming, which had been started by the Muscovites decades before, and taken up at the mission on a large scale, was now resumed by different settlers, with profits greatly eclipsing those of the gold-diggers.
507
SONOMA.
Vegetables were in time supplemented by grain and cattle, and later vinicul- ture blossomed into a leading industry. Fruit-trees and vines were planted by the Russians and early valley settlers; three grist-mills rose before 1849; while the luxuriant redwood forests, which had already given rise to two mills, yielded themselves to a fast-developing lumber business. Dawson had opened a saw-pit in the thirties, in imitation of the Russians, upon whose do- main Capt. Smith erected the first steam mill in 1843. A similar mill replaced, in 1849, the water-power mill at Freestone, owned by McIntosh. Californian, March 8, 1848, describes the saw and flour mills at Bodega. In later years, quicksilver mining employed a large force. These different industries fostered a trade facilitated by several streams and inlets, and by two railroads, one of them begun before 1870, and towns sprang up in profusion round mills and stations and in the different valleys. But the centre of population shifted west and northward, and Sonoma, which in 1848 figured as a town, and con- sequently became the county seat in 1850, declined, and the political sceptre was in 1854 transferred to the central Santa Rosa, then only a year old, but rapidly lifted by the unfolding agriculture and the traffic with Russian River to the leading town in the county. Cal. Star and Californian, of Jan .- Feb. 1848, refer to the flourishing condition of Sonoma. Larkin's Doc., vii. 200; Cal. Pioneers, 7. In 1848-9 it became an entrepôt for the diggings. Incor- porated in 1850, proposed disincorporation in 1852, effected in the following decade. Cal. Statutes, 1850, 150; 1867-8, 576; Cal. Jour. Sen., 1852, 781, etc .; Alta Cal., May 23, 1851; June 17, 1852; Sac. Union, Dec. 31, 1856, etc .; Montgomery's Remin., MS., 5. It sported a journal in 1850. Sonoma Democ., Nov. 23, 1878. The Carrillos, who owned the Santa Rosa country, erected the first house in the vicinity in 1838-9. In 1851 Mallagh and McDonald opened a store, followed by A. Meacham, and by Hakman, Hoen, and Hart- man. The town of Franklin having been laid out in 1853, under the agita- tion for a new county seat, the latter traders, in conjunction with Julio Carrillo, followed the example that same year by laying out Santa Rosa-so named after the creek and rancho-a mile from the site mentioned, where Carrillo had in 1852 built a residence, and N. and J. Richardson a store in 1853. The third building was a hall, and this feature assisted greatly the judicious manœuvres which in Sept. 1854 wrested the seat from Sonoma. The town now grew rapidly for a time, was incorporated in 1867, and with the arrival of the railroad, early in the seventies, bounded forward at a greater pace than ever, securing gas and street-cars by 1877, and several mills and factories, and in 1880 a population of 3,616. Son. Democ., Oct. 25, 1872; May 16, 1874; June 10, July 8, 1876; S. F. Bulletin, Jan. 23, Feb. 23, 1880; Alta Cal., Sept. 27, 1856, etc .; Hist. Son. (1877), 20-2; Id. (1880), 386-441; Cal. Jour. Ass., 1854, 686, etc .; Cal. Statutes, 1871-2, 62.
Next stands Petaluma, which still claims preeminence in trade, as the head of navigation in the valley. It was started in 1850 as a hunting and shipping point by J. Lockwood, Linns & Wiatt, Baylis & Flogdell, McReynolds & Hudspeth. Soon after Keller took up a claim, and in Jan. 1852 laid out a town which was called after the Indian name of the creek. W. D. Kent opened the first store and P. O. The rapid advance was marked by a journal in 1855. Cal. Statutes, 1858, 148; 1859, 210, 396; 1867-8, 383, 783; 1875-6, 288,
508
CALIFORNIA IN COUNTIES.
975. Incorporation occurred in 1858, when the population was claimed to exceed 1,300; gas was there in 1863, and numerous manufacturing industries in 1880 assisted in sustaining 3,326 inhabitants. Pet. Argus, Feb. 9, Nov. 16, 1877; Montgomery's Remin., MS., 4; Sac. Union, May 29, 1856; and preceding general references. The name is claimed by some to be a corruption of pata loma, durk hill, from early hunting incidents; but most assign it to an Indian source.
In the northern part, on Russian River, Healdsburg held sway as the fore- most incorporated city. It was founded in 1852 by H. G. Heald, on Fitch's grant, as Heald's store. Its growing importance caused it to be laid out in 1857 as a town, henceforth known as Healdsburg. It grew rapidly, supported a newspaper in 1850, incorporation in 1867-amended in Cal. Statutes, 1873-4, 665-and in 1874 flourished as a city. Population in 1880, 1,133. Healdsburg Enterprise, Nov. 22, 1877; Russ. R. Flag, June 13, 1878. Healdsburg was fol- lowed by Cloverdale, long the terminus of the railroad. The place was located in 1856 by Markle & Miller. Population 430 in 1880. Incorporation act in Cal. Statutes, 1871-2, 95, 164, 550. The railroad also fostered such towns as Fulton and Windsor, while Guerneville long led the numerous milling camps, including Forrestville, Freestone, and Duncan's Mill and Bodega, the several shipping places on the coast, as Fort Ross, Salt Point, Fisherman's Bay. Sebastopol is on the road to Bodega, which is named after the Spanish ex- plorer who discovered it. See Hist. Son., of 1877 and 1880, for details; Son. Co. Register; Cal. Agric. Soc., Trans., 1874, 390 et seq .; Pet. Crescent, Jan. 25, March 12, 1872; S. Rosa Times, Aug. 9, 1877; Jan. 31, 1878, etc .; Pet. Courier, Apr. 5, 1877; Jan. 31, 1878, etc .; Son. Democ., Jan. 6, Feb. 17, March 3, 1877; Pet. Argus, Oct. 25, 1878; June 27, 1879; Healdsburg Enterprise, June 26, 1879; Alta Cal., May 24, 1850; Aug. 1, 1853; July 25, 1854; Feb. 16, Sept. 25, 1857; March 11, Oct. 14, 1858; Dec. 2, 1862; Nov. 7, 1863; Feb. 15, 16, July 5, Nov. 2, 1865; Apr. 25, 1868; Oct. 30, Nov. 4, 1872; May 3, 13, 1874; also S. F. Call, Bulletin, Post, Times, Sac. Union, etc .; Cal. Statutes, 1852, 236; 1855, 150; Woods' Pioneer, 214. The population of the county increased from 560 in 1850 to 2,208 in 1852, 11,867 in 1860, and 25,926 in 1880, with 2,229 farms valued at $16,950,000, produce $2,740,000, live-stock $1,578,000. In 1852 it raised over 117,000 bushels of grain, a still larger quantity of potatoes, etc., and 18,000 head of stock.
The large northern half of Sonoma, to Humboldt, was in 1850 accorded the title of Mendocino county, although subject to the former for judicial and revenue purposes, the population being then placed at 55, and in 1852 at 384, owning 3,300 head of stock, and raising barely 10,000 bushels of grain. By 1859 the population had increased sufficiently to permit a separate organiza- tiou, one eighth of the debt, or $2,532, being debited to Mendocino. The boundary was modified in 1860. Cal. Statutes, 1859, 407; 1871-2, 714, 766. The county seat was placed at Ukiah, the centre of a considerable farming district on the Russian River. Ukiah was first settled by S. Lowry in 1856, followed by A. T. Perkins and J. Burton, who traded here. When chosen county seat it had a population of 100, which by 1880 was 937. A journal appeared in 1860. The name comes from the Indian tribes once occupying
509
MENDOCINO, LAKE, AND NAPA.
the spot. Incorporation act in Cal. Statutes, 1875-6, 162. Eel River em- braces the other fertile section, which however falls largely within the Indian reservation, the source of much disturbance in this region. Numerous small streams intermediate along the coast render accessible the immense forests which form the chief industry of the country. Saw-mills and shipping points dot the coast, from Gualala northward, with the small but prosperous Men- docino City in the centre. It was here that honest Harry Meiggs started a mill in 1852. The town was laid out in 1855. Point Arenas and Little River lie below, and Fort Bragg marks the site of the reservation placed here in early years. A second mill was started in 1852 by Richardson, after which they increased rapidly. See Hist. Mendocino Co., 141. Blue Rock and Cahto form centres in Eel River valley. Little Lake, Pomo, and Calpetta, rise in the middle of the county, the last being the only rival for the county seat in 1859. Below Ukiah, Hopland is the leading village, close to which F. Feliz settled about 1844, the first occupant of the country. John Parker is said to have been the next settler, in 1850, on Wilson Creek, near Ukiah. Yet this year the census credits the county with 200 bushels of corn and some live-stock. A flour-mill was here in 1858. In 1880 there were 982 farms, valued at $1,451,000, produce and live-stock each standing for some- what over a million, and the total assessment at $5,976,000, among a popu- lation of 12,800, against 7,545 in 1870 and 3,967 in 1860. Mendoc. W. Coast Star, Dec. 25, 30, 1875, etc .; Ukiah Press, Jan. 21, 1881; Russ. R. Flag, Dec. 30, 1869; Nov. 22, 1877; Alta Cal., Aug. 6, 1858; Apr. 8, May 19, July 31, Aug. 2, 30, 1859, etc .; S. F. Bulletin, Dec. 29, 1856; Feb. 8, 1857; May 29, 1858; June 20, 1862; March 3, Apr. 13, 1865; Nov. 29, 1879; also Call, Chron., etc.
The adjoining beautiful Lake county, formed round Clear Lake between two branches of the Coast Range, had been used as a grazing country since about 1840, and received in 1847 its first permanent occupants, Stone and Kelsey, who being killed by Indians in 1849 for their cruelty, led to an avenging military expedition in 1850, under Lt Lyons. W Anderson, who in 1851 occupied and named Anderson Valley in Mendocino, is said to have located himself and wife here in 1848. Hist. Lake Co., 63; Napa Register, Feb. 21, 1874. Remoteness and fear of Indians delayed further settlement till 1853. After this the influx was rapid, and in 1861 this northern district of Napa was formed into a separate county, with the seat at Lakeport, on the land of Wm Forbes, the first business occupant being J. Parrish. Cal. Stat- utes, 1861, 1865-6, ap. 69; 1871-2, 305, 903; Hittell's Codes, ii. 1766 A news- paper was started here in 1866. Lakeport became in due time the leading town, although not until after a close struggle with Lower Lake, which ob- tained the seat between 1867-70, and for a time had high aspirations, based on adjacent mines and expected factories. First house here in 1858; first store in 1860. In the south Middletown rose as a thriving way-station, and throughout are scattered a number of medicinal springs with a yearly increas- ing attendance, which together with some quicksilver deposits assist to bring revenue to a county otherwise depending wholly upon agriculture. Both grist and saw mills are recorded in 1858. The population increased
510
CALIFORNIA IN COUNTIES.
from 2,970 in 1870 to 6,600 in 1880, possessing 512 farms valued at $1,892,000, with produce worth $518,000, and live-stock $288,000, the total assessment being $2,177,000. Cotton has been raised. Kelseyville and Upper Lake became thriving villages. Lakeport Co. Rept, 1-77; Dodson's Biog., MS, 1-8; Hist. Lake Co., passim; Harper's Mag., xlviii. 43-5; Hayes' Cal. Notes, iii. 143; Lower Lake Bulletin, Dec. 1869; Feb. 5, 1881; Lakeport Bee, June 15, 1876; Jan. 4, May 17, June 14, 1877; March 20, 1879; Sac. Union, Oct. 6, 1855; June 3, 1856; S. F. Bulletin, Dec. 26-8, 1863; Dec. 22, 1869; June 17, 1870; Call, Nov. 16, 1871; June 25, 1876; March 9, June 24, 1879; Alta, etc.
Napa, the garden valley of California, shared quickly in the immigration drawn by the venture at Sonoma, and early in 1848 it was found expedient to lay out the town of Napa, at the head of navigation. It was done by Grigsby and Coombs, at what was known as the embarcadero, or landing, for the produce of the farms and mills above, as pointed out in Cal. Star, Feb. 12, 1848, when alluding to the town survey lately made. The Califorman of March 8, 1848, was puffing it. Cal. Pioneers, 10; Napa Register, June 23, 1877; July 20, 1878. In April, W. F. Swasey and C. C. Southward prepared to open a store. Cal. Star, Apr 1, 1848 Tradition says H. Pierce erected the first building on the site, for a saloon, in May, it is added, J. P. Thompson opening the first store. After the temporary check caused by the gold fever, it gained strength and obtained a population of 300 by 1852, a journal was started in 1856, incorporation followed in 1872, Cal. Statutes, 1871-2, 1014, 1873-4, 140, with gas and street-cars, and by 1880 the population had ad- vanced to 3,730, from 1,880 in 1870. The steamboat which since 1850 supple- mented sloop traffic was greatly supplanted by the railroad. The insane asylum established here in 1872 proved a source of considerable revenue. Thus as centre of trade and the county seat, Napa became the most pop- ulous place in the valley. Next ranked St Helena, renowned for its vine- yards, founded on Bale's original grant, and named after the adjacent mountain, which was christened after a Russian woman. Still and Walters built the first house and store there about 1851. Kister and Stratton came 3 or 4 years later, according to St Helena Star, Feb. 12, 1876, after which the agriculture interests increased. In 1876 St Helena was incorporated, Cal. Statutes, 1875 -6, 444, boasting its securing a newspaper in 1874. Population in 1880, 1,340. Beyond, Calistoga figured as a health resort, and later as the terminus for the railroad, which gave importance to several other agricultural villages, as Yountsville, first called Sebastopol, but renamed after Yount, the first settler in the valley, who built a house in 1836. Monticello was located in the cen- tre of Berreyesa Valley, Wardner in Pope Valley, and Knoxville at the Red- ington quicksilver mines, which were at one time a profitable industry. Calistoga was founded, in imitation of Saratoga, by Sam Brannan, with a large expenditure. The first store rose in the town proper in 1866; in 1871 appeared a journal. Napa Register, March 24, 1877; Player-Froud's Six Mo., 60. The whole valley became more or less interested in viniculture, to which Col Haraszthy here gave the decisive impulse in 1858. In 1881 over 11,000 acres were devoted to this industry, bearing about 1,000 vines each, the yield in 1880 was 2,857,000 gallons. Hist. Napa Co., 181-227; Napa Co. Illust., 6-
511
MARIN.
15. The census of 1880 enumerates 897 farms valued at $7,515,000, with produce at $1,581,000, and live-stock at $531,000. In 1852, 250,000 bushels of grain were raised, largely barley, giving work to many mills, of which several existed prior to the gold excitement, beginning with Yount's. Ship-building dates from 1841. By 1880, the population had increased to 13,230 against 7,160 in 1870, and 2,110 in 1852, the latter including 1,330 Indians. Napa Land Reg., Indep. Calistog., Aug. 20, 1879; St Helena Star, Apr. 11, 1879; Napa Register, May 2, 1874; March 24, 1877; July 13, Nov. 23, 1878; Apr. 17, 1880, etc .; Napa Reporter, March 17, 1877; June 27, 1879; frequent reports in Alta Cal., S. F. Bulletin, Call, Sac. Union, etc.
On the other side of Sonoma, which before 1850 controlled all this region, pro- jects the peninsula of Marin, wherein, at San Rafael, missionaries formed the Spanish pioneer settlement north of the bay; while vessels and sailors resorted before the thirties to Sauzalito, the site of Read's cabin. The nature of the soil and climate, and the proximity to San Francisco, fostered vegetable gar- dening and pasturing, so that the county may be classed as a vast dairy farm, with centres at Tomales, Olema, and other points, and with two railroads to assist a fleet of small craft in taking its produce to market. Among notable settlers in 1849-50 were members of the Baltimore and Frederick Trading Co. Further names in Hist. Marin Co., 110-27, 384-8; and see my preceding vols. It counted over 8,000 head of live-stock in 1850, with a population of 323 white men, which by 1852 had increased to over 800, besides 218 Indians. There were then 4 saw-mills producing 9,000,000 feet of lumber, beginning with Read's mill of 1843, followed by Parker's at Sauzalitc, and the Baltimore Co.'s, both of 1849. The population grew to 3,330 by 1860, and to 11,320 by 1880, with 487 farms, valued at $5,694,000, yielding $1,601,000 in produce, and with $913,000 in live-stock, the total assessment standing at $8,413,000. Id .; Alta Cal., Oct. 12, 1855; Apr. 16, Nov. 10, 1867; March 3, 1872; Aug. 2, 1874; S. F. Bulletin, Oct. 23, 1858; S. F. Call, Sept. 20, 1867; Aug. 11, 1871; July 20, 1872; Chron., etc .; Marin Co. Jour., Feb. 26, 1880; Cal. Statutes, 1856, 34; 1860, 269-70; 1861, 351, on boundaries. Taylorsville became noted for its paper-mill, the first in Cal. Tomales received its first store in 1852. The state's prison at Pt Quintin presents a profitable outlet in itself, as does the harbor of Sauzalito, which like the more important county seat of San Rafael figures among the summer resorts and suburbs of the metropolis. San Rafael Tocsin, Jan. 17, 1879, gives a history of San Quintin, which is con- sidered elsewhere in this vol. See also Pioneer Sketches, iii. Sauzalito, from sauzal, willow, had in 1849 three houses. Subsequent settlers, in Lancey's Cruise, 197-9; S. F. Bulletin, Feb. 15, 1878; Cal. Dept. St. Pap., Ben., iii. 40; Gift's Cal., 17. San Rafael, as a mission establishment and point of promi- nence, was the seat of an alcalde when in 1848 a town was laid out. Notice in Cal. Star, Apr. 29, 1848; Gift's Cal., 13-27. There were then two houses besides the mission, Alcalde Murphy's and Short's. In 1850 the first store was opened, and several houses were added. The adjacent prison promoted it by increasing traffic, and its fine climate began to draw a number of residents, until the population by 1880 stood at 2,270. It obtained a journal in 1861, and gas and other improvements came in time. Incorporation act in Cal.
512
CALIFORNIA IN COUNTIES
Statutes, 1873-4, 111; S. R. Herald, Jan. 15, 1875, etc .; Hist. Marin Co., 322 et seq .; Sac. Union, March 1, 1870; Leslie's Cal., 189-90; S. F. Call, Jan. 16, 1875; May 18, 1876. Ship-building at Bolinas, water-works at Sautzalito, and fisheries add to the resources. Bolinas is a corruption of ballenas, whales.
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