USA > Pennsylvania > Allegheny County > Pittsburgh > Standard history of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania > Part 23
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75 | Part 76 | Part 77 | Part 78 | Part 79 | Part 80 | Part 81 | Part 82 | Part 83 | Part 84 | Part 85 | Part 86 | Part 87 | Part 88 | Part 89 | Part 90 | Part 91 | Part 92 | Part 93 | Part 94 | Part 95 | Part 96 | Part 97 | Part 98 | Part 99 | Part 100 | Part 101 | Part 102 | Part 103 | Part 104 | Part 105 | Part 106 | Part 107 | Part 108 | Part 109 | Part 110 | Part 111 | Part 112 | Part 113 | Part 114 | Part 115 | Part 116 | Part 117 | Part 118 | Part 119 | Part 120 | Part 121 | Part 122 | Part 123 | Part 124 | Part 125 | Part 126 | Part 127 | Part 128 | Part 129 | Part 130 | Part 131 | Part 132 | Part 133 | Part 134
(j) Gazette, April 27, 1804. (k) Cummings, 1808.
(1) Navigator, 18II.
(m) Navigator, 18II.
202
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
offices; 6 brickyards; 3 stonemasons; 2 bookstores; 4 lumber-yards; I maker of machinery for cotton and woolen manufactures (Eltonhead); I factory for clay smoking pipes (Price); I copperplate printing press (n).
The four-story stone gristmill on the banks of the Monongahela River, built and owned by Oliver & Owen Evans, of Philadelphia, was put in opera- tion in 1809. George Evans, son of Oliver, conducted the mill, he being part owner. The mill at first had two run of stones, each with a capacity of eight bushels per hour. "The construction and mechanism of this mill will do honor to human invention" (o). There were two boilers of wrought iron, each twenty- six feet long and twenty-seven inches in diameter. The running gears of the mill were of cast-iron, made at the McClurg furnace. The whole mill cost between $12,000 and $14,000 (z). John Gorman & Co. built and put into opera- tion on the river bank above Suke's Run, an extensive brewery. In the same year James Arthurs began carding and spinning wool, and was soon enjoying a large patronage. In December, 1810, Benjamin Ramage began the busi- ness of stocking weaving. "Several of the same business attempted to estab- lish themselves here within the last ten or twelve years, but seem to have with- drawn from the town for want of encouragement from the citizens" (p).
A white flint-glass house, established by George Robinson in 1809, was situ- ated on the bank of the Monongahela between Smithfield and Grant streets. "This is the third already in operation, all doing well, and there seems a want for a fourth, if we may judge of the difficulty of getting a supply of window- glass" (q). In 1808 William Eichbaum, Sr., established the glass-cutting business, the only establishment of the kind in the United States. "He manu- factures elegant chandeliers, and his cut glass is equal to any we see im- ported" (r).
An extensive metal button manufactory was established in 1808 by Reuben Neale, which soon did a large business. In 1809-10 the manufacture of marble paper was commenced on a small scale, and about the same time the manu- facture of black ink-powder was attempted.
In the year 1810, in Pittsburg and its immediate vicinity, the following establishments were enumerated by the Marshal, together with the quantity they manufactured and the annual value of the products in dollars :
One gristmill, by steam, manufactures 60,000 bushels of grain; three carding and spinning mills, two of cotton and one of wool, amount to $14,248; one mill for grinding flatirons, $2,000; two distilleries, which make 600 barrels of whisky; three breweries which make 6,435 barrels of porter, ale and beer; four brick- yards, $13,600; two air furnaces, 400 tons, $40,000; three red lead factories, esti- mated at $13,100; six naileries, $49,890; three glassworks, one green and two white, $62,000; two potteries, $3,400; two gunsmiths, $2,400; three tobac- conists, $11,500; sixteen looms, 19,448 yards of cloth; six tanneries, $15,500; seventeen smitheries, $34,400; four cooperies, $2,250; eight chair and cabinet makers, $17,424; saddlers, boot and shoemakers, number not set down, product estimated, $68,878; ten batteries, $24,507; four silversmiths and watchmakers, $9,500; six copper, brass and tin factories, $25,500; three stonecutters, $8,800; three boat and ship builders, $43,000; two wagon-makers, $2,872; three chand- lers, $14,500; one ropewalk, $25,000; one button manufactory, $3,000; one stocking weaver; one cutlery, $3,000; one glass-cutting factory, $1,000; one wire- weaving, at which sieves, screens, riddles, etc., were made to a considerable extent; three printing establishments and one bookbindery. This was said
(n) Navigator, 18II.
(o) Navigator, 18II.
(z) Navigator, 18II.
(p) Navigator, ISII.
(q) Navigator, 18II. (r) Navigator, 18II.
203
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
to be too low an estimate in some lines, particularly in saddles and boots and shoes. In 1809 the saddlery product amounted to about $40,000, and the boots and shoes to $70,000.
Zadoc Cramer began to collect rags in Pittsburg in 1800. By hard work he managed to get, the first year, 150 to 200 pounds. The second year the quantity more than doubled, and thenceforward the supply increased rapidly. In 1812 the firm which had succeeded to the business, and of which Mr. Cramer was a member (Cramer, Spear & Eichbaum), collected from 60,000 to 70,000 pounds (s).
In 1812 a warehouse was established here by the Harmony Society, a branch of the Butler County Pennsylvania Society, in which were kept their stocks of broadcloths, cassimeres, flannels, merino and common wool hats, boots and shoes, tin and copper wares, saddlery, cordage, stamp or hanging paper, whisky, high- wines, flour, flaxseed, oil, leather, rails, ironmongery, tobacco, etc. Isaac Bean, their Pittsburg agent, was in charge.
Pittsburg was at this early date sometimes referred to by Englishmen as the "Birmingham of America" (t).
"There are two new glassworks now erecting, one on the opposite side of the Monongahela by Travers & Ensell, and one in the new town of Birming- ham, a little above Pittsburg, on the south side of the Monongahela, under the firm of Beltzhoover, Wendt & Co. These, with the three former, viz., O'Hara's, Robinson's and Bakewell's, will be enabled to manufacture flint and green glass to the amount of about $160,000 worth annually" (u).
In 1812 one saddler, Mr. Little, made about $60,000 worth of saddles, bridles and harness. The different boot and shoe manufacturers employed about 100 hands and annually produced about $100,000 worth of goods. Dr. A. Aigster, in 1812, established a factory for the manufacture of acids, etc. The two large breweries and the one small one consumed annually 20,000 bushels of barley, and made nearly 7,000 barrels of ale, beer and porter, worth $40,000. The Evans steam flourmill operated three run of stone, ran much of the time day and night and consumed annually about 60,000 bushels of wheat, worth $45,000. About 1812 John Irwin & Co. established their ropewalk for the manufacture of ropes and twines. William Scott and Mr. Lithgow made carpenters' planes. In 1812, in James Arthurs' woolen factory, there were in operation two jennies of forty spindles each, one slubbing billy of forty spindles, two carding machines and eight looms .. At this time he carded about eighty pounds of wool per day for seven months of the year. In 1812, also, Hugh and James Jelly were engaged in erecting and equipping their cotton factory, to be operated by steam. Messrs. Kerwin and Armitage erected two cotton factories, and George Cochran engaged in the manufacture of flannels and blankets. Associated with him was Mr. Dowling, who carried on the worsted business, combing and spinning yarn for pantaloons, serges, craizes and stockings. He put in operation two carding machines, a billy of forty spindles and a jenny of fifty spindles for woolen goods (v).
In 1813 Thomas Davis constructed a wool-spinning billy of thirty spindles, but could not proceed for want of wool. Reuben Neale manufactured about this time one hundred gross of metal buttons weekly, worth annually about $5,000. Scully & Graham began to manufacture morocco leather, which created a demand for sheepskins. At this date Willian Gore was engaged in manufac- turing suspenders from silk, cotton or wool, weaving ten webs at once; also mak-
(s) Louisiana and Mississippi Almanac, 1813.
(t) Louisiana and Mississippi Almanac, 1813.
(u) Louisiana and Mississippi Almanac, 1813.
(v) Louisiana and Mississippi Almanac, 1813.
204
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
ing boot web and boot cord. Anthony Beelen conducted a white lead factory, having J. J. Boudier, a Frenchman and owner of the laboratory, as his super- intendent. J. M. Sloan made trunks, traveling bags, ctc., and advertised for deerskins with the hair on. Much to the professed regret of several writers of that day, the stocking weaving enterprise of Mr. Ramage did not prosper, per- haps because hosiery was so generally made in pioneer homes. Mr. Blair's brushmaking establishment was fairly prosperous, but he kept calling for bristles (w).
In the steam fulling mill of James Arthurs, in 1815, was an engine which had been patented in part by a son of the proprietor. By 1815 four steamboats had been built here: New Orleans, Vesuvius, Etna and Buffalo, and another was then launched, and still another on the stocks. The breweries were at this time using annually 120,000 to 130,000 bushels of grain, and producing about 10,000 barrels of ale, beer and porter. There were the two white lead factories of Anthony Beelen and J. Stevenson, and the white and red lead factory of Trevor, Pettigrew & Troost. Two brush factories were in operation, conducted respect- ively by William Blair and George Beale. There were also three large rope- walks, which madc all sizes of rope, twine and cordage. "The principal part of the cordage for Perry's fleet was made here. Two cables weighed each about 4,000 pounds and were four and one-half inches in diameter" (x). The two white glass and three green glass factories turned out $200,000 worth of products annually. George Cochran, who began to manufacture woolen goods in 1813, or perhaps late in 1812, was manufacturing in 1815, at the corner of Diamond and Liberty streets, superfine and common broadcloths, blankets, paper-mak- ers' felting, kerseynettes, satinettes, hosiery and also carded wool and dressed cloth for country and borough wcavers. In 1815 Trotter & Co. made pottery from local clays-yellow queensware, such as pitchers, coffee and tea pots, cups and saucers, jugs, etc. (y). In 1815 the steam gristmill of Evans, the steam paper-mill of R. Patterson & Co., and the steam cotton factory of J. Jelly & Co., were among the more prominent industrial establishments. Patterson & Hop- kins built their paper-mill in 1812, and Cramer, Spear & Eichbaum built theirs on the Little Beaver the same year.
According to Riddle's Directory the following manufacturers were here in 1815: John Aitkin, tallow chandler; Abraham Armstrong, saddler; James Arthurs, woolen manufactory and steam fulling mill; William Arthurs, wagon- maker; Samuel Bailer, shoemaker; Francis Bailey, rectifying distillery; John Baird, porter bottler; Thomas Baird, weaver; Adam Baker, tobacconist; Bake- well, Page & Bakewell, glass manufactory; George L. Balsley & Co., tobac- conists; John Barclay, planemaker; Joseph Barclay, cabinet-maker; James Barr, potter; Samuel Barr, weaver; Launcelot Beacom, weaver; George Beale, brush- maker; Ebenezer Beatty, chandler; Thomas Bell, boatbuilder; Phillis Bennet, spinner; John Betker, shoemaker; William Blair, brushmaker; Thomas Bracken, potter; Joseph Brittingham, violin-maker; James Brown, shoemaker; Martin Burns, maltster; John Byrne, umbrella, parasol and pocketbook manufacturer; Robert Cairns, boot and shoe manufacturer; John Caldwell, tanner; Charles Campbell, boot and shoe maker; Thomas Cannon, chairmaker; John Carothers, weaver; Robert Carothers, weaver; Thomas Carter, cordial distiller; Joseph Caskey, boot and shoe maker; Thomas Charlton, weaver; Nathan Clark, cooper; Webb Closey, boot and shoe maker; George Cochran of Richmond, manufac- turer of cotton and woolen; Thomas Collingwood, muslin weaver; Samuel Con- ner, spinner in woolen factory; Henry Cooney, hair-cap maker; John Cooper,
(w) Louisiana and Mississippi Almanac, 1813.
(x) Riddle's Directory, 1815. (y) Riddle's Diretory. 1815.
207
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
bookbinder; Martin Cooper, breeches-maker; Joshua Corby, shoemaker; Tim- othy Core, weaver; Thomas Cowan, chairmaker; Cramer, Spear & Eichbaum, printers and booksellers; John Cowan, bowstring-maker; Samuel Crow, tanner; Stephen Cumberland, pattern-maker; Robert Curling, potmaker; John Davis, baker; Robert Davis, wagon-maker; Samuel Davis, clock and watch maker; John Davidson, boot and shoe maker; Ralph Dawson, dyer; John Douthitt, boot and shoe maker; Charles Douty, boatbuilder; Christopher Douty, boatbuilder; E. Dowers, tent and sail maker; Charles Durnion, porter bottler; William Earl, bellows-maker and chandler; George F. Ebert, printer; Thomas Edmond, tanner ; Arnold Eichbaum, glass cutter and turner; John Elliott, boot and shoe maker; Lydia Elliott, blue dyer ; Silas Engles, printer ; Oliver English, blue dyeing; George Evans & Co., steam mill; Williams Evans, planemaker; John Fearis, cabinet- ntraker; Robert Ferguson & Co., printers; Patrick Findley, cooper; Sarah Francis, glover; Thomas Franklin, weaver; Charles Frethy, bookbinder; Edward Frethy, hairdresser; Ephraim Frisbee, shipwright; William Le Lacheur, cooper; John Tenfesty, cooper; George Lewis, brewer; Thomas Lewis, shoemaker; James Lig- get, cabinet-maker; John Ligget, same; Linton & Bolton; merchant tailors; John Little, printer; Mary Little, soap boiler; Abraham Long, tanner; Daniel McAfee, boatbuilder; Matthew McCabe, weaver; James McCarthy, cabinet- inaker; John McLeod, sailmaker and boatbuilder; Jesse McCoy, boatbuilder ; James McCracken, cotton carder; Norman McDougal, turner; David McDowel, turner; James McDowell, glover; Thomas McFann, boot and shoe maker; Thomas McGrain, bottling cellar; John McGrew, chairmaker; James McKee, reedmaker; Hugh McMasters, weaver; John McPherson, cabinet-maker; Samuel Magee, hatter; Christopher Magee, hatter; William Martin, cooper, William Masson, sailmaker; Alexander May, brickmaker; James May, cooper; Isaac Meeker, bookbinder, William Mooney, shoemaker; Hugh Moore & Co., whole- sale and retail hat manufacturers; James Moore, cooper; William Moore, weaver; William Moreland, boatbuilder; Adamı Moreland, boot and shoe maker; John Morris, cooper; Charles Munns, saltpeter refiner; Robert Murphy, weaver; John Murter, distiller; Thomas Neal, tanner; James Neyman, wagon-maker; John Nicholson, boatbuilder; David A. Northrop, merchant tailor; David E. Noyes, combmaker; Nichols O'Callighan, soap and candle manufacturer ; Andrew Osthoff, gold and silver smith; Benjamin Page, glassmaker; Robert Patterson, wholesale and retail bookseller and stationer; Roger Patterson, distiller; William H. Peacock & Co., Windsor-chair makers; James Pentland, chairmaker; Thomas Perkins, clock and watch maker; Lewis Peters, tanner and currier; William Reiger, tanner; John Robinson, boatbuilder; James Robinson, shawl weaver; Thomas Rodman, sickle-maker; William Rodgers, brickmaker; Charles Rosen- baum, pianoforte-maker; Joseph Roseman, chairmaker; Benjamin Rummage, brickmaker; James Russell, skin dresser and breeches-maker; Andrew Scott, brewer; George Scott, Sr., weaver; Hance Scott, weaver; William Scott, plane- maker; Shaw & Macoubrie, merchant tailors; John S. Sheldon, bookbinder; Nancy Sheldon, sausage-maker; Andrew Sherwood, pattern-maker; Elisha Shiner, glass cutter; George Shiras, brewer; William Shiras, same; J. P. & J. W. Shelton, druggists; John M. Snowden, printer and bookseller; John Scull, printer and banker; William Sprague, boatbuilder; James S. Stevenson, white lead factory; John Stuart, cooper; Hyman Styles, boatbuilder; Richard Sullivan, cooper ; James Thompson, watchmaker; Samuel Thompson, merchant tailor; Trevor & Ensell, glass warehouse; Robert Trimble, reedmaker; James Troth, watchmaker; Trotter & Co., queensware potters; Samuel Turner, cordial dis- tiller; Peter Vandervoort, cooper; Thomas Wallace, tanner; Jesse Ward, cab- inet-maker; Samuel Warden, weaver; Baily Warren, cooper; James Watson; cooper; William Watson, pumpmaker; John Wedekind, pocketbook manufac-
208
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
turer; Andrew Willick, boot and shoe maker; Thomas Wilson, weaver; Adam Wreath, weaver; Robert Wright, weaver; Frederick Yost, ropemaker; John Young, cabinet-maker; David Zilhart, sausage-maker. In Bayardstown, Law- renceville and Birmingham were: George Bayard, gentleman; James W. Bredin, brickmaker; John Coxe, sawyer; George Galloway, brickmaker; Horatio G. Garrett, steam paper-mill; Messrs. Griffith, potters; Moses Gray, sawyer; James Hart, ropemaker; John Hoylet, weaver; Horace Hill, paper-maker; Isaac Hines, paper-maker; James Jelly, cotton factory; Thomas Jones paper-maker; Boyle Irwin, ropewalk; James McGowan, brickmaker; G. & J. McMunn, cordwainers; Aaron Meeker, paper-maker; John Neely, weaver; Seth Resley, paper-maker; Joseph Scott, paper-maker; William Taylor, paper-maker; Trevor, Pettigrew & Troost, white and red lead factory; Jacob Yetter, paper-maker.
In 1817 David Greer manufactured tobacco and snuff, Jacob Negley carded wool at the steam mill in East Liberty, James Brown made water and butter crackers and pilot, navy and common bread, Rees Jones manufactured tobacco, Bolton, Ensell & Co. conducted their glassworks on the South Side, opposite Wood Street, Abraham Long made morocco leather, David Reamy made ladies' fancy shoes (z). In 1818 Thomas G. Richardson & Co., tobacconists, and John and James Morford, wagon-makers, started in business. In this year Bolton, Ensell & Co. assigned to Mark Stackhouse and others. George Luckey was the "Company," but the company was unlucky. The Birmingham glassworks were operated by Sutton, Wendt & Co. at this time. Arthurs & Murphy, partners in the fulling business, dissolved in August, 1818, and James Arthurs continued alone. In 1819 McKee, Tweedy & Graham succeeded to the hat manufactory of Robert Peeples. Ensell & Co., glass-blowers, discontinued in 1819. Augustus Uz advertised to paint interior walls in oil or water colors (a).
Swetman, Hughes & Co., in 1818, manufactured planes, Joseph Roseman made fancy chairs, H. Love & Co. made whipcords and lashes, J. Towne made landscape paper-hangings; William & Robert Leckey made plows and coaches; William Hill & Bros. operated their soap factory early in 1819; Thomas Orbine made starch two miles from the city on the turnpike; also fig blue and hair- . powder.
The large brewery of Thomas Baird & Son was in operation in 1819. It was located on the Monongahela. Adjoining it was a new one, called "Pitts- burg Brewery No. 4," yet in process of erection by Varner, Colwell & Co. Both stood near Anthony Beelen's foundry. The Union Brewery, owned by Brown & Scott, was also in operation. The latter offered one dollar per bushel for barley. Henry Bhears made fancy and Windsor chairs and settees in 1819. Wright & Mckown, cabinet-makers, dissolved in 1819. William Savory estab- lished an engraving and copperplate printing shop here in 1819. The rectify- ing distillery of Francis Bailey, on Front Street, was burned down in June, 1820, entailing a loss of over $7,000. George Anshutz, Jr., conducted a tan- yard, in 1819, opposite the Second Presbyterian Church. Edward Patchell manufactured hats in 1819, and on that date improved his products by adding water-proof hats. The Pittsburg Steam Grist Mill, managed by John Herron, which had been closed for some time, was put in operation again in November, 1819.
"Foreign goods are now cheap. The makers and sellers of them are will- ing to lose money for a few years in order to crush our manufactures and secure a perpetual monopoly. When we buy all and make none, we shall be at the mercy of foreigners and importers. They will exact such a price as will indem- nify them for past losses. Glass tumblers will not then sell for eleven pence
(z) Mercury, 1817.
(a) Mercury, 1818-19. 1
209
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
per dozen; iron will not sell for forty dollars a ton. Will the men who now depress our bank paper seven per cent. have too much conscience to add one hundred per cent. to the price of their goods? A crisis is rapidly approaching. The capital of our manufacturers is not endless. The rapid progress of Ameri- can manufactures during the war has brought the English to their present distress. Both cannot flourish here. The people must decide. It is said that domestic manufacturers made unconscionable profits during the war. That was due to the want of goods of every kind; merchants could ask and get their own prices; importation had ceased and home manufactures were limited. Mer- chants put up the price; why should not manufacturers? Did anybody pay higher for domestic than for foreign goods? It is said, also, that the quality of domestic goods is not as good as of foreign. With time our fabrics will vie with the best productions of Europe. A gentleman called at Mr. Bakewell's to exam- ine his glass. He was shown a decanter which the son of Mr. Bakewell had selected in London as a pattern or specimen of the best glass and the best cut- ting. The gentleman looked at it, examined it slightly, said it was very good for American but not equal to English. The imported article is forced on our market at one-half the cost, for the express purpose of preventing our making it. Our manufacturers cannot make these sacrifices; they cannot sustain them- selves six months longer in the present state of affairs" (b).
In February, 1817, Mr. Lowrie, of the Senate committee of the Pennsylvania Legislature, reported a strong document on the importance of protecting domes- tic manufacturers. "Our manufactories will require the continued attention of Congress. The capital employed in them is considerable, and the knowledge acquired in the machinery and fabric of all the most useful manufactures is of great value. Their preservation, which depends on due encouragement, is con- nected with the highest interests of the nation" (c).
On December 21, 1817, a meeting of the citizens of Pittsburg was held "for the purpose of inquiring into the state of the manufactures," and report upon the same, and after due examination by a special committee an elaborate review of local conditions was presented. The following are extracts taken from this report :
"Within a few years past Pittsburg has grown from an inconsiderable town to a city of ten thousand inhabitants (an over-estimate). Two-thirds of the population are supported by manufactures. The enterprise and skill of our arti- ficers have created a circulating capital of a very great amount. The .
great public injury and private distress which have attended the late depression of manufactures seem not confined to Pittsburg. The tariff of duties established at the last session of Congress, and the history of the present year, will dem- onstrate the utter futility of their expectations of encouragement. . In the discharge of this duty they have found that the manufacture of cottons, woolens, flint glass and the finer articles of iron has lately suffered the most alarming depression. Some branches which had been several years in operation have been destroyed or have partially suspended, and others of a more recent growth annihilated before they were completely in operation" (d).
The cotton factory occupied by Jelly & Co. was not in operation, and most, if not all, of the hands were discharged. The woolen factory of Mr. Arthurs was only in partial operation, the number of hands having been reduced one-half. The same was true of the woolen factory of George Cochran, which, a short time before, had been removed from Pittsburg to Beaver Creek. The flint-glass
(b) Mercury, October 31, 1817.
(c) Message President Monroe, December 2, 1817.
(d) Gazette, October 6, 1818.
210
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
product, which formerly amounted to $130,000 per annum, was reduced to $30,000, one furnace having been stopped entirely. Mr. Eichbaum's wire fac- tory had wholly stopped operation, and so had the butt-hinge factory and the currycomb factory of Anthony Beelen. Many others ran only on orders, which were not plentiful.
In January, 1818, the following account of the manufactures, etc., carried on in this place and its vicinity in 1817 was reported by the committee of the City Council appointed at the meeting (e):
Business.
Number of Hands.
Annual Value of Products
I Auger-maker
6
$ 3,500
I Bellows-maker
3
10,000
18 Blacksmiths
74
75,100
3 Brewers.
I7
72,000
3 Brushmakers
7
8,600
I Button-maker
6
6,250
2 Cotton spinners and carders.
36
25,518
II Coppersmiths and tin-platers
100
200,000
7 Cabinet-makers I Currier
4
12,000
2 Cutlers.
6
2,400
4 Iron foundries.
37
180,000
3 Gunsmiths and bridle-bit makers
14
1 3,800
2 Flint-glass manufactories 82
92
I 30,000
2 Hardware manufactories.
17
18,000
7 Hatters.
49
44,640
I Locksmith.
9
12,000
I Linen manufactory.
20
I Nail manufactory
47
174,716
I Paper-maker.
40
23,000
I
Pattern-maker.
2
1,500
3 Planemakers.
6
57,600
I Potter, fine ware.
5
8,000
I Ropemaker.
8
15,000
I Spinning-machine maker
6
6,000
I
Spanish-brown manufactory
2
6,720
I Silver-plater. .
40
20,000
2 Steam-engine makers
60
125,000
2 Steam gristmills
IO
50,000
6 Saddlers.
60
86,000
5 Silversmiths and watch repairers.
17
12,000
14 Shoe and boot makers
109
I 20,000
7 Tanners and curriers
47
58,860
4 Tallow-chandlers
7
32,600
4 Tobacconists.
23
21,000
5 Wagon-makers
21
28,500
2 Weavers.
9
14,560
Windsor-chair makers
23
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.