USA > Pennsylvania > Allegheny County > Pittsburgh > Standard history of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania > Part 31
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In 1833 J. & E. Greer, at the Tariff Foundry, manufactured stoves, grates, gudgeons, sawmill irons, windmill irons, wagon-boxes, sadirons bake-kettles, plow-irons, hollowware, etc. The following year they were forced to assign.
Bemis, Kingsland, Lightner & Cuddy bought the interest of Lewis & Peter Peterson in their machine shop and steam-engine factory, lately conducted by F. A. Bemis & Co., in February, 1834. F. A. Bemis & Co., the company being Lewis and Peter Peterson, had made steam engines and cotton and woolen machinery here for some time.
On November I, 1833, there were in operation in and near Pittsburg 89 engines, with 2,III hands employed therewith, and 154,250 bushels of coal con- sumed monthly (x). The following were the iron establishments:
Establishments.
Bu. of Coal consumed monthly.
Horsepower of
Hands em- ployed,
Speers & Renfrew, engine, ship.
200
8
12
Bemis & Co., engine and machine.
900
I6
55
Smith & Minis, steam-engine factory
400
I2
36
J. & E. Greer, blowing-a cupola.
400
8
I4
Stackhouse & Thompson, steam-engine factory.
700
I6
40
John Arthurs, steam-engine factory.
700
I6
40
John Gallagher, metal turning.
225
4
6
Thomas Fink, boring and turning
300
15
2
Leonard, Semple & Leonard, iron works.
20,000
150
I50
Leonard, Semple & Leonard, wind works
500
20
15
John Sheriff, brass foundry.
250
7
IO
Mahlon Rogers, engine building
300
8
28
James Nelson, grinding sickles.
300
8
IO
Miltenberger & Brown, rolling-mill. .
3,900
85
35
S. Smith & Co., rolling-mill and nail factory.
3,500
80
33
Kingsland, Lightner & Cuddy, foundry
1,040
40
70
Marshall & Hawdon, grinding.
250
6
I2
G. & J. H. Shoenberger, rolling-mill.
13,000
I60
45
G. & J. H. Shoenberger, rolling-mill and nail factory. 3,900
I20
I7
William Lippincott, rolling-mill and nail factory ....
3,120
80
32
McClurg, Wade & Co., engine and cannon factory ..
1,650
40
80
Oran Waters, shovels, spades factory
500
8
I6
John Witherell, edge tools ..
312
6
5
Sylvanus Lothrop, Juniata Rolling Mill.
19,500
IIO
75
(v) Gazette, April 8, 1831.
(w) Gazette, May 31, 1831.
(x) Samuel Church, in Gazette, November 8, 1833.
15
Engine.
278
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
Establishments.
Bu. of Coal consumed monthly.
Horsepower of Engine.
Hands em- ployed.
Lamont & Co., vise factory .
1,400
18
IO
Jacob Stroop, edge tools.
400
IO
40
HI. S. Spang & Son, rolling-mill and nail factory
10,000
I60
65
Wetmore & Havens, steel manufactory.
550
30
I5
Lyon, Shorb & Co., Sligo Iron Works
8,000
100
60
J. & J. Patterson, saw cutting and turning
500
6
20
William Price, cupola. ...
300
6
4
J. Robinson & Son, boring and turning
450
I5
9
97,447
1,368
1,06I
"Resolved, That the existing duties upon articles imported from foreign countries, and not coming into competition with similar articles made or pro- duced within the United States, ought to be forthwith abolished, except the duties upon wines and silks, and that those ought to be reduced" (y).
In the month of November, 1833, 2,337,580 pounds of iron were brought to Pittsburg over the canal, as follows: Blooms, 1,658,326 pounds; pig-metal, I 12,560 pounds; castings, 75,167 pounds; iron, 492,527 pounds. There were shipped eastward over the canal during the same time 127,484 pounds of cast- ings (z).
"There are in the city of Pittsburg sixteen foundries and engine factories of the largest denomination, besides numerous other establishments of less magnitude. There are nine rolling-mills, cutting two tons of nails and rolling eight tons of iron per day on an average, and employing from seventy to ninety hands each" (a).
In July, 1834, bar, tie, horseshoe, round, square, hoop, band, saddle-tree and grate-bar iron was quoted at from 4 to 7 cents per pound. Juniata hammered iron was quoted at $100 per ton. American blister steel was worth 6 cents per pound and British blister steel 16 cents per pound (b).
Lothrop, Stewart & Co., in November, 1835, sold their interests in the Juniata Rolling Mill to John Bissell & Co., consisting of John Bissell, William Morrison and Edward W. Stephens, and continued the manufacture of iron and nails.
In September, 1836, the iron and nail factory of Smith & Co. (formerly R. Bowen's) was totally destroyed by fire. In January, 1836, John Arthurs and John Nicholson took as a partner in the Union Foundry George McCand- less, and the new firm, in June of the same year, bought the interest of McClurg, Parry & Higby in the Eagle Foundry. In January, 1837, H. L. Bollman and Abraham Garrison bought an interest in the foundry of Kingsland & Lightner. About the same time William Tate accepted a partnership with John Sheriff in the manufacture of brass articles and lead pipes, sheets, etc. The foundry of John Anderson and W. P. Canan, at Front and Smithfield streets, was in a flourishing condition.
In December, 1836, there were nine rolling mills in operation by the follow- ing companies: Leonard, Semple & Co., G. & J. H. Shoenberger & Co., Lyon, Shorb & Co., Miltenbergers & Brown, Smith, Royer & Co., Bissell & Co., Beeler & Co., H. S. Spang & Son and Lippincott & Bros., all of which con- sumed annually about 2,000,000 bushels of bituminous coal, employed about 1,000 hands, converted about 20,000 tons of blooms and 8,000 tons of pig-
(y) Resolution offered by Henry Clay in the United States Senate, May II, 1833. ,
(z) Gazette, December 3, 1833.
+ (a) Mercury, October 28, 1833. (b) Gazette, July II, 1834.
279
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
metal into bar, sheet-steel and rod-iron, nails, spikes, saws, spades, hoes, wire, etc., the value of which product aggregated about $4,160,000 (c).
Establishments.
Tons
Bu. of Coke and Coal.
Sets of Rolls.
Nail En- Ma- gines. chines.
Kensington Iron Works (Leonard,
Semple & Co).
I70
3,000
250,000
6
2
IO
Pennsylvania Iron Works (Milten-
bergers & Brown).
.IIO
5,000
300,000
6
2
I5
Juniata Iron Works (G. & J. H. Shoen-
berger).
90
4,000
180,000
. .
2
. .
Sligo Iron Works
(Lyon, Shorb &
Co).
90
4,000
220,000
. .
. .
. .
Lippincott & Bros.
50
800
75,000
. .
. .
Smith, Royer & Co.
Bissell & Co
Beeler & Co.
490
3,200
975,000
Of these the Kensington works made round, square, flat, hoop, boiler and sheet iron, wire and spike rods, nails, etc. The Pennsylvania works made the same, the nails amounting to 1,500 tons annually. The Juniata works made the same, besides fire-bed iron and blister steel. Sligo works manufactured the same; and Lippincott & Bros the same.
In December, 1836, there were eighteen iron foundries, steam-engine fac- tories and machine shops here, which consumed annually nearly 500,000 bushels of coal and coke, employing nearly 1,000 hands, changed from 10,000 to 12,000 tons of pig-metal into useful articles of all sorts, from a cannon down to a butt- hinge, and transformed 3,000 tons of bar-iron into boilers-all valued at $2,130,000 (d).
The Pennsylvania Foundry and Steam Engine Factory of McClurg, Wade & Co., at O'Hara and Water streets, made locomotive steam engines, heavy cannon, field artillery, railroad machines, engines for steamboats, mills and manufactories, cannon ball, shells, grape, cannister, castings, mill machinery, etc. Arthurs, Stewart & Co. built, in 1836, fifteen steam engines and forty-four boilers; while the Eagle Factory of Arthurs, Nicholson & Co., in the same time, made twenty-six steam engines, besides a large amount of general machin- ery. From May 25, 1835, to May 25, 1836, Stackhouse & Tomlinson made ten steam engines and thirty-four boilers. Warden & Benny made, in 1836, fifteen engines for steamboats and eighty boilers. Freeman & Miller made castings, stoves, grates, etc., and Kingsland & Lightner, at the Pittsburg Foundry, made castings for rolling-mills, engines, plows, stoves, etc. (e).
In December, 1836, according to the best calculations, there were in use here and the immediate vicinity 125 steam engines. . The number of smith shops was very large, one of them operating sixteen forges. C. & O. O. Evans, plow manufacturers, made 4,000 of those implements annually; while Mr. Hall, in the same business, had the capacity to make 100 plows daily, or nearly 30,000 annually. Lead pipe, brass goods and wire were manufactured on a large scale (e).
The sum total of the productive value of mechanical labor, taken in con- nection with the value of the raw material, of Pittsburg and immediate vicinity for 1836, was estimated as follows (e):
(c) Western Address Directory, 1837 .- Lyford.
(d) Western Address Directory, 1837 .- Lyford.
(e) Western Address Directory, 1837 .- Lyford.
. .
H. S. Spang & Son.
Hands. of Iron.
280
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
Steamboats.
$ 960,000
Rolling-mills . 4,160,000
Iron foundries, engine and machine shops. 2,130,000
Flint-glass works.
560,000
Window-glass and hollowware.
700,000
Cotton factories
500,000
Ropewalk.
80,000
Paper-mill. .
20,000
Chemical factories and lead works.
241,000
Linseed oil.
50,000
Plows.
174,000
All other manufactures.
6,000,000
$15,575,440
In these establishments, and including the water-works, there were con- sumed, in 1836, 3,512,100 bushels of coal. If to this is added all other coal con- sumed and exported, the total aggregated 8,550,000 bushels, which, at 4} cents per bushel, amounts to $384,750. The total number of men employed in the rolling-mills, foundries, glassworks, cotton factories, ropewalk and paper-mills was 2,940 (f). The manufactures and mechanical products and sales of all kinds, foreign and domestic, may be estimated at from $20,000,000 to $25,000,000 in the year 1836 (f).
In 1837 the iron and nail manufacturers here were: John Bissell & Co., For- syth, Lorenz & Cuddy, Hoge, Wetmore & Co., Kings, Higby & Anderson, Lyon, Shorb & Co., Miltenbergers & Brown, Smith Royer & Co., H. S. Spang & Son and G. & J. H. Shoenberger. The iron foundries were owned by Kingsland, Lightner & Co., Freeman & Miller, McClurg, Wade & Co., Cuddy, Mitchell & Co., Anderson & Canan, McKerahan & Co. (Allegheny), Rowan, McClelland & Co., Robinson & Minis, William Price (Priceville), and Arthurs & Nicholson. The steam-engine builders were: McClurg, Wade & Co., Stewart, Preston & Co., Stackhouse & Thompson, Stackhouse & Tomlinson, Robinson & Minis, Smith & Irwin, Litch, Cinnamon & Co., J. & R. Scott, Guthrie & Vandervoort, Warden, Nicholson & Co., nearly all of whom had foundries attached to their business.
Establishments (g).
Hands.
Tons iron Used.
Engines.
Bu. Coal and Coke.
Annual product. $250,000
G. & J. H. Shoenberger & Co ..
100
3,500
2
200,000
437,500
Leonard, Semple & Co
I50
3,000
I
250,000
230,000
John Bissell & Co.
IO0
3,500
I
250,000
420,000
Smith, Royer & Co.
43
400
I
ยท
160,000
Lippincott Bros. .
80
900
I
100,000
.....
Kings, Higby & Anderson.
80
900
I
100,000
. . . .
Oran Waters (Chartiers)
20
....
. .
. . .. . .
30,000
Ephraim Estep (Lawrenceville) McClurg, Wade & Co.
30
....
.
.
.
60,000
Stackhouse & Tomlinson.
55
275
.
20,000
100,000
Hoge, Wetmore & Co.
75
3,000
2
300,000
450,000
Lyon, Shorb & Co.
IOO
5,000
2
260,000
800,000
Forsyth, Lorenz & Cuddy
100
4,000
2
360,000
600,000
J. & J. Patterson
20
. ...
I
8,000
I 50,000
Robinson & Minis.
85
800
I
40,000
170,000
Miltenbergers & Brown.
IO0
3,000
2
300,000
75,000
300,000
290
1,770
3
.
(f) Writer in Harris' Intelligencer, December, 1836.
(g) Harris' Directory, 1837. (Compare this table with the one prepared by Lyford.)
28I
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
Miltenbergers & Brown made nails and all kinds of bar and sheet iron; the Shoenbergers made nails, bar, boiler and sheet iron and steel; Leonard, Semple & Co. made the same on a large scale; John Bissell & Co. made nails and all sorts of bar and sheet iron; Lippincott & Bros. made, in 1836, 307 dozen saws, mill and crosscut, 12,500 kegs of nails, 800 dozen hoes, 150 dozen forks, 3,000 dozen shovels and spades, 1,000 cotton-gin saws, etc .; Kings, Higby & Anderson made, in 1836, 300 dozen mill and crosscut saws, 5,000 dozen shovels and spades, 14,000 kegs of nails, 800 dozen forks and 800 dozen hoes. From 1824 to 1836 Stackhouse & Thompson built more than 56 steam engines, and John Arthurs built from 1831 to 1837 a total of over 53 engines.
"Price of Pig-iron and Blooms .- Pig-iron and blooms are both dull of sale. Pig-iron is selling at from $26 to $30 per ton on time. Juniata blooms at $85 per ton on time" (11).
"Iron .- Blooms-No arrivals. We have sales to report of 225 tons at $75, four months; 6 tons at $75, five months; and 53 tons at $75, four months. Pig- metal sales of 50 tons Allegheny at $26, four months; 20 tons Monongahela, soft, at $36, four months; the article has declined fully $2 per ton, and looks down. Bars and Nails-Large sales at quotations. Castings-Four tons, 2 tons and 15 tons sold at 32 cents. Sadirons-Sales at 63 cents" (i).
It was considered generally that Tennessee blooms were as good as Juniata blooms, but having been badly handled lost more in rolling-$1 to $5 per ton. The consequence was that, whereas in May, 1838, Juniata blooms sold here for $75 per ton, Tennessee blooms and Kentucky blooms were quoted at a less figure by several dollars. Pig-iron from Ohio, Western Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Ken- tucky and Juniata was worth about the same price per ton. In October, 1838, blooms were worth $75; pig-iron (foundry), $38 to $39; pig-iron (hard), $37.50 to $38.
"Blooms .- None in market; they would command a higher price than our quotations (85). Pigs-We note a sale of good foundry at $40 per ton, four and six months. We advance quotations a shade" (j).
"An advance of one cent per pound in the price of bar-iron and nails has taken place in this city. The reason assigned by the manufacturers for this is the enhanced price of blooms and pig-metal. The orders for iron and nails have been very large. Heavy as the stock on hand was on the resumption of navi- gation it will all be swept off as fast as boats can be obtained to carry it down the river. It is estimated that the stock of manufactured iron and nails in this city last week was not less than 6,000 tons" (k).
"Blooms-We have no transactions to report; $90, four and six months, is offered for a lot of good Ohio blooms now in market. We quote the article at $90. Pigs-No sales; a lot of mixed qualities may be had at $45" (1).
December 6, 1838, Juniata blooms sold here for $85 on six months' time. At this date there were no pigs in the market and bar-iron was quoted at 7 to 73 cents per pound. In March, 1839, blooms were quoted at $92.50 to $100 per ton and pig-metal at from $45 to $47.50 per ton. Early in April, 1839, Juniata blooms were quoted at $100 on time; Missouri blooms, $92 on time, and pig-metal, $43 on time (m). In May, 1839, pig-metal declined from $43 to $38 and $40, by June 13 to $35, and by July to $33 per ton; while blooms were quoted about the middle of June at $90, and later at a still lower figure. There was an immense stock of both on hand in the city (n).
"The iron business in all its branches is flourishing in Pittsburg, and the
(h) Harris' Intelligencer, July 14, 1837.
(j) Daily Advocate, November 22, 1838.
(1) Daily Advocate, January 10, 1839.
(n) Daily Advocate Reports.
(i) Daily Advocate, March 14, 1838.
(k) Daily Advocate, November 1I, 1838.
(mn) Daily Advocate, April 4, 1839.
282
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
stocks in these establishments are in high repute. Two very extensive manufac- tories have changed hands this week by private purchase. Lippincott & Brothers have sold their very extensive works to King, Anderson & Higby. Beeler & Hartman of Birmingham have sold theirs to Hoge, Wetmore & Hartman. There will be merely a change of owners and the works will be driven on with renewed spirit" (o).
John Arthurs, David Stewart and Cyprian Preston manufactured steam engines, beginning their partnership in June, 1837. Previous to January, 1838, J. & R. Scott manufactured engines, mill-irons, castings, ctc., at Liberty and Water streets, but were then succeeded by Robert Wrightman, who began to make steam engines, mill-irons, lathes, stocks, dies, tops, etc. Samuel Smith and John Irwin, steam-engine manufacturers, assigned in June, 1838. E. & F. Faber manufactured steam engines in 1838. In Miltenbergers & Brown's rolling- mill on Wayne Street, in 1838, there was operated a wrought-spike machine by the inventor and patentee, Richard Savory. This was a great improvement on the old method of making spikes by hand. They were made from three to ten inches in length. Samuel Stackhouse withdrew from the firm of Stackhouse, Thompson & Co., steam-engine manufacturers, in February, 1838, whereupon his partners, James Thompson and James Nelson, associated themselves with Joseph Tomlinson, under the name of Thompson, Tomlinson & Co., to continue the same business, including iron and brass castings. McElroy & Slaughterback manufactured copper and tin ware in 1840. During the '30s and '40s Andrew Fulton manufactured thousands of bells for all the western country. In 1841 Jones & Coleman manufactured springs and axles of all kinds for carriages, metal lamps, door-handles, hinges, etc.
"Our Manufacturers-The Crisis .- The scarcity of money and dangers attending extensive sales on credit to the West and South, and the difficulty of obtaining discounts and collections, together with the high price of provisions and labor, have induced-nay, made it prudent and necessary for-our extensive manufacturing establishments to make an immediate and rapid curtailment of their business, and without a great change in the times for the better, owing to the peculiar crisis, the manufacturing business of our city. will be reduced one- third and perhaps more. Some of the largest will discharge from 50 to 100 hands; several have already commenced to do so, and before the 4th of July perhaps from 2,000 to 3,000 operatives will be discharged. The necessary alternative we very much lament" (p).
"We have lately examined at Andrew Fulton's brass foundry a new gun, or rather a combination of guns, invented by Mr. Snowden of this city. It consists of ten guns or calibers of guns, arranged around a large cylinder of iron. These guns are successively loaded, fired, sponged, charged and rammed home again with rapidity by means of a crank" (q).
In 1838 Thompson, Tomlinson & Co. succeeded Stackhouse, Thompson & Nelson in the manufacture of steam engines. Samuel Smith and John Irwin, manufacturers of steam engines, were forced to assign in June, 1838. In the summer of 1838, at a convention of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, held in Pittsburg, a committee of the same, after careful investigation, placed the annual value of all manufactures in the city in detail at $9,263,000, of which the following were items (r):
(o) Harris' Intelligencer, February, 1837.
(P) Harris' Intelligencer, April 16, 1837.
(q) Gazette, March 28, 1838.
(r) Pittsburg Advocate, April 30, 1839. (This estimate is probably nearer correct than any other made about that time, owing to the liability of persons interested to over-estimate.)
283
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
Bar and sheet iron and nails.
$3,000,000
Engines and castings
1,500,000
Glass and glassware. 900,000
Cotton yarn and fabrics
750,000
Saddlery and harness.
250,000
Cordage and twine.
230,000
White lead.
200,000
Cabinetware and chairs.
200,000
Leather.
200,000
Cotton machinery and cards
I 50,000
Malt liquors
I20,000
Steel and mill saws, axes, etc
100,000
All others.
1,663,000
Total
$9,263,000
A small iron steamboat was built at York, Pennsylvania, in 1823-4 and named "Codorus," and designed to run on the Susquehanna River. The hull was built of iron, mounted upon wheels and hauled by horses to the river, where it was launched opposite Marietta. It was small-of the bateau class. It did not do well East and was brought to Pittsburg and sent down the river for use at some southern port (s). In January, 1839, a contract was entered into to build an iron boat at Pittsburg (t):
The iron steamboat "Valley Forge" reached New Orleans December 29, 1839, and was placed on the general line between that city and Cincinnati (v). The following is the report on Pittsburg and Allegheny County of the Marshal for the Western District of Pennsylvania for the year 1839 (w):
Number of furnaces for cast-iron 28
Tons produced.
6,584
Value of manufactures (about) $446,880
Number of bloomeries, forges, rolling-mills for bar-iron and nails. . I2
Tons produced.
45,100
Value of manufactures (about). $4,500,000
Number of hands, including miners
2,305
Amount of capital invested. $1,931,000
Value of hardware and cutlery manufactured. $351,500
Number of men employed.
210
Number of cannon cast.
5
Small arms made.
1,350
Men employed ...
13
Value of machinery manufactured. $443,500
Number of men employed.
25I
Various metals made, value. $181,700
Men employed.
218
"Bar-iron-Some of the largest manufacturers have suddenly knocked down the price of bar-iron Iz cents per pound. This brings common bar to 33 cents per pound; other sizes in the same proportion as before-all reduced Iz cents.
(s) Pittsburg Advocate, April 17, 1839. (t) Gazette, July 9, 1839.
(v) Weekly Pittsburger, January 22, 1840.
(w) Harris' Intelligencer, November, 1840.
284
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
Nails have also been dropped Iz cents per pound-Iod and larger at 4.5 cents, 4d at 5.75 cents. This is an important change" (x). In January, 1840, blooms were quoted at $60 to $62.50 per ton, and pig-metal at $24 to $28 per ton. In the spring and summer of 1840 they declined heavily, but in January, 184I, were quoted-blooms $70 per ton and pig-metal (Ohio) $32 per ton (y).
"This week, though we do not report sales, we have fair warrant to record a decline in prices of pig-metal. Several parcels of good metal have been offered at $20 per ton cash. . . Several holders have endeavorcd to force sales for cash, and the highest offer made in cash has been $18, and on time $20, undoubted paper. This is an important change" (z).
On December 21, 184I, at a public meeting held for the purpose, there was organized the "Farmers, Mechanics and Manufacturers' Home League of Allegheny County for the Protection of Domestic Industry." John Jack was chairman of the meeting and George W. Bradley secretary. Among those present were J. H. McClelland, J. E. Sheridan, Manning Hull, John Rippey, James Dalzell, David McClelland and Joseph O'Brien. Arrangements were made to form a county organization in February, 1842 (a).
Blooms, ton. .$65.00 to $70.00 30.00 to 31.00
Pig-metal, ton
Teakettles, dozen 7.50 to 9.00
Nails, pound .
.04 to .06
Steel, English blistered.
. 14 to .16
Steel, American blistered, pound.
.06 to .07
Steel, German blistered, pound.
. 14 to .16
Steel, cast and shear, pound.
.19 to . 20 (b)
Bar-iron, pound
Hollowware castings, pound.
.03
In December, 1841, it was shown that the total value of the iron products of the State amounted to $22,100,665 (c). In view of this fact and of the further one that in 1842 the Compromise Law of 1833 would go into final operation, the manufacturers of Pittsburg felt that they should take some action to save such an immense industry from destruction. It was said:
"If the odious Compromise Act goes into final operation without any change, Pennsylvania iron will be driven out of market in her own borders, in the East and in the principal parts of the Western country. Let not Pitts- burg iron manufacturers flatter themselves that on account of our distance from the seaboard the act will not affect them" (d).
In 1844 the iron and nail manufacturers here were: James Anderson (Lip- pincott Mills), warehouse at 23 Wood; Bailey, Brown & Co. (Wayne Iron Works), warehouse 46 Water; Bissell, Semple & Stephens (Allegheny Iron Works), warehouse 80 Third; Everson & Co. (Pennsylvania Forge), Dam No. I; Freeman, Gordon & Co. (Eagle Iron Works); Edward Hughes (Brownsville Juniata Iron Works); Lorenz, Sterling & Co. (Pittsburg Iron Works), 43 Water; G. & J. H. Shoenberger & Co. (Juniata Iron Works), 27 Wood; Turbot, Royer & McDowell, Penn and Cecil; Wood, Edwards & McKnight (Hecla Iron Works), Wood and Front. The iron foundries and warehouses were owned by John Anderson & Son (Smithfield Foundry); Arthurs & Nicholson (Eagle Foundry); Bollman & Garrison (Jackson Foundry and Pittsburg Foundry); George E. Evans; W. Irwin (Clinton Foundry); Marshall, Bradley & Co. (Franklin Foun-
(x) Advocate and Emporium, April 2, 1840. '
(y) Advocate and Emporium.
(z) Daily Advocate, March 5, 1840.
(a) Advocate, December, 184I.
(b) Pittsburger, April 1, 1841.
(c) Advocate, December, 1841. (d) Gazette, January 4, 1842.
287
HISTORY OF PITTSBURG.
dry); Morrow, Kingsland & Co. (Baldwin Foundry); McKerahan & Co. (Alle- gheny Foundry); W. T. McClurg (Penn Foundry); Z. Packard & Son (Farm- ers' Foundry); Parry, Scott & Co .; Pennock & Mitchell (Union Foundry); Robinson & Minis. The manufacturers of steam engines, boilers, etc., were: Arthurs & Co., Barnhill, Douglass & Co., Faber & Co., T. K. Litch, Newton & Nicholson, John Potter, Stackhouse & Tomlinson, Stackhouse & Nelson, J. A. Stockton & Co., W. W. Wallace, James Wrightman, R. Wrightman. The manufacturers of tin, copper and sheet-iron ware werc: J. E. Barndollar, Thomas Brown, William Brown, William Camblin, Alexander Cupples, Henry Dauler, Robert Dickey, John Dunlap, Howard & Rogers, Hane & Kellar, J. T. Kincaid, W. C. Meredith, James Moorhead, Samuel Morrow, John McElroy, John McWilliams, William Scaife, Sheriff & Shirk, Lewis Shrum, John Slaughter- back and James Wylie. The bell and brass founders werc: John Dixon & Co., A. Fulton, M. McDonald, Sheriff & Gallagher and Stevenson & Reed. The filcmakers were: Josiah Ankrim & Son, George P. Hawke and Jolm Stokes. The butt-hinge makers were: Clark & Cameron and Ritz & Fownes. The wire- workers were: Francis Cluley, J. R. Taylor & Co., R. Townsend & Co., Richard Welch, J. Wickersham and Sam W. Wickersham (e).
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