History of Philadelphia, 1609-1884, Part 122

Author: Scharf, J. Thomas (John Thomas), 1843-1898. cn; Westcott, Thompson, 1820-1888, joint author
Publication date: 1884
Publisher: Philadelphia, Pa. : L. H. Everts & Co.
Number of Pages: 992

USA > Pennsylvania > Philadelphia County > Philadelphia > History of Philadelphia, 1609-1884 > Part 122

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

Father Farmer died Ang. 17, 1786. Rev. Francis Beeston succeeded him abont the 1st of January, 1787, and remained until recalled to Maryland, in 1790. In April, Rev. J. B. Cansé came, and remained nntil December, when he went to Westmoreland County, near the present town of Greensburg, to attend a Catholic colony settled there. In October, 1787, Rev. William O'Brien was here. Rev. Peter Helbron came in November. Father Molyneux remained until February, 1788, and was succeeded as pastor by Rev. Lanrence Graessl, who came here as early as Nov. 4, 1787. In May, 1789, Rev. Thomas Keating was assistant, and remained until September, 1790, when he went to Charleston, S. C., where he founded the first church. He returned to Philadelphia, and died early in 1793. Rev. Francis Anthony Fleming came on Dec. 30, 1789. Rev. Christopher Vincent Keating came July, 1790, and remained until Decem- ber, 1795, when he returned to Dublin. Rev. Leon- ard Neale, afterward the second archbishop of Balti- more, came on Dec. 21, 1793.

During the yellow fever of 1793, Fathers Graessl, Keating, and Fleming labored as Catholic priests everywhere do in times of pestilence. Fathers Graessì and Fleming gave their lives as a sacrifice to duty. During the fever three hundred and thirty-five Cath- olics died. Of this number two hundred and fifty-one were buried at St. Mary's, thirty in the German por- tion of it, and fifty-fonr at Holy Trinity.

In 1795, Rev. Matthew Carr, O.S.A., came to Phila- delphia from Ireland. He built St. Augustine's Church in 1800. Rev. Dr. Carr, on April 10, 1798, blessed the marriage of Le Chevalier de Yrujo, minister of France, to Maria Teresa Sarah Mckean, daughter of Chief Justice Thomas Mckean.

After the close of the Revolutionary war the affairs of St. Mary's Church were conducted by managers. In the fall of 1787 the Roman Catholic Society of St. Mary's was organized, and on Saturday, Sept. 13, 1788, was incorporated. The trustees named were Rev. Robert Molyneux (the title being in his name), Rev. Francis Beeston, Rev. Lanrence Graessl (pas- tors), George Meade, Thomas Fitzsimmons, James Byrne, Panl Esling, John Cottringer, James Eck, Mark Willcox, and John Carrell.

In 1795-97 the priests stationed in this city were Rev. Leonard Neale, Rev. Michael Ennis, Rev. Matthew Carr, O.S.A. In 1798-99 the priests who from time to time performed duties at St. Joseph's or St. Mary's were Very Rev. M. Carr, O.S.A., Rev. John Rossitter, O.S.A. (had been an officer of the French army, remained in this country and became a priest), Rev. George Stanton, O.S.A., Rev. John Burke (died September or October, 1799), Rev. B. A. McMahon, O.S.A., Rev. Peter Helbron, Rev. Nicho- las Brennan, Rev. Francis Beeston, Rev. D. Boury, Rev. Philip Stafford, O.S.A., Rev. William O'Brien, Rev. Michael Lacy, and Rev. Leonard Neale, who in March, 1799, went to Georgetown College as rector, and on Dec. 7, 1800, became coadjutor to Bishop Carroll, and his successor in 1815. Father Neale was the last of the Jesuits at St. Joseph's and St. Mary's until St. Joseph's came in possession of the Jesuits in 1833, save for a brief period in 1814, when John Grassi, S.J., was stationed there. In 1817, Father Grassi returned to Rome, and became rector of the Propaganda. He died Dec. 12, 1849.

In 1798, Rev. Michael Ennis and Rev. Joseph La Grange died of yellow fever, which then prevailed.

In 1800, Rev. M. Carr was pastor, assisted by Rev. John Rossitter. Rev. l'hilip Stafford, Rev. George Stanton, Rev. William O'Brien, and Rev. B. A. Mc- Mahon were here also in Jannary, 1800.

In 1801, Fathers Carr, Rossitter, Stafford, and Lacy were in the city. The Augustinians went to St. Augustine's Church in 1802, and in Jannary, 1802, Rev. Raphael Fitzpatrick became pastor of St. Joseph's and St. Mary's.

On April 12, 1803, Rev. Michacl Egan, O.S.F., came to Philadelphia from Lancaster, where he had been assistant to Rev. A. L. de Barth since his arrival from Ireland, in 1802. He was pastor until appointed the first bishop of Philadelphia by Pius VII. on April 8, 1809, who decreed the founding of four new dioceses, Philadelphia, New York, Boston, and Bards- town. The consecration of Father Egan as bishop took place at Baltimore, Oct. 28, 1810.

In 1804-7, Fathers Egan and Rossitter were pas- tors. On Dec. 26, 1808, Rev. W. V. llarold and Rev. James Harold came. They remained until 1813, when they returned to Ireland, in consequence of difficulties with Bishop Egan.

On July 22, 1814, Bishop Egan died, and was buried at St. Mary's.

1374

HISTORY OF PHILADELPHIA.

From his death until December, 1820, Philadelphia was without a bishop. Father De Barth acted as administrator. Several to whom the appointment was tendered declined. Rev. William V. Harold, for whom it was sought, was refused. Finally Very Rev. Henry Conwell, of the Archdiocese of Armagh, Ireland, accepted. He found Rev. William Hogan acting as pastor of St. Mary's Church, by appoint- ment of Vicar-General De Barth. By reports given him he deemed it proper to suspend Father Hogan. Then ensued that lamentable schism of which we will speak more particularly in the account of St. Mary's Church.

From this time St. Joseph's and St. Mary's are to be considered as separate churches, having separate pastors, and until the cessation of the strife distinct and antagonistic interests. Heretofore they had been one congregation. All the priests lived at St. Joseph's.

In 1821 St. Joseph's Church was enlarged. The adherents of Bishop Conwell came to St. Joseph's to worship.

On Easter Tuesday, 1821, the adherents of Bishop Conwell assembled at St. Joseph's, at three o'clock in the morning, and before daylight proceeded to St. Mary's, and took possession. When the Hoganites assembled ensued "the battle of St. Mary's."

On March 1, 1823, a meeting was held at St. Joseph's of those sustaining Bishop Conwell in the Hogan schism, and opposing the amending of the charter of St. Mary's by the State Legislature so as to create a board of trustees of eleven laymen and excluding priests. Charles Johnson, John Keating, Jr., Michael McGrath, Dr. Joseph G. Nancrede, and John Carrell, Sr., were appointed a committee to report resolutions.

The resolutions declared in bishops alone was the right to appoint pastors; that the pious founders of St. Mary's intended "its pastor should at all times participate in the management of its temporal con- cern," and that the alteration of the charter as pro- posed by a committee of the State Senate was an in- fringement of chartered right, and defeating the intentions of the founders.

In 1823, Rev. John Walsh was at St. Joseph's.

On Feb. 13, 1824, Bishop Conwell, while residing at St. Joseph's, baptized Joseph Lucien Charles Na- polcon Bonaparte, son of Charles Julius Laurence Lucien Bonaparte, and his wife Princess Zenaide Charlotte Julia, daughter of Joseph, formerly king of Spain. The latter was the godfather, and the god- mother was Letitia, mother of Emperor Napoleon. She was represented by proxy,-the Princess Charlotte Bonaparte, the child's aunt. Ex-King Joseph pre- sented Bishop Conwell with a diamond episcopal ring, formerly the property of Cardinal Ximenes.

In March, 182-1, notice was given in the papers that an enlargement of the church was necessary, and contributions were solicited. At this time the

notice declared "the chapel of St. Joseph's to be utterly disproportioned to the extensive number of the congregation, and in all respects unsuited for the purpose of divine worship."

In 1824 the clergymen at the church were Bishop Conwell, Rev. William V. Harold, Rev. J. Cum- miskey, and Rev. John Ryan.

In 1825, Bishop Conwell, Rev. J. Cummiskey, and Rev. Jolin Ryan were at St. Joseph's, and Father Jordan says that in this year Rev. C. Ferry was one of " the canons or prebendaries of St. Joseph's."

In 1826, Rev. Roger Baxter was stationed at the church, remaining there until his death, May 22, 1827. Rev. James Smith took his place, but does not appear to have remained long.

In February, 1827, Rev. John Hughes, afterward the illustrious archbishop of New York, who had here been ordained Oct. 15, 1826, and stationed at Bedford, Pa., was recalled and stationed at St. Joseph's, after the death of Father Baxter, to take the place of Rev. William V. Harold, removed by Bishop Conwell. The pastor of St. Joseph's was Rev. T. J. Donahoe, with Father Hughes, Rev. John Reilley, and Rev. S. S. Cooper as assistants.

The trouble at St. Mary's still continued. But at "St. Joseph's," wrote Father Hughes on May 2, 1828, "all is quiet. I received such encouragement that I was lately on the point of enlarging the church, which is much too small for the concourse of people that attend it. But I have declined for the present."

In 1829, Rev. T. Donahoe was pastor, and Rev. John Hughes assistant. On Dec. 29, 1829, Father Hughes wrote to Rev. M. Purcell : " At the little chapel of St. Joseph's there is peace and piety. They are, generally, poor ; and Massillon says, ' the poor are the objects of God's predilection.'"

In June, 1830, Bishop Kenrick came to Philadel- phia as coadjutor to Bishop Conwell, whose episcopal residence was at St. Joseph's. He speedily and effec- tively grappled with the trustee troubles at St. Mary's, and by vigorous and resolute measures destroyed the rebellious spirit and introduced harmony.

In April, 1833, the Jesuits were placed in charge of St. Joseph's, and have ever since continued to direct its affairs. Rev. Stephen Dubuisson was appointed a Superior.

In 1837 it was determined to build a new church. On Monday, May 7, 1838, mass was celebrated in the old church for the last time. On June 4th the corner- stone of the present edifice was laid by Rev. James Ryder, senior pastor, in the presence of Bishop Con- well. Rev. Felix Joseph Barbelin was assistant pastor. In 1839 he became pastor, and so remained until his death, June 8, 1869.

On Jan. 11, 1840, the first Sodality of the Blessed Virgin organized in this country outside of a Catholic college, was instituted by Father Barbelin. On Fri- day, April 22, 1842, Rt. Rev. Henry Conwell died. On Jan. 31, 1848, a society for the relief of emigrants

1375

RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS.

from Ireland was organized. It was the foundation of the present St. Joseph's Hospital, Seventeenth Street and Girard Avenue.

St. Mary's Church was founded 1763, by Rev. Robert Harding. The contributions for its erection amounted to thirteen hundred and thirty-seven pounds.

In colonial and Revolutionary days St. Mary's was the principal Catholic Church of this city. It was used on Sundays and special occasions, St. Joseph's (the old chapel) being used for services on week-days.

In 1782, after the close of the Revolutionary war, contributions to the amount of twelve hundred and fonr pounds were taken up for the improvement of the church, and new pews, galleries, and other addi- tions were made.

On July 4, 1779, the third anniversary of the Dec- laration of Independence was celebrated at this church. The French minister (Gerard) invited the distinguished men of the time then present in Philadelphia to attend.

Feb. 22, 1800, was "a day of mourning throughout the United States" for the death of Gen. Washing- ton. St. Mary's was draped in mourning, and Rev. Mr. Carr delivered an eulogium on his character.

In 1810 the church was enlarged to its present size. On April 11, 1811, Gen. Stephen Moylan died, and on the 14th was buried at St. Mary's.

On July 22, 1814, Bishop Egan died. Rev. L. de Barth became administrator, and acted until the ap- pointment and arrival of Rt. Rev. Henry Conwell, early in December, 1820. At this time the pastor of St. Mary's was Rev. William Hogan, who had been appointed in April, 1820, by Father De Barth. Father Hogan said St. Mary's was at this time "the largest congregation in America." On Dec. 12, 1820, Bishop Conwell suspended him. Then ensued the schism in the congregation, which became divided into " Hogan- ites" and " Bishopites." On April 9, 1822, when trus- tees were elected a riot took place, and a portion of the wall and railing of the church were torn down and used as missiles. Both factions held elections, the Bishopites on the south side of the church, the Hogan- ites on the north. Two sets of trustees were elected, and appeals to the courts and to Rome were made by both parties. Hogan left Philadelphia in 1823, and spoke and wrote against the Church. He married twice, and died at Nashua, N. H., in 1848. By this schism many Catholics abandoned their faith. The controversy continued until finally suppressed by the vigorous course of Bishop Kenrick, soon after his arrival as coadjutor bishop, in 1830. In April, 1831, he ordered " the cessation of all sacred functions" at the church. On May 18th the trustees submitted, declaring that "they disclaimed all right to interfere in the spiritual concerns of the church," since which time there has been peace at St. Mary's.

In April, 1828, Rev. William Mathew, D.D., and Rev. Jeremiah Keiley became pastors. In 1829,

Rev. Tolontina de Silva was assistant to Father Keiley, who remained in pastoral charge until the close of 1834, when he opened, on Jan. 1, 1835, Laurel Hill College. The enterprise not proving successful, it was closed in August. On Sept. 24, 1837, Rev. C. J. Carter became an assistant to Bishop Kenrick. He became pastor in 1841, and remained until March, 1849, when he erected the Church of the Assumption, on Spring Garden Street, below Twelfth, where he remained until his death. Father Carter's successor was Rev. George Strobel, who died in 1877. He had been stationed at St. Mary's from August, 1846. In March, 1838, Rev. Peter Richard Kenrick, brother of the bishop, be- came a pastor. He remained until appointed coad- jutor to Bishop Rosati, of St. Louis. He was con- secrated at St. Mary's on Nov. 30, 1841. He is now the venerated archbishop of St. Louis. He succeeded Bishop Rosati in 1847.

During the riots of 1844 St. Mary's was guarded by military and by members of the congregation, but it was not injured.

The present rector is Very Rev. Ignatius F. Horst- mann, D.D., a native of this city, one of the most eloquent and impressive speakers in the Catholic Church. He has been in charge since December, 1877. His assistant is Rev. Thomas Kelly.

Though this parish has been afflicted, yet have the highest honors been conferred upon it. Two of its pastors have become bishops, one of whom is now an archbishop. Here worshiped many distinguished French families, who for their safety were obliged to leave France on the outbreak of the revolution. Many lie entombed in its cemeteries, their descend- ants still worshiping at the altar around which their ancestors met and breathed many fervent prayers for the preservation of their land from anarchy. Within the graveyard repose the remains of learned and emi- nent men, prominent among whom may be mentioned Gen. Stephen Moylan, of the Revolution, and Capt. John Barry, "the father of the American navy."

Holy Trinity Church .- By the return made to Lord Loudon on April 29, 1757, there were two hundred and twenty-eight German Catholics "in and about Philadelphia," under the care of Rev. Theodore Schneider, who had founded the mission at Goshenhoppen, Berks Co., in 1741, and from thence attended the German Catholics in Philadel- phia. In August, 1758, Rev. Ferdinand Farmer came to St. Joseph's, and until his death, in August, 1786, ministered more particularly to the Germans. After his death their numbers justified the more active in projecting a separate congregation. Ac- cordingly, they organized an association in 1787, and on Feb. 21, 1788, Adam Premir bought from the Su- preme Executive Council of Pennsylvania the lots on the northwest corner of Sixth and Spruce, being sixty-eight feet ten inches front on Sixth Street, and one hundred and ninety-eight feet on Spruce. Pre-

1376

HISTORY OF PHILADELPHIA.

mir purchased for the congregation and with money contributed by the members. Application being made to the Legislature for an act of incorporation, it was granted Oct. 4, 1788, under the title of "The Trus- tees of the German Religious Society of Roman Cath- olics, called the Church of the Holy Trinity in the City of Philadelphia." Rev. John Charles Helbron was the first pastor, being named in the deed of Adam Premir, Nov. 13, 1790, conveying the church to the trustees. He was succeeded by Rev. Peter Helbron, who came from Goshenhoppen in 1792. He was, after 1793, assisted by Rev. Lawrence Phelan, who preached in English on Sunday afternoons. In 1796, Rev. John N. Goetz was appointed by Bishop Carroll assistant at the church, and he became a favorite of the trustees. They removed Father Helbron and appointed Father Goetz pastor, and Rev. Wil- liam Elling, assistant, in place of Father Phelan. Rev. Leonard Neale, vicar-general, reported this action to Bishop Carroll, who, by pastoral letter dated Feb. 22, 1797, condemned the action of the trustees. The controversy continued until 1802, Father Goetz withdrawing or being dismissed by the trustees and Father Elling submitting to the authority of the bishop. He continued at the church until his death, in April, 1811. The first Catholic orphan asy- lum in the city was established adjoining the church, to care for the orphans of Catholics who had died of yellow fever in 1798. The first Sisters of Charity sent out by the mother house of the order at Emmittsburg, Md., founded by Mother Seton, were sent to this asy- Jum on petition of the trustees of Holy Trinity. The asylum was incorporated in 1807, and is now located at the south west corner of Seventh and Spruce Streets.

In 1810 Rev. Adam Britt was pastor, and in 1826 Rev. Francis Roloff. He was succeeded by Rev. Father Carroll, and in 1831 by Rev. J. Vanderbrack. In 1833 Rev. Francis Guth, the pastor, founded St. Vincent's Orphan Asylum. It is now located at Tacony. In 1834 an assistant at the church was Rev. Henry Lemcke. He had been a soldier in the wars against Napoleon, and died Nov. 29, 1882, at the Benedictine Monastery at Carrolltown, Cambria Co., Pa., aged eighty-six years.

On July 29, 1834, a solemn high mass of requiem was celebrated at this church for the repose of the soul of Gen. Lafayette.

In 1836, Rev. Father Stahlschmidt was pastor; in 1842, Rev. Otto H. Burgers; in 1845, Rev. Andreas Skopes ; in 1847, Rev. Nicholas Perrine ; and in 1854, Rev. P. M. Carbon, who remained until his death, Oct. 24, 1871.

On June 23, 1860, the church was destroyed by fire. From the first trustee trouble, in 1797, there had really never been a cessation of the spirit of dissension relative to the affairs of the church. Finally, in 1859, a settlement was arrived at, though it imposed a debt of ten thousand dollars on the congregation. This was considered preferable to continue a litigation,

and was advised by Bishop Neumann, Father Carbon, and by " some of the best lawyers and men of equity in the city." The destruction of the church so soon afterward made the burden very heavy.

In the burial-ground of this church Stephen Girard was buried ; but on the completion of Girard College the body was removed to that institution.

In 1880 Rev. H. Schick was pastor, and on Oct. 7, 1883, the arrival of the German pioneer founders of Germantown was commemorated at this church. The pastor now (February, 1884) is Rev. Ernest O. Hilter- mann.

St. Augustine's Church. In 1796, June 11th, Very Rev. Dr. Matthew Carr, O.S.A., resident at the time at St. Joseph's, and pastor later on of both it and St. Mary's, purchased from Jouathan Meredith and wife, for a yearly ground-rent of three hundred and forty dollars, a lot of ground on North Fourth Street one hundred and seventy-five by eighty-five feet, on which St. Augustine's Church was built. On the 12th of the same month, 1796, Dr. Carr opened a subscription- list in aid of the new church, aud in September of the same year (probably the first Sunday, the feast of Our Lady of Consolation, chief patroness of the Augustinian Order) was laid its corner-stone.1

The number of subscribers in 1796 was two huu- dred and forty-four, and the amount given $8679.02. The following are the names aud amounts of some who subscribed in 1796, viz. :

Thomas Fitzsimons.

$500.00 1

John Walsh ..

$53.33

John Leamy

200 00

George Washington ..

50 00

John Rudolph

100,00

Commodore Barry.

150,00

J. Ingersoll.

30.00

Capt. - lloare .... 10.00

Samuel Meredith ..

30.00

Capt. -- O'Connor.

10.00

Thomas Allibone

20.00

C'ept. - Faulkner 10.00

James Vanuxem.

20.00

George Mende ..

50,00

Isaac Jones.

15.00

Mathew Carey.

50.00

Montgomery & Newbold ...

20.00

Jasper Moylau

50.00

J. & R. Walu. .

20.00

-- Dunn, M.P. (Ireland). 20.00

Valentine Peacen.

100,00

Stephen Girard

40.00

Gen. Washington and Governor Thomas Mckean are said to have been present at the blessing of the first stone, in 1796. The church was of Roman style, one hundred and twenty-five feet long, sixty-two feet wide, forty feet to the eaves, and with a tower seventy- five feet high. The architect, builder, and superin- tendent was Nicholas Fagan, and his father-in-law, John Walsh, a wealthy lumber merchant, gave nearly all the lumber used in the building of the church.

Later on, in 1830, City Councils sold to Dr. Hur- ley, O.S.A. (successor to Dr. Carr), the State-House clock and bell. The clock was the same one that had struck the hours on July 4, 1776, and the bell was one that had belonged to the province of Pennsyl-

1 During the riots of 1844 nearly all the church books ware lost. Only six are known to have been saved. lu these have been preserved, first, the original list of subscribers to the church, commenced June 12, 1796, with the amounts given ; second, a diagram of the paws of the same church, with names of pew-holders from the day when they first took possession, June 7, 1801, down to 1809; third, the financial ac- counts for nineteen days, from Dec. 12, 1811, to Jan. 1, 1812, and the com- plete registries of baptisms, confirmations, and marriages. This sums up all the records of the early years of this church that have been pre- served.

1377

RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS.

vania in colonial times, and had been used to call the Assembly together long before the State-House was built.1

It is noteworthy that St. Augustine's was the first in the State of either Catholic or Protestant Churches to have the altar and chancel at the western end. This singularity of position was doubtless due to the site of the lot.

In 1799, money for the building being hard to get, and the country being impoverished from the Revo- lutionary struggles, the Legislature sanctioned a lot- tery, projected by Dr. Carr, to raise ten thousand dollars toward defraying the building expenses. This was a favorite means at this time to raise funds for all kinds of projects,-for example, street improve- ments, schools, and churches of all denominations.

In 1801, June 7th, opens the registry of the first pew-holders, and in the same year, October 8th, is registered the first baptism, and October 20th the first marriage. From this it would seem that the church, that had been founded in 1796, was not blessed and opened to divine service until five years after,-that is, until June, 1801.2

Among the original pew-holders (1801-7) are Capt. James Butler, Capt. J. Rossitter, Capt. - Burke, Commodore Barry, Pierce Maher, John Rudolph, Don Joseph Viar, Thomas Fitzsimons, Mathew Carey, Jasper Moylan, Richard W. Meade, Nicholas Esling, John Leamy.

In 1802, Dr. Carr took up his pastoral residence at St. Augustine's, leaving his fellow-religious, Father John Rossitter, O.S.A., in charge of Sts. Joseph's and Mary's, and in company with Rev. Raphael Fitzpat- rick and Rev. Michael Lacy.

In 1803 St. Augustine's and St. Joseph's became distinct parishes, Dr. Carr giving up to Rev. Michael Egan, O.S.F., the parish of St. Joseph's and the ; who exulted that the record of his baptism as Catho- vicar-generalship, which he had held since 1799.

In 1804, September 24th, the Fathers of St. Augus- tine's received their charter from the Legislature. The first incorporators were Revs. Dr. Carr, Dr. Hur- ley, and John Rossitter (all O.S.A.), Rev. Demetrins (the famous Prince) Gallitzin, and Rev. Louis de Barth.

During the years from 1801 to 1830 the Fathers of St. Augustine's ministered in a very extensive territory. ; They baptized and married at Germantown, Bustle- ton, Frankford, Darby, Norristown, Cobb's Creek, and Villanova (then known as Belair), Lamberton, Burlington, and Trenton, in New Jersey, and Wil- mington, in Delaware.

In 1822, Father Philip Larissey visited Staten Island and the towns along the Hudson River, also (but in year not known), Boston, Mass., where he built the Mortuary Chapel, in St. Augustine's parish. In 1834, Dr. Hurley, with sanction of Bishop Du- bois, of New York, opened a mission at Binghamton, N. Y., and about this time Father James O'Donnell, O.S.A., opened the one at Salina, N. Y., near Syra- cuse, and later on one in Williamsburg, Long Island.

Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.

History of Philadelphia, 1609-1884, Part 122

Author: Scharf, J. Thomas (John Thomas), 1843-1898. cn; Westcott, Thompson, 1820-1888, joint author Publication date: 1884 Publisher: Philadelphia, Pa. : L. H. Everts & Co. Number of Pages: 992

Author: Scharf, J. Thomas (John Thomas), 1843-1898. cn; Westcott, Thompson, 1820-1888, joint author
Publication date: 1884
Publisher: Philadelphia, Pa. : L. H. Everts & Co.
Number of Pages: 992