Shenandoah Valley Pioneers and Their Descendants: A History of Frederick County, Virginia., Part 93

Author: Cartmell, T. K. (Thomas Kemp), 1838-1920
Publication date: 1909
Publisher: [Winchester, Va.] : [Printed by the Eddy Press Corp.]
Number of Pages: 607

USA > Virginia > Frederick County > Frederick County > Shenandoah Valley Pioneers and Their Descendants: A History of Frederick County, Virginia. > Part 93

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1886-1890

Philip W. Mckinney.

1890-1894

Charles T. O'Ferrall.

1894-1898

James Hoge Tyler.

1898-1902

Andrew Jackson Montague ..

1902-1906

Claude A. Swanson.

1906-

APPENDIX NO. 3

List of Members of Board of Supervisors from their First Meeting held July 26, 1870

Anthony M. Kline, (elected Chairman) 1870-1886 James W. Stephenson . 1870-1882

Josiah Rinker .1870-1878

A. Wade Muse.

. 1870-

James A. Russell.

.1872-

Jacob W. Richard.

1874-1880

M. M. Adams.

1879-1896

Martin Wisecarver, (Shawnee Dist. added)

E. R. Thatcher. 1881-1891

A. W. Dunlap. 1881-1884

Chas. E. Clevenger 1882-1884

Jno. M. Silver. .

1884-1886

James K. McCann (Chairman from '89) 1887-1897 Joseph A. Miller (Chairman '87-'89) . .. 1887-1892 Martin Wisecarver. 1891-1897 Wm. H. Dinges. 1892-1897

R. Bruce Muse.

1884-1893

Jas. T. McIllwee. 1893-1895

Ran Pifer.

1897-1901

Wm. H. Dinges, (Chairman since 1901) 1901-1908

T. E. Morrison.

1895-1897

Jas. T. McIlwee.

1897-1901

John W. Parish

. 1901-1904

H. P. Whitacre.

1896-1908

James Cather

1897-1908

Jas. T. McIlwee. . 1904-1907

Bev. N. Lockhart. . 1908-

APPENDIX NO. 4

Colonial Soldiers and Pensioners

The General Assembly held at Williamsburg Sept. 24, 1758, realizing that the border counties needed encouragement from the Colonial govern- ment, to insure greater protection to the set- tlers who were required to render unceasing ser- vice to protect their homes from the ravages of Indian warfare, enacted a law that stimu- lated the Valley counties, to not only maintain their independent warfare, but to furnish enlist- ments in the Colonial Regiments then being re- cruited for general purposes. Up to this date the border counties were expected to protect their homes at their own expense, and also to furnish their quotas for the Line regiments. This was found unjust to the Valley settlers, who for twenty years had formed a bulwark of defense for the country East of the Blue Ridge. At no time did they allow Indian forays to extend Eastward beyond their own settlements. The General Assembly recognized this, and appropri- ated a large sum to pay the Home Guards-or Minute Men, as they were called-for their ser- vices, equal to that paid the Line soldiers; and being furnished with lists from all the border counties, named them in the Act and fixed the amounts then due, and made provision for all who should thereafter secure certificates from their courts.

The author will give names of soldiers from Old Frederick, only to show who were the old defenders. Some of these names will appear in the Sketches of Indian Wars; but the repeti- tion here is not undesirable, and will serve as an index to the reader to single out, if he can, his old ancestor.

The amounts will be given as found in the record of that period, in pounds, shillings and pence, only in a few instances, to show the gen- eral scheme for payment.

Frederick County £

To Archibald Ruddall, Lieutenant. 3

. . Henry Selser, Sergeant. I

John Jones I I

Jeremiah Odle, Moses Job, Rendy Mauk, George Bennett, Jonathan

5 " Odle, and James Thruston, each 17 S, 2

Patrick Kenney. 1

" Richard Mauk, Henry Mauk and Daniel Mauk, each 17 s, 2

John Buchanan Floyd.

1879-1881

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APPENDICES

To Henry McKenney. I

Nathaniel Bailey, Peter Bailey and William Cross, 15 s each. 2

" Richard Murphy 0 17

" Thomas Speak, as ensign,

" Charles Littleton, Sergeant,

Daniel Johnston, Stephen Southard, Edward = Linsey, Josiah Springer, Jacob Prickett, Stephen Stradler, Chas. Colston, John Hampton, Sam- uel Mason, Peter Petanger, Francis McCormack, Thos. Alfort, Richard Stearman, Thos. Linsey, Robert Pearis-

To Thos. Speake, Lieutenant,

John Horden, Ensign,

" Wm. Mathews, John Stephenson, John Vance, James Meamick, James Morris, William Hall, Wm. Miller, Bang Foolam, Wm. Lockard, Thos. Linsey.

To Levi Jones, Edward Martin, Mark Hardin, Solomon Burkem, Samuel Stubbs, Gilbert Gor- don, George Bell, James Grigson, Geo. Rice, Jno. Miller, Wm. Jacobs, Joshua Ewings, Thos. Con- aly, Isaac Linsey, David James, Edward Tum- mens, Owen Wingfield, Walter Shirley, Robert Gooseberry, Jarvis Shirley, Jno. Parke, Isaac Thomas, James Jack, Hugh Johnston, James Jones, Francis Maginis, Joseph Lyon, Thos. Al- len, Andrew Blackburn, William Stephenson, John M'Gill, Benj. Blackburn, Isaac White, Ma- thew Harbinson, Wm. Blackburn, Bryan Money, James Hughes, Joseph Fleming, Wm. White, John Young, Joseph Faucett, John Capper, Da- vid Williams, Leonard Cooper, Joseph Carroll, John Cook, Wm. Wilson, Samuel Vance, Andrew Vance, James Huston, Wm. Hughes, John Coop- er, Daniel Johnson, S. Suthard, Thos. Price, Robert Stewart, Stephen Johnson, Isaac Linsey, John Regan, Ed. Timmons, Sol. Littleton, Thos. Robinson, Edward Degell, Francis McCrimas, Gasper Bewtoole, Hugh Stephenson, Edward Haven, John Hudson, Benj. Fulhone, John Vance, John Stephenson, Josiah Combs, Jno. Morris, John Laman, James Legat, John Dickson, Holo- way Perry, Jos. Pierce, Henry Vanmeter, Law- rence Lender, Ed. Mergee, Jos. Vanmeter, Jacob Mergee, Remembrance Williams, Jos. Polson, Wm. Fiell, Nicholas McIntire, Edward Lucas, Robert Buckus, Benj. Sweet, John Taylor, An- thony Turner, John Magill, James Hugh, James Huston, James Camp, Richard Hawkins, John Duckworth, Joseph Greenway, Joseph Wallbroke, Anthony Dunlevy, Jesse Jackson,-Privates.

To Joseph McDowell, Lieutenant,

" John Allen, Ensign,

James Treson, Sergeant,

" Thomas Speak, Captain,

" John Hardin, Lt.

Magnus Tate, Ensign,

= Chas. Littleton, Sergt.,

To John Champain, Sergt.,

George Wright, Sergt.,

James Treson, Ensign,

Will Elimus Ghink, Doctor. The following list shows who furnished pro- visions, etc., to the Minute Men, when in need:

To John Blackburn's admrs., for provisions.

" John Mendenall,

James Jack,

John Shearer,

= James Magill,

Edward Sningers,

" Robt. Stockdale,

¥ Van Swearingen,

Isaac Pearce, =

Wm. Nealy's Estate, =

" Edward Stroud, "

" Lewis Stephens, for provisions and horse hire.

Isaac Parkins,

John Philips,

Robt. Cropper, for horse hire.

This list is taken from Henning's Revised Statutes, Vol. 7. As previously stated, Congress by three Acts, directed the Secy. of War to pub- lish a list of all Revolutionary Soldiers entitled to pensions or Bounty Land Warrants, then liv- ing, which he accordingly did in 1835. From the Virginia list, the author submits the following, as the soldiers of Frederick County :

James Beckman, John Bageant, Wm. Braith- waite, Dennis Bush, Saml. Cox, Thos. Crawford, Danl. Haley, James Hamilton, John Haney, John Harris, John Hefferlin, John Kiger, Wm. Kin- gore, A. McDonald, Alexander McMullin, Dan- iel Miller, Richard Murray, James Oliver, Moses Perry, Geo. Seifert, Jeremiah Sargeant, James Thompson, Geo. Van. Landengham, Geo. Wright, Jas. Barr, Henry Beatty, Geo. Black, Geo. Blake- man, Humphrey Brook, Phil. P. Buckner, John Campbell, Jno. Colbert, Peter Edwards, James Foster, John Grim, Geo. Hensell, Michael Hum- ble, Henry Knipe, Conrad Kramer, Peter Lauck, Geo. Lonas, John Schultz, Geo. Lonas, Basil Lu- cas, Jas. M. Marshall, Wm. Monroe, Hugh Par- rall, Wm. Philips, John Piper, Andrew Pittman, James Riely, Jacob Shade, John Smith, Col. of Va. State Line, Jacob Sperry, Andrew McGuire, Robert White, Owen Campbell, Reuben Cave, Richard Jenkins, Andrew Keyser, Joseph Samp- son, Thos. Tharp.

The following are supposed to be those living in Shenandoah County :

Daniel Anderson, Philip Barr, Jno. Bly, Geo. Clowser, Leonard Cooper, captain, and died in Fredk. County, Joachim Fetzer, Archibald Fin- ley, Joseph Golloday, Wm. Grady, Danl. Gray, Peter Grim, Drury Jackson, Benj. McKnight, Lewis Miller, Collin Mitchum, Abner Newman, Thos. Purdour, John Rolls, John Smith, Elias

518

CARTMELL'S HISTORY

Turner, Jeffrey Collins, Geo. Fletcher, Joshua Foltz, Jacob Helsey, Moses Henry, Thomas Hud- son, Jacob Kepps, John Larey, Jacob Lineweaver, Christian Miller, David O'Rourke, Henry Roarer, Robt. Russell, Martin Zea, John Berry, Jesse Brown, Dennis O'Ferrell.

The foregoing lists have never appeared so fully in any other history of the Valley counties. Prof. Jno. W. Wayland of the University of Virginia, has recently given many of the last mentioned in his valuable and instructive book, entitled "The German Element of the Shenan- doah Valley." The author has found it very useful as a text book in his studies of the Ger- man settlers.

The Secretary of War in his lists of 1832-35, gives many names familiar in Berkeley, Jeffer- son and Hampshire Counties; but there is not space for fuller mention of them in this work. The reader is referred to publications of writers of West Virginia history, and especially to the exhaustive work of Virgil A. Lewis.

APPENDIX No. 5

Fairfax and Hite Suit

The most famous suits of original action in the Shenandoah Valley, have generally been men- tioned as the Hite-Fairfax suits.

The author promised in his opening chapters to give a comprehensive sketch of the suit in- stituted by Joist Hite et als. vs. Fairfax et als. He finds now that limited space will not admit of more than a note of reference.

This celebrated suit makes its first appearance 10th Oct., 1749, when Hite and his associates filed a bill in chancery in the general court against Lord Fairfax and those claiming under him, "setting forth the circumstances # * * praying that Lord Fairfax might be decreed to make deeds to the plaintiff for the surveyed lands * * * (See 4 Call. 42-52.) Lord Fairfax in his answer, ignored all rights of Hite and his associates, and erroneously claimed that the right to convey lands to settlers in the Northern Neck, existed in him alone; and thus denied the rights granted through what has been termed Minor Grants. This class of grants is mentioned elsewhere in this volume. Some con- flict of opinion existed in the courts; and consid- erable delay occasioned by reason of the general caveat entered by Lord Fairfax against all or- ders of council and patents from the Crown of- fice, for lands in his proprietary. The courts finally, 1786, five years after the death of Fair- fax, confirmed the grants to Hite and his asso- ciates, where it had been shown that settlers had complied with orders of council by retaining sur- veys of their individual tracts.

The General Court had on the 15th October, 1771, made a decree that virtually settled the rights of Hite and those to whom he had sold land and executed conveyances within the boun- daries of the Van Meter grants, and also of the Hite and Mckay grants; Hite having seated fifty-four families, pursuant to orders of Coun- cil 1730-31.

Had Fairfax been sustained, every lot owner in Winchester who derived his right under James Wood, would have suffered a loss of his hold- ing. Fairfax seemed determined to stand upon his rights as the Lord proprietor of the Northern Neck; and although he had an agreement with Wood, Hite, Rogers and others, that he would make them quit-rent deeds without payment of the usual fee, yet he declined to withdraw from the contest; and allowed the suit to drag along until all the original litigants were dead. This left Denny Martin Fairfax, his nephew, to con- tend as an alien for his title to Lord Fairfax's estate, with quit-rents and other holdings seques- tered by Acts of Assembly passed in 1782 (II Hen. Stat. 128). The court held that Fairfax had no claim against settlers who held Minor Grants for land West of the Blue Ridge prior to 1738. This virtually determined that Wood had good cause, and need not submit to any demand made by Fairfax for the site of Win- chester. Much more could be written concern- ing these titles; but we must refer the student of such history to Henning's Statutes, Vols. 2, 3-4-

More than five hundred settlers were affected by these ejectment suits instituted by Fairfax.

APPENDIX NO. 6

The Hession Prisoners

In the preparation of the foregoing chapters, the author had occasion to mention the Hession Prisoners. It may be well to condense scraps of their history for future reference.

At the battle of Saratoga, Genl. (Baron) Ried- esel surrendered to the American Army the rem- nant of his command, about 8,000 men of every class and grade. All were the Hesse-Darm- stadt contingent of the British Army. From the battle-field, these Hessian prisoners marched to Boston. Efforts were made at once by Genl. Washington to have them exchanged. A con- vention was held, composed of officers from both armies, to consider the terms. An agreement was effected; the prisoners were allowed to return to their native country, on conditions that they should not be re-hired to fight against the Ameri- cans. Pending these negotiations, an alliance was formed between France and the United States. France protested against their return, giving the

519

APPENDICES

reason that these prisoners would be employed against France on the continent. Congress an- nulled the cartel, and disregarded protests of Genl. Washington and other officers. At the suggestion of Mr. Jefferson, Governor of Vir- ginia, the entire Hessian command was sent to Williamsburg, Virginia. On their march, the in- habitants were greatly disturbed, but no serious trouble occurred. At that time every American patriot detested the hireling. When Williams- burg was reached, they found ample provision had been made by the Governor for their safe and comfortable imprisonment. Stockades had been made for the rank and file; and quarters secured for the general officers. Many of the men desired permanent residence in that section, and were allowed to remain under certain con- ditions. From Williamsburg, the main body marched in three detachments: one to Char- lottesville, one to Winchester, and one to Fred- erick, Maryland. This has been previously men- tioned. The first batch to arrive in Winchester, numbered 710; and were quartered in the town temporarily; and, as others arrived, swelling the number to nearly two thousand, they were grad- ually transferred from tents to cabins, on the farm West of Winchester now the property of Mr. Glaize, as already stated.

During his imprisonment in Virginia, the Hes- sian General seems to have enjoyed many liber- ties under his parole; for Mr. Jefferson's well preserved papers show a correspondence between the Governor and the General; while the latter with his wife sojourned at Berkeley Springs.

The writer is well aware that some historians state with authority that no Hessian prisoners were allowed to remain in America, when the command was released by articles of peace. He, however, could name quite a number who re- mained in the Shenandoah Valley. Several fam- ilies in Winchester and Frederick County of to-day, have been traced to certain Hessians with odd names.

The Governor of the State was regarded as the Commissioner General of the Convention Pris- oners. We have shown elsewhere who several of his deputy commissioners-general were.

APPENDIX NO. 7

James Rumsey, Inventor of the First Steamboat

While we may not properly claim James Rum- sey as one of the pioneers, or a descendant of one who figures in the Shenandoah Valley in its early development, yet we can claim him as one of the Revolutionary War soldiers. He was born in Maryland in 1743; but was South of the Potomac in 1767; in 1783 he was engaged in business in the Village of Bath, Berkeley

County, Virginia, when he exhibited portions of his invention to several friends, who sub- sequently made sworn statements to that ef- fect. In the same year he is on record in the General Assemblies of Maryland and Virginia as inventor of generators of steam. In 1788, we find him well on the way with his steam- boat propelling power. We have evidence that the boat had been built in 1783, and a test made of the steam in the Potomac River near Bath in the night of October -, 1783. Two friends assisted in getting the apparatus on board and in position-Jos. Barnes and Nicholas Orrick. This experiment was made with great secrecy. In 1786, Genl. Washington wrote Rumsey from Mt. Vernon, expressing his desire that the claim as inventor of the mechanical boat should be made public without further delay; suggesting that "some genius might anticipate you (Rum- sey), and thus gain credit for the invention." In March, 1786, another trial was made in the night, in the presence of Jos. Barnes, Charles Morrow, Dr. McMechin, and F. H. Hamilton. The trial was made against the current and proved satisfactory, excepting as to size of boiler. In 1787, the boat was taken to Shepherdstown, and notice given that public exhibition would take place Dec. 3, 1787.

We are indebted to writings of A. R. Boteler for an account of this first public exhibition of the first steam-boat. Mr. B. says "I knew many of those who witnessed Rumsey's success, and conversed with them about Rumsey and his in- vention." The following are named by Mr. Boteler as composing this number of witnesses: Mrs. Ann Baker, Mrs. Eleanor Shepherd, Major Henry Beddinger, Jacob Haines, Michael Fouke, and Peter Fisher. Mr. Boteler says many groups of ladies and gentlemen were near by and wit- nessed the wonder of the age, namely: Genl. Gates, Rev. Robert Stubbs, Capt. A. Shepherd, Col. Swearingen, Genl. Darke, Philip Pendleton, John Kearsley, Cato Moore, John Mark, Thomas White, David Gray, Benoni Swearingen, and many others. Mr. B. says the boat continued to steam up and down the river for the space of two hours, between the two points, Swearingen Spring and where the Shenandoah Valley Rail- road bridge spans the Potomac, keeping up an average rate of speed of three miles an hour. Upon the second trial the following week, Dec. II, 1787, the rate of speed was four miles per hour. During the winter of 1788, Rumsey went to Philadelphia. He found the city excited over his invention. "The Rumseyan Society" was or- ganized with Benjamin Franklin as president. This Society was instrumental in Rumsey's visit to London the following May. There he pro- ceeded to secure patents from the British gov-

520

CARTMELL'S HISTORY

ernment for his invention. He constructed a boat and launched it in the Thames in the Spring of 1790. There he met Robert Fulton. The two became warm friends. After Rum- sey's sudden death in Dec., 1772, in London, Fulton took up the work and spent nearly 20 years in constructing a steamboat, virtually on the plans of the original inventor. In 1839, Congress awarded "to James Rumsey Jr., the son and only surviving child of James Rumsey, deceased, a gold medal as a token of his father's services in giving to the world the benefits of the steamboat." The Shenandoah Valley claims James Rumsey as one of its most renowned cit- izens.

APPENDIX NO. 8

The Negro

No discussion of what is so often called the Negro Problem, can nor ever will accomplish much good to the two races as they exist in the South. If left alone, they will work out their own destiny to their own satisfaction. No two races ever lived in such harmony as the White and Black races enjoyed in ye olden times, be- fore the negro was taught by the fanatics that slavery was a yoke that must be removed, and he must do his part. We have seen that no uprising could be produced; and when great armies stood ready to receive them if they would desert their firesides, they stood aghast; and nine-tenths of the negroes on the Northern bor- der refused to cross over when there was noth- ing to hinder. When Bank's Army came in the Summer of 1861, it is a well-known fact that officers with men and wagons visited many home- steads and urged the negroes to accompany them. The writer can testify to this from his personal knowledge. Three negro families were thus taken from his old home, not one of whom de- sired to go. Many noble specimens of the race clung to the fortunes of their former masters, protecting and supporting the helpless women and children of the old home, who felt secure when thus guarded. No insults or outrages then, except from that class of soldiers who thought of nothing else but liberty to the slave. How sad the change in this race! When a slave, he was a trusted friend; now we are taught that the rising generations have many monsters to be hounded by mobs and destroyed. Under the old conditions, no monsters or frenzied communi- ties disturbed the country. The two races knew each other. Vicious people were punished with- out unjust criticism. We have the right to en- quire for the cause which has apparently trans- formed the natures of the two races. Southern people remember no trouble between the two

races until after the emancipation proclamation, and subsequent schemes adopted by the Wash- ington government to make allies of the negro race. The negro was then encouraged to take weapons of destruction in his hands and wreak vengeance on his old oppressors; even then he hesitated, and no wholesale crime was committed, until the negro regiments were or- ganized and marched alongside Union columns that led the way for pillage and ruin. While many vile-tempered negroes took advantage of their license to commit crime, only a very small per cent. accepted the offer of Mr. Lincoln. Sev- eral millions of the race remained in their old communities; and there died since the war; and millions of their descendants still hold on to their Sunny South. Others have been enticed away, to learn new ideas; and then, when too late, to realize that the true friend to his race is to be found in the South. Southerners have often asked the question, was President Lincoln's act justifiable as a war measure? This may be answered: that he had untold resources in men and munitions of war, on the increase every day; while the South suffered depletion from every source. Her brave men fast disappear- ing, and army supplies lessening; certainly there was no need to encourage the poor deluded negro to conduct a war of rapine and slaughter against the people with whom he had lived in harmony- they and their ancestors, from the time they landed on the Southern shores as African hea- then. This never seemed necessary to secure success to the Union armies. The sacrifices made by this act were a fearful offset to what was gained. The confederates, whenever opportunity offered, tried to annihilate every negro regiment, stimulated to do so by the same motives that now lead them to hunt for the monster who brutishly commits an outrage on some helpless woman. It could in no sense better the condi- tion of the race. Their freedom was not has- tened; nor could any good result to those who remained within the Confederate lines. The act produced discord between the races that a half century has not removed.

Mr. Lincoln was noted for his kind heart and humane feelings, but this one act of his has cast a shadow over his life. His desire to be humane and helpful to the race, caused him to weigh lightly the horrors of a race-war he in- augurated, and which was sustained through the reconstruction period by the military acting in concert with an element composed of Northern adventurers and renegade natives of the South. Had Lincoln been spared to witness the results of his dangerous experiment, he doubtless would have striven to atone for his direful blunder. The two races have suffered in all these years.

521

APPENDICES

The white race had cause for animosity; but the history of their legislation proves they have produced wonderful results in the improved con- ditions of the other race. They have verified their good will toward the negro; they have spent millions in establishing and maintaining negro schools; they have always aided in build- ing their churches, educating their ministers and teachers, and liberally providing for the desti-

tute and helpless. They are bound to each other by mutual friendships and ties of interest that should never be sundered. Away with all the wild schemes of deportation and segregation in some other territory! Let the ten millions of negroes alone. No feasible plan of removal can be suggested. The American nation, even with its tremendous transportation facilities, could never land them on any foreign shore; and it is well known that ninety-nine per cent. of the race would never willingly abandon the Southern States. Many have tried the States North and West in the vain hope that they would find more congenial homes. Experience has proven they are not wanted there.

The writer has never known the time when he was unfamiliar with the habits and wants of this peculiar race. The old slaves were his companions and friends; and the few of this class who have survived the wreck and ruin of old cherished institutions, spend many hours re- counting happy reminiscences; and together we live the old life in memory. The old Christmas reunions, and two weeks of holiday, with all the doin's around the great house, where roast pig, turkeys, plum puddings, etc., was liberally dis- pensed, the old Mammies, Aunties, and Uncles with their several generations,' made relations between the races possible, that can never be understood by those who never enjoyed such ex- periences. These old landmarks are passing rap- idly out of sight. Frederick County never was a large slave-holding community. Some of the old homesteads mentioned in this volume, were fa- mous for splendid negro families. Very few are left of those the writer knew sixty years ago. The Glass, Magill, Cartmell, Campbell, Jones, Carson, Gilkeson and other families, owned many splendid men and women. Some of their descendants are here. During the early part of the 19th Century, many slaves were emancipated. They afterwards became known as free negroes. The Virginia laws required their removal to a free State. A large majority refused to change their homes. The clerks of county courts were re- quired to register all such. This class was re- quired to produce proof annually that they were constantly employed by some responsible white man, who would be responsible for their taxes and good behavior. By this mode, they were

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Shenandoah Valley Pioneers and Their Descendants: A History of Frederick County, Virginia., Part 93

Author: Cartmell, T. K. (Thomas Kemp), 1838-1920 Publication date: 1909 Publisher: [Winchester, Va.] : [Printed by the Eddy Press Corp.] Number of Pages: 607

Author: Cartmell, T. K. (Thomas Kemp), 1838-1920
Publication date: 1909
Publisher: [Winchester, Va.] : [Printed by the Eddy Press Corp.]
Number of Pages: 607